Abstract Brand experience (BE) is essential to depict long-term consumer brand relationships; this study investigates the influence of brand experience on emotional confidence (EC) and subsequent impact of brand satisfaction (BS) and brand loyalty (BL) in the context of car buying. Structural equation modeling was used to affirm the hypothesized relationships. This study further explores dimensions of brand experience: sensory, affective, intellectual and behavioral concerning EC, BS, and BL. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to depict the relationship as a consequence, and four clusters were identified. The results of the structural model suggest that there is a positive and statistically significant influence of BE on EC, there is a positive and statistically significant influence of EC on BS, and there is a positive and statistically significant influence of BS on BL. When the direct path from EC to BL was added to the model, it increased the variance explained in BL and coefficient of EC was higher than the coefficient of BS suggesting that EC is an important construct within the formwork. The results of hierarchical cluster analysis identified four clusters; the relationship among EC, BS and BL showed interesting patterns; there were higher correspondents between EC and BL than between BS and BL; the pattern was consistent with the results of the structural model. The data was collected from car showrooms across Karachi city; the respondents were users of the brand.
{"title":"Brand Experience Clustering and Depiction of Brand Satisfaction, Brand Loyalty and Emotional Confidence","authors":"Wajid H. Rizvi, S. Memon, A. Dahri","doi":"10.2478/fman-2020-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Brand experience (BE) is essential to depict long-term consumer brand relationships; this study investigates the influence of brand experience on emotional confidence (EC) and subsequent impact of brand satisfaction (BS) and brand loyalty (BL) in the context of car buying. Structural equation modeling was used to affirm the hypothesized relationships. This study further explores dimensions of brand experience: sensory, affective, intellectual and behavioral concerning EC, BS, and BL. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to depict the relationship as a consequence, and four clusters were identified. The results of the structural model suggest that there is a positive and statistically significant influence of BE on EC, there is a positive and statistically significant influence of EC on BS, and there is a positive and statistically significant influence of BS on BL. When the direct path from EC to BL was added to the model, it increased the variance explained in BL and coefficient of EC was higher than the coefficient of BS suggesting that EC is an important construct within the formwork. The results of hierarchical cluster analysis identified four clusters; the relationship among EC, BS and BL showed interesting patterns; there were higher correspondents between EC and BL than between BS and BL; the pattern was consistent with the results of the structural model. The data was collected from car showrooms across Karachi city; the respondents were users of the brand.","PeriodicalId":43250,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":"111 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44070517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article discusses the issues of the critical infrastructure security management from the perspective of entities responsible for its security and development of an integral model of critical infrastructure security, and shows the methodology of situational management of critical infrastructure safety. Proposed solutions are used for CI mapping, enabling the generation of adverse event scenarios, estimation of the risks dependent on the considered CI, and determination of decision problem, indicating a set of protection activities for elimination or reduction of the risk in the security threshold.
{"title":"Methodology of Situational Management of Critical Infrastructure Security","authors":"Michael J. Wisniewski","doi":"10.2478/fman-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article discusses the issues of the critical infrastructure security management from the perspective of entities responsible for its security and development of an integral model of critical infrastructure security, and shows the methodology of situational management of critical infrastructure safety. Proposed solutions are used for CI mapping, enabling the generation of adverse event scenarios, estimation of the risks dependent on the considered CI, and determination of decision problem, indicating a set of protection activities for elimination or reduction of the risk in the security threshold.","PeriodicalId":43250,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":"43 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43031491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the present article, we deal with a generalization of the logistic function. Starting from the Riccati differential equation with constant coefficients, we find its analytical form and describe basic properties. Then we use the generalized logistic function for modeling some economic phenomena.
{"title":"A Generalized Logistic Function and Its Applications","authors":"G. Rza̧dkowski, L. Sobczak","doi":"10.2478/fman-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the present article, we deal with a generalization of the logistic function. Starting from the Riccati differential equation with constant coefficients, we find its analytical form and describe basic properties. Then we use the generalized logistic function for modeling some economic phenomena.","PeriodicalId":43250,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":"85 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49141638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article highlights the application of the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment of Evaluations (PROMETHEE) I and II in selecting the best laptop model among six different available models in the market. Seven important criteria, that is, processor, hard disk capacity, operating system, RAM, screen size, brand, and color, are selected, based on which the selection process have been made. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is adopted for calculating the weightages of the seven criteria and PROMETHEE is applied to select the best alternative. PROMETHEE I provides the partial ranking and preferences of one model over another, whereas PROMETHEE II provides the complete ranking of the alternatives. From this analysis, Model 4 is coming out to be the best laptop model occupying the first position and Model 1 occupies the last position, thus indicating it as the worst model among the group. The objectives of this article are to select the best laptop model among six available alternatives and to understood the steps of both multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodologies, that is, PROMETHEE and AHP, in details.
{"title":"Outranking Methods: Promethee I and Promethee II","authors":"Shankha Shubhra Goswami","doi":"10.2478/fman-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article highlights the application of the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment of Evaluations (PROMETHEE) I and II in selecting the best laptop model among six different available models in the market. Seven important criteria, that is, processor, hard disk capacity, operating system, RAM, screen size, brand, and color, are selected, based on which the selection process have been made. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is adopted for calculating the weightages of the seven criteria and PROMETHEE is applied to select the best alternative. PROMETHEE I provides the partial ranking and preferences of one model over another, whereas PROMETHEE II provides the complete ranking of the alternatives. From this analysis, Model 4 is coming out to be the best laptop model occupying the first position and Model 1 occupies the last position, thus indicating it as the worst model among the group. The objectives of this article are to select the best laptop model among six available alternatives and to understood the steps of both multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodologies, that is, PROMETHEE and AHP, in details.","PeriodicalId":43250,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":"93 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42909796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The Virtual Center for Paradigmatic Studies is a serious profession and, at the same time, a beneficial offer addressed to people who treat the process of their education and professional development both at home and in the academic environment as a unique life opportunity. This article presents material constituting the program and the basis for conducting theoretical and practical work at the Virtual Center for Paradigmatic Studies. The published material covers such issues as: the description of the Gorbatov's characterization principle, the theoretical correctness of the model of functioning, an example of the Semantic Model of 5 Projects, effective search for forbidden graph figures, the essence of functions that integrate semantic graphs, multi-object semantic sequences of events, the structure and purpose of Hasse diagrams.
{"title":"Virtual Center for the Paradigmatic Studies","authors":"T. Krupa","doi":"10.2478/fman-2020-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Virtual Center for Paradigmatic Studies is a serious profession and, at the same time, a beneficial offer addressed to people who treat the process of their education and professional development both at home and in the academic environment as a unique life opportunity. This article presents material constituting the program and the basis for conducting theoretical and practical work at the Virtual Center for Paradigmatic Studies. The published material covers such issues as: the description of the Gorbatov's characterization principle, the theoretical correctness of the model of functioning, an example of the Semantic Model of 5 Projects, effective search for forbidden graph figures, the essence of functions that integrate semantic graphs, multi-object semantic sequences of events, the structure and purpose of Hasse diagrams.","PeriodicalId":43250,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":"181 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48920783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Among the many factors that cause project delays or cancellations are disruptions, that is, unforeseen events occurring during the implementation of a project, which postpone or interrupt the performance of project activities. Examples of disruptions include employee absenteeism, addition of new activities, and others. One way to deal with this type of events is to predict potential disruptions and prepare redundant resources to be used should a disruption occur (proactive approach). The focus of the present paper are human resources, in particular redundant project team competence frameworks, which allow to continue work on a project in the event of a disruption. Previous studies on planning competence frameworks regard insensitivity (robustness) to one type of disruption, caused by employee absenteeism (an absence of one, two, or three employees). The goal of this article is to present a proactive procedure that allows to seek competence frameworks robust to two types of disruptions: absence of one employee and addition of new activities not included in the project plan. Examples are provided to illustrate how the proposed approach can be used in practice.
{"title":"Proactive Planning of Project Team Members’ Competences","authors":"E. Szwarc, J. Wikarek","doi":"10.2478/fman-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Among the many factors that cause project delays or cancellations are disruptions, that is, unforeseen events occurring during the implementation of a project, which postpone or interrupt the performance of project activities. Examples of disruptions include employee absenteeism, addition of new activities, and others. One way to deal with this type of events is to predict potential disruptions and prepare redundant resources to be used should a disruption occur (proactive approach). The focus of the present paper are human resources, in particular redundant project team competence frameworks, which allow to continue work on a project in the event of a disruption. Previous studies on planning competence frameworks regard insensitivity (robustness) to one type of disruption, caused by employee absenteeism (an absence of one, two, or three employees). The goal of this article is to present a proactive procedure that allows to seek competence frameworks robust to two types of disruptions: absence of one employee and addition of new activities not included in the project plan. Examples are provided to illustrate how the proposed approach can be used in practice.","PeriodicalId":43250,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":"71 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43490893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lech Gąsiorkiewicz, Jan Monkiewicz, Marek Monkiewicz
Abstract Financial systems worldwide are increasingly experiencing the mounting pressure of the technology-based financial innovations. Some of these developments are generating alternative financial structures existing parallelly to the “old” ones, whereas some others are simply replacing the “old” ones. Alternative intermediating institutions are gaining ground vis-à-vis incumbents, relying on their technological and market supremacy. The space of traditional financial intermediation requires new solutions to be more competitive. Some technological solutions provide additionally for the partial or entire disintermediation of the financial services, thus removing some existing transaction costs and matching directly economic agents. Digitalization and datafication, coupled with artificial intelligence, are offering immense new operational opportunities and economic benefits. On the other hand, they are also the source of new risks to the financial and economic systems, financial stability, national security, and consumer well-being, which need to be properly addressed. We review in this paper principal components of the current stream of technology-based financial innovations and their main drivers, as well as discuss major strategic issues and impacts that we are facing in this area.
{"title":"Technology-Driven Innovations in Financial Services: The Rise of Alternative Finance","authors":"Lech Gąsiorkiewicz, Jan Monkiewicz, Marek Monkiewicz","doi":"10.2478/fman-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Financial systems worldwide are increasingly experiencing the mounting pressure of the technology-based financial innovations. Some of these developments are generating alternative financial structures existing parallelly to the “old” ones, whereas some others are simply replacing the “old” ones. Alternative intermediating institutions are gaining ground vis-à-vis incumbents, relying on their technological and market supremacy. The space of traditional financial intermediation requires new solutions to be more competitive. Some technological solutions provide additionally for the partial or entire disintermediation of the financial services, thus removing some existing transaction costs and matching directly economic agents. Digitalization and datafication, coupled with artificial intelligence, are offering immense new operational opportunities and economic benefits. On the other hand, they are also the source of new risks to the financial and economic systems, financial stability, national security, and consumer well-being, which need to be properly addressed. We review in this paper principal components of the current stream of technology-based financial innovations and their main drivers, as well as discuss major strategic issues and impacts that we are facing in this area.","PeriodicalId":43250,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":"137 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46392772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Performance management systems can be divided into those that rely considerably on significant stakeholders and that ignore stakeholders, other than the stockholders and the clients. Decision makers willing to implement and use a performance management system must decide to what extent such system should rely on various stakeholders. In this study, 10 in-depth interviews with representatives possessing significant experience with small and medium-sized outpatient clinics have been employed. The objective of this paper is to study if an efficient performance management system for small and medium-sized outpatient clinics can ignore stakeholders. The results of this study postulate performance management systems, which are not sufficiently rooted in stakeholders, are not likely to be successful for small and medium-sized outpatient clinics. Developed in this article concept acknowledges wider society and indicates significant stakeholders who cannot be ignored. The paper ends with conclusion, limitations, indications for further research, and some managerial implications.
{"title":"Stakeholders and Performance Management Systems of Small and Medium-Sized Outpatient Clinics","authors":"Piotr Korneta","doi":"10.2478/fman-2020-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Performance management systems can be divided into those that rely considerably on significant stakeholders and that ignore stakeholders, other than the stockholders and the clients. Decision makers willing to implement and use a performance management system must decide to what extent such system should rely on various stakeholders. In this study, 10 in-depth interviews with representatives possessing significant experience with small and medium-sized outpatient clinics have been employed. The objective of this paper is to study if an efficient performance management system for small and medium-sized outpatient clinics can ignore stakeholders. The results of this study postulate performance management systems, which are not sufficiently rooted in stakeholders, are not likely to be successful for small and medium-sized outpatient clinics. Developed in this article concept acknowledges wider society and indicates significant stakeholders who cannot be ignored. The paper ends with conclusion, limitations, indications for further research, and some managerial implications.","PeriodicalId":43250,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":"211 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44703341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The significance of insurance activity is constantly growing, generating new problems and posing new challenges. One of these challenges is meeting the growing requirements and expectations of customers. This requires the efficient management of insurance companies, which means the necessity to resort to modern management concepts, particularly the concept of process management and its related instruments. The article presents the results of research carried out at the Faculty of Management of the Warsaw University of Technology regarding process management in insurance companies. The distinctness of insurance activity and its financial management is discussed and its following aspects presented: the identification of insurance activity processes encompassing the management of basic and auxiliary processes; the model of the financial management process of insurance companies; the relationship between the financial management process and other processes implemented in insurance companies; financial situation assessment measures for insurance companies, and the financial management process.
{"title":"The Process Approach in the Financial Management of Insurance Firms","authors":"Lech Gąsiorkiewicz","doi":"10.2478/fman-2020-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The significance of insurance activity is constantly growing, generating new problems and posing new challenges. One of these challenges is meeting the growing requirements and expectations of customers. This requires the efficient management of insurance companies, which means the necessity to resort to modern management concepts, particularly the concept of process management and its related instruments. The article presents the results of research carried out at the Faculty of Management of the Warsaw University of Technology regarding process management in insurance companies. The distinctness of insurance activity and its financial management is discussed and its following aspects presented: the identification of insurance activity processes encompassing the management of basic and auxiliary processes; the model of the financial management process of insurance companies; the relationship between the financial management process and other processes implemented in insurance companies; financial situation assessment measures for insurance companies, and the financial management process.","PeriodicalId":43250,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":"7 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46384853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mateo Márquez-Gutiérrez, Guillermo Carmona-Gonzalez, Carlos Castro-Zuluaga
Abstract Aims To develop an immaturity model for the assessment of logistic processes that can assess the practices that describe the level of criticality, which maturity models do not evaluate, of these processes. Originality Application of the little-known variation of maturity models and immaturity models in business logistic processes. Research method The research is conducted from a literature review primarily with terms such as immaturity models and process immaturity. As literature is poor, it is supported by the maturity models developed by various authors in multiple domains. Main findings As a result, an immaturity model is obtained for the assessment of the main logistic processes of manufacturing companies. Likewise, the evaluation and the experiences collected from its application in a company of a case study are obtained. Implications for theory and practice The studies about immaturity of processes are few. The model is designed for manufacturing companies whose logistics management differs from service companies.
{"title":"A Logistic Process Immaturity Model Proposal","authors":"Mateo Márquez-Gutiérrez, Guillermo Carmona-Gonzalez, Carlos Castro-Zuluaga","doi":"10.2478/fman-2020-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aims To develop an immaturity model for the assessment of logistic processes that can assess the practices that describe the level of criticality, which maturity models do not evaluate, of these processes. Originality Application of the little-known variation of maturity models and immaturity models in business logistic processes. Research method The research is conducted from a literature review primarily with terms such as immaturity models and process immaturity. As literature is poor, it is supported by the maturity models developed by various authors in multiple domains. Main findings As a result, an immaturity model is obtained for the assessment of the main logistic processes of manufacturing companies. Likewise, the evaluation and the experiences collected from its application in a company of a case study are obtained. Implications for theory and practice The studies about immaturity of processes are few. The model is designed for manufacturing companies whose logistics management differs from service companies.","PeriodicalId":43250,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Management","volume":"12 1","pages":"61 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46048838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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