Pub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.1948
Marek Poleszczuk
The article describes the theoretical basics, origins and present meaning of Polish migration policy, based on chosen migration statistics. It contains the characteristics of the views of the key experts in the field. It explains the meaning of migration policy and its impact on the so-cial security of the country. The article is based on the statistical data of the immigration of people from Ukraine to Poland in comparison with other countries in the years 2010–2018. The article also explains the meaning of the phenomenon of migration and its influence on the labour market.
{"title":"The migration challenges in the aspect of social security and migration policy of Poland","authors":"Marek Poleszczuk","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.1948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1948","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the theoretical basics, origins and present meaning of Polish migration policy, based on chosen migration statistics. It contains the characteristics of the views of the key experts in the field. It explains the meaning of migration policy and its impact on the so-cial security of the country. The article is based on the statistical data of the immigration of people from Ukraine to Poland in comparison with other countries in the years 2010–2018. The article also explains the meaning of the phenomenon of migration and its influence on the labour market.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121688282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.1950
A. Radomyski, Daniel Michalski
In this article, the authors focus on the possibilities of realization and implementation in the national deterrence strategy, paying particular attention to measures that could create a state’s military potential in this area. The article’s aim is to reveal the need to build a deterrence strat-egy in Poland as a necessary element for the implementation of security policy in a changing international environment and the possibility of its implementation with the current potential of the state. In order to determine the possibility of building the military capacity of the deter-rence strategy, the authors reviewed the quantitative and qualitative measures of air robbery and their impact on its implementation. In addition, they proposed a framework for a strategy for the use of military deterrence measures using the concept of the J. Warden. This is carried out based on analysis of the possibilities of the tactical-technical modern means of air attack and means of destruction.
{"title":"Military aircraft, ballistic missiles and maneuver rockets as effective means of deterring the potential enemy","authors":"A. Radomyski, Daniel Michalski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.1950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1950","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the authors focus on the possibilities of realization and implementation in the national deterrence strategy, paying particular attention to measures that could create a state’s military potential in this area. The article’s aim is to reveal the need to build a deterrence strat-egy in Poland as a necessary element for the implementation of security policy in a changing international environment and the possibility of its implementation with the current potential of the state. In order to determine the possibility of building the military capacity of the deter-rence strategy, the authors reviewed the quantitative and qualitative measures of air robbery and their impact on its implementation. In addition, they proposed a framework for a strategy for the use of military deterrence measures using the concept of the J. Warden. This is carried out based on analysis of the possibilities of the tactical-technical modern means of air attack and means of destruction.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127606455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.1953
M. Sokołowski
Security is a concept defined in various ways. It is often emphasized that it is one of the constitutive attributes of human beings that define their activity. Presently, there is a tendency to eschew the state-centric concept of security in favour of the anthropocentric one. The fact that the main focus of this anthropocentric concept of security is on personal security situates the above issue within the area of security culture. The contemporary analysis of the threats that affect human safety requires the identification of diverse cause-and-effect relationhips in the complex postmodern reality, both material and non-material one. The emergence of the category of risk, on the other hand, implies the necessity of shifting the key security-related foci from the subjective sphere to the sphere of personal safety. The article is an attempt to systematize the concept of personal security and define its essence in the perspective of security sciences. For the sake of such a research objective, the problem has been formulated in the following way: What is the essence of personal security and how is it defined in the field of security sciences? The issue has been little studied so far, and the adopted qualitative approach forces the author to abandon the research hypothesis, as a non-assumptive approach has been taken in the task of investigating the researched concept. The work uses the method of the critical analysis of subject literature. The resulting systematisation of knowledge in the researched area is an attempt to review the concepts used in security sciences in such a way that allows to organize the concepts regarding personal security.
{"title":"The concept and the essence of personal security","authors":"M. Sokołowski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.1953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1953","url":null,"abstract":"Security is a concept defined in various ways. It is often emphasized that it is one of the constitutive attributes of human beings that define their activity. Presently, there is a tendency to eschew the state-centric concept of security in favour of the anthropocentric one. The fact that the main focus of this anthropocentric concept of security is on personal security situates the above issue within the area of security culture. The contemporary analysis of the threats that affect human safety requires the identification of diverse cause-and-effect relationhips in the complex postmodern reality, both material and non-material one. The emergence of the category of risk, on the other hand, implies the necessity of shifting the key security-related foci from the subjective sphere to the sphere of personal safety. The article is an attempt to systematize the concept of personal security and define its essence in the perspective of security sciences. For the sake of such a research objective, the problem has been formulated in the following way: What is the essence of personal security and how is it defined in the field of security sciences? The issue has been little studied so far, and the adopted qualitative approach forces the author to abandon the research hypothesis, as a non-assumptive approach has been taken in the task of investigating the researched concept. The work uses the method of the critical analysis of subject literature. The resulting systematisation of knowledge in the researched area is an attempt to review the concepts used in security sciences in such a way that allows to organize the concepts regarding personal security.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132552036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.1956
M. Wiśniewska
The first self-assessments of nuclear security culture in a medical facility in Poland (2017–2018) have become the milestone for this small organization. It enabled the personnel to understand nuclear security culture and encouraged the managers to plan further improvements in nuclear security culture in the future. The research project titled “The Enhancement of Nuclear Security Culture in Medical Institutions Using Radioactive Sources and Materials” was conducted by Poznan University of Technology, with strong support from the IAEA. According to that project the first part of the article presents and explains the substance of the nuclear security culture, and also shows the differences between concepts of safety culture and security culture. The next part of the article presents objectives, describes the methodology as well as the results of work carried out as part of the research and development project. The content of the last part of the publication results from the author’s research experience, as well as lessons learned in the field of security culture.
{"title":"Research on nuclear security culture in medical institutions using radioactive sources and materials","authors":"M. Wiśniewska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.1956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1956","url":null,"abstract":"The first self-assessments of nuclear security culture in a medical facility in Poland (2017–2018) have become the milestone for this small organization. It enabled the personnel to understand nuclear security culture and encouraged the managers to plan further improvements in nuclear security culture in the future. The research project titled “The Enhancement of Nuclear Security Culture in Medical Institutions Using Radioactive Sources and Materials” was conducted by Poznan University of Technology, with strong support from the IAEA. According to that project the first part of the article presents and explains the substance of the nuclear security culture, and also shows the differences between concepts of safety culture and security culture. The next part of the article presents objectives, describes the methodology as well as the results of work carried out as part of the research and development project. The content of the last part of the publication results from the author’s research experience, as well as lessons learned in the field of security culture.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115359524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.1947
Jacek A. Piwowarski
Ensuring freedom from threats to security subjects requires the elaboration of a security strategy. The relationship between security strategy and development strategy is the same as that between security and development themselves – one determines the other. For this reason, the purpose of this article is to discuss the essence of security and its basic conceptual categories, as well as the implementation of its provision through strategic efforts. At the beginning, the essence of the phenomenon of security is presented and the most important definitions are quoted. Similarly, the author discusses the concept of strategy and shows the evolution of its understanding. This allows to discuss the typology of security strategies and to mention the most important figures that became part of history thanks to their achievements in the theory of strategy, including Sun Tzu, Thucydides, Alexander the Great, Napoleon Bonaparte. A few of the most important principles formulated by these figures are recalled, which may be important hints for contemporary strategists as well. Finally, the author gives the most important definitions of ideas related to security: the security environment, the interests of the security subject, opportunities, challenges, risks, threats, rules and methods. Their essence is emphasized in the light of the considerations presented above. The author concludes that the strategic categories are superior to the respective political categories and distinguishes three types of contemporary strategic actions. He also recognizes that the biggest challenge in terms of security is the prevention of threats, e.g. by means of stabilization activities whose essence is to maintain and promote the stability of the security environment.
{"title":"Introduction to the essence of security and security strategy","authors":"Jacek A. Piwowarski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.1947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1947","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring freedom from threats to security subjects requires the elaboration of a security strategy. The relationship between security strategy and development strategy is the same as that between security and development themselves – one determines the other. For this reason, the purpose of this article is to discuss the essence of security and its basic conceptual categories, as well as the implementation of its provision through strategic efforts. At the beginning, the essence of the phenomenon of security is presented and the most important definitions are quoted. Similarly, the author discusses the concept of strategy and shows the evolution of its understanding. This allows to discuss the typology of security strategies and to mention the most important figures that became part of history thanks to their achievements in the theory of strategy, including Sun Tzu, Thucydides, Alexander the Great, Napoleon Bonaparte. A few of the most important principles formulated by these figures are recalled, which may be important hints for contemporary strategists as well. Finally, the author gives the most important definitions of ideas related to security: the security environment, the interests of the security subject, opportunities, challenges, risks, threats, rules and methods. Their essence is emphasized in the light of the considerations presented above. The author concludes that the strategic categories are superior to the respective political categories and distinguishes three types of contemporary strategic actions. He also recognizes that the biggest challenge in terms of security is the prevention of threats, e.g. by means of stabilization activities whose essence is to maintain and promote the stability of the security environment.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"26 Suppl 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116513155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.1943
M. Farnicka, J. Chumas
Over 40 years ago the French Research Committee on Violence, Crime and Delinquency published a document that contained current analyses on the occurrence of social problems and their determinants, as well as guidelines to reduce risks and reduce the sense of threat and insecurity in modern society. The document became the basis for the reflection on public debate on violence in international communities and psychological practice against violence in both interpersonal and wider social relations. The combination of the individual and the social perspective gives a chance to criticise and rethink the guidelines suggested by the Committee from the point of view of such issues as community responsibility, individual rights and the current state in psychological and social care against violence. Special attention was paid to ten recommendations.
{"title":"Addressing the issue of violence in our society. The ten most important rules in the light of the study on “Society without violence”","authors":"M. Farnicka, J. Chumas","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.1943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1943","url":null,"abstract":"Over 40 years ago the French Research Committee on Violence, Crime and Delinquency published a document that contained current analyses on the occurrence of social problems and their determinants, as well as guidelines to reduce risks and reduce the sense of threat and insecurity in modern society. The document became the basis for the reflection on public debate on violence in international communities and psychological practice against violence in both interpersonal and wider social relations. The combination of the individual and the social perspective gives a chance to criticise and rethink the guidelines suggested by the Committee from the point of view of such issues as community responsibility, individual rights and the current state in psychological and social care against violence. Special attention was paid to ten recommendations.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130087798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8097
Artur Kukliński
This paper considers the problem of the expression of hatred on the Internet, especially with regard to the issues of personal safety. An attempt is made to determine the reasons for the use of hate speech and to assess its various consequences. Having analysed a number of definitions of the term hate speech, the author refers to several pieces of research into the subject. Furthermore, the author, on the basis of existing sources, assesses the scale of the phenomenon, as well as the extent to which it constitutes a hazard to personal security. Finally, legal actions that may potentially be introduced are considered, as well as are the possibilities for countering hate speech on the Internet.
{"title":"HATE ON THE INTERNET AS A THREAT TO PEOPLE’S SAFETY","authors":"Artur Kukliński","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8097","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the problem of the expression of hatred on the Internet, especially with regard to the issues of personal safety. An attempt is made to determine the reasons for the use of hate speech and to assess its various consequences. Having analysed a number of definitions of the term hate speech, the author refers to several pieces of research into the subject. Furthermore, the author, on the basis of existing sources, assesses the scale of the phenomenon, as well as the extent to which it constitutes a hazard to personal security. Finally, legal actions that may potentially be introduced are considered, as well as are the possibilities for countering hate speech on the Internet.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123526000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8105
Stanisław Zarobny
The author of the article attempted to examine the main conditions and characteristics of the French strategic culture, a country with huge arms traditions and the high social authority of the armed forces in society. All this means that France has made a huge contribution to the development of theory and practice in the field of military art and strategy, as well as in shaping the order of international security. The main strategic documents of France and its activity in the international arena confirm the traditional line of French security policy and strategic culture. It is a political culture of a superpower conscious of its great past which still radiates into current and global relations of France.
{"title":"CHANGES IN FRANCE’S STRATEGIC CULTURE AFTER THE COLD WAR","authors":"Stanisław Zarobny","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8105","url":null,"abstract":"The author of the article attempted to examine the main conditions and characteristics of the French strategic culture, a country with huge arms traditions and the high social authority of the armed forces in society. All this means that France has made a huge contribution to the development of theory and practice in the field of military art and strategy, as well as in shaping the order of international security. The main strategic documents of France and its activity in the international arena confirm the traditional line of French security policy and strategic culture. It is a political culture of a superpower conscious of its great past which still radiates into current and global relations of France.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125664596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8093
Patrycja Czerniejewska
From the beginning of the 90s the number of vehicles traveling on Polish roads has been systematically growing. Statistics clearly indicate this – in 1990, the number of vehicles was over 9 million, while in 2017, it exceeded 29 million registered vehicles. It should also be emphasized that it is important that in the majority, these vehicles are not new – the average age of vehicles according to the Central Register of Vehicles is 13 years. The above phenomenon has a negative impact on road safety. The condition of road safety is also not improved by the condition of road infrastructure, the dynamically increasing traffic load on many road sections and the small capacity reserves caused by the constantly increasing number of vehicles. In order to confirm the thesis on the importance of the problem of road safety, the fact is that every year on Polish roads there are over 32000 accidents and over 420,000 collisions, in which at least 2,800 people are killed. This article is a synthesis of research conducted over the traffic which presents the results of research, which aimed to assess factors influencing the perception of traffic safety by its participants. The collected surveys allowed to indicate factors which, in the opinion of respondents, contribute the most to the occurrence of traffic incidents and the lack of safety on roads.
{"title":"TRAFFIC SAFETY IN THE CITY OF KALISZ IN THE OPINION OF ITS RESIDENTS IN 2012–2016","authors":"Patrycja Czerniejewska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8093","url":null,"abstract":"From the beginning of the 90s the number of vehicles traveling on Polish roads has been systematically growing. Statistics clearly indicate this – in 1990, the number of vehicles was over 9 million, while in 2017, it exceeded 29 million registered vehicles. It should also be emphasized that it is important that in the majority, these vehicles are not new – the average age of vehicles according to the Central Register of Vehicles is 13 years. The above phenomenon has a negative impact on road safety. The condition of road safety is also not improved by the condition of road infrastructure, the dynamically increasing traffic load on many road sections and the small capacity reserves caused by the constantly increasing number of vehicles. In order to confirm the thesis on the importance of the problem of road safety, the fact is that every year on Polish roads there are over 32000 accidents and over 420,000 collisions, in which at least 2,800 people are killed. This article is a synthesis of research conducted over the traffic which presents the results of research, which aimed to assess factors influencing the perception of traffic safety by its participants. The collected surveys allowed to indicate factors which, in the opinion of respondents, contribute the most to the occurrence of traffic incidents and the lack of safety on roads.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"290 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132486184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8095
Janusz Gierszewski
Interest in “quality of life” issues originated in the 1950s. The concept found applications in fields such as economics, social policy, medicine, sociology and psychology. Quality of life could perhaps also be an object of study for security sciences as well. Despite the continued popularity of this category, social scientists are yet to develop a commonly agreed upon definition of the concept. This paper constitutes an attempt at answering the question of whether the need for security is related to quality of life and whether it is valid to introduce a new conceptual category in the form of quality of life security. If so, then it is necessary to determine whether it is a measure that is subjective or objective. Human needs such as security and quality of life are what motivates human actions and activity. If one of the above needs is not being met, the individual become destabilised. The homogenisation and standardisation of scientific concepts would render it possible to compare data from an interdisciplinary point of view.
{"title":"Human quality of life security as a cognitive category in security sciences","authors":"Janusz Gierszewski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8095","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in “quality of life” issues originated in the 1950s. The concept found applications in fields such as economics, social policy, medicine, sociology and psychology. Quality of life could perhaps also be an object of study for security sciences as well. Despite the continued popularity of this category, social scientists are yet to develop a commonly agreed upon definition of the concept. This paper constitutes an attempt at answering the question of whether the need for security is related to quality of life and whether it is valid to introduce a new conceptual category in the form of quality of life security. If so, then it is necessary to determine whether it is a measure that is subjective or objective. Human needs such as security and quality of life are what motivates human actions and activity. If one of the above needs is not being met, the individual become destabilised. The homogenisation and standardisation of scientific concepts would render it possible to compare data from an interdisciplinary point of view.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130050873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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