Background: In China and other countries, cynomolgus monkeys are commonly used experimental animal models in biomedical research. Reference hematologic and biochemical parameters must be established to evaluate healthy cynomolgus monkeys and investigate drug safety in non-clinical research. In the present study, data from 4,834 healthy cynomolgus monkeys were used to establish a reference for various age groups.Methods: A total of 4834 healthy cynomolgus monkeys (649 males and 4185 females) were selected and divided into six groups according to age and sex. Twenty hematological parameters and 17 serum biochemical parameters were detected, and the effects of age and sex were analyzed.Results: A reference database of hematological and biochemical parameters was established according to age (six groups) and sex (male and female). Significant differences were observed in White blood cell, Red blood cell, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Total protein, Albumin, Total bilirubin, Direct bilirubin, Alkaline phosphatase, Glucose, Blood urea nitrogen, Creatinine, Calcium, Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, and Lactate dehydrogenase values according to age in the juvenile and young groups (P<0.05). Significant differences between males and females were observed in Red blood cell, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, White blood cell, Lymphocyte, Lymphocyte percentage, Monocyte, Monocyte percentage, Basophil, and Basophil percentage in most age groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: Reference ranges for healthy cynomolgus monkeys were established in different age and sex groups in this study. The findings may be useful in clinical care and non-human-primate research.
{"title":"Establishment of Hematological and Serum Biochemical Parameters in 4,834 Healthy Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)","authors":"Xue Ling, Ting Luo, Qingyu Huang, Ying He, Longbao Lv, Yun Wang, Ronghua Ma, Jiewen Chen, J. He, Jinrong Zhang, Hongyu Lu, Jian He, Danrong Lin, Siyu Chen, Taiqi Liu, Yan-yan Guo, Z. Liu, Jiaqi Feng, Yudan Mao, Zhiying Chen, Ren Huang, Wen De Li","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2022-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2022-0011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: In China and other countries, cynomolgus monkeys are commonly used experimental animal models in biomedical research. Reference hematologic and biochemical parameters must be established to evaluate healthy cynomolgus monkeys and investigate drug safety in non-clinical research. In the present study, data from 4,834 healthy cynomolgus monkeys were used to establish a reference for various age groups.Methods: A total of 4834 healthy cynomolgus monkeys (649 males and 4185 females) were selected and divided into six groups according to age and sex. Twenty hematological parameters and 17 serum biochemical parameters were detected, and the effects of age and sex were analyzed.Results: A reference database of hematological and biochemical parameters was established according to age (six groups) and sex (male and female). Significant differences were observed in White blood cell, Red blood cell, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Total protein, Albumin, Total bilirubin, Direct bilirubin, Alkaline phosphatase, Glucose, Blood urea nitrogen, Creatinine, Calcium, Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, and Lactate dehydrogenase values according to age in the juvenile and young groups (P<0.05). Significant differences between males and females were observed in Red blood cell, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, White blood cell, Lymphocyte, Lymphocyte percentage, Monocyte, Monocyte percentage, Basophil, and Basophil percentage in most age groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: Reference ranges for healthy cynomolgus monkeys were established in different age and sex groups in this study. The findings may be useful in clinical care and non-human-primate research.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126350123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Ovarian cancer (OV) is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women. Growing evidence supports a key role of the tumor microenvironment in the growth, progression, and metastasis of OV. However, the prognostic effects of gene expression signatures associated with the OV microenvironment have not been well established. This study was aimed at applying the Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm to identify tumor-microenvironment-associated genes that predict outcomes in patients with OV.Methods: The gene expression profiles of OV samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The immune and stromal scores of 469 OV samples on the basis of the ESTIMATE algorithm were available. To better understand the effects of gene expression signatures associated with the OV microenvironment on prognosis, we categorized these samples into groups with high and low ESTIMATE scores. A different OV cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and immunohistochemistry from The Human Protein Atlas database were used for external validation.Results: The molecular subtypes of patients with OV correlated with the stromal scores, and the mesenchymal subtype had the highest stromal scores. Patients with higher stromal scores had lower 5-year overall survival; 449 differentially expressed genes in the stromal score group were identified, 26 of which were significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with OV (p < 0.05). In another OV cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, six genes were further validated to be significantly associated with poor prognosis. Immunohistochemistry data from The Human Protein Atlas database confirmed the overexpression of CX3CR1, GFPT2, NBL1, TFPI2, and ZFP36 in OV tissues compared with normal tissues.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CX3CR1, GFPT2, NBL1, TFPI2, and ZFP36 may be promising biomarkers for OV prognosis, with clinical implications for therapeutic strategies.
背景:卵巢癌(OV)是女性癌症死亡的第五大原因。越来越多的证据支持肿瘤微环境在OV的生长、进展和转移中起关键作用。然而，与OV微环境相关的基因表达特征对预后的影响尚未得到很好的证实。本研究旨在应用表达数据(ESTIMATE)算法估计恶性肿瘤组织中的基质和免疫细胞，以识别预测OV患者预后的肿瘤微环境相关基因。方法:从Cancer Genome Atlas数据库下载OV样本的基因表达谱。基于ESTIMATE算法获得了469个OV样本的免疫评分和基质评分。为了更好地了解与OV微环境相关的基因表达特征对预后的影响，我们将这些样本分为ESTIMATE评分高和低的两组。使用来自基因表达综合数据库(GEO)的不同OV队列和来自人类蛋白图谱数据库的免疫组织化学进行外部验证。结果:OV患者分子亚型与间质评分相关，间质评分以间质亚型最高。基质评分较高的患者5年总生存率较低;间质评分组差异表达基因449个，其中26个与OV患者预后不良显著相关(p < 0.05)。在另一个来自基因表达Omnibus数据库的OV队列中，6个基因被进一步证实与不良预后显著相关。来自The Human Protein Atlas数据库的免疫组化数据证实，与正常组织相比，OV组织中CX3CR1、GFPT2、NBL1、TFPI2和ZFP36过表达。结论:我们的研究结果表明，CX3CR1、GFPT2、NBL1、TFPI2和ZFP36可能是OV预后的有希望的生物标志物，对治疗策略具有临床意义。
{"title":"Prognostic Value of Tumor-microenvironment-associated Genes in Ovarian Cancer","authors":"Shimei Li, Jiyi Yao, Shenyan Zhang, Xinchuan Zhou, Xinbao Zhao, N. Di, Shaoyun Hao, Hui Zhi","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Ovarian cancer (OV) is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women. Growing evidence supports a key role of the tumor microenvironment in the growth, progression, and metastasis of OV. However, the prognostic effects of gene expression signatures associated with the OV microenvironment have not been well established. This study was aimed at applying the Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm to identify tumor-microenvironment-associated genes that predict outcomes in patients with OV.Methods: The gene expression profiles of OV samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The immune and stromal scores of 469 OV samples on the basis of the ESTIMATE algorithm were available. To better understand the effects of gene expression signatures associated with the OV microenvironment on prognosis, we categorized these samples into groups with high and low ESTIMATE scores. A different OV cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and immunohistochemistry from The Human Protein Atlas database were used for external validation.Results: The molecular subtypes of patients with OV correlated with the stromal scores, and the mesenchymal subtype had the highest stromal scores. Patients with higher stromal scores had lower 5-year overall survival; 449 differentially expressed genes in the stromal score group were identified, 26 of which were significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with OV (p < 0.05). In another OV cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, six genes were further validated to be significantly associated with poor prognosis. Immunohistochemistry data from The Human Protein Atlas database confirmed the overexpression of CX3CR1, GFPT2, NBL1, TFPI2, and ZFP36 in OV tissues compared with normal tissues.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CX3CR1, GFPT2, NBL1, TFPI2, and ZFP36 may be promising biomarkers for OV prognosis, with clinical implications for therapeutic strategies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"207 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116068141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Voice Series: Interview with Prof. Fuwu Zhang, University of Miami","authors":"Phei Er Saw","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2022-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2022-0021","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 \u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"489 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122898532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hope or hype? Aducanumab as a magic bullet for Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Wei-Jye Lin, C. Xiao, S. Salton","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2021-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2021-0034","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 \u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131259057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ACE2: A Dilemma in Regulating SARS-CoV-2 Infection and its Metabolic Complications","authors":"Yanchuan Shi","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2022-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2022-0026","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 \u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116055020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiaxue Liu, Xiaoli Bao, I. Kolesnik, Boyan Jia, Zihan Yu, Caiyun Xing, Jiawen Huang, Tingting Gu, Xiaotong Shao, Alexey Kletskov, A. Kritchenkov, V. Potkin, Wenliang Li
To increase the in vivo stability of cationic gene carriers and avoid the adverse effects of their positive charge, we synthesized a new shielding material by conjugating low molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) to a hyaluronic acid (HA) core. The HA-PEG conjugate assembled with the positively charged complex, forming a protective layer through electrostatic interactions. DNA/polyetherimide/HA-PEG (DNA/PEI/HA-PEG) nanoparticles had higher stability than both DNA/polyethyleneimine (DNA/PEI) and DNA/PEI/HA complexes. Furthermore, DNA/PEI/HA-PEG nanoparticles also showed a diminished nonspecific response toward serum proteins in vivo. The in vivo transfection efficiency was also enhanced by the low cytotoxicity and the improved stability; therefore, this material might be promising for use in gene delivery applications.
{"title":"Enhancing the in vivo stability of polycation gene carriers by using PEGylated hyaluronic acid as a shielding system","authors":"Jiaxue Liu, Xiaoli Bao, I. Kolesnik, Boyan Jia, Zihan Yu, Caiyun Xing, Jiawen Huang, Tingting Gu, Xiaotong Shao, Alexey Kletskov, A. Kritchenkov, V. Potkin, Wenliang Li","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2021-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2021-0033","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 To increase the in vivo stability of cationic gene carriers and avoid the adverse effects of their positive charge, we synthesized a new shielding material by conjugating low molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) to a hyaluronic acid (HA) core. The HA-PEG conjugate assembled with the positively charged complex, forming a protective layer through electrostatic interactions. DNA/polyetherimide/HA-PEG (DNA/PEI/HA-PEG) nanoparticles had higher stability than both DNA/polyethyleneimine (DNA/PEI) and DNA/PEI/HA complexes. Furthermore, DNA/PEI/HA-PEG nanoparticles also showed a diminished nonspecific response toward serum proteins in vivo. The in vivo transfection efficiency was also enhanced by the low cytotoxicity and the improved stability; therefore, this material might be promising for use in gene delivery applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129324832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Long Tan, Shi-Ji Wu, Yanzhe Qiu, Yue Jie, Shenyan Zhang, Shanglan Zhou, B. Luo, N. Di
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the ultrasound and MRI features of eight patients with cervical large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma to improve awareness of this disease among sonographers, radiologists, and clinicians.Methods: Clinical data for eight patients with cervical large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma confirmed by pathology at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between February 2018 and April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed according to clinical, conventional ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and MRI characteristics.Results: Conventional ultrasound examination of the cervical large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma lesions in the eight patients revealed two features: (1) irregular hypoechoic areas in the muscular layer, with slightly hyperechoic inlay streaks, and poorly delineated lesions, and (2) slightly abundant blood flow distribution in the lesions. The contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed a “fast-in and fast-out” mode; after subsidence, a “fence-like” change was observed, and the enhancement range was significantly greater than the range of two-dimensional ultrasound. In MRI, T1WI showed a low signal or isosignal; T2WI showed a high signal; DWI showed a high signal and low ADC value; and most of the enhanced MRI showed inhomogeneous hyperenhancement.Conclusion: Conventional ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound and MRI are complementary methods that provide additional imaging information for the diagnosis of cervical large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.
{"title":"Preliminary Investigation into Ultrasound and MRI Presentation of Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinomas of the Uterine Cervix","authors":"Long Tan, Shi-Ji Wu, Yanzhe Qiu, Yue Jie, Shenyan Zhang, Shanglan Zhou, B. Luo, N. Di","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2022-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2022-0028","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the ultrasound and MRI features of eight patients with cervical large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma to improve awareness of this disease among sonographers, radiologists, and clinicians.Methods: Clinical data for eight patients with cervical large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma confirmed by pathology at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between February 2018 and April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed according to clinical, conventional ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and MRI characteristics.Results: Conventional ultrasound examination of the cervical large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma lesions in the eight patients revealed two features: (1) irregular hypoechoic areas in the muscular layer, with slightly hyperechoic inlay streaks, and poorly delineated lesions, and (2) slightly abundant blood flow distribution in the lesions. The contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed a “fast-in and fast-out” mode; after subsidence, a “fence-like” change was observed, and the enhancement range was significantly greater than the range of two-dimensional ultrasound. In MRI, T1WI showed a low signal or isosignal; T2WI showed a high signal; DWI showed a high signal and low ADC value; and most of the enhanced MRI showed inhomogeneous hyperenhancement.Conclusion: Conventional ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound and MRI are complementary methods that provide additional imaging information for the diagnosis of cervical large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131171816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Lymph node metastasis is related to thyroid cancer recurrence; hence, early identification and prediction of cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in thyroid cancer are essential.Materials and methods: Ultrasound characteristics and patients’ clinical information for 478 thyroid nodules from 383 patients were collected, and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) was used to train and test the veracity to predict CLNM and form a network model. Sixty new patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) were evaluated with the MLP neural network model. The metastasis status of these patients was then compared with the pathological results. The prediction of metastasis by the MLP and by multiple regression was compared.Results: Calcification, age, sex, and maximum diameter were important predictive factors of CLNM by the MLP, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.715. No significant differences were found between the MLP and multiple regression in predicting CLNM. The average confidence of the model used in these new patients in predicting metastasis with PTC was 68.9%.Conclusion: Ultrasound images from thyroid nodule characteristics and patients’ clinical information can be used as predictive factors of CLNM by the MLP method to a certain extent.
{"title":"Multilayer Perceptron Predicting Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","authors":"Jingwen Shi, Qi Zhang, Tiantong Zhu, Ying Huang","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2021-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2021-0029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Lymph node metastasis is related to thyroid cancer recurrence; hence, early identification and prediction of cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in thyroid cancer are essential.Materials and methods: Ultrasound characteristics and patients’ clinical information for 478 thyroid nodules from 383 patients were collected, and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) was used to train and test the veracity to predict CLNM and form a network model. Sixty new patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) were evaluated with the MLP neural network model. The metastasis status of these patients was then compared with the pathological results. The prediction of metastasis by the MLP and by multiple regression was compared.Results: Calcification, age, sex, and maximum diameter were important predictive factors of CLNM by the MLP, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.715. No significant differences were found between the MLP and multiple regression in predicting CLNM. The average confidence of the model used in these new patients in predicting metastasis with PTC was 68.9%.Conclusion: Ultrasound images from thyroid nodule characteristics and patients’ clinical information can be used as predictive factors of CLNM by the MLP method to a certain extent.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132433138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanni Xu, Yunting Zeng, Xiaoyun Xiao, Hejun Liu, Boyang Zhou, B. Luo, Phei Er Saw, Q. Jiang
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease lacking prognostic markers. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment are associated with distant metastasis as well as poorer outcomes in breast cancer. Therefore, monitoring TAMs may guide prognostic assessment. This study explores an imaging modality based on a two-step click chemistry procedure for detecting TAMs in breast cancer. Mannose-targeted liposomes (MAN-lipo-AAG) and non-targeted liposomes (lipo-AAG) encapsulating Ac4GalNAz were prepared and comprehensively characterized. The sizes of the prepared MAN-lipo-AAG and lipo-AAG were 126 ± 0.22 and 93 ± 0.23 nm, respectively. In vitro studies demonstrated higher uptake of MAN-lipo-AAG than lipo-AAG by RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy confirmed that bright, homogeneous fluorescence labeling was present on RAW264.7 cell membranes in the MAN-lipo-AAG group. Furthermore, in vivo analysis indicated that MAN-lipo-AAG, compared with lipo-AAG, had higher accumulation in a 4T1 xenograft model and higher uptake by mannose-overexpressing TAMs. This study describes a promising approach for specific and non-invasive TAM-targeted imaging via metabolic glycoengineering.
{"title":"Targeted Imaging of Tumor Associated Macrophages in Breast Cancer","authors":"Yanni Xu, Yunting Zeng, Xiaoyun Xiao, Hejun Liu, Boyang Zhou, B. Luo, Phei Er Saw, Q. Jiang","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease lacking prognostic markers. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment are associated with distant metastasis as well as poorer outcomes in breast cancer. Therefore, monitoring TAMs may guide prognostic assessment. This study explores an imaging modality based on a two-step click chemistry procedure for detecting TAMs in breast cancer. Mannose-targeted liposomes (MAN-lipo-AAG) and non-targeted liposomes (lipo-AAG) encapsulating Ac4GalNAz were prepared and comprehensively characterized. The sizes of the prepared MAN-lipo-AAG and lipo-AAG were 126 ± 0.22 and 93 ± 0.23 nm, respectively. In vitro studies demonstrated higher uptake of MAN-lipo-AAG than lipo-AAG by RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy confirmed that bright, homogeneous fluorescence labeling was present on RAW264.7 cell membranes in the MAN-lipo-AAG group. Furthermore, in vivo analysis indicated that MAN-lipo-AAG, compared with lipo-AAG, had higher accumulation in a 4T1 xenograft model and higher uptake by mannose-overexpressing TAMs. This study describes a promising approach for specific and non-invasive TAM-targeted imaging via metabolic glycoengineering.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133488461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical Exercise in New Health Concepts: A Clinician Point of View","authors":"Xinhao Li, Cixin Zhang, Liangxing Huang, Jingyi Hou","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2021-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2021-0031","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p> </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133068200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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