Revista Cuidarte最新文献

Introduction: With aging, there is an increased risk of suffering from different chronic diseases, including high blood pressure. Hypertension management must be carried out by health professionals, whether or not treatment involves medication. By controlling drug treatment, especially adherence, serious health problems for older people can be avoided.

Objective: To determine the factors associated with adherence to arterial hypertension treatment in older adults who live at home.

Materials and methods: A quantitative and cross-sectional study was conducted in La Libertad Region, Peru, with 342 older adults living at home. For data collection, a sociodemographic profile form, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure measurements, the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) test, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and the Morisky Green Levine (MGL) adherence scale were used. In addition, descriptive and analytical statistics were used.

Result: 57.60% of the participants did not adhere to the pharmacological treatment, and, in most of the sociodemographic variables examined, they did not adhere to pharmacological treatment in most cases. Likewise, a relationship between retirement in older adults and the MGL adherence scale score was identified. The study showed evidence linking treatment adherence and age (p=0.01), retirement status (p=0.05), and history of stroke (p=0.004).

Discussion: Treatment adherence depends on sociodemographic and health factors for disease control and a healthy lifestyle.

Conclusion: Older adults and their caregivers need guidance and education to improve adherence to pharmacological treatments.

Introduction: People's work has always transformed the world; however, it has also posed many risks and diseases. Likewise, work has been affected by globalization, technology, and the COVID-19 health crisis. There have been transformations in employment structures and working conditions, which have become more demanding. These conditions have predisposed negative psychosocial factors that threaten health, causing occupational illnesses and accidents and, consequently, poor work performance.

Objective: To determine the relationship between psychosocial factors and work performance in employees of a private educational institution in Lima.

Methods: Quantitative approach, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational design. A total of 120 employees of the private educational institution participated in the study, according to a non-probabilistic sampling method. The Psychosocial Factors at Work Questionnaire and the "Individual Work Performance Questionnaire," shared digitally via e-mail, were used.

Results: Of the total respondents, 52.50% had a good perception of psychosocial factors; however, a poor perception was identified in the dimensions "work demands" (63.30%) and "satisfaction with performance compensation" (52.50%).

Conclusion: Workers who indicated high work demands were 11 times more likely to have high work performance (OR: 11.03; 95% CI: 1.71-17.95).

Introduction: In the world, one billion people have some kind of disability, among them hearing impairment and more than 190 million are deaf women. It is relevant technologies for inclusive and accessible education about breast cancer to deaf women.

Objective: To build and validate an educational video for deaf women on breast cancer prevention and screening.

Materials and method: Methodological study with construction of educational video and validation by 11 content specialists and seven technical specialists. Content based on the Ministry of Health and the National Cancer Institute. The Health Education Content Validation Instrument was used for content analysis. Validity was attested by the Content Validity Index and the binomial test.

Results: The video is 17 minutes and 12 seconds long. In the content validation all items had agreement above 90.9% among participants. The overall Content Validity Index was above 0.90 among the content experts. 85.8% of the technical experts considered the material excellent, very good or good.

Discussion: The video contributes to teaching and learning about the theme, self-care actions and health promotion for deaf women.

Conclusions: Video constructed with narration in LIBRAS, was considered valid in terms of content and technical aspects and can be used in future research and health education for deaf women.

Introduction: Educational materials, such as booklets, are tools that help in caregiving and elucidate relevant and sensitive interventions to the health context, especially in home care for children with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Objective: To build and validate a booklet to guide parents and caregivers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Materials and methods: Methodological study for the construction and validation of a booklet by judges and the target audience. The material was written, designed, and laid out with subsequent validation by judges, considering the content validity index for data analysis.

Results: Booklet composed of 13 themes and 32 pages. The validation had 21 content judges obtaining an index of 0.89. Seven judges in appearance evaluated and scored the index of 0.91. 17 participants from the target audience evaluated general content with an index of 0.99. After adjustments, the readability index obtained a satisfactory percentage of 54%.

Discussion and conclusion: The constructed material portrays the daily life of families, presents illustrations in health and education services and is sensitive to the studied audience. The booklet was considered valid in terms of content and appearance and suitable for use in nursing care for children with the disorder, contributing to adequate guidance for parents and caregivers.

Introduction: Changes in sleep patterns increase susceptibility to weight gain.

Objective: To estimate the association between the quality and quantity of sleep hours per night and Body Mass Index (BMI) in Mexican college adolescents.

Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study conducted among incoming nursing students in a public university in Mexico. Convenience sampling was used, involving n=134 students (18-19 years old), volunteers, and enrolled in the nursing program. Sleep quality and quantity were measured through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). BMI was calculated using the standard formula. The protocol was approved by the School of Nursing Ethics Committee, and the participants signed informed consent.

Results: Mean age 18.21 years (SD= .42 years), 82.84% female, 45.52% overweight or obese (95% CI= 35.46 -52.86%). 44.02% of participants reported sleeping < 6 hours per night, and 50.00% reported poor sleep quality in the past four weeks. After adjustment for age, sex, and occupation, sleep quality was not associated with BMI (OR= 1.01; 95% CI= .94 -1.08; z= .31; p= .75); increased BMI was associated with a greater likelihood of sleeping 6 hours or less (OR= 1.08; 95% CI= 1.01 - 1.16; z= 2.25; p= .02).

Discussion: Hormonal changes, behavioral factors, and the environment may explain the association.

Conclusions: It is advisable to implement educational strategies to improve sleep hygiene among this population.

Introduction: Serum vitamin D levels depend on sunlight, diet, and other factors.

Objective: We aimed to determine serum vitamin D levels and evaluate their relationship with anthropometric indicators and lifestyle habits in apparently healthy volunteers.

Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study (n=75), socio-demographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle habit-related data were collected. Serum vitamin D levels were determined with high performance liquid chromatography, food intake was measured by semiquantitative frequency and nutritional status was assessed by anthropometry. Chi-square test and also principal component analysis were used to analyze the relationship between some variables and vitamin D status. Spearman's test was used to determine correlations between quantitative variables.

Results: 73% were women and 61% belonged to medium socio-economic level. Median vitamin D intake was 137 (83.1-227.3) IU/day. Based on body mass index (BMI), 44% individuals had overweight/obesity. The 68% exhibited deficient/insufficient vitamin D levels (Hypovitaminosis D). BMI classification and waist circumference (CW) were not related with vitamin D status; however, activities with higher sun exposure were highly related (p = 0.013). Sun exposure time explained variation in component 2 (16.60%), where most of the individuals with normal level were grouped. Sun exposure time was positively correlated with vitamin D status (r = 0.263; p = 0.023).

Discussion: Excess weight and abdominal obesity are not always associated with hypovitaminosis D.

Conclusions: The majority of individuals showed hypovitaminosis D but their status was not related with anthropometric indicators. A Sun exposure time was the only factor positively correlated with vitamin D status.

Introduction: This article is an important contribution to the application of Callista Roy's Adaptation Model to groups.

Objective: To promote adaptive behaviors through primary health care strategies for a group of chronically ill older adults living in a municipality in the department of Cundinamarca, Colombia.

Materials and methods: A qualitative participatory action research approach was used. A nurse used participant observation and characterized the community; besides, with exploratory questions, the nurse enabled them to identify their problems and suggest strategies for improvement, including for their own health. Subsequently, the nursing care process was applied.

Results: Group behavior was assessed through the following modes of adaptation: physiologic adaptation, self concept or group identity, role-function adaptation or unit of social functioning and social integrity, and interdependence adaptation or social context in which the group functions.

Discussion: Applying Roy's model in practice makes it possible to identify negative situations in groups, promote innovative coping processes, and control environmental stimuli in a community. Assessment skills must be sharp, as they are key to applying Roy's model to community practice.

Conclusions: The stimuli that trigger the main adaptation problems were identified, and a nursing care plan was implemented developing adaptation strategies, such as home visits, intergenerational meetings, community participation with support groups created by the municipality, and health education, to promote group adaptation.

Introduction: People with multimorbidity and their caregivers are beginning to be recognized as emerging subjects of health systems. In Colombia there is no differentiated approach to care for this population, as well as its health-disease process.

Objective: To understand the experience of people with multimorbidity and their caregivers after receiving a case management intervention.

Methods and materials: It is a qualitative study in which 33 participants among people with multimorbidity and their caregivers who received intervention with case managers were interviewed, a comparative analysis and use to tools analytics grounded theory.

Results: There are 3 dimensions that are, the actors where nursing becomes relevant as a reliable source of care; the Care Meeting, as a space created within case management to maintain trust and; Results in the health system, where the need to integrate this type of outbreak into the Colombian Health Model is confirmed.

Discussion: Complementary qualitative evidence data from the central study with a greater impact on the quality of care through the therapeutic relationship at home.

Conclusion: The dyad requires home support for self-management of the disease based on trust, empathy, empowerment and administrative management carried out by case managers.

Introduction: Breastfeeding (BF) is an essential part of the comprehensive care nurses provide in the Neonatal Care Unit (NCU). Due to the workload and delegation of different care activities, the dynamics in these units focus on innovation using technology and postpone humanization of service, undermining BF support.

Objective: To design a BF support program at NCU.

Materials and methods: Qualitative participatory action research. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with health professionals with expertise in BF. Some of them worked in NCU of the health facility where the study was conducted; others were external. Their experience and knowledge were used to identify the key elements for designing a BF support program at the UCN.

Results: They are presented in the following categories: a) breastfeeding culture, including institutional policy on breastfeeding and standardization of the process; b) quality, including registration and control of activities; and c) monitoring of indicators and continuous auditing.

Discussion: A BF program has been designed and it will be implemented by the health facility to prevent the interruption of exclusive BF through support, training, standardization, and promotion.

Conclusion: Nurses are interested in standardizing a program that allows them to provide patients with truthful and concise information, and they view education as a fundamental pillar in the development of a successful BF program.