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Alexandria: The Journal of National and International Library and Information Issues最新文献

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News Round-up 新闻聚集
I. Darby, IAEAXSpe Elettra
Two like-minded organizations, AfLIA (African Library and Information Associations and Institutions) and EBLIDA (The European Bureau of Library, Information and Documentation Associations) signed a Memorandum of Agreement in August 2019. The aim is to foster closer collaboration between these two organizations in advancement of knowledge and access to information to drive sustainable development and the implementation of UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.
两个志同道合的组织,AfLIA(非洲图书馆和信息协会和机构)和EBLIDA(欧洲图书馆、信息和文献协会局)于2019年8月签署了一份协议备忘录。其目的是促进这两个组织在促进知识和信息获取方面的更密切合作,以推动可持续发展和落实联合国2030年可持续发展目标。
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引用次数: 0
The National Library of Russia 俄罗斯国家图书馆
Alexander Verschinin
The National Library of Russia (NLR) in Saint Petersburg is the first state public library in Russia, one of the largest libraries in the world and the second largest in the Russian Federation; it is an all-Russian information, scientific and cultural center. The year 2020 will be an anniversary year – 225 years since the establishment of our library. In 1795, the Imperial Public Library was founded by order of Empress Catherine the Great. A special library building designed by the architect Egor Sokolov (1796– 1801) was erected in the capital of the Russian Empire: Saint Petersburg. Nowadays, the building is a part of a unique architectural complex in the historical city center. The ‘Publichka’ (informal colloquial name of the library) was opened in January 1814 and since then the library has been constantly increasing its funds, developing collections and improving readers services. Since 1810, the library has received legal deposit documents. In 1992, the State Public Library became ‘The National Library of Russia’ and by Decree of the President of Russia, it was included in the list of cultural heritage sites that represent historical and cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation. The Library receives more than 400,000 new documents annually, most of them under the legal deposit law; more than 80% are in the Russian language. Today the NLR collections exceed 39 million documents and include 38 million printed documents, more than 450,000 manuscripts, including 40,000 handwritten books. The electronic library contains 600,000 digitized editions; network access to 60 million electronic documents is provided. The library holds collections of handwritten books in different languages, including West European and Eastern ones, collections of rare books (incunabula, palimpsests); there are rare books of the 15th to 18th centuries in West European languages and the ‘Rossica’ department founded in the middle of the 19th century by the then director
位于圣彼得堡的俄罗斯国家图书馆(NLR)是俄罗斯第一个国家公共图书馆,是世界上最大的图书馆之一,也是俄罗斯联邦第二大图书馆;它是全俄罗斯的信息、科学和文化中心。2020年是我们图书馆成立225周年。1795年,在凯瑟琳女皇的命令下,帝国公共图书馆成立。由建筑师Egor Sokolov(1796 - 1801)设计的一座特殊的图书馆建筑矗立在俄罗斯帝国的首都:圣彼得堡。如今,这座建筑是历史悠久的市中心独特建筑群的一部分。“Publichka”(图书馆的非正式口语名称)于1814年1月开放,从那时起,图书馆不断增加资金,发展馆藏,改善读者服务。自1810年起,图书馆开始接受法定寄存文件。1992年,国立公共图书馆成为“俄罗斯国家图书馆”,并根据俄罗斯总统的法令,被列入代表俄罗斯联邦人民历史和文化遗产的文化遗产名录。图书馆每年接收40多万份新文件,其中大多数是合法保管的;其中80%以上使用俄语。今天,国家图书馆的馆藏超过3900万份文件,其中包括3800万份印刷文件,超过45万份手稿,其中包括4万本手写书籍。电子图书馆拥有60万个数字化版本;提供6 000万份电子文件的网络访问。图书馆收藏了不同语言的手写书籍,包括西欧和东方的书籍,收藏了珍本(古籍、重写本);这里有15至18世纪的西欧语言珍本书籍,还有19世纪中期由当时的主任创立的“罗西卡”部门
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引用次数: 3
Celebrating the dynamic legacy: Envisioning a purpose-built National Library of Jamaica 庆祝动态遗产:设想一个专门建造的牙买加国家图书馆
Beverley Lashley
The year 2019 marks a special year for the National Library of Jamaica (NLJ) with the celebration of 40 years of sterling service to the cultural development of Jamaica. Under the theme ‘The Dynamic Legacy: Celebrating 40 Years with 40 Projects’, the 40 signature projects will showcase the NLJ’s depth of value and its myriad contributions to national development since its establishment in 1979. The NLJ originated from the collection of the West India Reference Library (WIRL) that was founded in 1894 as a section of the Public Library of the Institute of Jamaica. This public library was the first of its kind in Jamaica. The NLJ became an autonomous body in 1979 with its own budget and operations. The National Library of Jamaica Act, 2010 confirmed the autonomy of the NLJ, making it a corporate body with a legal framework to formalize the mandate and operations of the library. As an agency of the Ministry of Culture, Gender, Entertainment and Sport, the NLJ’s mission is to ‘enhance the quality of life and prosperity of all citizens by acquiring, preserving and providing access to Jamaica’s cultural and historical information through research and education’. The NLJ is unique in its role in the formal and informal education of the people and is the only library on the island positioned to serve an audience wider than its residents and its diaspora in the global information network.
2019年对牙买加国家图书馆来说是一个特殊的年份,它庆祝了40年来为牙买加文化发展提供的卓越服务。在“动态遗产:40个项目庆祝40年”的主题下,40个标志性项目将展示自1979年成立以来,NLJ的深度价值和对国家发展的无数贡献。NLJ起源于西印度参考图书馆(WIRL)的收藏,该图书馆成立于1894年,是牙买加研究所公共图书馆的一部分。这个公共图书馆是牙买加第一个这样的图书馆。NLJ于1979年成为一个自治机构,拥有自己的预算和运作。2010年《牙买加国家图书馆法案》确认了国家图书馆协会的自治权,使其成为一个法人团体,具有法律框架,以正式确定图书馆的任务和运作。作为文化、性别、娱乐和体育部的一个机构,国家图书馆的使命是“通过研究和教育获取、保存和提供牙买加的文化和历史信息,提高所有公民的生活质量和繁荣”。国家图书馆在人民的正式和非正式教育方面发挥着独特的作用,是岛上唯一一家定位于为全球信息网络中的居民和散居海外的读者提供服务的图书馆。
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引用次数: 0
Sino-Singapore Friendship Library: A collaboration between librarians in China and Singapore 中新友好图书馆:中新两国图书馆员的合作
Ngian Lek Choh
In 2015, the National Library Board (NLB) Singapore was invited to participate in a project to set up two public libraries of about 1500 sq m each, within a larger public library of 67,000 sq m in the Tianjin Eco City. This was the first time NLB had the opportunity to plan two libraries concurrently within a larger library, from conceptualisation to delivering the final product of two working libraries. The libraries were completed and opened in September 2018. This article describes the journey, opportunities, challenges and lessons learnt.
2015年,新加坡国家图书馆委员会(NLB)受邀参与了一个项目,该项目将在天津生态城的一个6.7万平方米的大型公共图书馆内建立两个各约1500平方米的公共图书馆。这是NLB第一次有机会在一个更大的图书馆内同时规划两个图书馆,从概念化到交付两个工作图书馆的最终产品。图书馆于2018年9月完工并开放。本文描述了这段旅程、机遇、挑战和经验教训。
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引用次数: 0
The National Library of Naples 那不勒斯国家图书馆
Francesco Mercurio
The National Library of Naples, originally the Royal Bourbon Library of Naples (i.e. the National Library of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies), is one of the main conservation libraries in Italy for the preservation of Italian history and culture. In recent years, however, we have witnessed a thorough, generational change in library users. Such ‘sea change’ concerns the requests of new services and new uses of the library space. As far as services are concerned, the demand is decisively shifting toward remote, online and digital services. As for library space, on the other hand, the question concerns a rather less formal, more friendly use of the available space. The essential problem to be faced in the next decades will therefore concern the need to reconcile conservation, easy access to information and diversification in the use of library space. We have identified five strategic lines of activities that will characterize our institution for the next decade.
那不勒斯国家图书馆,原为那不勒斯皇家波旁图书馆(即两西西里王国国家图书馆),是意大利保存意大利历史和文化的主要保护图书馆之一。然而,近年来,我们看到图书馆用户发生了彻底的代际变化。这种“翻天覆地的变化”涉及到新服务的需求和图书馆空间的新用途。就服务而言,需求正在果断地转向远程、在线和数字服务。至于图书馆空间,另一方面,这个问题涉及到对可用空间的不那么正式、更友好的使用。因此,今后几十年将面临的基本问题将涉及需要协调保护、方便获取资料和图书馆空间使用多样化之间的关系。我们已经确定了五个战略活动方向,这将是我们机构今后十年的特点。
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引用次数: 0
The National Library of New Zealand (Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa) 新西兰国家图书馆(Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa)
Bill Macnaught
The National Library of New Zealand (Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa) Act 2003 sets out the legal purpose and function of our national library. As there have been many developments since that legislation was drawn up, we decided to look ahead to 2030 and consider what might still be required of the National Library of New Zealand. During 2016 I consulted with stakeholders and staff about several system-level challenges facing the library sector and New Zealand as a country. The challenges focused on how to enable New Zealanders to access knowledge and share it more easily; how to ensure that New Zealanders have the right literacies to succeed; and how to ensure that we preserve knowledge for the future. Our stakeholders and staff supported a strategic focus on these three areas and reinforced the need to work in partnership to achieve change for New Zealand. We then developed a draft strategic directions document for public comment, outlining three areas of focus for the National Library along with examples of potential programmes under each area. This document proposed a new way of working for the National Library and a strong focus on cross-sector collaboration to ensure the best possible outcomes for New Zealanders. The public were asked to comment on the overall directions as well as the specific initiatives proposed and to reflect on the future role of the National Library. At the end of 2016 we published the final document on our website, setting out our strategic directions to 2030. We have called it Turning Knowledge into Value (National Library of New Zealand, 2016). In it, our new mission to 2030 states that we will create
《2003年新西兰国家图书馆(Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa)法案》规定了我们国家图书馆的法律目的和职能。自立法起草以来,有了许多发展,我们决定展望2030年,考虑新西兰国家图书馆可能还需要什么。2016年期间,我与利益相关者和工作人员就图书馆部门和新西兰作为一个国家面临的几个系统层面的挑战进行了咨询。挑战集中在如何使新西兰人能够更容易地获取和分享知识;如何确保新西兰人具备成功所需的文化水平;以及如何确保我们为未来保存知识。我们的利益相关者和员工支持这三个领域的战略重点,并加强了合作伙伴关系的必要性,以实现新西兰的变革。然后,我们制定了一份征求公众意见的战略方向文件草案,概述了国家图书馆的三个重点领域,以及每个领域的潜在项目示例。这份文件为国家图书馆提出了一种新的工作方式,并强烈关注跨部门合作,以确保为新西兰人提供最好的结果。公众被要求对总体方向以及提出的具体倡议发表评论,并反思国家图书馆未来的作用。2016年底,我们在网站上发布了最终文件,确定了我们到2030年的战略方向。我们称之为将知识转化为价值(新西兰国家图书馆,2016)。其中,我们到2030年的新使命表明,我们将创造
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引用次数: 1
Library and Archives Canada 加拿大图书馆和档案馆
Guy Berthiaume
My vision for the next ten years at Library and Archives Canada—LAC for short—only makes sense if one keeps in mind the tremendous democratization of knowledge we have seen in the wake of digitization. At one time, only graduate students, faculty, and researchers visited national libraries. That was certainly my personal experience at the Bibliothèque nationale de France’s Salle Labrouste, when I used to go there 45 years ago. Access to the 320 seats in Salle Labrouste was reserved for faculty and graduate students, and you had to get there early in the morning, at the rue de Richelieu, to line up so you could get one of those coveted seats once the doors opened. These days, thanks to the web, anyone and everyone—not only from our own countries, but from anywhere in the world—has total and unimpeded access to our documents. This has awakened an appetite for knowledge that we frankly find difficult to satisfy. In the French-speaking world, a turning point in the conception of the role of national libraries happened on July 14, 1988, when President François Mitterrand announced his intention to create an entirely new kind of library, one that would be open to everyone and that would be equipped with all types of supports. Since then, the longstanding distinction between a national library and a public library has blurred, and the unprecedented traffic we are seeing today at places such as the British Library (BL) and the Bibliothèque nationale de France are but two examples of that manifestation. Over the past years, LAC has plunged head first into this movement by bringing itself physically closer to public libraries. In November 2017, we moved our Vancouver offices that used to be located in a technology park in a remote suburb, to the premises of the Vancouver Central Library, which, as its name suggests, is located right in the heart of that Pacific Coast city. This shift has borne fruit, not only in terms of attendance, but
我对加拿大图书馆和档案馆(简称lac)未来十年的愿景只有当人们记住我们在数字化之后所看到的巨大的知识民主化时才有意义。曾经有一段时间,只有研究生、教师和研究人员参观国家图书馆。这当然是我45年前在法国国家图书馆萨尔拉布鲁斯特(Salle Labrouste)的亲身经历。Salle Labrouste的320个座位是为教师和研究生保留的,你必须一大早就到黎塞留街(rue de Richelieu)去排队,以便在门一打开就能得到一个令人垂涎的座位。如今,多亏了网络,任何人,每个人——不仅来自我们自己的国家,而且来自世界上任何地方——都可以完全、不受阻碍地访问我们的文件。这唤醒了我们坦率地认为难以满足的求知欲。在法语国家,国家图书馆角色观念的转折点发生在1988年7月14日,当时弗朗索瓦·密特朗总统宣布他打算创建一种全新的图书馆,这种图书馆将向所有人开放,并配备各种支持设备。从那时起,国家图书馆和公共图书馆之间的长期区别变得模糊,我们今天在大英图书馆(BL)和法国国家图书馆(biblioth nationale de France)等地方看到的前所未有的交通只是这种表现的两个例子。在过去的几年里,拉丁美洲图书馆通过拉近与公共图书馆的距离,率先投身到这一运动中。2017年11月,我们将位于偏远郊区科技园的温哥华办公室搬到了温哥华中央图书馆,顾名思义,该图书馆位于太平洋沿岸城市的中心。这种转变不仅在出勤率方面取得了成效,而且
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引用次数: 36
The Swiss National Library 瑞士国家图书馆
Marie-Christine Doffey
In Alexandria 12(3) 2000, as part of a series of pieces on The next ten years in national libraries' the then director of the Swiss National Library, Jean-Frederic Jauslin, outlined some plans and predictions for the next decade, including attempts to achieve legal deposit, gaining more autonomy for the library in order to increase its decision-making powers and working both on conservation of acidic paper and digitization for access. Nearly ten years later, we summarize the results and attempt the same exercise for the next ten years.The library's autonomy has increased as planned, and significant work has been carried out in conservation and preservation of both print and digital material. Plans for legal deposit were not fulfilled but fortunately the long-standing cooperation with the Associations of Swiss publishers has seen continued voluntary deposit of print material and discussions are under way with online publishers to achieve the same.The last ten years have seen a huge growth in online material but little or no decrease in print; in the next years, storage capacity for all media will be required. New underground stacks, inaugurated in August 2009, provide the library with space until 2030 at the current rate of print production. A major challenge will be the increased requirements for electronic storage capacity and preservation; not just for Web archiving and borndigital material but also for the large amounts of digitized material that are being produced.As new formats emerge in the next ten years, the library and others will face its first major tests in migration and/or emulation to secure access over time. The electronic book, long hailed as imminent, seems finally to have arrived. The proliferation of reading devices such as the Kindle may change both collection management and user expectations. Digitization on demand, currently a niche product for the library, will increase if e-readers make loading and access more user friendly. Ten years ago, Google was unknown; today the company is ubiquitous and its impact on digitization and the difficult question of copyright undeniable.The Google Book project has highlighted the difficult areas of orphan works, and varying durations of copyright across countries; these questions will continue to be particularly pertinent for comparatively young institutions such as the Swiss National Library, much of whose collection remains subject to copyright. Cooperation with rights holders will be essential: the Library has already started working in public/private partnerships to digitize and allow widespread access to material, especially newspapers. This form of cooperation will increase over the next years, also in partnership with other Swiss libraries to avoid duplication of effort and share costs in a financial climate that will continue to be challenging.National libraries around the world are seeking increasingly to underline their relevance to all sections of the public, not just a researc
在亚历山大2000年12月3日,作为国家图书馆未来十年系列文章的一部分,当时的瑞士国家图书馆馆长Jean-Frederic Jauslin概述了未来十年的一些计划和预测,包括尝试实现法定存款,为图书馆获得更多的自主权,以增加其决策权力,并致力于酸性纸张的保护和数字化访问。近十年后,我们总结了结果,并尝试在接下来的十年中进行同样的练习。图书馆的自主权已按计划增加,并在保护和保存印刷和数字材料方面开展了重大工作。法定寄存的计划没有实现,但幸运的是,与瑞士出版商协会的长期合作使印刷材料继续自愿寄存,并正在与在线出版商进行讨论,以实现同样的目标。在过去的十年里,在线材料有了巨大的增长,而印刷材料却几乎没有减少;在未来几年中,将需要为所有媒体提供存储容量。新的地下书库于2009年8月落成,按照目前的印刷速度,图书馆可以使用到2030年。一个主要的挑战将是对电子存储容量和保存的要求增加;不仅适用于网络存档和原生数字材料,也适用于正在生产的大量数字化材料。随着未来十年新格式的出现,库和其他库将面临迁移和/或模拟方面的第一次重大考验,以确保访问安全。一直被誉为即将到来的电子书似乎终于到来了。Kindle等阅读设备的普及可能会改变藏书管理和用户期望。按需数字化,目前是图书馆的一个小众产品,如果电子阅读器使加载和访问更方便用户,将会增加。十年前,谷歌还不为人知;如今,该公司无处不在,它对数字化和版权难题的影响不容否认。谷歌图书项目强调了孤儿作品的困难领域,以及各国不同的版权期限;对于像瑞士国家图书馆这样相对年轻的机构来说,这些问题将继续是特别相关的,因为它的许多藏书仍受版权保护。与权利人的合作至关重要:图书馆已经开始在公共/私营伙伴关系中开展工作,以数字化并允许广泛获取材料,特别是报纸。这种形式的合作将在未来几年增加,也将与其他瑞士图书馆合作,以避免重复工作,并在将继续具有挑战性的财政环境中分担成本。世界各地的国家图书馆正越来越多地寻求强调它们与公众各阶层的相关性,而不仅仅是研究“精英”。瑞士国家图书馆一直向公众开放,它的不同寻常之处在于,它把最新的资料借给家庭使用。…
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引用次数: 1
Translator in Residence at the British Library (2017–2018) 英国图书馆驻校翻译(2017-2018)
J. Calleja
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引用次数: 0
Behind the scenes of the British Library Qatar National Library Partnership: Digital operations and workflow management 大英图书馆卡塔尔国家图书馆合作项目的幕后:数字化运营和工作流程管理
R. Davies, Sotirios Alpanis
The British Library and Qatar National Library have been working in partnership since 2012 to make an extraordinary tranche of material available for everyone to access for free via the Qatar Digital Library. This article delves behind the scenes of the partnership, highlighting some of the operational and workflow lessons learnt when running this major digitisation programme. We look in detail at workflow management and coordination, how to use management information to find efficiencies, as well as providing a supportive team atmosphere for creative use of the collections via ‘Hack Days’.
自2012年以来,大英图书馆和卡塔尔国家图书馆一直在合作,通过卡塔尔数字图书馆为每个人提供免费访问的非凡材料。本文深入探讨了合作的幕后,重点介绍了在运行这一重大数字化计划时获得的一些操作和工作流程经验。我们详细介绍了工作流程管理和协调,如何使用管理信息来提高效率,以及通过“Hack Days”为创造性地使用藏品提供支持性的团队氛围。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Alexandria: The Journal of National and International Library and Information Issues
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