Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555402
M. Kampik
The paper presents an analysis of the effect of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) resolution on the RMS value of the sinusoidal signal generated by the digitally synthesized source (DSS) of low-frequency standard AC voltage. The analysis applies to the DSS operating in the constant sampling time (CST) mode and being calibrated using the peak-to-peak method.
{"title":"Analysis of the effect of DAC resolution on RMS value of the signal generated by the digital source of low-frequency standard AC voltage","authors":"M. Kampik","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555402","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an analysis of the effect of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) resolution on the RMS value of the sinusoidal signal generated by the digitally synthesized source (DSS) of low-frequency standard AC voltage. The analysis applies to the DSS operating in the constant sampling time (CST) mode and being calibrated using the peak-to-peak method.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131800508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555693
D. Schneider, Tilo van Ekeris, Joschka zur Jacobsmuehlen, Sebastian Gross
This paper discusses motion blur reduction in digital images as a pre-processing step for automated visual inspection (AVI) systems. It is described how impulse responses of prevalent inspection set-ups can be modelled for efficient image enhancement. Common criteria for deconvolution performance measurements are listed and the results of a competitive benchmark of 13 state-of-the-art non-blind deconvolution algorithms are presented. Covered topics are illustrated by the example of a real-world inspection system for automatic quality control in woven fabrics. To meet real-time requirements, the efficient implementation of two selected algorithms based on GPU hardware is presented.
{"title":"On benchmarking non-blind deconvolution algorithms: A sample driven comparison of image de-blurring methods for automated visual inspection systems","authors":"D. Schneider, Tilo van Ekeris, Joschka zur Jacobsmuehlen, Sebastian Gross","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555693","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses motion blur reduction in digital images as a pre-processing step for automated visual inspection (AVI) systems. It is described how impulse responses of prevalent inspection set-ups can be modelled for efficient image enhancement. Common criteria for deconvolution performance measurements are listed and the results of a competitive benchmark of 13 state-of-the-art non-blind deconvolution algorithms are presented. Covered topics are illustrated by the example of a real-world inspection system for automatic quality control in woven fabrics. To meet real-time requirements, the efficient implementation of two selected algorithms based on GPU hardware is presented.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"131 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132443551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555528
H. Peregrina-Barreto, L. A. Morales-Hernández, J. Rangel-Magdaleno, P. Vazquez-Rodriguez
Thermal image analysis has been extended to a wide variety of application in the medicine field. Thermography and image processing are useful tools because they facilitate a noninvasive and fast diagnostic. In the study of the diabetic foot, it is important the early detection of ulceration risks. Such detection becomes difficult, due to the lack of symptoms in the early phase. A late detection may lead to an extremity amputation. In the literature it has been established a relation between temperature and ulceration regions and, in recent works, some qualitative solutions for risk ulceration diagnostic based on a thermal analysis of the plantar foot have been proposed. In this work, an analysis and quantitative comparison of the temperature between the feet by using the concept of angiosome on diabetic patients is proposed. The goal of this study is to provide useful information in the early foot ulcers detection in patients with diabetic neuropathy.
{"title":"Thermal image processing for quantitative determination of temperature variations in plantar angiosomes","authors":"H. Peregrina-Barreto, L. A. Morales-Hernández, J. Rangel-Magdaleno, P. Vazquez-Rodriguez","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555528","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal image analysis has been extended to a wide variety of application in the medicine field. Thermography and image processing are useful tools because they facilitate a noninvasive and fast diagnostic. In the study of the diabetic foot, it is important the early detection of ulceration risks. Such detection becomes difficult, due to the lack of symptoms in the early phase. A late detection may lead to an extremity amputation. In the literature it has been established a relation between temperature and ulceration regions and, in recent works, some qualitative solutions for risk ulceration diagnostic based on a thermal analysis of the plantar foot have been proposed. In this work, an analysis and quantitative comparison of the temperature between the feet by using the concept of angiosome on diabetic patients is proposed. The goal of this study is to provide useful information in the early foot ulcers detection in patients with diabetic neuropathy.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133915562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555606
G. Fusiek, P. Orr, Hao Wang, P. Niewczas
In this paper we demonstrate a novel, all-optical differential current protection scheme. By monitoring the optical power reflected from two matched hybrid fiber Bragg grating current sensors and using a simple optoelectronic threshold detector, an immediate response to an increase in differential current is achieved. A preliminary laboratory embodiment is constructed in order to characterize the performance of the scheme. The proposed technique does not require a complex sensor interrogation scheme, usually characterized by a limited sampling frequency, and thus will be capable of facilitating inexpensive and fast-acting differential protection over long distances.
{"title":"All-optical differential current detection technique for unit protection applications","authors":"G. Fusiek, P. Orr, Hao Wang, P. Niewczas","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555606","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we demonstrate a novel, all-optical differential current protection scheme. By monitoring the optical power reflected from two matched hybrid fiber Bragg grating current sensors and using a simple optoelectronic threshold detector, an immediate response to an increase in differential current is achieved. A preliminary laboratory embodiment is constructed in order to characterize the performance of the scheme. The proposed technique does not require a complex sensor interrogation scheme, usually characterized by a limited sampling frequency, and thus will be capable of facilitating inexpensive and fast-acting differential protection over long distances.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121636185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555601
P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, S. Rinaldi, G. Prytz
In modern real-time Ethernet networks for substation automation, several protocols are adopted to guarantee the strict synchronization and availability requirements imposed by applications. The management of these networks is more and more complex, since several (cross-influencing) configuration parameters affect the performance of the overall system. In this paper the attention has been focused on synchronization systems applied to redundant network infrastructures for substation automation: in these systems the reconfiguration of the network after a fault may affect the synchronization performance of the nodes. As a test case the SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) synchronization has been simulated (with different fault conditions) using two network topologies typically adopted in Substation Automation Systems: RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) and PRP (Parallel Redundancy Protocol). The performance of the two cases has been compared by means of suitable metrics: PRP, as opposed to RSTP, guarantees seamless synchronization performance in case of a single fault.
{"title":"Analysis of synchronization performance in redundant networks for substation automation","authors":"P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, S. Rinaldi, G. Prytz","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555601","url":null,"abstract":"In modern real-time Ethernet networks for substation automation, several protocols are adopted to guarantee the strict synchronization and availability requirements imposed by applications. The management of these networks is more and more complex, since several (cross-influencing) configuration parameters affect the performance of the overall system. In this paper the attention has been focused on synchronization systems applied to redundant network infrastructures for substation automation: in these systems the reconfiguration of the network after a fault may affect the synchronization performance of the nodes. As a test case the SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) synchronization has been simulated (with different fault conditions) using two network topologies typically adopted in Substation Automation Systems: RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) and PRP (Parallel Redundancy Protocol). The performance of the two cases has been compared by means of suitable metrics: PRP, as opposed to RSTP, guarantees seamless synchronization performance in case of a single fault.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"274 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121427254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555668
S. Qaisar, D. Dallet, S. Benjamin, P. Desprez, R. Yahiaoui
In modern era the utilization of battery empowered systems is growing exponentially. In the goal to achieve an optimal system performance, the employment of a BMS (Battery Management System) is inevitable. The recent sophistications in the area of BMSs are demanding more and more processing resources. Reducing the BMS power consumption is becoming one of the most difficult industrial challenges. Most of efforts to achieve this goal are focused on improving the embedded systems design, but very few studies target to exploit the input signal time-varying nature. This work aims to achieve power efficiency by smartly adapting the system activity to the input signal local variations. In this context a novel A/D conversion approach is derived. The proposed solution, based on the LCSS (Level Crossing Sampling Scheme) presents an ADC (A/D Converter), able to adapt its acquisition rate according to the input signal variations. In fact, the principle is to smartly exploit the signal local characteristics to acquire only the relevant signal parts at relevant sampling rate. The idea offers a significant reduction in acquired number of samples and hence promises a drastic reduction in the system power consumption compared to the classical approach.
{"title":"Power efficient analog to digital conversion for the Li-ion battery voltage monitoring and measurement","authors":"S. Qaisar, D. Dallet, S. Benjamin, P. Desprez, R. Yahiaoui","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555668","url":null,"abstract":"In modern era the utilization of battery empowered systems is growing exponentially. In the goal to achieve an optimal system performance, the employment of a BMS (Battery Management System) is inevitable. The recent sophistications in the area of BMSs are demanding more and more processing resources. Reducing the BMS power consumption is becoming one of the most difficult industrial challenges. Most of efforts to achieve this goal are focused on improving the embedded systems design, but very few studies target to exploit the input signal time-varying nature. This work aims to achieve power efficiency by smartly adapting the system activity to the input signal local variations. In this context a novel A/D conversion approach is derived. The proposed solution, based on the LCSS (Level Crossing Sampling Scheme) presents an ADC (A/D Converter), able to adapt its acquisition rate according to the input signal variations. In fact, the principle is to smartly exploit the signal local characteristics to acquire only the relevant signal parts at relevant sampling rate. The idea offers a significant reduction in acquired number of samples and hence promises a drastic reduction in the system power consumption compared to the classical approach.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116357651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555600
J. Villanueva, S. Catunda, R. Freire, Maxwell M. Costa, Nestor S. Castro Ingaroca
This paper presents the procedures for the wind speed measurement using ultrasonic transducers. The wind speed measurement is based on the time-of-flight (ToF) ultrasonic estimation that has been estimated using the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm. For this purpose it was developed the dynamic system model in state space and was analyzed the convergence of the EKF algorithm. Simulation results are presented considering the presence of additive Gaussian noise.
{"title":"Wind speed measurement based on time-of-flight estimation using Extended Kalman Filter","authors":"J. Villanueva, S. Catunda, R. Freire, Maxwell M. Costa, Nestor S. Castro Ingaroca","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555600","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the procedures for the wind speed measurement using ultrasonic transducers. The wind speed measurement is based on the time-of-flight (ToF) ultrasonic estimation that has been estimated using the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm. For this purpose it was developed the dynamic system model in state space and was analyzed the convergence of the EKF algorithm. Simulation results are presented considering the presence of additive Gaussian noise.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114751437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555438
W. Buller, B. Wilson, L. Nieuwstadt, J. Ebling
A statistical analysis was performed on measured radar reflections from a broad range of personal vehicle classes. The outcome of this study is two-fold: 1.) An improved understanding of the radar scattering components of automobiles, which informs the design of surrogate test targets for evaluating automotive pre-collision system (PCS) radars, and 2.) statistical models for evaluating surrogate targets and characterizing target models for PCS radar system designs. We examined the validity of two-parameter distribution models applied to measurements of subject vehicle's radar cross-section (RCS) and found the Weibull distribution to be the best fit. In evaluating the goodness-of-fit of the Weibull distribution model, using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, we deem an acceptable fit between the model and the measured RCS data for our intended project outcome.
{"title":"Statistical modelling of measured automotive radar reflections","authors":"W. Buller, B. Wilson, L. Nieuwstadt, J. Ebling","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555438","url":null,"abstract":"A statistical analysis was performed on measured radar reflections from a broad range of personal vehicle classes. The outcome of this study is two-fold: 1.) An improved understanding of the radar scattering components of automobiles, which informs the design of surrogate test targets for evaluating automotive pre-collision system (PCS) radars, and 2.) statistical models for evaluating surrogate targets and characterizing target models for PCS radar system designs. We examined the validity of two-parameter distribution models applied to measurements of subject vehicle's radar cross-section (RCS) and found the Weibull distribution to be the best fit. In evaluating the goodness-of-fit of the Weibull distribution model, using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, we deem an acceptable fit between the model and the measured RCS data for our intended project outcome.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115154242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555662
G. D. Leo, C. Liguori, A. Pietrosanto, V. Paciello, A. Paolillo
In industrial inspection systems adopting machine vision devices and algorithms, a fundamental role is played by the illumination sub-system, since its good design helps in making the software simpler and more robust and reliable. However, the configuration of the illumination parameters is often effected by trial and error and may result into non-optimal solutions, higher costs and worse uncertainty of final measurements. This paper describes an analytical model of the whole system composed of illuminator, surface under measurement and camera, which can be used as a basis to immediately set up the illumination subsystem. Results will be reported showing the achievable improvements, also as a reduction of the measurement uncertainty.
{"title":"Illumination design in vision-based measurement systems","authors":"G. D. Leo, C. Liguori, A. Pietrosanto, V. Paciello, A. Paolillo","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555662","url":null,"abstract":"In industrial inspection systems adopting machine vision devices and algorithms, a fundamental role is played by the illumination sub-system, since its good design helps in making the software simpler and more robust and reliable. However, the configuration of the illumination parameters is often effected by trial and error and may result into non-optimal solutions, higher costs and worse uncertainty of final measurements. This paper describes an analytical model of the whole system composed of illuminator, surface under measurement and camera, which can be used as a basis to immediately set up the illumination subsystem. Results will be reported showing the achievable improvements, also as a reduction of the measurement uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117031101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-06DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555508
A. Penirschke, R. Jakoby
This paper presents novel metamaterial moisture sensors based on composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line resonators, applicable for moisture measurements in brick and stone walls. Metamaterials are periodic structures consisting of series capacitors and shunt inductors with a periodicity well below the wavelength that can have properties similar to homogeneous materials. For sensing applications, metamaterial structures exhibit high sensitivity and the advantage of scalability in frequency and size as well as the ability of conformal implementation to the sensing task [1-2]. For proof of concept, a reflection type and a transmittance type sensor for implementation in small boreholes are realized and tested in a dedicated measurement setup.
{"title":"Metamaterial transmission line resonators for structural moisture sensing in buildings","authors":"A. Penirschke, R. Jakoby","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555508","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents novel metamaterial moisture sensors based on composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line resonators, applicable for moisture measurements in brick and stone walls. Metamaterials are periodic structures consisting of series capacitors and shunt inductors with a periodicity well below the wavelength that can have properties similar to homogeneous materials. For sensing applications, metamaterial structures exhibit high sensitivity and the advantage of scalability in frequency and size as well as the ability of conformal implementation to the sensing task [1-2]. For proof of concept, a reflection type and a transmittance type sensor for implementation in small boreholes are realized and tested in a dedicated measurement setup.","PeriodicalId":432388,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114930457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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