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LCNet: Location Combination for Object Detection LCNet:用于目标检测的位置组合
Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1145/3529570.3529596
Object detection is a widely studied task in the computer vision field. In recent years, some milestone approaches and solid benchmarks have been proposed, which significantly boosts the development of related researches. The previous object detection methods follow a paradigm: the classification head and the regression head share the same feature extracted by the backbone network. In this paper, we revisit this paradigm for two-stage detectors and prove that the regression head can achieve better results by using the local features. In our proposed Location Combination Networks (LCNet), we extract the effective region of the feature in a Laplace way, and we introduce auxiliary confidence gain loss, Intersection over Union (IoU) gain loss, and distribution loss to guide its convergence. In the classification head, we combine these local features into the global feature for better classification. In the regression head, by ranking these effective regions in the spatial dimension, we can select the local features closest to each foreground boundary and use the selected features to predict the offset of each foreground boundary. Finally, we combine the locations of the four boundaries to obtain the final bounding box prediction. Extensive experimental results on the MS COCO benchmark validate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
目标检测是计算机视觉领域一个被广泛研究的课题。近年来,一些里程碑式的方法和坚实的基准被提出,极大地推动了相关研究的发展。以前的目标检测方法遵循一个范式:分类头和回归头共享骨干网提取的相同特征。在本文中,我们重新审视了两阶段检测器的这种范式,并证明了回归头通过使用局部特征可以获得更好的结果。在我们提出的位置组合网络(LCNet)中,我们以拉普拉斯方法提取特征的有效区域,并引入辅助的置信度增益损失、交联增益损失和分布损失来指导其收敛。在分类头中,我们将这些局部特征组合成全局特征,以便更好地分类。在回归头中,通过对这些有效区域在空间维度上的排序,我们可以选择最接近每个前景边界的局部特征,并使用所选择的特征来预测每个前景边界的偏移量。最后,我们将四个边界的位置组合起来,得到最终的边界盒预测。在MS COCO基准上的大量实验结果验证了我们提出的方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Inference and Prediction in Big Data Using Sparse Gaussian Process Method 基于稀疏高斯过程的大数据推理与预测
Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1145/3529570.3529580
Gaussian process is one of computationally expensive algorithm for large datasets and lack of the flexibility to model different datasets is a common problem for modeling it. We introduce sparse Gaussian regression with the combination of designed kernels to solve the computational complexity of a traditional Gaussian process by taking pseudo input from large datasets and developing a model with better accuracy which enables Gaussian process application. We design a better combination of the kernel that can catch up with most of our data points. We demonstrate the approach on a large weather dataset and sales record dataset. Both are open source big datasets available online. Numerous experiments and comparisons with traditional Gaussian process methods using both large datasets demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of sparse Gaussian processes.
高斯过程是大数据集计算量大的算法之一,缺乏对不同数据集建模的灵活性是高斯过程建模的一个常见问题。为了解决传统高斯过程的计算复杂性,我们引入了稀疏高斯回归与设计核的组合,通过从大数据集中获取伪输入,并开发出具有更高精度的模型,使高斯过程能够应用。我们设计了一个更好的内核组合,可以赶上我们的大多数数据点。我们在大型天气数据集和销售记录数据集上演示了该方法。两者都是开源的在线大数据集。在两个大数据集上进行的大量实验和与传统高斯过程方法的比较证明了稀疏高斯过程的效率和准确性。
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引用次数: 0
Direction-of-Arrival Estimation of Acoustic Sources Using Acoustic Array Based on SOM and BP Neural Network 基于SOM和BP神经网络的声阵列声源到达方向估计
Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1145/3529570.3529605
Abstract-A direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm of acoustic sources using acoustic array based on self-organizing feature map (SOM) and back propagation neural networks (BPNN) was proposed in this paper. Based on time difference of arrival (TDOA), this algorithm maps TDOA vectors with similar topology into one spatial zone, and gets the characteristic TDOA vector of this spatial zone. This characteristic TDOA vector will be input into BPNN for settlement, thus getting the DOA estimation. The blind zone of array was identified by analyzing sound localization of a rectangular pyramid array of five sensors, in which sound localization error of the acoustic array increased dramatically. However, the proposed DOA estimation algorithm can separate the blind zone and detectable zone, improving DOA estimation accuracy of acoustic sources in different regions. The simulation test and actual experiment demonstrated that the algorithm has high DOA estimation accuracy and robustness.
提出了一种基于自组织特征映射(SOM)和反向传播神经网络(BPNN)的声阵列声源到达方向(DOA)估计算法。该算法基于到达时间差(TDOA),将具有相似拓扑结构的TDOA向量映射到同一空间区域,得到该空间区域的特征TDOA向量。将该特征TDOA向量输入到BPNN中进行求解,从而得到DOA估计。通过对由5个传感器组成的矩形金字塔阵的声定位分析,找出了声阵的盲区,该盲区声阵的声定位误差急剧增大。然而,所提出的DOA估计算法能够分离盲区和可探测区,提高不同区域声源的DOA估计精度。仿真测试和实际实验表明,该算法具有较高的DOA估计精度和鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
A Frequency-Dependent Head-Related Transfer Functions Modeling Approach Based on Spherical Harmonic Expansion: FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT HRTF MODELING 基于球谐展开的频率相关头部传递函数建模方法:频率相关HRTF建模
Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1145/3529570.3529603
Modeling head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) using spherical harmonics (SHs) expansion is an efficient solution for HRTF-related tasks, such as interpolation and binaural rendering. However, the accurate reconstruction of HRTFs requires a large number of SH coefficients. To model HRTFs for accurate perceptual localization performance with fewer SH expansion coefficients, this study proposes a frequency dependent HRTFs modeling approach by utilizing a higher-order SH expansion for the frequency regions that play more important roles for sound localization. The reconstructed HRTFs are then evaluated by the auditory model, which could predict psychoacoustic measures of localization performance. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve better HRTF reconstruction for sound source localization with fewer additional SH coefficients, thus can be further used to simplify the complexity of binaural playback for spatial audio applications.
利用球面谐波(SHs)展开对头部相关传递函数(hrtf)建模是解决hrtf相关任务(如插值和双耳渲染)的有效方法。然而,hrtf的精确重建需要大量的SH系数。为了用较少的SH展开系数对hrtf进行精确的感知定位性能建模,本研究提出了一种频率依赖的hrtf建模方法,该方法利用对声音定位起重要作用的频率区域进行高阶SH展开。然后用听觉模型评估重建的hrtf,该模型可以预测定位性能的心理声学测量。实验结果表明,该方法可以在较少附加SH系数的情况下实现较好的声源定位HRTF重构,从而进一步简化空间音频应用中双耳播放的复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
Human Motion Generation Using Variational Recurrent Neural Network 基于变分递归神经网络的人体运动生成
Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1145/3529570.3529588
∗ Human motion control, edit, and synthesis are important tasks to create 3D computer graphics video games or movies, because some characters act like humans in most of them. The purpose of this study is to construct a system which can generate various natural character motions. In this study, we consider that the process of human motion generation is complicated and non-linear, and it can be modeled by deep neural network. Since the motion generation process (deep neural network parameters) cannot be observed di-rectly, it needs to be estimated by learning from observable human motion data recorded by motion capture system. On the other hand, the process of inference which is opposite to the generation is also expressed by deep neural network. And inference and generation are performed for human motion data, and the parameters of the both deep neural networks are optimized based on the criteria that the original motion should be obtained through inference and generation processes. In this study, we constructed a human motion generative model using recurrent neural network and variational autoencoders, and confirmed that various human motions can be generated from a low-dimensional latent space.
人体运动控制、编辑和合成是制作3D电脑图形视频游戏或电影的重要任务,因为在大多数游戏或电影中,有些角色的行为与人类相似。本研究的目的是建立一个能够产生各种自然字符动作的系统。在本研究中,我们认为人体运动产生的过程是复杂的、非线性的,可以用深度神经网络来建模。由于无法直接观察到运动生成过程(深度神经网络参数),需要通过学习运动捕捉系统记录的可观察到的人体运动数据来估计运动生成过程。另一方面,与生成相反的推理过程也用深度神经网络来表达。对人体运动数据进行推理和生成,并根据推理和生成过程应获得原始运动的准则对两种深度神经网络的参数进行优化。在本研究中,我们使用递归神经网络和变分自编码器构建了人体运动生成模型,并证实了从低维潜在空间可以生成各种人体运动。
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引用次数: 0
An Effective Method for Weak Multi-target Detection and Tracking in Clutter Environment 杂波环境下弱多目标检测与跟踪的一种有效方法
Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1145/3529570.3529593
Weak target detection and tracking is a difficult problem, especially in the case of multi-target and strong clutters. Track-before-detect (TBD) is the common method to deal with this problem, and this paper proposes a new effective method based on TBD. Firstly, keystone transform (KT) and phase gradient autofocus (PGA) are used for migration compensation to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of moving targets. Then dynamic programming based TBD (DP-TBD) with joint intensity-spatial CFAR (J-CA-CFAR) is presented for noncoherent integration, where J-CA-CFAR uses both intensity and spatial information to achieve automatic target detection. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated by experimental results on real data.
弱目标的检测与跟踪是一个难点问题,特别是在多目标和强杂波情况下。检测前跟踪(TBD)是处理这一问题的常用方法,本文提出了一种新的基于TBD的有效方法。首先,采用梯形变换(KT)和相位梯度自动聚焦(PGA)进行偏移补偿,提高运动目标的信噪比;针对非相干积分,提出了基于动态规划的强度-空间联合CFAR (J-CA-CFAR) TBD (DP-TBD)算法,其中J-CA-CFAR算法同时利用强度和空间信息实现目标自动检测。最后,通过实际数据的实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Iriscode Matching Comparator to Improve Decidability of Human Iris Recognition 提高虹膜识别可判决性的虹膜码匹配比较器
Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1145/3529570.3529591
Eye iris has been widely recognized as one of the strongest biometrics attributed to its high accuracy performance. However, any compromised event of iris data potentially leads to severe security and privacy issues because the human iris is permanently linked to individuals and not revocable. Excising protection schemes protect the iris data with the expense of decreased accuracy performance. This paper introduces a new protection scheme to generate a protected template from iris data that can be safely store in the database for future authentication. Experiment results showed that the proposed scheme enjoys a particular S-curve property required to offer strong system security while ensuring high system usability in terms of low false acceptance and false rejection rate.
虹膜以其高精度的性能被广泛认为是最强的生物识别技术之一。然而,虹膜数据的任何泄露事件都可能导致严重的安全和隐私问题,因为人的虹膜与个人永久相连,不可撤销。现有的保护方案以降低精度为代价来保护虹膜数据。本文介绍了一种从虹膜数据中生成保护模板的新方案,该模板可以安全地存储在数据库中,以备将来的身份验证。实验结果表明,该方案具有良好的s曲线特性,在保证系统可用性的同时,还具有较低的误接受率和误拒率。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Kindergarten Learning Environment via Interactive Projection Design: A Concept Framework 以互动投影设计提升幼儿园学习环境:一个概念框架
Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1145/3529570.3529585
A child's thoughts, feelings, and conduct will be influenced by their physical environment. The phrase "physical environment" relates to how structures such as classrooms and schools are organised and designed. As a result, a comfortable kindergarten atmosphere is critical for increasing children's productivity, learning, and well-being. The advancement of digital technology has significantly improved the living conditions of children. Create a system that enables children to interact autonomously while learning and provides multiple interactive modalities, as well as intuitive interactive spaces in kindergarten, based on the rapid growth of interactive technology. The purpose of this paper is to identify the planning criteria for specific interactive projection methods used in kindergarten, to present the fundamental design concepts, and to discuss various aspects of the interactive projection mechanism, with the goal of providing a safe living space, entertainment, and learning for children's experience development in terms of motivation, self-involvement, joy, physical needs, communication, and a balanced flow of experiences. It is intended that this conceptual framework would provide some direction for kindergarten instructors and designers in terms of improving the physical environment's quality, particularly in terms of providing interactive environments for children that fulfil current needs.
孩子的思想、感情和行为都会受到他们所处的物质环境的影响。“物理环境”一词与教室和学校等结构的组织和设计方式有关。因此,舒适的幼儿园氛围对提高孩子的生产力、学习能力和幸福感至关重要。数字技术的进步极大地改善了儿童的生活条件。基于互动技术的快速发展,在幼儿园创建一个让孩子在学习中自主互动的系统,提供多种互动方式,以及直观的互动空间。本文的目的是确定在幼儿园中使用的具体互动投影方法的规划标准,提出基本的设计概念,并讨论互动投影机制的各个方面,目的是在动机、自我参与、快乐、身体需求、交流和平衡的体验流方面为儿童的体验发展提供安全的生活空间、娱乐和学习。这一概念框架旨在为幼儿园教师和设计师在改善物理环境质量方面提供一些方向,特别是在为儿童提供满足当前需求的互动环境方面。
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引用次数: 0
Multilinear Compressed Sensing using Tensor Least Angle Regression (T-LARS) 基于张量最小角回归(T-LARS)的多线性压缩感知
Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1145/3529570.3529571
Multilinear compressed sensing generalizes the compressed sensing formulation to tensor signals, where the tensor signal is reconstructed using much fewer samples obtained in a sparse domain by solving a multilinear sparse coding problem. The Kronecker-OMP, a generalization of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) solves the L0 constrained multilinear sparse least-squares problems. However, with the problem dimensions and the number of iterations, the space and computational cost of Kronecker-OMP increase in the polynomial order. Authors have previously developed a generalized least-angle regression(LARS), known as Tensor Least Angle Regression (T-LARS), with a lower asymptotic space and computational complexity than Kronecker-OMP to efficiently solve both L0 and L1 constrained multilinear sparse least-squares problems. In this paper, we used T-LARS to solve multilinear compressed sensing problems and compared the results with Kronecker-OMP, where the T-LARS is 56 times faster than Kronecker-OMP in reconstructing the 3D PET-CT images using compressed sensing samples.
多线性压缩感知将压缩感知公式推广到张量信号中,通过求解多线性稀疏编码问题,利用稀疏域获得的更少样本重构张量信号。Kronecker-OMP是正交匹配追踪(OMP)的推广,它解决了L0约束的多线性稀疏最小二乘问题。然而,随着问题的维度和迭代次数的增加,Kronecker-OMP的空间和计算成本呈多项式级增加。作者先前开发了广义最小角回归(LARS),称为张量最小角回归(T-LARS),具有比Kronecker-OMP更低的渐近空间和计算复杂度,可以有效地解决L0和L1约束的多线性稀疏最小二乘问题。在本文中,我们使用T-LARS来解决多线性压缩感知问题,并将结果与Kronecker-OMP进行了比较,其中T-LARS在使用压缩感知样本重建3D PET-CT图像时比Kronecker-OMP快56倍。
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引用次数: 0
Exploration of Depth Algorithm Applied to Time-Frequency Image Processing Method of ECG Signal 深度算法应用于心电信号时频图像处理方法的探索
Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1145/3529570.3529608
The classification of arrhythmia is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of heart disease. Based on the deep learning algorithm, it has excellent performance in image classification and recognition. The ECG signal is divided into two cases of abnormal interval and abnormal amplitude to perform signal image classification. The time-domain abnormal signal is directly processed into a two-dimensional image set, and the time domain information of the amplitude abnormal signal is Fourier transformed to obtain a two-dimensional time-frequency image set, and different image sets are migrated to VGG16 After the model is reduced by the PCA algorithm, it can clearly distinguish between normal ECG signals and ECG signals with abnormal intervals or amplitude abnormalities. Finally, after a fine-tuned fully connected layer, the abnormal intervals and amplitudes can be obtained. The accuracy rates of abnormal classification were 96.15% and 92.98%, respectively. After the image processing of the ECG signal, this method can effectively distinguish the abnormal signal from the normal signal.
心律失常的分类对心脏病的预防和治疗具有重要意义。该算法基于深度学习算法,在图像分类和识别方面具有优异的性能。将心电信号分为异常间隔和异常幅度两种情况进行信号图像分类。将时域异常信号直接处理成二维图像集,对幅值异常信号的时域信息进行傅里叶变换,得到二维时频图像集,并将不同的图像集迁移到VGG16中,通过PCA算法对模型进行约简后,可以清晰区分正常心电信号和间隔异常或幅值异常的心电信号。最后,经过微调的全连通层,可以得到异常区间和异常幅度。异常分类准确率分别为96.15%和92.98%。该方法对心电信号进行图像处理后,可以有效地区分异常信号和正常信号。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing
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