Puru Bansal, Dhananjaya I. Bhat, Chirag Jain, Sarada Subramaniam, Anita Mahadevan, Dhaval P. Shukla, B. I. Devi
Introduction Brain injuries from blasts are increasingly common in both civilian and war settings. The impact of blast injuries at different pressure levels remains unclear, and their long-term effects are not well understood. This study investigates how varying blast pressures affect the rat brain over time. Materials and Methods Forty adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups of 10. Three groups were exposed to blasts, while one served as a control and was only subjected to blast sounds. Each group received a single blast at different pressures, followed by neuropsychological tests. After 28 and 84 days, the rats were sacrificed to measure tau protein and acetylcholine esterase levels and to conduct histological examinations of brain tissues. Results A single blast exposure did not significantly impact visuospatial memory or recall. Despite the lack of noticeable cognitive deficits, histopathological and biochemical analyses revealed reduced tau protein levels, indicating ongoing neuronal damage. Conclusion While a single blast did not significantly impair visuospatial memory or recall in this rat model, there were decreases in tau protein and acetylcholine esterase levels, along with histological signs of neuronal damage.
导言 爆炸造成的脑损伤在平民和战争环境中都越来越常见。不同压力水平的爆炸伤害所造成的影响尚不清楚，其长期影响也不甚了解。本研究探讨了不同爆炸压力对大鼠大脑的长期影响。材料和方法 将 40 只成年 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠随机分为四组，每组 10 只。三组暴露于爆炸声，一组作为对照组，只接受爆炸声。每组接受一次不同压力的爆炸，然后进行神经心理测试。28 天和 84 天后，将大鼠处死，测量 tau 蛋白和乙酰胆碱酯酶水平，并对脑组织进行组织学检查。结果 一次爆炸暴露对视觉空间记忆或回忆没有明显影响。尽管没有明显的认知障碍，但组织病理学和生化分析显示 tau 蛋白水平降低，表明神经元正在受到损伤。结论 在这种大鼠模型中，虽然一次爆炸没有明显损害视觉空间记忆或回忆能力，但 tau 蛋白和乙酰胆碱酯酶水平有所降低，组织病理学上也有神经元损伤的迹象。
{"title":"Impact of Single Blast Exposure on Neuronal Damage and Protein Levels in the Rat Brain at Varying Pressures","authors":"Puru Bansal, Dhananjaya I. Bhat, Chirag Jain, Sarada Subramaniam, Anita Mahadevan, Dhaval P. Shukla, B. I. Devi","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788539","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction Brain injuries from blasts are increasingly common in both civilian and war settings. The impact of blast injuries at different pressure levels remains unclear, and their long-term effects are not well understood. This study investigates how varying blast pressures affect the rat brain over time.\u0000 Materials and Methods Forty adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups of 10. Three groups were exposed to blasts, while one served as a control and was only subjected to blast sounds. Each group received a single blast at different pressures, followed by neuropsychological tests. After 28 and 84 days, the rats were sacrificed to measure tau protein and acetylcholine esterase levels and to conduct histological examinations of brain tissues.\u0000 Results A single blast exposure did not significantly impact visuospatial memory or recall. Despite the lack of noticeable cognitive deficits, histopathological and biochemical analyses revealed reduced tau protein levels, indicating ongoing neuronal damage.\u0000 Conclusion While a single blast did not significantly impair visuospatial memory or recall in this rat model, there were decreases in tau protein and acetylcholine esterase levels, along with histological signs of neuronal damage.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141642538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Enrique Hernández Borroto, Orquidia Reyes de Hernández, Y. M. Plana
Homer's Iliad, from the 8th century BC, remains the oldest record of Greek medicine and a unique source of surgical history. The Odyssey, also authored by Homer, narrates several medically significant events. Among the 148 war traumas described in the Iliad, over a quarter occurred in the craniocervical region. Studies on the Odyssey report at least 11 craniocervical traumas, 9 of which prove fatal. Is there any indication of the presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the cases described by Homer, considering its last mention was 800 years prior in the Egyptian surgical papyrus of Edwin Smith? A passage in the Iliad suggests that the “tears” Homer mentions in the eyes of Eumelos, resulting from trauma, might be due to CSF oculorrhea secondary to a skull base fracture. In Odyssey Book IX, when the Cyclops strikes the heads of two sailors, and fluid and cranial contents emerge, it can be inferred that the poet was aware of fluid in the head (CSF), as there is no mention of blood. It is proposed that 800 years after the writing of the Edwin Smith papyrus, Homer probably provides the second human observation of CSF associated with traumatic situations involving direct head blows.
{"title":"Neurotrauma and Cerebrospinal Fluid in Homer's Poems","authors":"Carlos Enrique Hernández Borroto, Orquidia Reyes de Hernández, Y. M. Plana","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788628","url":null,"abstract":"Homer's Iliad, from the 8th century BC, remains the oldest record of Greek medicine and a unique source of surgical history. The Odyssey, also authored by Homer, narrates several medically significant events. Among the 148 war traumas described in the Iliad, over a quarter occurred in the craniocervical region. Studies on the Odyssey report at least 11 craniocervical traumas, 9 of which prove fatal. Is there any indication of the presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the cases described by Homer, considering its last mention was 800 years prior in the Egyptian surgical papyrus of Edwin Smith? A passage in the Iliad suggests that the “tears” Homer mentions in the eyes of Eumelos, resulting from trauma, might be due to CSF oculorrhea secondary to a skull base fracture. In Odyssey Book IX, when the Cyclops strikes the heads of two sailors, and fluid and cranial contents emerge, it can be inferred that the poet was aware of fluid in the head (CSF), as there is no mention of blood. It is proposed that 800 years after the writing of the Edwin Smith papyrus, Homer probably provides the second human observation of CSF associated with traumatic situations involving direct head blows.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141642144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Wadhwa, Swati Tandon, Maya Singh, Daamini Bapat
Background Foreign bodies of neck are a common occurrence after trauma and road traffic accidents. Foreign bodies can get lodged in the neck especially after open wound. These could range from a piece of glass, wood, pebble pieces, or the part of tool used for trauma. Case Presentation We report a case of an unusual foreign body in the neck. Posttrauma, patient had mandibular fracture with dislodgement of teeth in the neck masquerading as foreign body. Patient required surgical intervention for removal of teeth from the neck via an external incision and recovered uneventfully. Conclusion The aim of the article was to highlight the importance of complete clinical and radiological examination in a patient of trauma. Missing teeth especially in cases of mandibular fracture must be searched for carefully.
{"title":"An Unusual Case of Teeth in Neck: An Interesting Case Report","authors":"V. Wadhwa, Swati Tandon, Maya Singh, Daamini Bapat","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788538","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background Foreign bodies of neck are a common occurrence after trauma and road traffic accidents. Foreign bodies can get lodged in the neck especially after open wound. These could range from a piece of glass, wood, pebble pieces, or the part of tool used for trauma.\u0000 Case Presentation We report a case of an unusual foreign body in the neck. Posttrauma, patient had mandibular fracture with dislodgement of teeth in the neck masquerading as foreign body. Patient required surgical intervention for removal of teeth from the neck via an external incision and recovered uneventfully.\u0000 Conclusion The aim of the article was to highlight the importance of complete clinical and radiological examination in a patient of trauma. Missing teeth especially in cases of mandibular fracture must be searched for carefully.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141659091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction Comprehensive rehabilitation is essential to enhance the quality of life and cognitive performance of traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool for TBI rehabilitation due to its ability to provide an engaging and tailored environment. Materials and Methods This was a randomized comparative study conducted at tertiary hospital and included individuals aged between 18 and 60 with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment due to TBI. The participants were divided into a case group receiving intensive VR rehabilitation and a control group receiving standard care. Cognitive assessments were conducted before and after treatment, and during follow-up. Results VR rehabilitation demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive function. The VR group exhibited remarkable progress in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Tower of London (TOL), and Trail Making Test (TMT) scores. Baseline MoCA, TOL, and TMT scores (mean value) of case group 16.5, 11.75, and 14.05 and for control group 17, 10, and 13 were respectively. All the parameters of case group improved at the time of discharge (MoCA: 24.3, TOL: 22, TMT: 27.5) and in follow-up (MoCA: 28.5, TOL: 32.5, TMT: 42.07) as compared with control group at discharge (MoCA: 19, TOL: 13, TMT: 17) and in follow-up (MoCA: 21, TOL: 15, TMT: 19), which shows significant improvement in case group ( p < 0.001) as compared with control group. Conclusion VR rehabilitation significantly improves cognitive outcomes in TBI patients. It has the potential to be a significant tool in TBI rehabilitation.
{"title":"Cognitive Outcomes following Virtual Reality Rehabilitation in Patient with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Randomized Comparative Study","authors":"Ankit Sharma, Arvind Sharma, Surendra Jain, Ashok Gupta, Virendra Deo Sinha","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1778735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1778735","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Comprehensive rehabilitation is essential to enhance the quality of life and cognitive performance of traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool for TBI rehabilitation due to its ability to provide an engaging and tailored environment. Materials and Methods This was a randomized comparative study conducted at tertiary hospital and included individuals aged between 18 and 60 with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment due to TBI. The participants were divided into a case group receiving intensive VR rehabilitation and a control group receiving standard care. Cognitive assessments were conducted before and after treatment, and during follow-up. Results VR rehabilitation demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive function. The VR group exhibited remarkable progress in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Tower of London (TOL), and Trail Making Test (TMT) scores. Baseline MoCA, TOL, and TMT scores (mean value) of case group 16.5, 11.75, and 14.05 and for control group 17, 10, and 13 were respectively. All the parameters of case group improved at the time of discharge (MoCA: 24.3, TOL: 22, TMT: 27.5) and in follow-up (MoCA: 28.5, TOL: 32.5, TMT: 42.07) as compared with control group at discharge (MoCA: 19, TOL: 13, TMT: 17) and in follow-up (MoCA: 21, TOL: 15, TMT: 19), which shows significant improvement in case group ( p < 0.001) as compared with control group. Conclusion VR rehabilitation significantly improves cognitive outcomes in TBI patients. It has the potential to be a significant tool in TBI rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahul Gupta, B. I. Devi, Subhas K Konar, Abhinith Shashidhar, Dhaval Shukla
Abstract Compound fronto-orbital depressed fractures (FODFs) are complex fractures involving the frontal and orbital bones, with associated lacerated wounds on the skin. Repairing such fractures is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Surgical indications include cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, exposed brain matter, frontal sinus fractures, vision impairment, and cosmetic disfigurement. The repair is typically done using titanium implants (low-profile plates [LPPs] and screws) for a good functional outcome. In this case series of 10 patients operated by a single surgeon (RG), we present different techniques for repairing FODF. Early surgery (< 48 hours) was performed to minimize infection risk. Surgical steps included elevation of depressed fragments, dural repair, and reconstruction of orbital walls using LPP. Some cases required inside-out fixation or suture fixation for better alignment of fragments. Autograft was used for severe bone loss. The results showed good functional outcomes with minimal infection rates. Primary single-stage repair using titanium implants provided satisfactory cosmesis. The use of inside-out repair and sutures was beneficial in specific cases. In conclusion, primary repair of FODF with titanium implants is safe and effective, reducing morbidity and cost. Early surgery and proper techniques are crucial for successful outcomes. Longer follow-up is needed to assess long-term viability and bone resorption.
{"title":"Techniques and Surgical Nuances of Management of Comminuted Fronto-Orbital Depressed Fractures: A Single-Surgeon Experience","authors":"Rahul Gupta, B. I. Devi, Subhas K Konar, Abhinith Shashidhar, Dhaval Shukla","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1778729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1778729","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Compound fronto-orbital depressed fractures (FODFs) are complex fractures involving the frontal and orbital bones, with associated lacerated wounds on the skin. Repairing such fractures is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Surgical indications include cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, exposed brain matter, frontal sinus fractures, vision impairment, and cosmetic disfigurement. The repair is typically done using titanium implants (low-profile plates [LPPs] and screws) for a good functional outcome. In this case series of 10 patients operated by a single surgeon (RG), we present different techniques for repairing FODF. Early surgery (< 48 hours) was performed to minimize infection risk. Surgical steps included elevation of depressed fragments, dural repair, and reconstruction of orbital walls using LPP. Some cases required inside-out fixation or suture fixation for better alignment of fragments. Autograft was used for severe bone loss. The results showed good functional outcomes with minimal infection rates. Primary single-stage repair using titanium implants provided satisfactory cosmesis. The use of inside-out repair and sutures was beneficial in specific cases. In conclusion, primary repair of FODF with titanium implants is safe and effective, reducing morbidity and cost. Early surgery and proper techniques are crucial for successful outcomes. Longer follow-up is needed to assess long-term viability and bone resorption.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141684847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Chauhan, S. Bloria, Priya Thappa, Raman Sharma, R. Sarna, Shyam C. Meena, A. Luthra, Nidhi B. Panda, Sandeep Mohindra, Nidhi Singh, Swati Patel
Abstract Background Providing efficient mechanical ventilation using artificial manual breathing unit is a tiring and laborious task for healthcare providers. The current pilot study was planned to assess the efficacy of an automated artificial mechanical breathing unit (respiration control [RC] device) in patients requiring mechanical ventilation in a tertiary care hospital in North India. RC device is an automated bag valve mask ventilator developed in collaboration with Gyrodrive Machineries (P) Ltd. India and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh. Methods Ten adult patients from the emergency and trauma section requiring mechanical ventilation who were unable to obtain ventilators in the intensive care unit were enrolled in the study. The vital parameters of the patients and the respiratory parameters from arterial blood gas were recorded at given time periods. Results All 10 patients recruited in the study were ventilated using the RC device for at least 24 hours. The mean age of the patients was 32.3 ± 4.3 years. The mean Glasgow coma scale was 7.2 ± 2.0 (range: 3–10). The heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure remained within normal limits. There were no episodes of desaturation in any of the patients. The patients' care provider rated their satisfaction with the device as excellent in two patients and good in eight patients. Conclusion RC device has shown a promising result in providing satisfactory care among trauma patients and may be used in providing routine mechanical ventilation among these patients.
{"title":"Assessment of the Efficacy of an Automated AMBU Bag Operating Device (RC Device) in Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Pilot Study","authors":"R. Chauhan, S. Bloria, Priya Thappa, Raman Sharma, R. Sarna, Shyam C. Meena, A. Luthra, Nidhi B. Panda, Sandeep Mohindra, Nidhi Singh, Swati Patel","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1777675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1777675","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Providing efficient mechanical ventilation using artificial manual breathing unit is a tiring and laborious task for healthcare providers. The current pilot study was planned to assess the efficacy of an automated artificial mechanical breathing unit (respiration control [RC] device) in patients requiring mechanical ventilation in a tertiary care hospital in North India. RC device is an automated bag valve mask ventilator developed in collaboration with Gyrodrive Machineries (P) Ltd. India and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh. Methods Ten adult patients from the emergency and trauma section requiring mechanical ventilation who were unable to obtain ventilators in the intensive care unit were enrolled in the study. The vital parameters of the patients and the respiratory parameters from arterial blood gas were recorded at given time periods. Results All 10 patients recruited in the study were ventilated using the RC device for at least 24 hours. The mean age of the patients was 32.3 ± 4.3 years. The mean Glasgow coma scale was 7.2 ± 2.0 (range: 3–10). The heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure remained within normal limits. There were no episodes of desaturation in any of the patients. The patients' care provider rated their satisfaction with the device as excellent in two patients and good in eight patients. Conclusion RC device has shown a promising result in providing satisfactory care among trauma patients and may be used in providing routine mechanical ventilation among these patients.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141341276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses a significant global health challenge, accounting for over 50% of trauma-related deaths and emerging as a leading cause of mortality and disability. Objective This article studies the demographic characteristics, clinical features, imaging findings, and outcomes of TBI patients. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective observational study conducted on 490 patients with TBI. Data regarding age, gender, socioeconomic status, and residential location were extracted from medical records. Neuroimaging reports, including computed tomography (CT) scans results, were analyzed for structural and functional insights. Results The majority of TBI cases involved individuals aged 21 to 40, with a higher incidence in males. Road traffic accidents were identified as the most common mode of injury, followed by falls. Most of the patients had moderate Glasgow Coma Scale scores at admission. CT scans indicated skull fractures, cerebral edema, and subdural hematomas as common findings. Most patients did not require ventilator support, and the majority had a hospital stay of less than 10 days. At discharge, 89.8% exhibited favorable outcomes, while 4.3% experienced mortality during treatment. Follow-up data demonstrated an overall mortality rate of 8.8%, with 89.2% achieving complete recovery within a month. Conclusion The study underscores the importance of understanding the multifaceted aspects of TBI, emphasizing the need for integrated approaches in tertiary medical care to optimize patient outcomes and contribute to effective public health strategies.
{"title":"Demographic Profile, Clinical Features, Imaging, and Outcomes in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Presenting in Garhwal Himalayas in Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Ritish Garg, Pankaj Arora, Vibhu Shankar","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787699","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses a significant global health challenge, accounting for over 50% of trauma-related deaths and emerging as a leading cause of mortality and disability. Objective This article studies the demographic characteristics, clinical features, imaging findings, and outcomes of TBI patients. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective observational study conducted on 490 patients with TBI. Data regarding age, gender, socioeconomic status, and residential location were extracted from medical records. Neuroimaging reports, including computed tomography (CT) scans results, were analyzed for structural and functional insights. Results The majority of TBI cases involved individuals aged 21 to 40, with a higher incidence in males. Road traffic accidents were identified as the most common mode of injury, followed by falls. Most of the patients had moderate Glasgow Coma Scale scores at admission. CT scans indicated skull fractures, cerebral edema, and subdural hematomas as common findings. Most patients did not require ventilator support, and the majority had a hospital stay of less than 10 days. At discharge, 89.8% exhibited favorable outcomes, while 4.3% experienced mortality during treatment. Follow-up data demonstrated an overall mortality rate of 8.8%, with 89.2% achieving complete recovery within a month. Conclusion The study underscores the importance of understanding the multifaceted aspects of TBI, emphasizing the need for integrated approaches in tertiary medical care to optimize patient outcomes and contribute to effective public health strategies.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141365316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nitish Ranjan, V. Maurya, K. Bhaisora, Arun Kumar Srivastava
Abstract Sports-related cervical injuries pose a significant concern in the realm of sports medicine, affecting athletes across various disciplines and levels of competition. Cervical injuries in sports primarily result from a combination of high-impact forces, sudden acceleration–deceleration movements, and improper techniques. Common cervical injuries include sprains, strains, fractures, and more severe conditions such as cervical spine dislocations. The mechanisms underlying sports-related cervical injuries involve complex interactions between biomechanical forces, player dynamics, and environmental factors. Understanding the biomechanics of these injuries is crucial for developing effective preventive strategies. This study highlights the mechanism of injury, primary intervention including transport of athletes, and medical and surgical management with the help of two such cases managed in a single institute in this year, 2023. By addressing the multifaceted aspects of these injuries, the sports community can strive toward creating a safer environment for athletes and minimizing the impact of cervical injuries on their overall well-being and athletic performance.
{"title":"Sports-Related Cervical Spine Injury: A Series of Two Cases with Literature Review","authors":"Nitish Ranjan, V. Maurya, K. Bhaisora, Arun Kumar Srivastava","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1782613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1782613","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sports-related cervical injuries pose a significant concern in the realm of sports medicine, affecting athletes across various disciplines and levels of competition. Cervical injuries in sports primarily result from a combination of high-impact forces, sudden acceleration–deceleration movements, and improper techniques. Common cervical injuries include sprains, strains, fractures, and more severe conditions such as cervical spine dislocations. The mechanisms underlying sports-related cervical injuries involve complex interactions between biomechanical forces, player dynamics, and environmental factors. Understanding the biomechanics of these injuries is crucial for developing effective preventive strategies. This study highlights the mechanism of injury, primary intervention including transport of athletes, and medical and surgical management with the help of two such cases managed in a single institute in this year, 2023. By addressing the multifaceted aspects of these injuries, the sports community can strive toward creating a safer environment for athletes and minimizing the impact of cervical injuries on their overall well-being and athletic performance.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141363479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guramritpal Singh, V. Maurya, K. Bhaisora, A. Srivastava, S. Behari, Raj Kumar
Abstract Postoperative vision loss following spine surgery is a rare and devastating complication with variable incidence. Various risk factors have been identified in the literature. A 16-year-old male presented with neck pain, spastic quadriparesis, and tingling paraesthesia in the left upper limb for the past 3 years. Radiological workup was suggestive of atlantoaxial dislocation with occipitalization of the posterior arch of the atlas (C1). The patient was prone to a horseshoe headrest and underwent occipito-C2-C3 fixation by removing the posterior rim of foramen magnum. Postoperatively, the patient complained of loss of vision in the right eye. Ophthalmology evaluation revealed a loss of perception of light in the right eye due to central retinal artery occlusion. An injectable steroid was started, but there was no improvement in vision in the involved eye. Proper head positioning and avoidance of intraoperative hypotension are modifiable factors to avoid such devastating complications.
{"title":"Unilateral Vision Loss after Posterior Fixation for Traumatic Atlantoaxial Dislocation: A Case Report with Literature Review","authors":"Guramritpal Singh, V. Maurya, K. Bhaisora, A. Srivastava, S. Behari, Raj Kumar","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1782610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1782610","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Postoperative vision loss following spine surgery is a rare and devastating complication with variable incidence. Various risk factors have been identified in the literature. A 16-year-old male presented with neck pain, spastic quadriparesis, and tingling paraesthesia in the left upper limb for the past 3 years. Radiological workup was suggestive of atlantoaxial dislocation with occipitalization of the posterior arch of the atlas (C1). The patient was prone to a horseshoe headrest and underwent occipito-C2-C3 fixation by removing the posterior rim of foramen magnum. Postoperatively, the patient complained of loss of vision in the right eye. Ophthalmology evaluation revealed a loss of perception of light in the right eye due to central retinal artery occlusion. An injectable steroid was started, but there was no improvement in vision in the involved eye. Proper head positioning and avoidance of intraoperative hypotension are modifiable factors to avoid such devastating complications.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141370820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Enrique Hernández Borroto, Orquidia Reyes de Hernández
{"title":"The Lucid Interval of Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich Could Have Been Due to an Epidural Hematoma","authors":"Carlos Enrique Hernández Borroto, Orquidia Reyes de Hernández","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787698","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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