Ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su usmereni ka proveri faktorske strukture i proceni nekih metrijskih karakteristika srpske adaptacije Skale reakcija na ispitivanje. Pored toga, kreirana je i skraćena verzija skale, sa idejom da se na taj način popravi loš fit originalne verzije instrumenta, kao i da se skala učini ekonomičnijom za zadavanje. Uzorak istraživanja činilo je 300 prigodno odabranih studenata, prosečne starosti 22.73 godina. U konfirmatornoj faktorskoj analizi testiran je fit dva modela. Prvi je imao korelirane faktore prvog reda, dok je u drugi model uveden faktor drugog reda. Puna verzija skale imala je loš fit. Međutim, skraćena verzija skale (od po 5 ajtema u svakoj subskali) imala je odličan fit prvog modela (CFI = .96; RMSEA = .048) i neznatno slabiji fit drugog modela (CFI = .95; RMSEA = .055). Skraćena verzija skale sačuvala je zadovoljavajuće koeficijente interne konzistencije (.78 do .91 za subskale i .92 za celu skalu). Skraćena verzija skale pokazala je visoku konvergentnu validnost, kroz visoke korelacije sa Inventarom ispitne anksioznosti. Kao takva, skaćena verzija skale ima svoju upotrebnu vrednost, kako u istraživačkom tako i u obrazovnom kontekstu.
本研究的目的是验证因素结构，并评估塞尔维亚适应量表对研究的反应的一些度量特征。Pored toga，kreirana je i skraćena verzija skale，a idejom da se na taj način apopavi lošfit original ne verzije instrumenta，kao i da se skala učini ekonomičnijom za zadavanje。研究样本为300名经过适当挑选的学生，平均年龄22.73岁。在确认因子分析中，对拟合的两个模型进行了检验。第一个因素与第一行因素相关，而第二行因素被引入。完整版的天平不太合适。然而，缩减版的量表（每个分量表5个ajtes）与第一个模型的拟合度很高（CFI=0.96；RMSEA=0.48），与第二个模型的拟合度较弱（CFI=.95；RMSEA=.055）。缩减版量表保存了令人满意的内部一致性系数（分量表为.78至.91，整个量表为.92）。量表的缩小版通过与Inventar测试的焦虑高度相关而显示出高收敛值。因此，该量表的跳跃版本在研究和教育背景下都有其有用的价值。
{"title":"VALIDACIJA SRPSKE ADAPTACIJE SKALE REAKCIJA NA ISPITIVANJE","authors":"M. Avramović","doi":"10.19090/PP.2019.1.5-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19090/PP.2019.1.5-21","url":null,"abstract":"Ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su usmereni ka proveri faktorske strukture i proceni nekih metrijskih karakteristika srpske adaptacije Skale reakcija na ispitivanje. Pored toga, kreirana je i skraćena verzija skale, sa idejom da se na taj način popravi loš fit originalne verzije instrumenta, kao i da se skala učini ekonomičnijom za zadavanje. Uzorak istraživanja činilo je 300 prigodno odabranih studenata, prosečne starosti 22.73 godina. U konfirmatornoj faktorskoj analizi testiran je fit dva modela. Prvi je imao korelirane faktore prvog reda, dok je u drugi model uveden faktor drugog reda. Puna verzija skale imala je loš fit. Međutim, skraćena verzija skale (od po 5 ajtema u svakoj subskali) imala je odličan fit prvog modela (CFI = .96; RMSEA = .048) i neznatno slabiji fit drugog modela (CFI = .95; RMSEA = .055). Skraćena verzija skale sačuvala je zadovoljavajuće koeficijente interne konzistencije (.78 do .91 za subskale i .92 za celu skalu). Skraćena verzija skale pokazala je visoku konvergentnu validnost, kroz visoke korelacije sa Inventarom ispitne anksioznosti. Kao takva, skaćena verzija skale ima svoju upotrebnu vrednost, kako u istraživačkom tako i u obrazovnom kontekstu.","PeriodicalId":43074,"journal":{"name":"Primenjena Psihologija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42295935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-26DOI: 10.19090/PP.2019.1.47-63
Ivana Strizović
Istraživanje je sprovedeno sa ciljem utvrđivanja organizacijskih faktora koji doprinose razvoju kontraproduktivnih radnih ponašanja. U skladu sa postavkama Teorije samodeterminacije, kao i na osnovu rezultata prethodnih istraživanja, pretpostavljeno je da će percepija veće nesigurnosti posla biti u pozitivnoj vezi sa kontraproduktivnim radnim ponašanjima. Takođe, ovim istraživanjem pretpostavljeno je da će zadovoljstvo poslom biti u negativnoj vezi sa kontraproduktivnim radnim ponašanjima, pri čemu će nezadovoljstvo kolegama i nadređenima biti najznačajnije determinante. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 233 zaposlenih, koji su se razlikovali u odnosu na sociodemografske varijable i tip zaposlenja. Rezultati su ukazali na to da postoji statistički značajna povezanost između zadovoljstva poslom i kontraproduktivnih radnih ponašanja, dok pretpostavka o postojanju značajne povezanosti između učestalosti ispoljavanja kontraproduktivnih radnih ponašanja i percepcije sigurnosti posla nije potvrđena. Iako dobijeni rezultati potvrđuju značaj organizacijskih činilaca u objašnjenju kontraproduktivnih radnih ponašanja, ti činioci objašnjavaju samo mali deo njihove varijanse, te bi buduća istraživanja trebalo da koriste interakcionistički pristup prema kojem se ispoljavanje kontraproduktivnih radnih ponašanja može najbolje predvideti ukoliko su nam poznate osobine ličnosti zaposlenih, kao i karakteristike organizacije.
这项研究旨在确定有助于反生产劳动行为发展的组织因素。根据自我终止的理论以及之前的研究结果，人们认为对工作更大不确定性的感知将与适得其反的工作行为呈正相关。人们还认为，工作的乐趣将与适得其反的劳动行为形成负面关系，同事和上级的分歧是最重要的决定因素。U istraživanju je Učestvovalo 233 zaposlenih，koji su se razlikovali U odnosu na socialdemografske varijabre i tip zaposlenja。结果表明，企业满意度与适得其反的劳动行为之间存在统计学上的显著联系，而适得其反的劳动表现频率与工作安全感之间存在显著联系的假设并未得到证实。尽管所获得的结果证实了组织因素在解释反生产工作行为方面的重要性，但这些因素只解释了它们变化的一小部分，未来的研究应该提供互动途径，如果我们了解员工的个性，就可以更好地预测哪种反生产的工作行为，以及组织的特点。
{"title":"POVEZANOST PERCEPCIJE SIGURNOSTI POSLA I ZADOVOLJSTVA ASPEKTIMA POSLA SA KONTRAPRODUKTIVNIM RADNIM PONAŠANJIMA","authors":"Ivana Strizović","doi":"10.19090/PP.2019.1.47-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19090/PP.2019.1.47-63","url":null,"abstract":"Istraživanje je sprovedeno sa ciljem utvrđivanja organizacijskih faktora koji doprinose razvoju kontraproduktivnih radnih ponašanja. U skladu sa postavkama Teorije samodeterminacije, kao i na osnovu rezultata prethodnih istraživanja, pretpostavljeno je da će percepija veće nesigurnosti posla biti u pozitivnoj vezi sa kontraproduktivnim radnim ponašanjima. Takođe, ovim istraživanjem pretpostavljeno je da će zadovoljstvo poslom biti u negativnoj vezi sa kontraproduktivnim radnim ponašanjima, pri čemu će nezadovoljstvo kolegama i nadređenima biti najznačajnije determinante. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 233 zaposlenih, koji su se razlikovali u odnosu na sociodemografske varijable i tip zaposlenja. Rezultati su ukazali na to da postoji statistički značajna povezanost između zadovoljstva poslom i kontraproduktivnih radnih ponašanja, dok pretpostavka o postojanju značajne povezanosti između učestalosti ispoljavanja kontraproduktivnih radnih ponašanja i percepcije sigurnosti posla nije potvrđena. Iako dobijeni rezultati potvrđuju značaj organizacijskih činilaca u objašnjenju kontraproduktivnih radnih ponašanja, ti činioci objašnjavaju samo mali deo njihove varijanse, te bi buduća istraživanja trebalo da koriste interakcionistički pristup prema kojem se ispoljavanje kontraproduktivnih radnih ponašanja može najbolje predvideti ukoliko su nam poznate osobine ličnosti zaposlenih, kao i karakteristike organizacije.","PeriodicalId":43074,"journal":{"name":"Primenjena Psihologija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48142441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-14DOI: 10.19090/PP.2018.4.399-417
Ilija Milovanović, S. Sadiković, J. Kodžopeljić
An expansion of the mental health research at the end of the 20th century largely places well-being in the focus of interest of contemporary psychological science. However, the state of the art results of behavioral-genetic studies provide a complete framework of the factors that influence the indicators of subjective well-being through the specification of etiology of their relationship. The main aim of this study is to evaluate genetic and environmental factors that contribute to connections among life satisfaction measures and emotional regulation. The study included 182 pairs of twins of both sexes (121 monozygotic and 61 dizygotic twin pairs), aged 18-48. The proportion of individual sources of covariance between the examined phenotypes was tested with a multivariate biometric method. Genetic factors explained a slightly higher variance of life satisfaction (53%), while the environmental factors had a significant role in explaining different types of emotional regulation. General genetic factors were potentially important only in the explanation of the cognitive reappraisal of negative emotions. In other cases, the environmental factors were of the greater importance. An insight into the phenotypic correlations suggests these constructs have low to moderate intercorrelations; likewise genetic factors have a potential significance (45%) merely in the case of two types of cognitive reappraisal of emotions.
{"title":"GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN EMOTION REGULATION AND LIFE SATISFACTION: A TWIN STUDY","authors":"Ilija Milovanović, S. Sadiković, J. Kodžopeljić","doi":"10.19090/PP.2018.4.399-417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19090/PP.2018.4.399-417","url":null,"abstract":"An expansion of the mental health research at the end of the 20th century largely places well-being in the focus of interest of contemporary psychological science. However, the state of the art results of behavioral-genetic studies provide a complete framework of the factors that influence the indicators of subjective well-being through the specification of etiology of their relationship. The main aim of this study is to evaluate genetic and environmental factors that contribute to connections among life satisfaction measures and emotional regulation. The study included 182 pairs of twins of both sexes (121 monozygotic and 61 dizygotic twin pairs), aged 18-48. The proportion of individual sources of covariance between the examined phenotypes was tested with a multivariate biometric method. Genetic factors explained a slightly higher variance of life satisfaction (53%), while the environmental factors had a significant role in explaining different types of emotional regulation. General genetic factors were potentially important only in the explanation of the cognitive reappraisal of negative emotions. In other cases, the environmental factors were of the greater importance. An insight into the phenotypic correlations suggests these constructs have low to moderate intercorrelations; likewise genetic factors have a potential significance (45%) merely in the case of two types of cognitive reappraisal of emotions.","PeriodicalId":43074,"journal":{"name":"Primenjena Psihologija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43884794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-14DOI: 10.19090/PP.2018.4.451-470
Bojana M. Dinić, Željka Nikolašević, M. Oljaca, V. B. Ignjatović
Aggressive and impulsive behaviors have shown sufficient genetic influences and high co-occurrence, thus the question is whether dispositions for these behaviors share unique genetic or environmental contributions. The aim of this research was to explore etiology of phenotypic relationships between aggressiveness and impulsiveness. More precisely, we tested which component of aggressiveness (affective, behavioral, or cognitive) shared the most underlying genetic and environmental influences with impulsiveness. There were applied Serbian adaptation of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire as a measure of three aggressiveness components, and Behavioral Activation System scale from the Revised Sensitivity Theory Questionnaire as a measure of impulsiveness, on a sample of 208 adult twin pairs (132 pairs were monozygotic). Results of a multivariate biometric method showed that the aggressiveness and impulsiveness could be explained by the common additive genetic (6% of impulsiveness and 16- 31% of aggressiveness components), and common non-shared environmental contributions (1% of impulsiveness and 11-47% of aggressiveness components), but those contributions were rather small. An affective component of aggressiveness (anger) showed the most genetic similarity with impulsiveness, indicating that the lack of anger and behavior regulation shared partially the same genetic basis. However, aggressiveness and impulsiveness contained a larger proportion of the specific genetic and environmental effects, which confirmed a distinction between these phenomena.
{"title":"TWIN STUDY OF AGGRESSIVENESS AND IMPULSIVENESS RELATIONSHIP","authors":"Bojana M. Dinić, Željka Nikolašević, M. Oljaca, V. B. Ignjatović","doi":"10.19090/PP.2018.4.451-470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19090/PP.2018.4.451-470","url":null,"abstract":"Aggressive and impulsive behaviors have shown sufficient genetic influences and high co-occurrence, thus the question is whether dispositions for these behaviors share unique genetic or environmental contributions. The aim of this research was to explore etiology of phenotypic relationships between aggressiveness and impulsiveness. More precisely, we tested which component of aggressiveness (affective, behavioral, or cognitive) shared the most underlying genetic and environmental influences with impulsiveness. There were applied Serbian adaptation of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire as a measure of three aggressiveness components, and Behavioral Activation System scale from the Revised Sensitivity Theory Questionnaire as a measure of impulsiveness, on a sample of 208 adult twin pairs (132 pairs were monozygotic). Results of a multivariate biometric method showed that the aggressiveness and impulsiveness could be explained by the common additive genetic (6% of impulsiveness and 16- 31% of aggressiveness components), and common non-shared environmental contributions (1% of impulsiveness and 11-47% of aggressiveness components), but those contributions were rather small. An affective component of aggressiveness (anger) showed the most genetic similarity with impulsiveness, indicating that the lack of anger and behavior regulation shared partially the same genetic basis. However, aggressiveness and impulsiveness contained a larger proportion of the specific genetic and environmental effects, which confirmed a distinction between these phenomena.","PeriodicalId":43074,"journal":{"name":"Primenjena Psihologija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47392656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-14DOI: 10.19090/PP.2018.4.487-502
S. Sadiković, S. Smederevac, D. Mitrović, Ilija Milovanović
The long-term stability of subjective wellbeing has directed an attention to stable dispositions as the probable source of individual differences in the satisfaction with life (SWL). The main objective of this study was to examine the extent of genetic overlap between SWL and personality traits of the five-factor model (FFM). The sample consisted of 121 monozygotic and 61 dizygotic twin pairs (the average age was 24.59, SD = 7.11). Satisfaction with Life Scale and The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PIR) were applied. Multivariate genetic modeling was performed. The results show the most appropriate fit indices for Independent AE model(χ²/df = 1.41, CFI = .92, TLI = .91, RMSEA = .07, AIC = 17400.81, BIC = 17558.68, SRMR = .10). SWL and all NEOPI- R personality traits have a moderate to strong genetic bases, while the common genetic influences for SWL are 40%. The results show that unique environmental contributions are moderate to strong (from 61% for Neuroticism, 41% for SWL, to 23% for Conscientiousness). Genetically driven tendency common to Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness, underlines individual differences in SWL, and therefore a cognitive evaluation of SWL seems to be substantially based on emotional tendencies encompassed by the FFM. Also, SWL appears to be uniquely environmentally influenced, which implies benefits of wellbeing interventions through the process of learning or adopting a different life philosophy.
{"title":"BEHAVIORAL GENETICS FOUNDATIONS OF RELATIONS BETWEEN PERSONALITY TRAITS AND SATISFACTION WITH LIFE","authors":"S. Sadiković, S. Smederevac, D. Mitrović, Ilija Milovanović","doi":"10.19090/PP.2018.4.487-502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19090/PP.2018.4.487-502","url":null,"abstract":"The long-term stability of subjective wellbeing has directed an attention to stable dispositions as the probable source of individual differences in the satisfaction with life (SWL). The main objective of this study was to examine the extent of genetic overlap between SWL and personality traits of the five-factor model (FFM). The sample consisted of 121 monozygotic and 61 dizygotic twin pairs (the average age was 24.59, SD = 7.11). Satisfaction with Life Scale and The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PIR) were applied. Multivariate genetic modeling was performed. The results show the most appropriate fit indices for Independent AE model(χ²/df = 1.41, CFI = .92, TLI = .91, RMSEA = .07, AIC = 17400.81, BIC = 17558.68, SRMR = .10). SWL and all NEOPI- R personality traits have a moderate to strong genetic bases, while the common genetic influences for SWL are 40%. The results show that unique environmental contributions are moderate to strong (from 61% for Neuroticism, 41% for SWL, to 23% for Conscientiousness). Genetically driven tendency common to Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness, underlines individual differences in SWL, and therefore a cognitive evaluation of SWL seems to be substantially based on emotional tendencies encompassed by the FFM. Also, SWL appears to be uniquely environmentally influenced, which implies benefits of wellbeing interventions through the process of learning or adopting a different life philosophy.","PeriodicalId":43074,"journal":{"name":"Primenjena Psihologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41698030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-14DOI: 10.19090/PP.2018.4.419-432
P. Čolović, B. Branovački, Dragana Zgonjanin Bosić
Validation of a twin zygosity-estimating questionnaire, The Questionnaire of Twins’ Physical Resemblance, created by Oniszczenko et al. and used in European and Serbian twin studies, was carried out on a sample of 222 pairs (176 monozygotic, 46 dizygotic) of adult twins (average age 24.6). Four discriminant functions, use of different sets of indicators (zygosity questionnaire items), were applied in order to obtain the most correct and accurate estimates of zygosity. The first function was a predefined function used in European twin studies, the following two functions contained sets of 18 and 24 freely estimated indicators respectively, while the last one utilized the items with most consistent contributions to zygosity prediction. The analytic procedure included cross-validation, whereby the sample was randomly split into two subsamples, comprising 107 and 115 twin pairs. The results pointed to successful (over 90% correct) identification of monozygotic twins, and sizeably lower correctness in identifying dizygotic twins. Overall correctness of estimation exceeded 90%, with the small set of best-performing indicators. The results encourage questionnaire estimation of zygosity, and raise the issue of improving the classification procedure in dizygotic twins.
{"title":"VALIDATION OF ZYGOSITY ASSESSMENT BY A SELF-REPORT QUESTIONNAIRE IN A SAMPLE OF ADULT SERBIAN TWINS","authors":"P. Čolović, B. Branovački, Dragana Zgonjanin Bosić","doi":"10.19090/PP.2018.4.419-432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19090/PP.2018.4.419-432","url":null,"abstract":"Validation of a twin zygosity-estimating questionnaire, The Questionnaire of Twins’ Physical Resemblance, created by Oniszczenko et al. and used in European and Serbian twin studies, was carried out on a sample of 222 pairs (176 monozygotic, 46 dizygotic) of adult twins (average age 24.6). Four discriminant functions, use of different sets of indicators (zygosity questionnaire items), were applied in order to obtain the most correct and accurate estimates of zygosity. The first function was a predefined function used in European twin studies, the following two functions contained sets of 18 and 24 freely estimated indicators respectively, while the last one utilized the items with most consistent contributions to zygosity prediction. The analytic procedure included cross-validation, whereby the sample was randomly split into two subsamples, comprising 107 and 115 twin pairs. The results pointed to successful (over 90% correct) identification of monozygotic twins, and sizeably lower correctness in identifying dizygotic twins. Overall correctness of estimation exceeded 90%, with the small set of best-performing indicators. The results encourage questionnaire estimation of zygosity, and raise the issue of improving the classification procedure in dizygotic twins.","PeriodicalId":43074,"journal":{"name":"Primenjena Psihologija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48892608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-14DOI: 10.19090/PP.2018.4.433-450
L. Klassen, E. F. Eifler, Anke Hufer, R. Riemann
Although many previous studies have emphasized the role of environmental factors, such as parental home and school environment, on achievement motivation, classical twin studies suggest that both additive genetic influences and non-shared environmental influences explain interindividual differences in achievement motivation. By applying a Nuclear Twin Family Design on the data of the German nationally representative of TwinLife study, we analyzed genetic and environmental influences on achievement motivation in adolescents and young adults. As expected, the results provided evidence for the impact of additive genetic variation, non-additive genetic influences, as well as twin specific shared environmental influences. The largest amount of variance was attributed to non-shared environmental influences, showing the importance of individual experiences in forming differences in achievement motivation. Overall, we suggest a revision of models and theories that explain variation in achievement motivation by differences in familial socialization only.
{"title":"WHY DO PEOPLE DIFFER IN THEIR ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION? A NUCLEAR TWIN FAMILY STUDY","authors":"L. Klassen, E. F. Eifler, Anke Hufer, R. Riemann","doi":"10.19090/PP.2018.4.433-450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19090/PP.2018.4.433-450","url":null,"abstract":"Although many previous studies have emphasized the role of environmental factors, such as parental home and school environment, on achievement motivation, classical twin studies suggest that both additive genetic influences and non-shared environmental influences explain interindividual differences in achievement motivation. By applying a Nuclear Twin Family Design on the data of the German nationally representative of TwinLife study, we analyzed genetic and environmental influences on achievement motivation in adolescents and young adults. As expected, the results provided evidence for the impact of additive genetic variation, non-additive genetic influences, as well as twin specific shared environmental influences. The largest amount of variance was attributed to non-shared environmental influences, showing the importance of individual experiences in forming differences in achievement motivation. Overall, we suggest a revision of models and theories that explain variation in achievement motivation by differences in familial socialization only.","PeriodicalId":43074,"journal":{"name":"Primenjena Psihologija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48844354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-14DOI: 10.19090/PP.2018.4.471-486
Milana Jovanov, D. Bosić
The study was conducted on a sample of 171 pairs of adult twins with the aim of determining the level of the genetic and environmental influence on individual differences for an optimal level of arousal (Zuckerman’s sensation seeking construct), and tendencies towards risky behavior (smoking and alcohol abuse). Sensation Seeking Scale and Personal Information Questionnaire were applied. The results have shown that sensation seeking subdimensions belong to the category of highly heritable personality traits (50% - 63%), as well as the smoking addiction (75%). An unshared environmental influence has also proven to be important for these variables. As for the alcohol abuse, it has been proven that it is mostly determined by the effect of the unshared environment (68%). Additionally, the additive genetic factor mainly contributes to covariation between sensation seeking constructs and different risky behaviors.
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Pub Date : 2018-09-25DOI: 10.19090/PP.2018.3.345-364
Andreja Bubić, Nikola Erceg
Potraga za srećom predstavlja jednu od temeljnih ljudskih težnji koja je u posljednje vrijeme privukla pažnju brojnih istraživača zainteresiranih za otkrivanje čimbenika koji utječu na sreću. Za razliku od većine prethodnih istraživanja u ovom području, koja su bila usmjerena isključivo na ispitivanje antecedenata i posljed- ica doživljavanja sreće, u ovom su istraživanju uz pomoć Upit- nika laičkih uvjerenja o uzrocima sreće ispitana implicitna, laička uvjerenja pojedinaca o uzrocima sreće, kao i njihova povezanost s vrijednostima. Uz to, ispitana je važnost spomenutih laičkih uvjerenja o uzrocima sreće i vrijednosti za trenutno doživljenu razinu sreće sudionika. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 401 studenta različitih društvenih i humanističkih studija u Hrvat- skoj. Rezultati faktorske analize Upitnika laičkih uvjerenja o uzro- cima sreće pokazali su petfaktorsku strukturu ovog instrumenta, pri čemu su kao zasebni faktori, odnosno mogući uzroci sreće izdvojena životna postignuća, dostupnost luksuza, socijalna pot- pora, osobne snage, te zdravlje i sigurnost koji su pokazali samo umjerene korelacije s vrijednostima pojedinaca. Na kraju, rezultati hijerarhijske regresijske analize izdvojili su vrijednost otvorenosti za promjene te socijalnu potporu koja predstavlja mogući uzrok sreće kao značajne prediktore trenutne sreće sudionika. Dobi- veni rezultati proširuju i nadopunjuju prethodne nalaze u ovom području i pokazuju kako laička uvjerenja o sreći i vrijednosti imaju određeni, relativno skromni doprinos doživljaju sreće.
{"title":"ZNAMO LI ŠTO NAS ČINI SRETNIMA? VAŽNOST LAIČKIH UVJERENJA O UZROCIMA SREĆE I VRIJEDNOSTI ZA DOŽIVLJAJ SREĆE","authors":"Andreja Bubić, Nikola Erceg","doi":"10.19090/PP.2018.3.345-364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19090/PP.2018.3.345-364","url":null,"abstract":"Potraga za srećom predstavlja jednu od temeljnih ljudskih težnji koja je u posljednje vrijeme privukla pažnju brojnih istraživača zainteresiranih za otkrivanje čimbenika koji utječu na sreću. Za razliku od većine prethodnih istraživanja u ovom području, koja su bila usmjerena isključivo na ispitivanje antecedenata i posljed- ica doživljavanja sreće, u ovom su istraživanju uz pomoć Upit- nika laičkih uvjerenja o uzrocima sreće ispitana implicitna, laička uvjerenja pojedinaca o uzrocima sreće, kao i njihova povezanost s vrijednostima. Uz to, ispitana je važnost spomenutih laičkih uvjerenja o uzrocima sreće i vrijednosti za trenutno doživljenu razinu sreće sudionika. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 401 studenta različitih društvenih i humanističkih studija u Hrvat- skoj. Rezultati faktorske analize Upitnika laičkih uvjerenja o uzro- cima sreće pokazali su petfaktorsku strukturu ovog instrumenta, pri čemu su kao zasebni faktori, odnosno mogući uzroci sreće izdvojena životna postignuća, dostupnost luksuza, socijalna pot- pora, osobne snage, te zdravlje i sigurnost koji su pokazali samo umjerene korelacije s vrijednostima pojedinaca. Na kraju, rezultati hijerarhijske regresijske analize izdvojili su vrijednost otvorenosti za promjene te socijalnu potporu koja predstavlja mogući uzrok sreće kao značajne prediktore trenutne sreće sudionika. Dobi- veni rezultati proširuju i nadopunjuju prethodne nalaze u ovom području i pokazuju kako laička uvjerenja o sreći i vrijednosti imaju određeni, relativno skromni doprinos doživljaju sreće.","PeriodicalId":43074,"journal":{"name":"Primenjena Psihologija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47251642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-25DOI: 10.19090/pp.2018.3.259-284
A. Genc, Jasmina Pekić, Isidora Rajić, Jovana Obradović
Socijalna podrška tugujućim osobama predstavlja važnu psiho- lošku oblast, koja se u nekoliko poslednjih decenija nalazi u foku- su sve većeg broja empirijskih studija. Međutim, u domaćoj nauci fenomen pružanja verbalne podrške ožalošćenima tek počinje da se uvodi u repertoar istraživačkih problema. Stoga je osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja bio pionirski poduhvat, koji je podrazume- vao konstruisanje upitnika za ispitivanje suportivnog potencijala poruka koje neposredno socijalno okruženje uobičajeno upućuje pojedincima u procesu žaljenja zbog smrti bliske osobe. Pored Upitnika podrške tugujućima, u radu su prikazane faktorska struk- tura, kao i psihometrijske karakteristike novokonstruisanog instru- menta. Drugi cilj istraživanja odnosio se na utvrđivanje stepena (ne)korisnosti različitih poruka upućenih ožalošćenima, a ispitan je i odnos između doživljene korisnosti poruka i stepena njihove usmerenosti na tugujuću osobu. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na prigodnom uzorku od 301 ispitanika. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na to da se radi o validnom i pouzdanom instrumentu, čija se kom- pozitn1a struktura sastoji od pet dimenzija: Socijalna podrška, Minimiziranje osećanja tugujućeg, Isticanje religijske perspektive, Komplimentiranje i normalizacija osećanja tugujućeg i Nuđenje konkretne pomoći. Drugi deo rezultata potvrđuje očekivanje da stepen usmerenosti na osobu predstavlja odgovarajuće teorijsko objašnjenje različitog intenziteta delotvornosti poruka upućenih osobama u procesu tugovanja.
对悲伤者的社会支持是一个重要的心理和不良领域，在过去几十年中一直是人们关注的焦点——这是数量最多的实证研究。然而，国内科学界才刚刚开始向悲伤的人们介绍一系列研究问题的口头支持。Stoga je osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja bio pionirski poduhwat，koji je podrazume-vao konstruisanje upitnika za ispitivanje suportivno potentijala poruka koje neposredno socijalno okruženje uobičajeno upućuje pojedincima u procsužaljenja zbog smrti bliske osobe。除了申诉人的支持外，作品中还展示了因素结构以及新建立的本能的心理测量特征。研究的第二个目标是确定受害者使用不同信息的情况，并研究了信息的益处与他们对悲伤者的决心程度之间的关系。这项研究是在301名受试者的适当样本上进行的。结果表明，它是一个有效和可靠的工具，由五个维度的正1结构组成：社会支持、减少悲伤、宗教强调、悲伤和具体援助的互补和正常化。结果的第二部分证实了这样一种预期，即与个人相称的程度是对投诉过程中针对个人的信息参与程度不同的适当理论解释。
{"title":"KONSTRUKCIJA UPITNIKA PODRŠKE TUGUJUĆIMA: PROVERA FAKTORSKE STRUKTURE I METRIJSKIH KARAKTERISTIKA","authors":"A. Genc, Jasmina Pekić, Isidora Rajić, Jovana Obradović","doi":"10.19090/pp.2018.3.259-284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19090/pp.2018.3.259-284","url":null,"abstract":"Socijalna podrška tugujućim osobama predstavlja važnu psiho- lošku oblast, koja se u nekoliko poslednjih decenija nalazi u foku- su sve većeg broja empirijskih studija. Međutim, u domaćoj nauci fenomen pružanja verbalne podrške ožalošćenima tek počinje da se uvodi u repertoar istraživačkih problema. Stoga je osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja bio pionirski poduhvat, koji je podrazume- vao konstruisanje upitnika za ispitivanje suportivnog potencijala poruka koje neposredno socijalno okruženje uobičajeno upućuje pojedincima u procesu žaljenja zbog smrti bliske osobe. Pored Upitnika podrške tugujućima, u radu su prikazane faktorska struk- tura, kao i psihometrijske karakteristike novokonstruisanog instru- menta. Drugi cilj istraživanja odnosio se na utvrđivanje stepena (ne)korisnosti različitih poruka upućenih ožalošćenima, a ispitan je i odnos između doživljene korisnosti poruka i stepena njihove usmerenosti na tugujuću osobu. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na prigodnom uzorku od 301 ispitanika. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na to da se radi o validnom i pouzdanom instrumentu, čija se kom- pozitn1a struktura sastoji od pet dimenzija: Socijalna podrška, Minimiziranje osećanja tugujućeg, Isticanje religijske perspektive, Komplimentiranje i normalizacija osećanja tugujućeg i Nuđenje konkretne pomoći. Drugi deo rezultata potvrđuje očekivanje da stepen usmerenosti na osobu predstavlja odgovarajuće teorijsko objašnjenje različitog intenziteta delotvornosti poruka upućenih osobama u procesu tugovanja.","PeriodicalId":43074,"journal":{"name":"Primenjena Psihologija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42432254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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