Dan Zuo, Jingjing Qian, Yi Dong, Wenping Wang, Xiaofan Tian, Yi-Jie Qiu, Christoph Frank Dietrich
Purpose: The purpose of current study was to investigate the value of the late-phase enhancement features of pancreas contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the detection of liver metastases in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC).Methods: From October 2020 to March 2021, 86 patients were prospectively enrolled. The gold standard of liver metastatic and PDAC lesions were based on histopathologically diagnoses and multiple imaging modalities results. B-mode ultrasound (BMUS) was performed to detect suspected liver metastases before CEUS. During the late phase of pancreas CEUS, the entire liver was scanned again to detect hypoenhanced liver metastases. Liver metastases were confirmed by biopsy and histopathological results. The number and size of liver metastases detected by BMUS and during CEUS late phase were recorded and compared.Results: Suspected liver metastases were detected in 14 patients by BMUS (n = 23). During the late phase of CEUS, hypoenhanced liver metastases were detected in 23 patients (n = 87). When compared with BMUS, whole-liver scan during the late phase of CEUS detected more isoechoic, small, or superficially located lesions. Compared with BMUS, the specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CEUS in diagnosing of liver metastases in PDAC patients were significantly improved (96.72% vs. 100%, 48% vs. 92%, 85.71% vs. 100%, and 83.10% vs. 96.83%, respectively) (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The late phase whole liver scan during CEUS of pancreas helps to detect more liver metastases, which is important for further clinical decision-making.
{"title":"Incidentally Detected Liver Metastases during Pancreas Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound","authors":"Dan Zuo, Jingjing Qian, Yi Dong, Wenping Wang, Xiaofan Tian, Yi-Jie Qiu, Christoph Frank Dietrich","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2021-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2021-0026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Purpose: The purpose of current study was to investigate the value of the late-phase enhancement features of pancreas contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the detection of liver metastases in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC).Methods: From October 2020 to March 2021, 86 patients were prospectively enrolled. The gold standard of liver metastatic and PDAC lesions were based on histopathologically diagnoses and multiple imaging modalities results. B-mode ultrasound (BMUS) was performed to detect suspected liver metastases before CEUS. During the late phase of pancreas CEUS, the entire liver was scanned again to detect hypoenhanced liver metastases. Liver metastases were confirmed by biopsy and histopathological results. The number and size of liver metastases detected by BMUS and during CEUS late phase were recorded and compared.Results: Suspected liver metastases were detected in 14 patients by BMUS (n = 23). During the late phase of CEUS, hypoenhanced liver metastases were detected in 23 patients (n = 87). When compared with BMUS, whole-liver scan during the late phase of CEUS detected more isoechoic, small, or superficially located lesions. Compared with BMUS, the specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CEUS in diagnosing of liver metastases in PDAC patients were significantly improved (96.72% vs. 100%, 48% vs. 92%, 85.71% vs. 100%, and 83.10% vs. 96.83%, respectively) (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The late phase whole liver scan during CEUS of pancreas helps to detect more liver metastases, which is important for further clinical decision-making.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126758403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria because of poor understanding of the issue and the misuse of antibiotics has become global health concern. Therefore, the discovery of novel antibacterial drugs is urgently needed. New antibacterial compounds may be found in the Bacillus species, which are abundant in sand dune ecosystems. Herein, we examined samples from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes in Indonesia.Methods: Samples were collected from three areas in the sand dunes (the area closest to the sea, the core area of sand dunes, and the area farthest from the sea). The samples were inoculated on Luria Bertani agar. Morphological and molecular identification was performed on the basis of 16S rRNA. The samples’ antimicrobial activity was evaluated with the disc diffusion method and compared with that of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria.Results: Five species of Bacillus were successfully isolated from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of Bacillus aryabhattai in Indonesia. All samples showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. B. velezensis and B. subtilis showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, whereas B. aryabhattai and B. megaterium showed antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, and B. spizizenii showed antibacterial activity toward Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Conclusion: Five Bacillus species were successfully isolated from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes, Indonesia, and all samples showed antimicrobial activity toward opportunistic pathogenic bacteria. The crude antimicrobial compounds from B. megaterium, B. aryabhattai, B. subtilis, and B. spizizenii showed the highest growth-inhibition activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. cereus, and S. aureus, respectively.
{"title":"Screening of antibacterial activities of Bacillus spp. isolated from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes, Indonesia","authors":"Almando Geraldi, Margareth Famunghui, Mercyana Abigail, Chesa Febrizky Siona Saragih, Devina Febitania, Henrietta Elmarthenez, Cinantya Aulia Putri, Ummi Amaliatush Sholichah Putri Merdekawati, A. Sadila, Nabilla Hapsari Wijaya","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2022-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2022-0005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria because of poor understanding of the issue and the misuse of antibiotics has become global health concern. Therefore, the discovery of novel antibacterial drugs is urgently needed. New antibacterial compounds may be found in the Bacillus species, which are abundant in sand dune ecosystems. Herein, we examined samples from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes in Indonesia.Methods: Samples were collected from three areas in the sand dunes (the area closest to the sea, the core area of sand dunes, and the area farthest from the sea). The samples were inoculated on Luria Bertani agar. Morphological and molecular identification was performed on the basis of 16S rRNA. The samples’ antimicrobial activity was evaluated with the disc diffusion method and compared with that of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria.Results: Five species of Bacillus were successfully isolated from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of Bacillus aryabhattai in Indonesia. All samples showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. B. velezensis and B. subtilis showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, whereas B. aryabhattai and B. megaterium showed antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, and B. spizizenii showed antibacterial activity toward Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Conclusion: Five Bacillus species were successfully isolated from the Parangkusumo coastal sand dunes, Indonesia, and all samples showed antimicrobial activity toward opportunistic pathogenic bacteria. The crude antimicrobial compounds from B. megaterium, B. aryabhattai, B. subtilis, and B. spizizenii showed the highest growth-inhibition activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. cereus, and S. aureus, respectively.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126976584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with a range of neural changes. A comprehensive understanding of the injury-induced lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A) response, particularly the temporal profile of biochemical alterations, is crucial to design effective therapeutic interventions.Methods: Experiments were performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The influence of post-traumatic hypothermia (32°C) or hyperthermia (39°C) on the temporal and regional expression profiles of KAT6A was assessed after moderate or severe TBI. qPCR and western blotting were used to determine the expression of KAT6A in different groups.Results: In the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres, significantly lower protein and mRNA expression of KAT6A was found after TBI than sham injury. Moreover, two expression minima of KAT6A were observed in the cortex and hippocampus of the ipsilateral hemisphere. A decrease in injury severity was associated with lower levels of KAT6A mRNA at 12 h and protein at 24 h, but KAT6A mRNA at 48 h and protein at 72 h had alterations. Compared with normothermia and hyperthermia, post-traumatic hypothermia intensified the decrease in KAT6A at both the mRNA and protein levels. In contrast, hyperthermia, as compared with normothermia, did not significantly affect the levels of KAT6A mRNA at 12 h and protein at 24 h, but triggered a significant increase in levels of KAT6A mRNA at 24 h and protein at 72 h. Furthermore, an overall upregulation of KAT6A after TBI was associated with greater injury severity in a time-dependent manner.Conclusions: Post-traumatic hypothermia plays a key role in the regulation of KAT6A expression and thus may at least partially explain the phenotype of post-traumatic temperature in secondary injury after TBI.
{"title":"Effects of Injury Severity and Brain Temperature on KAT6A Expression after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats","authors":"Dilirebati Dilimulati, Lin Zhang, Y. Duan, F. Jia","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with a range of neural changes. A comprehensive understanding of the injury-induced lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A) response, particularly the temporal profile of biochemical alterations, is crucial to design effective therapeutic interventions.Methods: Experiments were performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The influence of post-traumatic hypothermia (32°C) or hyperthermia (39°C) on the temporal and regional expression profiles of KAT6A was assessed after moderate or severe TBI. qPCR and western blotting were used to determine the expression of KAT6A in different groups.Results: In the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres, significantly lower protein and mRNA expression of KAT6A was found after TBI than sham injury. Moreover, two expression minima of KAT6A were observed in the cortex and hippocampus of the ipsilateral hemisphere. A decrease in injury severity was associated with lower levels of KAT6A mRNA at 12 h and protein at 24 h, but KAT6A mRNA at 48 h and protein at 72 h had alterations. Compared with normothermia and hyperthermia, post-traumatic hypothermia intensified the decrease in KAT6A at both the mRNA and protein levels. In contrast, hyperthermia, as compared with normothermia, did not significantly affect the levels of KAT6A mRNA at 12 h and protein at 24 h, but triggered a significant increase in levels of KAT6A mRNA at 24 h and protein at 72 h. Furthermore, an overall upregulation of KAT6A after TBI was associated with greater injury severity in a time-dependent manner.Conclusions: Post-traumatic hypothermia plays a key role in the regulation of KAT6A expression and thus may at least partially explain the phenotype of post-traumatic temperature in secondary injury after TBI.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127042686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Skin tattoos are a common decoration, but profound scientific study whether the presence of a skin tattoo alters the acoustic response from superficial tissue, and therefore from underlying tissue, was previously lacking. Any image aberrations caused by tattoo presence may have been thought negligible, yet empirically found artifacts in brightness-mode images of tattooed skin suggest otherwise. This study investigated the nature of these artifacts theoretically and experimentally in extremely simplified cases of perfectly flat and homogenous layered media and in tattooed pork.Methods: Theory was derived for computing the acoustic response from horizontally and vertically layered media containing a thin inked layer. Experiments were performed in vitro. Artificial and pork skin were tattooed, attached to phantom material, and sonicated with a 13–6-MHz probe. The speed of sound of these materials was determined, and the perceived refraction angles was measured.Results: The measured speeds of sound of tattooed materials were higher than those of their uninked counterparts. The presence of tattoo ink was found to have increased the linear acoustic attenuation by 1 dB/cm. This value is negligible for typical tattoos of only few millimeters. The perceived critical refraction angles of adjacent materials could be detected, and their corresponding speeds of sound were quantified. These coincided with values derived from theory.Conclusion: The ratio of speeds of sound of adjacent materials was shown to create distinct highlights in brightness-mode images. The artifacts observed in in vitro and in vivo brightness-mode scans were explained from near-vertical transitions between areas of different sound speed. This is the first study correlating so-called critical refraction highlighting with speed-of-sound information. In addition, it was found that phantom material is a room-temperature acoustic alternative for experiments on live human skin. In summary, the presence of superficial tattoos has a small but quantifiable effect on the acoustic response from deeper tissues.
{"title":"Deep impact of superficial skin inking: acoustic analysis of underlying tissue","authors":"Craig S. Carlson, M. Postema","doi":"10.15212/BIOI-2021-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/BIOI-2021-0004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Skin tattoos are a common decoration, but profound scientific study whether the presence of a skin tattoo alters the acoustic response from superficial tissue, and therefore from underlying tissue, was previously lacking. Any image aberrations caused by tattoo presence may have been thought negligible, yet empirically found artifacts in brightness-mode images of tattooed skin suggest otherwise. This study investigated the nature of these artifacts theoretically and experimentally in extremely simplified cases of perfectly flat and homogenous layered media and in tattooed pork.Methods: Theory was derived for computing the acoustic response from horizontally and vertically layered media containing a thin inked layer. Experiments were performed in vitro. Artificial and pork skin were tattooed, attached to phantom material, and sonicated with a 13–6-MHz probe. The speed of sound of these materials was determined, and the perceived refraction angles was measured.Results: The measured speeds of sound of tattooed materials were higher than those of their uninked counterparts. The presence of tattoo ink was found to have increased the linear acoustic attenuation by 1 dB/cm. This value is negligible for typical tattoos of only few millimeters. The perceived critical refraction angles of adjacent materials could be detected, and their corresponding speeds of sound were quantified. These coincided with values derived from theory.Conclusion: The ratio of speeds of sound of adjacent materials was shown to create distinct highlights in brightness-mode images. The artifacts observed in in vitro and in vivo brightness-mode scans were explained from near-vertical transitions between areas of different sound speed. This is the first study correlating so-called critical refraction highlighting with speed-of-sound information. In addition, it was found that phantom material is a room-temperature acoustic alternative for experiments on live human skin. In summary, the presence of superficial tattoos has a small but quantifiable effect on the acoustic response from deeper tissues.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123425430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer is an intractable disease and has ability to escape immunological recognition. Cancer immunotherapy to enhance the autogenous immune response to cancer tissue is reported to be the most promising method for cancer treatment. After the release of damage-associated molecular patterns, dendritic cells come mature and then recruit activated T cells to induce immune response. To trigger the release of cancer associated antigens, cancer acoustics-based therapy has various prominent advantages and has been reported in various research. In this review, we classified the acoustics-based therapy into sonopyrolysis-, sonoporation-, and sonoluminescence-based therapy. Then, detailed mechanisms of these therapies are discussed to show the status of cancer immunotherapy induced by acoustics-based therapy in quo. Finally, we express some future prospects in this research field and make some predictions of its development direction
{"title":"Synergistic Effects of Acoustics-based Therapy and Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment","authors":"Yuheng Bao, Jifan Chen, Pintong Huang, Weijun Tong","doi":"10.15212/BIOI-2021-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/BIOI-2021-0007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Cancer is an intractable disease and has ability to escape immunological recognition. Cancer immunotherapy to enhance the autogenous immune response to cancer tissue is reported to be the most promising method for cancer treatment. After the release of damage-associated molecular patterns, dendritic cells come mature and then recruit activated T cells to induce immune response. To trigger the release of cancer associated antigens, cancer acoustics-based therapy has various prominent advantages and has been reported in various research. In this review, we classified the acoustics-based therapy into sonopyrolysis-, sonoporation-, and sonoluminescence-based therapy. Then, detailed mechanisms of these therapies are discussed to show the status of cancer immunotherapy induced by acoustics-based therapy in quo. Finally, we express some future prospects in this research field and make some predictions of its development direction\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130958597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Utilization of Zebrafish as a Model System in Medical Research","authors":"Sanxiong Liu","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2022-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2022-0019","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 \u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129564146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) is an increasingly used method to control postoperative pain. We aimed to investigate the association between PCIA and recovery after flap reconstruction in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Methods: Patients with OSCC who underwent flap reconstruction between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed (n=850). Baseline characteristics were compared between PCIA and non-PCIA groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) (1:4) was introduced to eliminate these confounding factors (n=505). Univariate analysis was performed to compare matched PCIA and non-PCIA group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed before and after PSM to identify factors that influenced length of stay (LOS) in hospital. The differences in characteristics of matched and unmatched groups were also compared.Results: Before PSM, the differences in flap types, smoking status, and radiotherapy history between PCIA and non-PCIA groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). After these factors were matched by PSM, LOS was 1.5 days shorter in the matched PCIA group than in the non-PCIA group (median, 10.5 versus 12.0, P=0.006). There was no significant difference in flap or medical complications, reoperations, or postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) between the matched PCIA and non-PCIA groups. Postoperative glucose was lower in the matched PCIA group than in the non-PCIA group (median, 6.70 versus 7.30 mmol/L, P=0.021). Prolonged LOS was associated with postoperative PCIA, flap types, preoperative NLR, intraoperative red blood cell transfusion, fluid infusion rate over 24 h, and postoperative intensive care unit admission (P<0.05).Conclusions: Patients with OSCC using PCIA after flap reconstruction surgeries have a reduced LOS in hospital compared with those who used conventional postoperative analgesic strategies. Moreover, postoperative glucose increase was lower in the PCIA group than in the non-PCIA group.
背景:患者自控静脉镇痛(PCIA)是一种越来越多地用于控制术后疼痛的方法。我们的目的是探讨口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)患者皮瓣重建后PCIA与恢复的关系。方法:回顾性分析2016年至2020年接受皮瓣重建的OSCC患者(n=850)。比较PCIA组和非PCIA组的基线特征。采用倾向评分匹配(PSM)(1:4)来消除这些混杂因素(n=505)。单因素分析比较匹配PCIA组和非PCIA组。在PSM前后进行单因素和多因素分析，以确定影响住院时间(LOS)的因素。比较配对组和未配对组的特征差异。结果:PSM前，PCIA组与非PCIA组皮瓣类型、吸烟状况、放疗史差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在这些因素与PSM匹配后，匹配PCIA组的LOS比非PCIA组短1.5天(中位数，10.5对12.0,P=0.006)。匹配PCIA组和非PCIA组在皮瓣或医疗并发症、再手术或术后中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率(NLR)方面无显著差异。配对PCIA组术后血糖低于非PCIA组(中位数，6.70 vs 7.30 mmol/L, P=0.021)。术后PCIA、皮瓣类型、术前NLR、术中红细胞输注、24 h输液率、术后入住重症监护病房与LOS延长相关(P<0.05)。结论:与使用常规术后镇痛策略的OSCC患者相比，在皮瓣重建手术后使用PCIA的OSCC患者在医院的LOS降低。此外，PCIA组术后血糖升高低于非PCIA组。
{"title":"Patient-controlled Intravenous Analgesia Enhanced Recovery After Surgery by Reducing Length of Hospital Stay in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Who Underwent Flap Reconstruction: A Propensity Score-matched Study","authors":"Haojie Yang, Ying-Chao Yan, Qian Xie, Wei Wu, Zhiming Wang, Guowei Zhang, Yangfan Zhang, Zicong Tan, Xiaoyan Huang, Zhongqi Liu, Feng-tao Ji","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2021-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2021-0018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) is an increasingly used method to control postoperative pain. We aimed to investigate the association between PCIA and recovery after flap reconstruction in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Methods: Patients with OSCC who underwent flap reconstruction between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed (n=850). Baseline characteristics were compared between PCIA and non-PCIA groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) (1:4) was introduced to eliminate these confounding factors (n=505). Univariate analysis was performed to compare matched PCIA and non-PCIA group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed before and after PSM to identify factors that influenced length of stay (LOS) in hospital. The differences in characteristics of matched and unmatched groups were also compared.Results: Before PSM, the differences in flap types, smoking status, and radiotherapy history between PCIA and non-PCIA groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). After these factors were matched by PSM, LOS was 1.5 days shorter in the matched PCIA group than in the non-PCIA group (median, 10.5 versus 12.0, P=0.006). There was no significant difference in flap or medical complications, reoperations, or postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) between the matched PCIA and non-PCIA groups. Postoperative glucose was lower in the matched PCIA group than in the non-PCIA group (median, 6.70 versus 7.30 mmol/L, P=0.021). Prolonged LOS was associated with postoperative PCIA, flap types, preoperative NLR, intraoperative red blood cell transfusion, fluid infusion rate over 24 h, and postoperative intensive care unit admission (P<0.05).Conclusions: Patients with OSCC using PCIA after flap reconstruction surgeries have a reduced LOS in hospital compared with those who used conventional postoperative analgesic strategies. Moreover, postoperative glucose increase was lower in the PCIA group than in the non-PCIA group.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128950414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Holistic Integrative Biomedicine in 2022: Riding the Wave in the Right Direction","authors":"Zhiyi Chen","doi":"10.15212/bioi-2022-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/bioi-2022-0003","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 \u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129020009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neurological diseases associated with dysfunctions of neural circuits, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), depression and epilepsy, have been increasingly prevalent. To tackle these issues, artificial stimulation or regulation of specific neural circuits and nuclei are employed to alleviate or cure certain neurological diseases. In particular, ultrasound neuromodulation has been an emerging interdisciplinary approach, which integrates medicine and engineering methodologies in the treatment. With the development of medicine and engineering, ultrasound neuromodulation has gradually been applied in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. In this review, we aimed to summarize the mechanism of ultrasound neuromodulation and the advances of focused ultrasound (FUS) in neuromodulation in recent years, with a special emphasis on its application in central nervous system disease treatment. FUS showed great feasibility in the treatment of epilepsy, tremor, AD, depression, and brain trauma. We also suggested future directions of ultrasound neuromodulation in clinical settings, with a focus on its fusion with genetic engineering or nanotechnology.
{"title":"Ultrasound Neuromodulation: Integrating Medicine and Engineering for Neurological Disease Treatment","authors":"Yuhao Chen, Yue Li, Meng Du, Jinsui Yu, Fei Gao, Zhen Yuan, Zhiyi Chen","doi":"10.15212/BIOI-2020-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/BIOI-2020-0026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Neurological diseases associated with dysfunctions of neural circuits, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), depression and epilepsy, have been increasingly prevalent. To tackle these issues, artificial stimulation or regulation of specific neural circuits and nuclei are employed to alleviate or cure certain neurological diseases. In particular, ultrasound neuromodulation has been an emerging interdisciplinary approach, which integrates medicine and engineering methodologies in the treatment. With the development of medicine and engineering, ultrasound neuromodulation has gradually been applied in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. In this review, we aimed to summarize the mechanism of ultrasound neuromodulation and the advances of focused ultrasound (FUS) in neuromodulation in recent years, with a special emphasis on its application in central nervous system disease treatment. FUS showed great feasibility in the treatment of epilepsy, tremor, AD, depression, and brain trauma. We also suggested future directions of ultrasound neuromodulation in clinical settings, with a focus on its fusion with genetic engineering or nanotechnology.\u0000","PeriodicalId":431549,"journal":{"name":"BIO Integration","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117016020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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