Revista Cuidarte最新文献

Introduction: The burden of nursing care has not been defined as a theoretical or operational concept. However, several studies have demonstrated its impact on the quality of care, the increase in adverse events, and the health of nursing staff.

Objective: To analyze the attributes, factors, antecedents, and consequences associated with the concept of 'burden of nursing care' in order to clarify its meaning.

Materials and methods: A concept analysis was conducted using Walker and Avant's methodological proposal, which examines a concept's defining characteristics and attributes.

Results: The burden of nursing care is the relation between the needs of patients and the time available for direct care, management, and education activities. Both intrinsic and extrinsic patient factors can influence the patient's level of dependency and needs, increasing nursing interventions and hours of care, thereby intensifying the burden of care.

Discussion: The burden of nursing care involves patient centered care with adequate resources. The burden of nursing care demands planning and leadership from nurses. A lack of competencies and experience, combined with institutional inflexibility, increases the burden of nursing care, leading to dissatisfaction and adverse events.

Conclusions: The burden of nursing care is a concept that is epistemically grounded in the interactive-integrative view because it focuses on meeting patients' needs through nursing interventions for direct care, management, and education.

Introduction: The global prevalence of childhood obesity is a public health challenge. Early intervention, including during pregnancy, is essential to prevent this health problem.

Objective: Identify and characterize interventions during the first 1000 days of life that effectively prevent overweight and obesity.

Materials and methods: A scoping review was carried out following the methodology proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. SCOPUS, EBSCOHost and PubMed databases were searched to select relevant articles. The analysis focused on articles published between January 2012 and December 2022.

Results: Fourteen articles with 10 interventions were included. These interventions were implemented in high-income countries and in racial and ethnic groups. Three interventions, involving 1013 women and their children, reported significant effects on preventing overweight and obesity at 18 and 24 months of the child's life.

Discussion: The interventions were characterized as multi-component, educational and based on theories of behavior change, parenting and sensory feeding. They addressed risk factors such as breastfeeding, complementary feeding, physical activity and sleep. There is an increasing use of digital technology in their delivery.

Conclusion: Promising results have been found for the prevention of obesity in the early years of life; therefore, implementation of interventions in low- and middle-income countries is of paramount importance.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic noncommunicable diseases in the world.

Objective: To validate by expert consensus the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) self-management: diabetes (1619) and social support (1504), as well as to validate the intervention of social support for adults in the self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2).

Materials and methods: A consensus study. Several phases were delimited for validation: the first was to validate the results and indicators; the second was to construct and validate the conceptual and operational definitions; and the magnitude of the selected indicators; and the third was to design and validate the intervention of social support for adults in the self-management of DM2.

Results: 28 indicators were selected and validated by experts out of the 44 that make up the nursing outcome of self-management: diabetes, and 9 indicators out of the 12 that make up the social support outcome, both with a Content Validity Index (CVI) of 0.98. As for the intervention, a social support intervention was designed for the self-management of DM2, individualized, and made up of 4 sessions. The components of the intervention include generalities of DM2, healthy life habits, safe care, and emotional support.

Discussion: Nursing professionals must evaluate people who experience diabetes, and their capacity for self-management and social support in order to provide appropriate interventions and evaluate their effectiveness.

Conclusions: The study significantly evidenced the validation of the two nursing outcomes and their respective indicators, added to the conceptual and operational definitions, and their magnitude.

Introduction: Cell phones have increased as a new communication technology in the modern world.

Objective: To determine whether smartphone addiction is significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress among university nursing students in Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico.

Material and methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study involved 212 students who voluntarily participated. Data were collected using two questionnaires: the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The information was then analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear and simple logistic regression models.

Results: 46.70% (99) use their phones for more than 5 hours a day, and 38.20% (68) of the students presented smartphone addiction. Simple linear regression models showed a significant association between SAS-SV scores and DASS- 21 subscale scores. Simple logistic regression models indicated that students with cell phone addiction are 2.57 times more likely to suffer from depression, 2.50 times more likely to experience anxiety, and 3.34 times more likely to suffer from stress compared to those without cell phone addiction.

Discussion: Cell phone addiction was associated with such mental disorders among Mexican university students.

Conclusions: These results could assist educational authorities in developing and implementing strategies to prevent depression, anxiety, and stress associated with smartphone use.

Introduction: Technological advances have transformed communication, making social media essential elements that promote easy access to information.

Objective: To understand the use of podcasts as an educational health technology for disseminating knowledge about child care.

Materials and methods: Online, descriptive, and exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, developed between March and April 2023, using an electronic form with 41 participants, listeners of the podcasts from a technological initiation project. The data was processed in the Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires and analyzed according to Thematic Content Analysis.

Results: The use of the podcast was described as fundamental in the face of different doubts about child care. This educational technology proved enlightening, practical, accessible, and interesting, and the topics addressed were important for expanding the listeners' knowledge. Furthermore, the fact of having an audio format made consuming the content and daily tasks easier.

Discussion: Changes in the participants' behavior were observed through the use ofthis social media, encouraging safe practices and guidance that corroborate health education practices. It has reinforced the importance of social media as a means of disseminating information to improve care practices aimed at the pediatric population.

Conclusions: The podcast is an educational health technology that eases the dissemination of knowledge to the population about child care in a free, practical, and accessible way and can, therefore, be applied to health education, having an innovative character from the perspective of digital health.

Introduction: Clinical simulation in the management of labor improves undergraduate nursing students' clinical competencies by integrating knowledge, skills, and attitudes. This integration facilitates the internalization of theoretical knowledge, reinforcing self-esteem and confidence in providing care.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of clinical simulation on the development of clinical competencies for the management of labor in undergraduate nursing students at a public university in Oaxaca.

Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental pre- and post-test study was conducted with 38 undergraduate nursing students, men and women, in the sixth (18) and fourth (20) semesters. The sample size for comparison of means was calculated in G*Power 3. Data were collected using the Clinical Simulation Competency Assessment Tool (ClinSimCAT). Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed using the statistical software SPSS version 26.0.

Results: The Wilcoxon test revealed statistically significant differences between the mean pretest and post-test scores for the Intervention Group (IG) (p < 0.001). In addition, the Student's t-test showed significant differences between the means of the IG and Control Group (CG) in the post-test (t = 7.598, df = 37, p < 0.0001).

Discussion: Clinical simulation significantly improved students' clinical competencies in the management of labor, which is consistent with the findings of other research studies.

Conclusion: It is crucial that clinical simulation is not limited to technical procedures but also promotes the development of comprehensive nursing skills.

Introduction: Preventive measures effectively reduce the prevalence of diabetes; therefore, having valid instruments to assess them is a priority.

Objective: To validate the content, construct, and reliability of the Diabetes-Prev Scale in the prevention of type 2 diabetes in the population of the Cajamarca region, Peru.

Materials and methods: Descriptive study with validation design. The scale was developed based on the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association and consists of 36 items validated by eight health and nutrition professionals. A survey pilot test was conducted with 385 adults living in the 13 provinces of Cajamarca. Construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis and reliability using McDonald's œ.

Results: The scale comprised 33 items divided into five dimensions: consumption of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes (11 items), harmful dietary and physical habits (6 items), beneficial eating and sleeping habits (5 items), food additives and body weight (6 items), and physical activity and hydration (5 items). Factor loadings were greater than 0.30, and the cumulative variance was 43.66%. The overall scale achieved a reliability of 0.88, making it an adequate and necessary instrument for assessing preventive measures for diabetes in the population.

Discussion: The psychometric properties of instruments that assess various diabetes topics using equivalent statistical tests are also appropriate.

Conclusions: The Diabetes-Prev Scale is a contextualized instrument for the three geographic regions of Peru, offering clear textual and content comprehension with a simple and brief application suitable for diverse populations.

Introduction: Trans persons require particular and specific care, as well as equitable and egalitarian treatment corresponds to an ethical obligation for nurses. In health centers, the care relationship between nurses and trans patients remains unexplored in its entirety.

Objective: To unveil the nursing care perceived by trans persons in Chilean health centers.

Materials and methods: Qualitative study, based on a phenomenological design according to Alfred Schutz. The data were collected through an in-depth interview conducted through Google Meet, then for the analysis of the data, the guidelines suggested by social phenomenology were followed. To safeguard the credibility, consistency and accuracy of the results, Lincoln and Guba's criteria of rigor were used.

Results: The data were saturated with 9 participants from different regions of Chile. Four themes emerged from the research that describe the perception of trans persons in relation to the nursing care received: characteristics of humanized care; care in an ethical-legal perspective; facilitating factors for care and hindering factors for care.

Discussion: Findings exposed in other studies were found, such as the need for gender training for nurses and the challenges and structural barriers faced by trans people; on the contrary, competent trans care practices and with respect to gender identity that differ from those referred to by other studies are highlighted.

Conclusions: Nursing care perceived by trans persons is a complex phenomenon, influenced by various personal factors, experiences, feelings and emotions that shape the perception and quality of care.

Introduction: Neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia is a form of functional dysphagia usually caused by neurological and neuromuscular diseases, which produces several secondary complications. To improve its detection and characterization, models are emerging that integrate clinical variables to complement the physical examination of swallowing.

Objective: Develop an explanatory model to differentiate patients with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia.

Materials and methods: Case control study based on a set ofdata derived from the clinical examination of swallowing with neurological emphasis carried out in a sample of patients with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia of neurological and neuromuscular causes (cases), and in healthy people (controls).

Results: 158 clinical variables were compared between both groups, where those with the greatest classification capacity were identified, integrated into an explanatory binary logistic regression model made up of nine variables: two history, two symptoms, three physical examination signs and two signs after consistency/volume test with food. The dependent variable was the category of being healthy or patient and the covariates were the clinical variables. Parameters reached by the model: Akaike information criterion 102 and Nagelkerke R2 0.78.

Discussion: The nine variables that entered the model, together, largely explain the presence of neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia, and are accessible by physical examination of swallowing.

Conclusions: The model obtained can improve and/or complement the evaluation process carried out in patients with dysphagia of functional causes, neurological and neuromuscular diseases, in screening and diagnostic characterization processes.

Introduction: Numerous factors contribute over time to changes in lifestyle behaviors, and the COVID-19 pandemic not only altered individuals' routines but also influenced the factors affecting their chronic conditions.

Objective: To understand the perception of patients with cardiometabolic diseases regarding adaptations to their lifestyle after contracting COVID-19.

Materials and methods: This exploratory study with a qualitative approach was conducted with nine patients diagnosed with cardiometabolic diseases who tested positive for COVID-19. Data collection involved semi-structured audio-recorded interviews, which were transcribed and processed using IRAMUTEQ software.

Results: The collective discourse revealed that mass contamination by the coronavirus and subsequent Long COVID triggered significant fears and anxieties, as well as increases in muscle pain, fatigue, and difficulties in maintaining blood pressure and/or glycemic control. These issues directly impacted the daily routines of infected patients. However, there was also an awakening due to changes in lifestyle.

Discussion: The complexity of the experiences reported by infected patients influenced their desire to adopt a healthy lifestyle and seek knowledge.

Conclusion: The number of patients affected by COVID-19 in its acute and long phases is concerning for both society and health professionals, highlighting the need to expand strategies aimed at quality care and ensuring adequate monitoring across different spheres of care.