results Confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis using α and ω coefficients, and two measures of validity (content and criterion validity) were applied. The statistical analyses confirmed an acceptable fit of the three-factor model. The α and ω reliability coefficients were satisfactory, with the highest value for Faith in Humanity, and the lowest one for Kantianism. The validity indices of CVR and CVI indicated that the Polish scale items fit well into the concept of the Light Triad.
{"title":"Psychometric properties and validation of the Polish adaptation of the Light Triad Scale","authors":"Rafał Gerymski, Dariusz Krok","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2019.92960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2019.92960","url":null,"abstract":"results Confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis using α and ω coefficients, and two measures of validity (content and criterion validity) were applied. The statistical analyses confirmed an acceptable fit of the three-factor model. The α and ω reliability coefficients were satisfactory, with the highest value for Faith in Humanity, and the lowest one for Kantianism. The validity indices of CVR and CVI indicated that the Polish scale items fit well into the concept of the Light Triad.","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75549193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article reviews cross-cultural research on personality disorders. The concept of personality disorders is discussed in terms of whether they are universal phenomena or specific to Western society. Then, research on the prevalence of personality disorders in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia is reviewed. The overall rates of the prevalence of personality disorders range from 2.40% to 20.00%. The data document that the prevalence of borderline and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders is the highest, especially in highincome countries. The cross-cultural differences in the prevalence of the specified personality disorders are explained by its influencing factors such as race, ethnicity, social requirements, and the dimension of individualism-collectivism. The occurrence of personality disorders across cultures suggests some degree of psychological unity, and in turn, similarities in the neurobiological mechanisms of personality disorders.
{"title":"Cross-cultural studies on the prevalence of personality disorders","authors":"B. Gawda","doi":"10.5114/CIPP.2018.80200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/CIPP.2018.80200","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews cross-cultural research on personality disorders. The concept of personality disorders is discussed in terms of whether they are universal phenomena or specific to Western society. Then, research on the prevalence of personality disorders in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia is reviewed. The overall rates of the prevalence of personality disorders range from 2.40% to 20.00%. The data document that the prevalence of borderline and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders is the highest, especially in highincome countries. The cross-cultural differences in the prevalence of the specified personality disorders are explained by its influencing factors such as race, ethnicity, social requirements, and the dimension of individualism-collectivism. The occurrence of personality disorders across cultures suggests some degree of psychological unity, and in turn, similarities in the neurobiological mechanisms of personality disorders.","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"44 1","pages":"318-329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90058244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study examines the psychometric properties of the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: structural validity, reliability and external validity. We conducted a study on a sample of 247 high school students, all aged 16. In order to verify hypotheses, scales measuring feeling of loneliness, shyness and self-esteem were administered. As a result of confirmatory factor analyses, it has been demonstrated that the structure of R-UCLA is three-factorial, the factors presents as follows: (1) intimate others, referring to the feeling of exclusion; (2) social others, referring to the lack of closeness and support in relationships; and (3) belonging and affiliation, referring to the lack of community bonds—all of which are reliable in their measurement as well as the total score of R-UCLA. Moreover, we demonstrated that the feeling of loneliness is positively related with shyness and negatively related with self-esteem. The obtained results support using the R-UCLA among Polish adolescents.
{"title":"Analysis of the psychometric properties of the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale in the Polish adolescent sample","authors":"M. M. Kwiatkowska, R. Rogoza, K. Kwiatkowska","doi":"10.5114/CIPP.2017.69681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/CIPP.2017.69681","url":null,"abstract":"The current study examines the psychometric properties of the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: structural validity, reliability and external validity. We conducted a study on a sample of 247 high school students, all aged 16. In order to verify hypotheses, scales measuring feeling of loneliness, shyness and self-esteem were administered. As a result of confirmatory factor analyses, it has been demonstrated that the structure of R-UCLA is three-factorial, the factors presents as follows: (1) intimate others, referring to the feeling of exclusion; (2) social others, referring to the lack of closeness and support in relationships; and (3) belonging and affiliation, referring to the lack of community bonds—all of which are reliable in their measurement as well as the total score of R-UCLA. Moreover, we demonstrated that the feeling of loneliness is positively related with shyness and negatively related with self-esteem. The obtained results support using the R-UCLA among Polish adolescents.","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"19 1","pages":"164-170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84435428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
corresponding author – Kemal Baytemir, Ph.D., Amasya Eğitim Fakültesi, Amasya Üniversitesi, 05100 Amasya, Turkey, e-mail: kemalbaytemir@gmail.com authors’ contributions – A: Study design · B: Data collection · C: Statistical analysis · D: Data interpretation · E: Manuscript preparation · F: Literature search · G: Funds collection to cite this article – Baytemir, K., Demirtaş, A. S., & Yıldız, M. A. (2018). The mediation role of perceived social support in the relationship between interpersonal competence and self-esteem in married individuals. Current Issues in Personality Psychology 6(3), 200–211. received 23.11.2017 · reviewed 18.01.2018 · accepted 12.04.2018 · published 30.05.2018 original article
通讯作者- Kemal Baytemir, Ph.D.， Amasya Eğitim fak ltesi, Amasya Üniversitesi, 05100 Amasya, E -mail: kemalbaytemir@gmail.com作者贡献- A:研究设计·B:数据收集·C:统计分析·D:数据解释·E:稿件准备·F:文献检索·G:论文引用资金募集- Baytemir, K.， demirtau, A. S.， & Yıldız, M. A.(2018)。已婚个体感知社会支持在人际能力与自尊关系中的中介作用。人格心理学研究进展[j] .中国心理科学，2011(3):444 - 444。收稿23.11.2017·审稿18.01.2018·收稿12.04.2018·发表原创文章30.05.2018
{"title":"The mediation role of perceived social support in the relationship between interpersonal competence and self-esteem in married individuals","authors":"Kemal Baytemir, A. Demirtaş, M. Yildiz","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2018.75651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2018.75651","url":null,"abstract":"corresponding author – Kemal Baytemir, Ph.D., Amasya Eğitim Fakültesi, Amasya Üniversitesi, 05100 Amasya, Turkey, e-mail: kemalbaytemir@gmail.com authors’ contributions – A: Study design · B: Data collection · C: Statistical analysis · D: Data interpretation · E: Manuscript preparation · F: Literature search · G: Funds collection to cite this article – Baytemir, K., Demirtaş, A. S., & Yıldız, M. A. (2018). The mediation role of perceived social support in the relationship between interpersonal competence and self-esteem in married individuals. Current Issues in Personality Psychology 6(3), 200–211. received 23.11.2017 · reviewed 18.01.2018 · accepted 12.04.2018 · published 30.05.2018 original article","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"46 1","pages":"200-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90832775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
participants and procedure The questionnaire (KSMK) by Borecka-Biernat to study the strategies for coping with a social conflict situation by adolescents, the Three-Factor State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (TISCO) by Spielberger and Wrześniewski, as well as the Parental Attitudes Scale (SPR) by Plopa were applied in the research. The empirical research was carried out in junior high schools in Wroclaw and neighbouring towns. It covered 493 adolescents (269 girls and 224 boys) aged 13-15 years.
{"title":"The role of emotional reactions and retrospective assessment of parental attitudes in controlling destructive strategies for coping with a social conflict situation by junior high school students","authors":"D. Borecka-Biernat","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2018.75709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2018.75709","url":null,"abstract":"participants and procedure The questionnaire (KSMK) by Borecka-Biernat to study the strategies for coping with a social conflict situation by adolescents, the Three-Factor State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (TISCO) by Spielberger and Wrześniewski, as well as the Parental Attitudes Scale (SPR) by Plopa were applied in the research. The empirical research was carried out in junior high schools in Wroclaw and neighbouring towns. It covered 493 adolescents (269 girls and 224 boys) aged 13-15 years.","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"45 1","pages":"224-241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78761432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taylor E. Hutchison, Alexander M. Penney, Jessica Crompton
Procrastination is the unnecessary delay of a task that subsequently creates anxiety (Rothblum, Solomon, & Maurakami, 1986). Research suggests that procrastination is linked with poorer mental health, but questions remain regarding its association with anxiety disorders. Studies exploring obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and procrastination have found high levels of procrastination in OCD (Ferrari & McCown, 1994), but have also found no association between obsessive thoughts and procrastination (Kağan, Çakır, İlhan, & Kandemir, 2010). Scher and Osterman (2002) found that procrastination correlated with physiological anxiety and social anxiety, but not worry. No previous research has examined the connection between procrastination and health anxiety.A non-clinical university sample (N = 300) completed online self-report questionnaires in order to examine the relationships between procrastination and symptoms of OCD, generalised anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, health anxiety, and panic disorder.Symptoms of panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and health anxiety correlated with levels of procrastination. However, using a multiple regression analysis, only panic disorder symptoms uniquely predicted procrastination.It is proposed that people with panic disorder may procrastinate to avoid anxiety inducing situations, or that individuals who frequently procrastinate may become sensitive to the anxiety caused by procrastination, thereby potentially triggering panic disorder. The full implications of these findings are further discussed.
{"title":"Procrastination and anxiety: Exploring the contributions of multiple anxiety-related disorders","authors":"Taylor E. Hutchison, Alexander M. Penney, Jessica Crompton","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2018.73054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2018.73054","url":null,"abstract":"Procrastination is the unnecessary delay of a task that subsequently creates anxiety (Rothblum, Solomon, & Maurakami, 1986). Research suggests that procrastination is linked with poorer mental health, but questions remain regarding its association with anxiety disorders. Studies exploring obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and procrastination have found high levels of procrastination in OCD (Ferrari & McCown, 1994), but have also found no association between obsessive thoughts and procrastination (Kağan, Çakır, İlhan, & Kandemir, 2010). Scher and Osterman (2002) found that procrastination correlated with physiological anxiety and social anxiety, but not worry. No previous research has examined the connection between procrastination and health anxiety.A non-clinical university sample (N = 300) completed online self-report questionnaires in order to examine the relationships between procrastination and symptoms of OCD, generalised anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, health anxiety, and panic disorder.Symptoms of panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and health anxiety correlated with levels of procrastination. However, using a multiple regression analysis, only panic disorder symptoms uniquely predicted procrastination.It is proposed that people with panic disorder may procrastinate to avoid anxiety inducing situations, or that individuals who frequently procrastinate may become sensitive to the anxiety caused by procrastination, thereby potentially triggering panic disorder. The full implications of these findings are further discussed.","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79919256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Home birth in most developed countries is stigmatised. Negative discourses frame women planning home births as risk mothers who put their desire for a particular birthing experience above the health and safety of their children. As a result, one of the primary challenges home-birthing women face during pregnancy is how to cope with this stigma.This study was conducted in the upper Midwest region of the United States with women who were planning home births with midwives. Eleven women participated in the study. Data included in-depth interviews, participant-observation field notes, and content from one participant’s blog. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis.Participants coped with home birth stigma in three ways: (1) avoidance, (2) engaging in an education campaign, and (3) focusing on a family tradition of home birth. These responses represent both disengagement and engagement approaches to coping. Nine participants exhibited one dominant coping strategy: three relied on avoidance, three on an education campaign, and three on family tradition. Two participants used more than one approach. Both of these participants used avoidance and family tradition.Home birth stigma is a source of chronic stress for women who choose to give birth at home. Women cope with this stress in a number of ways. Interventions to increase women’s coping resources and processes may be helpful. Changing the environment through efforts to destigmatise home birth may reduce the overall stress experienced by home-birthing women and improve their wellbeing.
{"title":"Coping with the stigma of home birth: Strategies of engagement and disengagement","authors":"R. K. Bommarito","doi":"10.5114/CIPP.2018.73055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/CIPP.2018.73055","url":null,"abstract":"Home birth in most developed countries is stigmatised. Negative discourses frame women planning home births as risk mothers who put their desire for a particular birthing experience above the health and safety of their children. As a result, one of the primary challenges home-birthing women face during pregnancy is how to cope with this stigma.This study was conducted in the upper Midwest region of the United States with women who were planning home births with midwives. Eleven women participated in the study. Data included in-depth interviews, participant-observation field notes, and content from one participant’s blog. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis.Participants coped with home birth stigma in three ways: (1) avoidance, (2) engaging in an education campaign, and (3) focusing on a family tradition of home birth. These responses represent both disengagement and engagement approaches to coping. Nine participants exhibited one dominant coping strategy: three relied on avoidance, three on an education campaign, and three on family tradition. Two participants used more than one approach. Both of these participants used avoidance and family tradition.Home birth stigma is a source of chronic stress for women who choose to give birth at home. Women cope with this stress in a number of ways. Interventions to increase women’s coping resources and processes may be helpful. Changing the environment through efforts to destigmatise home birth may reduce the overall stress experienced by home-birthing women and improve their wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87655496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ivanova, Oleg Gorbaniuk, Dovilė Blėkaitytė, Eglė Dovydaitytė, A. A. Čepulienė, Greta Mastauskaitė, R. Ramanauskas, Ugnė Jurgelytė, Ringailė Slapšinskaitė
background The psycholexical approach is based on the assumption that the most important individual differences that people can observe have been encoded into the natural language. Thus, by studying the structure of these lexicons, we are able to identify individual differences that are universal across cultures as well as dimensions that are unique to some of them. The aim of the study was to develop a psycholexical taxonomy of the Lithuanian language including different parts of speech.
{"title":"Do adjectives exhaust the personality lexicon?A psycholexical study of the Lithuanian language","authors":"A. Ivanova, Oleg Gorbaniuk, Dovilė Blėkaitytė, Eglė Dovydaitytė, A. A. Čepulienė, Greta Mastauskaitė, R. Ramanauskas, Ugnė Jurgelytė, Ringailė Slapšinskaitė","doi":"10.5114/CIPP.2018.73987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/CIPP.2018.73987","url":null,"abstract":"background The psycholexical approach is based on the assumption that the most important individual differences that people can observe have been encoded into the natural language. Thus, by studying the structure of these lexicons, we are able to identify individual differences that are universal across cultures as well as dimensions that are unique to some of them. The aim of the study was to develop a psycholexical taxonomy of the Lithuanian language including different parts of speech.","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"13 7","pages":"171-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/CIPP.2018.73987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72427397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical psychology lacks a theoretical framework through which to interpret and apply research findings. This com ment explains the theoretical framework of ethology, a discipline that is extinct in the United States. The ethol ogists Lorenz and Tinbergen developed behavioral systems theory as a means to place the proximal causes of behav iors within the context of adaptive goals. This comment asserts that there are four adaptive goals that motivate human social behavior: attachment/affiliation, caregiving, dominance and sex. Tinbergen developed the four questions of ethology as a complete explanation for behavior. The arti cles in this volume are discussed in terms of behavioral sys tems theory and the four questions of ethology.
{"title":"A unifying theoretical framework for clinical psychology","authors":"L. Leedom","doi":"10.5114/CIPP.2018.80202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/CIPP.2018.80202","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical psychology lacks a theoretical framework through which to interpret and apply research findings. This com ment explains the theoretical framework of ethology, a discipline that is extinct in the United States. The ethol ogists Lorenz and Tinbergen developed behavioral systems theory as a means to place the proximal causes of behav iors within the context of adaptive goals. This comment asserts that there are four adaptive goals that motivate human social behavior: attachment/affiliation, caregiving, dominance and sex. Tinbergen developed the four questions of ethology as a complete explanation for behavior. The arti cles in this volume are discussed in terms of behavioral sys tems theory and the four questions of ethology.","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"470 1","pages":"343-348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77047308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When does self-improvement undermine materialistic tendencies, and when does it strengthen them?","authors":"A. Zawadzka","doi":"10.5114/cipp.2018.72050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2018.72050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"17-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78422725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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