Entrepreneurship has been attributed to a masculine career in many economies. Rwanda was no exception to the discrimination of women in entrepreneurship. Due to gender, stereotype, and patriarchy, Rwandan women were not free in deciding to participate in entrepreneurial feminism. Some women became liberalists to break the glass ceiling to launch entrepreneurial feminism. They faced constraints that included a lack of entrepreneurship skills, market opportunity, and fear of failure. This article aimed to explore how gender affects new entrepreneurial feminism creation in Kigali. A quantitative approach used to collect survey data from 409 women-owned SMEs in Kigali were selected purposively. The findings indicated that most women-owned SMEs in Kigali started a necessary business due to unemployment. In contrast, those who needed time to care for their family while generating income launched the opportunity business. (64.3%) accepted permission from partners to start a business. While (24.9%) broke the glass ceiling. A lack of entrepreneurship skills was the major constraint they faced.
{"title":"Entrepreneurial feminism in Kigali","authors":"Visvanathan Naicker, Simon Nsengimana","doi":"10.48132/hdbr.323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48132/hdbr.323","url":null,"abstract":"Entrepreneurship has been attributed to a masculine career in many economies. Rwanda was no exception to the discrimination of women in entrepreneurship. Due to gender, stereotype, and patriarchy, Rwandan women were not free in deciding to participate in entrepreneurial feminism. Some women became liberalists to break the glass ceiling to launch entrepreneurial feminism. They faced constraints that included a lack of entrepreneurship skills, market opportunity, and fear of failure. This article aimed to explore how gender affects new entrepreneurial feminism creation in Kigali. A quantitative approach used to collect survey data from 409 women-owned SMEs in Kigali were selected purposively. The findings indicated that most women-owned SMEs in Kigali started a necessary business due to unemployment. In contrast, those who needed time to care for their family while generating income launched the opportunity business. (64.3%) accepted permission from partners to start a business. While (24.9%) broke the glass ceiling. A lack of entrepreneurship skills was the major constraint they faced.","PeriodicalId":430994,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125877937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The tourism sector is currently one of the hardest hit by the pandemic, with impacts on both travel supply and demand. The transport system forms a key part of tourism, including the tourist experience at a destination. This research sought to understand how the taxi industry operates within the City of Johannesburg under the government restrictions imposed during COVID-19. The study adopted a qualitative research approach, based on interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explore the topic. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with participants who were purposively selected from the Johannesburg CBD taxi rank. Insufficient sanitisation and the breaching of curfews were observed. Limited guidance was provided during the initial stages of the pandemic, with no formal training. Financial support was made available, but drivers did not receive funds, as they did not comply with the requirements for membership of the Unemployment Insurance Fund (UIF) and Temporary Employee Relief Scheme (TERS) (Melzer, 2020). Illegal full-capacity loading and price increases were also evident. All participants seem to have expressed some form of anxiety, loneliness and uncertainty. Few suggestions were proposed towards sustainable practices and innovative technological means to support the industry during the lockdown and going forward.
{"title":"Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on the taxi industry in the City of Johannesburg","authors":"N. Wakelin-Theron, W. Ukpere","doi":"10.48132/hdbr.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48132/hdbr.329","url":null,"abstract":"The tourism sector is currently one of the hardest hit by the pandemic, with impacts on both travel supply and demand. The transport system forms a key part of tourism, including the tourist experience at a destination. This research sought to understand how the taxi industry operates within the City of Johannesburg under the government restrictions imposed during COVID-19. \u0000The study adopted a qualitative research approach, based on interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explore the topic. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with participants who were purposively selected from the Johannesburg CBD taxi rank. \u0000Insufficient sanitisation and the breaching of curfews were observed. Limited guidance was provided during the initial stages of the pandemic, with no formal training. Financial support was made available, but drivers did not receive funds, as they did not comply with the requirements for membership of the Unemployment Insurance Fund (UIF) and Temporary Employee Relief Scheme (TERS) (Melzer, 2020). Illegal full-capacity loading and price increases were also evident. All participants seem to have expressed some form of anxiety, loneliness and uncertainty. Few suggestions were proposed towards sustainable practices and innovative technological means to support the industry during the lockdown and going forward.","PeriodicalId":430994,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121072084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This explanatory research aims to study an association between the factors affecting the performance of banks working in Pakistan. The current study was conducted using a cross-sectional research design, data for this study was collected from 5 private banks of Lahore, Pakistan. A total sample of three hundred bankers was recruited by using a random sampling technique and their ages ranged between 25-45 years. For the analysis of the hypothesis, diverse statistical instruments like PROCESS analysis for mediation and Pearson Product Moment correlation are applied. The results of the study show that employee loyalty, as well as service quality, mediates an association between employee empowerment and financial performance. Numerous other variables influence the financial performance of banks which are not included in this study. The proposed model guides the management in analyzing the service sector's performance.
{"title":"A Quantitative Research to Investigate the Relationship of Factors Affecting Employee","authors":"Zara Mazahir, Z. Rehman","doi":"10.48132/hdbr.322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48132/hdbr.322","url":null,"abstract":"This explanatory research aims to study an association between the factors affecting the performance of banks working in Pakistan. The current study was conducted using a cross-sectional research design, data for this study was collected from 5 private banks of Lahore, Pakistan. A total sample of three hundred bankers was recruited by using a random sampling technique and their ages ranged between 25-45 years. For the analysis of the hypothesis, diverse statistical instruments like PROCESS analysis for mediation and Pearson Product Moment correlation are applied. The results of the study show that employee loyalty, as well as service quality, mediates an association between employee empowerment and financial performance. Numerous other variables influence the financial performance of banks which are not included in this study. The proposed model guides the management in analyzing the service sector's performance.","PeriodicalId":430994,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127844253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to assess the relationship between COVID-19 pandemic and the South African township economy in King William’s town, South Africa. The research methodology utilized a descriptive cross-sectional (survey) design. The population included micro and small business owners and or managers in King Williams Town, South Africa. Random sampling technique was used to sample 210 participants. The data were collected from owners/managers of micro and small businesses using a questionnaire method. The average age of the participant was 29 years (SD = 1.12), 37.6% were males while 62.4% were females. The findings of this study revealed the impact of the pandemic on micro and small businesses in the township area and that COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected micro and small business performance. The study therefore concludes that South Africa's lockdown measures introduced to contain the virus have had a significant economic impact on the township economy, particularly on micro and small businesses, which account for the majority of the township economy.
{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic and the South African township economy","authors":"Solomon Omonona, Olabanji Oni, Joseph Oluwole","doi":"10.48132/hdbr.356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48132/hdbr.356","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to assess the relationship between COVID-19 pandemic and the South African township economy in King William’s town, South Africa. The research methodology utilized a descriptive cross-sectional (survey) design. The population included micro and small business owners and or managers in King Williams Town, South Africa. Random sampling technique was used to sample 210 participants. The data were collected from owners/managers of micro and small businesses using a questionnaire method. The average age of the participant was 29 years (SD = 1.12), 37.6% were males while 62.4% were females. The findings of this study revealed the impact of the pandemic on micro and small businesses in the township area and that COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected micro and small business performance. The study therefore concludes that South Africa's lockdown measures introduced to contain the virus have had a significant economic impact on the township economy, particularly on micro and small businesses, which account for the majority of the township economy.","PeriodicalId":430994,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117015123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uchenna Eze Benneth, B. Agbi, Oluwaseun Adenuga Ademolu
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the introduction of protection measures, such as: Lockdown, social distancing, closure of event centers, curfew, closure of night clubs and the discouragement of the gathering of large crowd, among others. These protection measures have negatively impacted most business enterprises. This has equally threatened the corporate survival of most enterprises, especially micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). This study examined the chief executives of MSMEs’ perspectives on the strategies that were employed to survive during the Covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria. This study adopted exploratory research design. The study was conducted in three purposively selected states (Lagos, Kano and Anambra states) because the three states account for the largest concentration of MSMEs across the three largest ethnic groups in Nigeria. The primary data was gathered through in-depth interviews which were conducted on 24 purposively selected MSMEs CEOs from Lagos, Kano and Anambra States. The findings revealed that MSMEs were adversely impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. Particularly, states that enforced strict lockdown. This led to reduction in patronage, thereby threatening the corporate survival of most enterprises, especially enterprises that do not deal on essential commodities, like: Drugs, food and health care, among others.
{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative evaluation of MSMEs survival strategies in Nigeria","authors":"Uchenna Eze Benneth, B. Agbi, Oluwaseun Adenuga Ademolu","doi":"10.48132/hdbr.331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48132/hdbr.331","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the introduction of protection measures, such as: Lockdown, social distancing, closure of event centers, curfew, closure of night clubs and the discouragement of the gathering of large crowd, among others. These protection measures have negatively impacted most business enterprises. This has equally threatened the corporate survival of most enterprises, especially micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). This study examined the chief executives of MSMEs’ perspectives on the strategies that were employed to survive during the Covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria. This study adopted exploratory research design. The study was conducted in three purposively selected states (Lagos, Kano and Anambra states) because the three states account for the largest concentration of MSMEs across the three largest ethnic groups in Nigeria. The primary data was gathered through in-depth interviews which were conducted on 24 purposively selected MSMEs CEOs from Lagos, Kano and Anambra States. The findings revealed that MSMEs were adversely impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. Particularly, states that enforced strict lockdown. This led to reduction in patronage, thereby threatening the corporate survival of most enterprises, especially enterprises that do not deal on essential commodities, like: Drugs, food and health care, among others.","PeriodicalId":430994,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121385002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Small businesses are drivers of any economy because of their capacity to, among others, provide employment to the people and the owners. Their extinction will greatly affect a nation. This study focused on small enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria and how social media is deployed in them. The study is necessary because most small enterprises in Nigeria do not make it past the first few years of operation. Perhaps the adoption of social media by small businesses in Lagos may create extra opportunities for their growth. A questionnaire was employed to collect data from participants since it was less expensive and allowed for huge amounts of data to be gathered in a short amount of time. This study shows that the majority of small enterprises in Nigeria employ social media to promote their goods and services. Most business owners confirmed that the platform is efficient when applied in business. The findings also reveal that some enterprise owners are still yet to implement social media marketing into their advertising plans. Some implications and recommendations are flagged.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Social Media Marketing. A Case of Lagos Nigeria","authors":"Ikenna Franklin Eze, E. Ruhode, C. Iwu","doi":"10.48132/hdbr.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48132/hdbr.328","url":null,"abstract":"Small businesses are drivers of any economy because of their capacity to, among others, provide employment to the people and the owners. Their extinction will greatly affect a nation. This study focused on small enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria and how social media is deployed in them. The study is necessary because most small enterprises in Nigeria do not make it past the first few years of operation. Perhaps the adoption of social media by small businesses in Lagos may create extra opportunities for their growth. A questionnaire was employed to collect data from participants since it was less expensive and allowed for huge amounts of data to be gathered in a short amount of time. This study shows that the majority of small enterprises in Nigeria employ social media to promote their goods and services. Most business owners confirmed that the platform is efficient when applied in business. The findings also reveal that some enterprise owners are still yet to implement social media marketing into their advertising plans. Some implications and recommendations are flagged.","PeriodicalId":430994,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114197216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the influence of work-related stress, social support, fear of COVID-19, and demographics in promoting mental health (MH) amongst healthcare workers (HCWs) in Nigeria. Hence, it adopted a survey research design. The results showed that work-related stress, social support, fear of COVID-19, and demographics strongly and jointly influence healthcare workers’ mental health in Nigeria. Also, they indicated a significant independent influence of these independent factors on healthcare workers’ mental health. The results show that out of the demographics considered in this study (such as gender, age, marital status, level of education, profession, department, work experience, and state of residence), only marital status did not significantly influence the healthcare workers’ mental health in Nigeria. So, the government, health faculties, clinical psychologists, human resources managers, and medical practitioners should encourage reducing work-related stress. This should be done by increasing social support, reducing fear of COVID-19, and considering demographics while trying to promote healthcare workers’ mental health in Nigeria, especially during the current COVID -19 pandemic era. Thus, this paper has recognized work-related stress, social support, fear of COVID-19, and demographics as significant influencers in promoting mental health amongst healthcare workers in Nigeria.
{"title":"Promoting the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers during COVID19 Pandemic","authors":"F. Adekanmbi, W. Ukpere","doi":"10.48132/hdbr.355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48132/hdbr.355","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the influence of work-related stress, social support, fear of COVID-19, and demographics in promoting mental health (MH) amongst healthcare workers (HCWs) in Nigeria. Hence, it adopted a survey research design. The results showed that work-related stress, social support, fear of COVID-19, and demographics strongly and jointly influence healthcare workers’ mental health in Nigeria. Also, they indicated a significant independent influence of these independent factors on healthcare workers’ mental health. The results show that out of the demographics considered in this study (such as gender, age, marital status, level of education, profession, department, work experience, and state of residence), only marital status did not significantly influence the healthcare workers’ mental health in Nigeria. So, the government, health faculties, clinical psychologists, human resources managers, and medical practitioners should encourage reducing work-related stress. This should be done by increasing social support, reducing fear of COVID-19, and considering demographics while trying to promote healthcare workers’ mental health in Nigeria, especially during the current COVID -19 pandemic era. Thus, this paper has recognized work-related stress, social support, fear of COVID-19, and demographics as significant influencers in promoting mental health amongst healthcare workers in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":430994,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124883750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research note addresses the question stated in its title, what do we talk about when we talk about Chinese research? The article provides arguments for an understanding of Chinese research as a cultural unit, regardless of regional, political and historical differences that can be found in different territories. This does not mean the regional, political and historical differences are not relevant to researchers, on the contrary, they must be taking into account by researchers. Cultural similarities are needed to connect the different types of Chinese cultures, but not at the expense of omitting regional differences.
{"title":"A note on what do we talk about when we talk about Chinese Research?","authors":"Martin Sposato","doi":"10.48132/hdbr.258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48132/hdbr.258","url":null,"abstract":"This research note addresses the question stated in its title, what do we talk about when we talk about Chinese research? The article provides arguments for an understanding of Chinese research as a cultural unit, regardless of regional, political and historical differences that can be found in different territories. This does not mean the regional, political and historical differences are not relevant to researchers, on the contrary, they must be taking into account by researchers. Cultural similarities are needed to connect the different types of Chinese cultures, but not at the expense of omitting regional differences.","PeriodicalId":430994,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133153387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper offer insight to the substantial role of the small and medium retailers (S&M) and how Covid-19 has impacted the sector. The economic contribution of this group of retailers have been noted to be high. Policy measures of the government of South Africa in response to the pandemic was severe on the informal retailers who were stopped from operating their businesses. The paper highlighted the internal and external struggles and opportunities of the retailers. There is the need to revalue the sector according to its contribution to the society, assist the retailers to improve on their infrastructure, formalise their practises, embark on reform programmes aimed at improving their capacities.
{"title":"The post-COVID-19 retail landscapes","authors":"Isaac Abe, V. Mugobo","doi":"10.48132/hdbr.364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48132/hdbr.364","url":null,"abstract":"This paper offer insight to the substantial role of the small and medium retailers (S&M) and how Covid-19 has impacted the sector. The economic contribution of this group of retailers have been noted to be high. Policy measures of the government of South Africa in response to the pandemic was severe on the informal retailers who were stopped from operating their businesses. The paper highlighted the internal and external struggles and opportunities of the retailers. There is the need to revalue the sector according to its contribution to the society, assist the retailers to improve on their infrastructure, formalise their practises, embark on reform programmes aimed at improving their capacities.","PeriodicalId":430994,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114679308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Full Issue Vol 9 No 2 (2020)","authors":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","doi":"10.48132/hdbr.309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48132/hdbr.309","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":430994,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Deusto Business Research","volume":"315 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124291369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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