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Democracy and Inclusive Education Policy in Post-1994 South African Schools: Goal, Tension, and Struggle 1994年后南非学校的民主与全纳教育政策:目标、紧张与斗争
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i2a8
Limakatso Seeko, Thokozani Mathebula
Globally, the idea of inclusive democracy is synonymous with the participation, deliberation, and representation of citizens in the management of the affairs of nation-states. In the light of this global picture, South Africa's constitutional democracy and its inclusive education policy ensure the right to education for school-going children (from foundation, to the intermediate and senior phases). Unfortunately, the zones of exclusion (i.e. difficulties to exercise the right to education) have shown that in post-apartheid South African schools, inclusive education gains have not been enjoyed by the intended recipients-the learners. This means that despite the formalisation of inclusive education policies by the state, substantive inclusion (i.e. active participation, deliberative engagement, and participatory representation) remains a distant dream for many school-going children in South Africa. Against this backdrop, the authors show that formal inclusive policy in schools in South Africa is split between social changes on one hand, and political democracy on the other. Consequently, the authors support the call for a continual struggle by (or for) educable learners who fall within the zones of exclusion in post-1994 South Africa. Ultimately, the authors argue that the realisation of substantive inclusive education depends on the protests of the excluded, who struggle in the interstices of zones of exclusion that have created and deepened the gulf between the ideal and the achievement because democratic inclusive education is at a crossroad; it is extended and dragged in opposite directions in post-1994 South Africa schools.
在全球范围内,包容性民主的概念等同于公民在民族国家事务管理中的参与、审议和代表。鉴于这一全球形势,南非的宪政民主及其包容性教育政策确保了学龄儿童(从基础教育到初中和高中阶段)的受教育权。不幸的是,排斥区(即难以行使受教育权)表明,在种族隔离后的南非学校,全纳教育的成果并没有被预期的接受者——学习者——享受到。这意味着,尽管国家制定了包容性教育政策,但对南非许多学龄儿童来说,实质性的包容性(即积极参与、审慎参与和参与性代表)仍然是一个遥远的梦想。在这种背景下,作者表明,南非学校的正式包容性政策一方面是社会变革,另一方面是政治民主。因此,作者支持呼吁(或支持)在1994年后南非被排斥的可受教育的学习者继续斗争。最后,作者认为,实质性全纳教育的实现取决于被排斥者的抗议,他们在排斥区域的间隙中挣扎,这已经造成并加深了理想与成就之间的鸿沟,因为民主的全纳教育正处于十字路口;在1994年后的南非学校里,它被向相反的方向延伸和拖拽。
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引用次数: 0
Lessons Learnt From Facilitating Action Learning With Youth Facing Multiple Adversities 促进青年面对多重逆境的行动学习的经验教训
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i2a1
Lesley Wood, Samantha Kahts-Kramer, Rod Waddington, Marinda Neethling
Action learning has proven to be an effective change process in the field of organisational development, where it originated. However, can it work equally well with young people who face intersectional adversities that negatively affect their holistic well-being, sense of purpose, and self-worth? This paper presents the case of a participatory action learning and action research project that we considered a failure because, after eight months of working with eight youth rendered vulnerable by sociostructural oppression, group cohesion and collaboration towards a common purpose did not materialise. Our analysis of three focus groups conducted with the youth after the engagement, various electronic communications with and between them, and our own reflections as facilitators, taught us some harsh lessons about the complexities of working with such vulnerable populations. Through critical reflection on the lessons learnt, we aim to "fail forward" in true action learning style. Therefore, we offer our learning to assist others working with similar groups to avoid the mistakes we made.
在组织发展领域,行动学习已被证明是一种有效的变革过程。然而,对于那些面临负面影响他们整体福祉、目标感和自我价值的交叉逆境的年轻人来说,它能同样有效吗?本文介绍了一个参与式行动学习和行动研究项目的案例,我们认为这个项目失败了,因为在与8名因社会结构压迫而变得脆弱的青年一起工作8个月后,团体凝聚力和朝着共同目标的合作并没有实现。我们对参与后与青年进行的三个焦点小组的分析,与他们之间的各种电子通信,以及我们自己作为调解人的反思,让我们对与这些弱势群体合作的复杂性有了一些深刻的认识。通过对经验教训的批判性反思,我们的目标是以真正的行动学习方式“失败前进”。因此,我们提供我们的学习,以帮助其他人在类似的小组工作,以避免我们所犯的错误。
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引用次数: 0
Leading for Sustainability and Empowerment: Reflecting on the Power of Collaboration and Humanising Pedagogy 领导可持续发展和赋权:反思合作和人性化教学的力量
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i2a6
Heloise Sathorar, Deidre Geduld, Muki Moeng, Tobeka Mapasa, Helena Oosthuizen
The Covid-19 pandemic caused great distress in the higher education sector, globally. Higher education institutions had to adapt from presenting in-person classes to online remote learning, bringing with this several challenges of increased workloads, feelings of loss, grief, and being overwhelmed for both students and academic staff. Leading in times of crisis is not easy. It is even more difficult for women leaders who must deal with the historical impact of gender inequality in the workplace as well as the stereotypical views of the role of women. In this paper, five women academics who also hold leadership positions in the faculty of education at Nelson Mandela University reflect on their experience of leading their respective teams through the Covid-19 pandemic. Researchers have postulated that women in strategic leadership positions would better understand work policy obstacles owing to their knowledge of such barriers, as well as advancing the educational outcomes for all stakeholders in higher education. As women in leadership, we reflect on how collaboration assisted us to empower each other as well as our respective teams. The characteristics of democratic leadership guided this inquest. A critical paradigm and humanising pedagogy principles were used to frame the study, which enabled us to draw on our lived experiences and to engage in dialogue in order to make sense of the process of empowerment for sustainability. We engaged in collaborative self-study and used narrative freewriting to generate data. In addition, use was made of a thematic analysis to reduce the data and identify common themes. The findings of the study question whether current leadership practices contribute to equality in the workplace, support collaboration, and encourage self-care and empowerment. The study proposes a humanising leadership model to enhance leadership practices.
2019冠状病毒病大流行给全球高等教育部门带来了巨大的痛苦。高等教育机构必须从现场授课转变为在线远程学习,这带来了工作量增加、失落感、悲伤感以及学生和学术人员不堪重负等挑战。在危机时期担任领导并不容易。对于女性领导者来说,更困难的是,她们必须应对工作场所性别不平等的历史影响,以及对女性角色的刻板印象。在本文中,五名在纳尔逊·曼德拉大学教育学院担任领导职务的女学者回顾了她们领导各自团队度过Covid-19大流行的经历。研究人员假设,处于战略领导地位的女性会更好地理解工作政策障碍,因为她们了解这些障碍,并为高等教育的所有利益相关者推进教育成果。作为女性领导者,我们反思合作如何帮助我们相互授权以及我们各自的团队。民主领导的特点指导了这次调查。一个关键的范式和人性化的教学原则被用来构建研究,这使我们能够借鉴我们的生活经验,并参与对话,以理解赋予可持续发展权力的过程。我们进行协作式自学,并使用叙述性自由写作来生成数据。此外,还利用专题分析来减少数据和确定共同主题。研究结果质疑当前的领导实践是否有助于工作场所的平等、支持合作、鼓励自我照顾和授权。该研究提出了一个人性化的领导模式,以加强领导实践。
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引用次数: 0
Grade 4 Rural Learners' Views and Learning Experiences That Address Social Justice in Postapartheid South Africa 四年级农村学生对种族隔离后南非社会正义的看法和学习经验
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i2a7
Hlamulo Mbhiza, Thabisile Nkambule
The complexity and dynamic nature of rural contexts and schools present intricacies for teaching and learning practices, understanding the challenges learners experience, as well as the overall educational achievements within the South African context. We argue that learning is fundamentally a social phenomenon that occurs within communities, making it important to explore the strengths, diversity, as well as learning challenges presented by the rural context to learners given that they learn in rural schools and classrooms daily. The symbolic interactionism framework was used to understand emergent meanings in the process of interacting with primary school learners, and how learners made sense of their experiences of learning in rural schools. A qualitative phenomenological research methodology was espoused to unearth learners' experiences of the rural contextual conditions in relation to learning. Photo-elicitation group interviews were used to collect data from eight learners from three different schools, and the data were analysed using a thematic approach. The findings revealed that children are aware of the conditions that shape their learning in rural schools. The information provided by the learners shows that much is yet to be done by the postapartheid government to address issues of equity and social justice through education in South Africa.
农村环境和学校的复杂性和动态性为教学实践、理解学习者经历的挑战以及南非环境下的整体教育成就带来了复杂性。我们认为,学习从根本上来说是一种发生在社区内的社会现象,因此,鉴于学习者每天都在农村学校和教室学习,探索农村环境给学习者带来的优势、多样性和学习挑战非常重要。使用符号互动主义框架来理解小学生在与小学生互动过程中的涌现意义,以及小学生如何理解他们在农村学校的学习体验。采用质性现象学的研究方法,挖掘学习者对乡村语境条件的学习体验。使用图片启发小组访谈收集来自三所不同学校的八名学习者的数据,并使用主题方法对数据进行分析。调查结果显示,孩子们意识到影响他们在农村学校学习的条件。学习者提供的信息表明,后种族隔离政府在南非通过教育解决公平和社会正义问题方面还有很多工作要做。
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引用次数: 0
My Pedagogical Becoming as a Stellenbosch University Residential Educator During the Covid-19 Pandemic 在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,我成为斯泰伦博斯大学住宿教育者的教学方式
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i2a3
Joy Petersen
This article explores my pedagogical becoming through the enactment of a residential education and support programme (RESP) at Stellenbosch University (SU). I co-created the RESP with nine women students who remained in a university residence with me during the Covid-19 pandemic. The RESP focused on the relationality and interrelationships that transpired at the nexus of the institution, the students, and me. I propose that this RESP acted as catalyst for the transmission and acquisition of valuable qualities and dispositions-what Barnett (2009) referred to as epistemic virtues-which are vital to knowledge acquisition in higher education. This article uses an autoethnography approach to capture my personal experiences against the sociocultural backdrop of residential learning and living at SU before, during, and after the pandemic. Narrative prose expressing my embodied emotional, spiritual, and intellectual self (Bochner & Ellis, 1992), and emotional recall were the primary data sources, which I analysed against van Manen's (1982, 1994) conceptualisation of the pedagogical relation and Tronto's (2015) principles of care ethics. Both those authors emphasised the centrality of the pedagogical relation for good and effective teaching. This article demonstrates how an institutional care-based response to the pandemic enacted at one residence (at a university with an erstwhile separatist educational agenda) can surpass its legacy momentarily to point the way towards the possibility of inclusive transformation at such an institution. Furthermore, this article demonstrates how nurturing pedagogical relationships based on care can effectively cultivate and transmit valuable qualities and dispositions (epistemic virtues), and why these are important in our current supercomplex (Barnett, 2007) and fast-changing world. I offer the claim that the acquisition of these epistemic virtues by students holds promise for providing them the key to unlocking an education for life.
本文通过在斯泰伦博斯大学(SU)实施住宿教育和支持计划(RESP)来探讨我的教学方式。我和九名女学生共同创建了RESP,她们在Covid-19大流行期间和我一起住在大学宿舍里。RESP关注的是机构、学生和我之间的关系和相互关系。我认为,这种RESP是传递和获得有价值的品质和性格的催化剂,Barnett(2009)将其称为认知美德,这对高等教育中的知识获取至关重要。这篇文章使用了一种自我民族志的方法来捕捉我在大流行之前,期间和之后在SU居住学习和生活的社会文化背景下的个人经历。叙事性散文,表达我所体现的情感、精神和智力自我(博什纳&;Ellis, 1992)和情感回忆是主要的数据来源,我对van Manen(1982, 1994)的教学关系概念化和Tronto(2015)的护理伦理原则进行了分析。这两位作者都强调了良好和有效教学的教学关系的中心地位。本文展示了在一个住所(在一所过去具有分离主义教育议程的大学)制定的基于机构护理的流行病应对措施如何能够暂时超越其遗产,为这样一个机构实现包容性转型的可能性指明道路。此外,本文还展示了基于关爱的教学关系如何有效地培养和传递有价值的品质和性格(认知美德),以及为什么这些在我们当前的超复杂(Barnett, 2007)和快速变化的世界中很重要。我提出的主张是,学生获得这些认识上的美德,就有希望为他们提供开启终身教育的钥匙。
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引用次数: 0
Humanising Online Teaching and Learning in the BEd. Foundation Phase Programme: Moving Beyond Covid-19 人性化的在线教学和学习在床上。基础阶段项目:超越Covid-19
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i2a5
Deidre Geduld, Koketsu Nthimbane, Obakeng Kagola
Covid-19 brought unforeseen and unpredicted challenges to higher education institutions (HEIs). In this paper, we recount the authors' experiences of exploring a humanising pedagogy as a way of practising social justice during online learning. Our Bachelor of Education, Foundation Phase (FP) classes consist of students from predominantly rural and urban low socioeconomic environments. The primary focus of this study was to explore the experiences of lecturers who teach a humanising pedagogy-embedded programme in the FP at an HEI through online learning in a highly under-resourced context. The study further focuses on technological strategies and pedagogies used in HEIs, issues related to lecturers' inclination and adaptation to technology, the digital divide, and barriers to online learning. This study resides within a critical transformative paradigm, and uses humanising pedagogy principles as a lens. We draw on our lived experiences and engage in dialogue to make sense of the process of online learning. In this qualitative research, we engage in narrative freewriting to gather data. Thematic analysis was used to reduce the data and to identify common themes. The two themes that emerged, and are discussed in this paper, are mutual vulnerability and lecturer resilience and collaboration. The findings of the study encouraged lecturers to critically reflect on the challenges and opportunities that Covid-19 presented, and to incorporate some of the practices that enabled better delivery of teaching in a humanising way.
新冠肺炎疫情给高校带来了难以预料的挑战。在本文中,我们叙述了作者探索人性化教学法作为在线学习中实践社会正义的一种方式的经验。我们的教育学士,基础阶段(FP)班的学生主要来自农村和城市低社会经济环境。本研究的主要重点是探讨在资源严重不足的情况下,在高等教育学院通过在线学习教授人文教学法嵌入式课程的讲师的经验。该研究进一步关注了高等教育机构使用的技术策略和教学法、与讲师对技术的倾向和适应有关的问题、数字鸿沟以及在线学习的障碍。这项研究驻留在一个关键的变革范式,并使用人性化的教育学原则作为镜头。我们借鉴我们的生活经验,并参与对话,使在线学习的过程有意义。在这个定性研究中,我们从事叙事自由写作来收集数据。专题分析用于减少数据并确定共同主题。出现的两个主题,并在本文中讨论,是相互脆弱性和讲师弹性和协作。研究结果鼓励教师批判性地反思2019冠状病毒病带来的挑战和机遇,并采用一些能够以人性化方式更好地提供教学的做法。
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引用次数: 0
Reflecting on Teaching in the Higher Education Context During the Covid-19 Era: A Collaborative Self-Study Project 新冠肺炎时代高等教育教学反思——协同自学项目
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i2a4
Makie Kortjass, Ntokozo Mkhize-Mthembu
The advent of the Covid-19 pandemic created unimaginable upheaval, uncertainty, and even hostility in the education system, worldwide. Teacher educators in higher education settings were compelled to interact with their students using online platforms to ensure the continuation of teaching and learning. However, the effectiveness of that approach has been questioned. This article presents the narratives of two South African teacher educators who explored pedagogical approaches using such digital platforms. We created collages, concept maps, and a pantoum poem to reflect on our teacher educator practices during the initial and ensuing levels of the Covid-19 lockdown period to provide guidelines for such approaches in the aftermath of the pandemic. We gained various insights into future teaching practices using arts-based media and platforms such as WhatsApp, Moodle, Zoom, and Microsoft Teams. The sociocultural theoretical perspective underpinned this self-study project. This theoretical approach highlights the importance of working together in educational settings to create knowledge and make sense of teaching and learning experiences. We discovered that the transition to digital platforms presented both advantages and disadvantages for our teaching. In the latter instance, we found that teaching and learning using digital platforms were rendered inefficient for students from rural settings who were computer illiterate and who had limited access to technology and the internet. However, by conducting workshops, engaging in collaborative initiatives, and appropriating feedback from various role players, we gained understanding of ways to support our students and address their diverse needs. In light of these findings, we recommend intensified teacher educator collaboration and sharing to reimagine and reshape teaching and learning in the higher education teacher training context in the post-Covid-19 era.
Covid-19大流行的到来给全球教育系统带来了难以想象的动荡、不确定性,甚至敌意。高等教育中的教师教育工作者被迫使用在线平台与学生互动,以确保教与学的持续进行。然而,这种做法的有效性受到质疑。本文介绍了两位南非教师教育工作者的故事,他们探索了使用这种数字平台的教学方法。我们制作了拼贴画、概念图和一首全景诗,以反思我们在Covid-19封锁初期和随后阶段的教师教育实践,为大流行后的此类方法提供指导。我们使用基于艺术的媒体和平台(如WhatsApp, Moodle, Zoom和Microsoft Teams)获得了对未来教学实践的各种见解。社会文化理论视角是这个自学项目的基础。这种理论方法强调了在教育环境中共同创造知识和理解教学和学习经验的重要性。我们发现,向数字平台的过渡对我们的教学既有好处也有坏处。在后一种情况下,我们发现使用数字平台的教学和学习对于来自农村地区的学生来说效率低下,这些学生不懂电脑,而且接触技术和互联网的机会有限。然而,通过举办研讨会,参与合作倡议,以及从不同角色参与者那里获得反馈,我们了解了支持学生和满足他们不同需求的方法。根据这些发现,我们建议加强教师与教育工作者的合作与分享,以重新构想和重塑后covid -19时代高等教育教师培训背景下的教与学。
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引用次数: 0
Transitioning Between Spaces: An Intersectional Account of how We are Becoming Academics 空间之间的过渡:我们如何成为学者的交叉叙述
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i2a2
Vusi Msiza, Nosipho Mbatha, Nokukhanya Ndlovu
In this paper, we, as early career academics, share how our identities and transitioning between spaces contribute to our becoming. Using storyboarding, we draw on intersectionality and liminal theories to examine how our identities and our transition between the liminal and dominant spaces have influenced our identity construction and shaped our becoming. We learn that our identities are in a state of constant construction and that the academic spaces we have transitioned between are, and have been, significant to our becoming.
在本文中,作为早期职业学者,我们分享了我们的身份和空间之间的过渡如何影响我们的成长。使用故事板,我们利用交叉性和阈限理论来研究我们的身份以及我们在阈限和主导空间之间的过渡如何影响我们的身份构建并塑造我们的成长。我们了解到,我们的身份处于不断建构的状态,我们在其间转换的学术空间对我们的成长至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Mending the Research-Policy-Practice Gap: Conceptualising Research as Social Change in Education 弥补研究-政策-实践的差距:将研究概念化为教育中的社会变革
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i2a9
Shyam Anand Singh, Ching Leen Chiam, David Jun-Song Huang, Wei Loong David Hung
There is a widely acknowledged gap between research, policy, and practice owing to a lack of capacity to translate and mobilise research results to end-users including policymakers, practitioners, and community members. Acknowledging the divide amongst researchers, policymakers, and practitioners, this conceptual paper seeks to address the following: How do we devise ways to strengthen the research-policy-practice nexus in the education landscape such that research institutions can better attend to the needs of policymakers and practitioners? How can we facilitate greater interaction among researchers, policymakers, practitioners, and other stakeholders to create a common understanding of the challenges, needs, and what works for all stakeholders? To do this, we propose a new approach that employs research as a mechanism for social change and uses the consciousness of the self as a resource for research. More specifically, we develop a framework that facilitates the conditions for the mutual understanding of norms, operational roles, academic rigour, and policy and practice outcomes among all stakeholders. Additionally, this framework seeks to foster increased inter-stakeholder conversations and dialogues to narrow the divide between researchers and policymakers and, correspondingly, improve policy translations from academic research.
由于缺乏将研究成果转化和动员给最终用户(包括决策者、从业者和社区成员)的能力,研究、政策和实践之间存在着广泛承认的差距。承认研究者、政策制定者和实践者之间的分歧,这篇概念性论文试图解决以下问题:我们如何设计方法来加强教育领域的研究-政策-实践联系,使研究机构能够更好地满足政策制定者和实践者的需求?我们如何促进研究人员、政策制定者、从业者和其他利益相关者之间更大的互动,以形成对挑战、需求和对所有利益相关者有效的方法的共同理解?为了做到这一点,我们提出了一种新的方法,将研究作为社会变革的机制,并将自我意识作为研究的资源。更具体地说,我们开发了一个框架,为所有利益相关者之间对规范、操作角色、学术严谨性以及政策和实践成果的相互理解创造了条件。此外,该框架旨在促进更多的利益相关者之间的对话和对话,以缩小研究人员和政策制定者之间的鸿沟,并相应地改善学术研究的政策翻译。
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引用次数: 0
Parent-Practitioner Collaboration to Support Sustainable Development in Early Years Education 家长-从业员合作支持幼儿教育的可持续发展
IF 0.5 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i1a2
Stef Esterhulzen, Martie Uys, Nomsa Mohosho
This article stems from a research project in five early childhood development (ECD) centres in South Africa, and focuses on parent-practitioner collaboration for sustainable development in early years education. Using a qualitative approach, we followed a participatory action learning and action research (PALAR) design to answer the main research question: "How can parent-practitioner collaboration support education for sustainable development in the early years?" Participants formed an action learning set (ALS) in which they acted as co-researchers and equal partners to construct their own meanings in order to advocate for social change. Data were collected in the ALS during Cycle 3 of the PALAR process. We relied on transcribed, recorded ALS discussions and photovoice activities to generate data, and used thematic content analysis to collaboratively analyse the data. Our findings disclose that education for sustainable development is possible when parents and practitioners collaborate.
本文源于南非五个幼儿发展中心的一个研究项目,重点关注父母与从业者合作促进幼儿教育的可持续发展。使用定性方法,我们遵循参与式行动学习和行动研究(PALAR)的设计来回答主要的研究问题:“父母与从业者的合作如何在早期支持可持续发展的教育?”参与者形成了一个行动学习集合(ALS),在该集合中,他们作为共同研究者和平等的伙伴,构建自己的意义,以倡导社会改变在PALAR过程的第3周期期间,在ALS中收集数据。我们依靠转录、记录的ALS讨论和照片语音活动来生成数据,并使用主题内容分析来协作分析数据。我们的研究结果表明,当家长和从业者合作时,可持续发展教育是可能的。
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引用次数: 0
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Educational Research for Social Change
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