Pub Date : 2022-05-15DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.9141
Mounia Elhaddadi, Samira Arji, Reginald Oscar Telemacque, Aroui Norelhoda, Mohamed Latifi, Ahmed Omar Touhami Ahami
Play helps facilitate a child's development and learning, such as social, emotional, and cognitive skills. Delayed or abnormal development of play behaviors can inevitably influence the lifelong development of these skills. Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) cannot often understand and produce play actions. This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of each of the two programs: video modeling and reciprocal imitation, in teaching children with ASD play skills. The sample consisted of 18 children with ASD aged 5 to 8 years old, and divided into two experimental groups: the first group included 9 children with ASD who received a reciprocal imitation program: their mean age is 6.2 years, standard deviation = 0.7, and their mean IQ ratio is 87.23 with a SD = of 5.6. The second group included 9 children with ASD who received a video modeling program: their mean age is 6.7 years, standard deviation = 0.9, and their mean IQ ratio is 89.10 with SD = of 6.1. The children in both groups belong to two private primary schools associated with this project in Kenitra, Morocco. The results showed that both methods improved play skills in these children with different levels of progress, according to age, autism level, and program type. There were statistically significant differences in the post-test in favor of the video modeling group. Visual stimuli are highly solicited by children with autism. The durability of the effect of training by both methods was verified by comparing the post-test scores and the follow-up measure. The follow-up measurement revealed no significant differences between post-test and follow-up for either group. In general, video modeling was more effective than reciprocal imitation in developing play skills. It was found that learning by modeling the behaviors of peers (reciprocal imitation) is one of the effective methods, in teaching and training of most children with ASD for many skills, however video modeling is more effective, because it is based on the regular teaching of measurable behavioral units, and each skill is reduced to small steps.
{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF USING VIDEO MODELING AND RECIPROCAL IMITATION ON DEVELOPING PLAYING SKILLS IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER","authors":"Mounia Elhaddadi, Samira Arji, Reginald Oscar Telemacque, Aroui Norelhoda, Mohamed Latifi, Ahmed Omar Touhami Ahami","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.9141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9141","url":null,"abstract":"Play helps facilitate a child's development and learning, such as social, emotional, and cognitive skills. Delayed or abnormal development of play behaviors can inevitably influence the lifelong development of these skills. Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) cannot often understand and produce play actions. This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of each of the two programs: video modeling and reciprocal imitation, in teaching children with ASD play skills.\u0000\u0000The sample consisted of 18 children with ASD aged 5 to 8 years old, and divided into two experimental groups: the first group included 9 children with ASD who received a reciprocal imitation program: their mean age is 6.2 years, standard deviation = 0.7, and their mean IQ ratio is 87.23 with a SD = of 5.6. The second group included 9 children with ASD who received a video modeling program: their mean age is 6.7 years, standard deviation = 0.9, and their mean IQ ratio is 89.10 with SD = of 6.1. The children in both groups belong to two private primary schools associated with this project in Kenitra, Morocco.\u0000\u0000The results showed that both methods improved play skills in these children with different levels of progress, according to age, autism level, and program type. There were statistically significant differences in the post-test in favor of the video modeling group. Visual stimuli are highly solicited by children with autism. The durability of the effect of training by both methods was verified by comparing the post-test scores and the follow-up measure. The follow-up measurement revealed no significant differences between post-test and follow-up for either group. In general, video modeling was more effective than reciprocal imitation in developing play skills.\u0000\u0000It was found that learning by modeling the behaviors of peers (reciprocal imitation) is one of the effective methods, in teaching and training of most children with ASD for many skills, however video modeling is more effective, because it is based on the regular teaching of measurable behavioral units, and each skill is reduced to small steps.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43280,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47055057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-15DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8828
Alma Dizdarevic, Amila Mujezinović, H. Memišević
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a frequent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hyperactivity, inattention, and impul- sivity. The issue of whether ADHD is a socially constructed disorder has received much attention. The goal of the present study was to examine the clinical prevalence of ADHD in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH). An additional goal was to investigate the prevalence of school-aged children who fulfill the criteria for the condition but do not have a clinical diagnosis. For the first research goal, the sample consisted of five University Clinical Centers in BIH that provided data on the prevalence. For the second goal, the sample consisted of 1935 parents of children aged 6 to 15 years. Parents of 1935 school-aged children from the Federation BIH completed the questionnaire regarding ADHD symptoms. Children ranged in age from 6 to 15 years. The mean age of children was 10.2 years (SD- 2.1 years). There were 1061 girls and 874 boys in the sample. Five hospitals in the Federation BIH (4 University Clinical Centers and 1 Cantonal Hos- pital) were sent a questionnaire to provide us with information on how many school-aged children were diagnosed with ADHD and their basic demographic data. In addition, the Clinical Centers were asked to provide information on what treatment they provide to children with ADHD. The results of this study indicated that clinical diagnosis of ADHD is infrequent. The number of clinically confirmed cases of ADHD in the Federation BIH was 138 or less than 0.001%. On the other hand, accord ing to survey data, there is a prevalence rate of ADHD indicated like that observed in western countries. According to the parents’ reports, there were 97 children or 5% who fulfilled the criteria for ADHD diagnosis. In relation to gender distribution of ADHD, there were more boys (88 boys) than girls (50 girls) with a clinically confirmed diagnosis of ADHD and boys were 1.76 times more likely to have a ADHD diagnosis than were girls. On the other hand there were more girls than boys who had ADHD according to parents’ reports, but this difference, according to the Chi square test, was not statistically significant (ꭓ 2 = 0.14; p = ,70). The results of this study have clearly shown that ADHD is underdiag- nozed in Bosnia and Herzegovina. There is a huge discrepancy between the clinically diagnosed children and the parent-reported symptoms of ADHD. Given the burden that ADHD has on children and their families it should be of the utmost importance to provide timely diagnosis and proper treatment. One way to improve the current situation is through a better cooperation between school staff (psychologists, teachers), parents, and medical professionals.
{"title":"IS ADHD UNDER-DIAGNOSED IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA? COMPARISON OF CLINICALLY\u0000CONFIRMED CASES VS. PARENT-REPORTED PREVALENCE OF ADHD","authors":"Alma Dizdarevic, Amila Mujezinović, H. Memišević","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8828","url":null,"abstract":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a frequent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hyperactivity, inattention, and impul- sivity. The issue of whether ADHD is a socially constructed disorder has received much attention. The goal of the present study was to examine the clinical prevalence of ADHD in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH). An additional goal was to investigate the prevalence of school-aged children who fulfill the criteria for the condition but do not have a clinical diagnosis. For the first research goal, the sample consisted of five University Clinical Centers in BIH that provided data on the prevalence. For the second goal, the sample consisted of 1935 parents of children aged 6 to 15 years.\u0000\u0000Parents of 1935 school-aged children from the Federation BIH completed the questionnaire regarding ADHD symptoms. Children ranged in age from 6 to 15 years. The mean age of children was 10.2 years (SD- 2.1 years). There were 1061 girls and 874 boys in the sample. Five hospitals in the Federation BIH (4 University Clinical Centers and 1 Cantonal Hos- pital) were sent a questionnaire to provide us with information on how many school-aged children were diagnosed with ADHD and their basic demographic data. In addition, the Clinical Centers were asked to provide information on what treatment they provide to children with ADHD.\u0000\u0000The results of this study indicated that clinical diagnosis of ADHD is infrequent. The number of clinically confirmed cases of ADHD in the Federation BIH was 138 or less than 0.001%. On the other hand, accord ing to survey data, there is a prevalence rate of ADHD indicated like that observed in western countries. According to the parents’ reports, there were 97 children or 5% who fulfilled the criteria for ADHD diagnosis. In relation to gender distribution of ADHD, there were more boys (88 boys) than girls (50 girls) with a clinically confirmed diagnosis of ADHD and boys were 1.76 times more likely to have a ADHD diagnosis than were girls. On the other hand there were more girls than boys who had ADHD according to parents’ reports, but this difference, according to the Chi square test, was not statistically significant (ꭓ 2 = 0.14; p = ,70).\u0000\u0000The results of this study have clearly shown that ADHD is underdiag- nozed in Bosnia and Herzegovina. There is a huge discrepancy between the clinically diagnosed children and the parent-reported symptoms of ADHD. Given the burden that ADHD has on children and their families it should be of the utmost importance to provide timely diagnosis and proper treatment. One way to improve the current situation is through a better cooperation between school staff (psychologists, teachers), parents, and medical professionals.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43280,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44818538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-15DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.9443
Jason W. Brown, M. Pąchalska
This paper takes up the problem of agency in relation to freedom. The account is based on the notion that action and perception develop in parallel out of instinctual drive, with thought and imagery pointing to accentuations at pre-perceptual phases, and feeling referring to preliminary segments in action. Objects develop out of drive categories; actions out of drive energy. The inseparability of feeling and concept gives intent and emotion, which innervate concepts. Intent is feeling that gives impetus to decision. The self is deposited early in the process, ideas and feelings midway, acts and objects at the endpoint. The sequence from drive to object constitutes a mental state. The passage from self to act or object is an act of self-realization. Succession in a mental state is simultaneous until actualizing, at which point, though still epochal, the succession takes on temporal order in the present. The precedence of the self in the succession and the affective impulse that action imparts to concepts, gives the feeling of agency, purpose and self-determination.
{"title":"AGENCY AND FREEDOM","authors":"Jason W. Brown, M. Pąchalska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.9443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9443","url":null,"abstract":"This paper takes up the problem of agency in relation to freedom. The account is based on the notion that action and perception develop in parallel out of instinctual drive, with thought and imagery pointing to accentuations at pre-perceptual phases, and feeling referring to preliminary segments in action. Objects develop out of drive categories; actions out of drive energy. The inseparability of feeling and concept gives intent and emotion, which innervate concepts. Intent is feeling that gives impetus to decision. The self is deposited early in the process, ideas and feelings midway, acts and objects at the endpoint. The sequence from drive to object constitutes a mental state. The passage from self to act or object is an act of self-realization. Succession in a mental state is simultaneous until actualizing, at which point, though still epochal, the succession takes on temporal order in the present. The precedence of the self in the succession and the affective impulse that action imparts to concepts, gives the feeling of agency, purpose and self-determination.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43280,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44248751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-15DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8751
M. Mikicin, Grzegorz Orzechowski
The aim of the study was to show changes in EEG during exercise in attention states A, warm-up W, submaximal effort E, and recovery states R, during Neurofeedback-EEG training. Examined 10 track and field athletes and 10 swimmers based on EEG measurements during physical exercise. The track and field athletes underwent 20 Neurofeedback-EEG training sessions on the elliptic ergometer and swimmers on the swimming ergometer, with speed measurement. All the measurements were performed twice: before and after Neurofeedback-EEG training. Participation in Neurofeedback-EEG training combined with physical exercise change brain activity and result in a substantial modulation of the spectral amplitude within the sources located near the frontal lobe, sensory cortex, motor cortex, and anterior parietal and occipital lobes. However, depending on the movement speed, the differences in EEG are statistically insignificant in many points of the skull, on the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. Participation in Neurofeedback-EEG training result in a substantial modulation of the spectral amplitude within the sources located near the frontal lobe, sensory cortex, motor cortex, and anterior parietal and occipital lobes. The changes are related to the movement speed and the points of the skull related to the activity of specific brain areas.
{"title":"NEURONAL ACTIVITY IN THE BRAIN CHANGES DURING EXERCISE IN ATTENTION STATES, WARM-UP, SUBMAXIMAL EFFORT, AND RECOVERY, AFTER NEUROFEEDBACK-EEG TRAINING IN MOTION","authors":"M. Mikicin, Grzegorz Orzechowski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8751","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to show changes in EEG during exercise in attention states A, warm-up W, submaximal effort E, and recovery states R, during Neurofeedback-EEG training.\u0000\u0000Examined 10 track and field athletes and 10 swimmers based on EEG measurements during physical exercise. The track and field athletes underwent 20 Neurofeedback-EEG training sessions on the elliptic ergometer and swimmers on the swimming ergometer, with speed measurement. All the measurements were performed twice: before and after Neurofeedback-EEG training.\u0000\u0000Participation in Neurofeedback-EEG training combined with physical exercise change brain activity and result in a substantial modulation of the spectral amplitude within the sources located near the frontal lobe, sensory cortex, motor cortex, and anterior parietal and occipital lobes. However, depending on the movement speed, the differences in EEG are statistically insignificant in many points of the skull, on the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes.\u0000\u0000Participation in Neurofeedback-EEG training result in a substantial modulation of the spectral amplitude within the sources located near the frontal lobe, sensory cortex, motor cortex, and anterior parietal and occipital lobes. The changes are related to the movement speed and the points of the skull related to the activity of specific brain areas.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43280,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49340419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-15DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8545
E. Wilczek-Rużyczka, Iwona Zaczyk
Both job satisfaction and a nurse’s individual traits may have an impact on nurses’ life satisfaction. Given the relatively high level of stress associated with the nursing profession, account should be taken of the fact that numerous destructive factors also affect life satisfaction. In the nursing profession commitment, concern for patient welfare, a high sense of responsibility for the life and health of another person causes both an excessive psychological and physical burden, which in many cases leads to broadly defined stress and in consequence to burnout syndrome. The aim of the paper was directed toward the analysis of stress, burnout and life satisfaction and demonstrating the relationship between these variables in a group of surgical and psychiatric nurses. Two groups of equal size participated in the study. They included 100 surgical nurses (average age: 47/average years of experience: 25), 100 psychiatric nurses (average age: 42/average years of experience: 19) employed by hospitals situated in the south of Poland. Research tools: occupational burnout – the Maslach Burnout Inventory, stress - the Stevan Hobfoll's Self-Assessment Questionnaire to measure stress, life satisfaction – Satisfaction with Life Scale, and questionnaire of socio-demographic data were administered. Stress and occupational burnout are shown to only have an impact on the life satisfaction of surgical nurses. The less burnt-out nurses felt with regard to lowered sense of personal achievement, the higher their life satisfaction levels were. In the context of work, stress plays a role of mediator in the relationship between life satisfaction and the second dimension of occupational burnout – depersonalization in both surveyed groups. A sense of life satisfaction is desired by every human being and may refer to different aspects of their lives such as: work, income, family and friends. In reality job satisfaction has a significant influence on the individual’s feeling of life satisfaction. The obtained results clearly indicate that some action needs to be taken in order to prevent professional burnout. It is therefore sensible to start action already at university and include the subject of occupational burnout, its causes, and ways of coping with it in the teaching curriculum.
{"title":"DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF STRESS AND JOB BURNOUT ON THE LIFE SATISFACTION OF NURSING STAFF","authors":"E. Wilczek-Rużyczka, Iwona Zaczyk","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8545","url":null,"abstract":"Both job satisfaction and a nurse’s individual traits may have an impact on nurses’ life satisfaction. Given the relatively high level of stress associated with the nursing profession, account should be taken of the fact that numerous destructive factors also affect life satisfaction. In the nursing profession commitment, concern for patient welfare, a high sense of responsibility for the life and health of another person causes both an excessive psychological and physical burden, which in many cases leads to broadly defined stress and in consequence to burnout syndrome. The aim of the paper was directed toward the analysis of stress, burnout and life satisfaction and demonstrating the relationship between these variables in a group of surgical and psychiatric nurses.\u0000\u0000Two groups of equal size participated in the study. They included 100 surgical nurses (average age: 47/average years of experience: 25), 100 psychiatric nurses (average age: 42/average years of experience: 19) employed by hospitals situated in the south of Poland. Research tools: occupational burnout – the Maslach Burnout Inventory, stress - the Stevan Hobfoll's Self-Assessment Questionnaire to measure stress, life satisfaction – Satisfaction with Life Scale, and questionnaire of socio-demographic data were administered.\u0000\u0000Stress and occupational burnout are shown to only have an impact on the life satisfaction of surgical nurses. The less burnt-out nurses felt with regard to lowered sense of personal achievement, the higher their life satisfaction levels were. In the context of work, stress plays a role of mediator in the relationship between life satisfaction and the second dimension of occupational burnout – depersonalization in both surveyed groups.\u0000\u0000A sense of life satisfaction is desired by every human being and may refer to different aspects of their lives such as: work, income, family and friends. In reality job satisfaction has a significant influence on the individual’s feeling of life satisfaction. The obtained results clearly indicate that some action needs to be taken in order to prevent professional burnout. It is therefore sensible to start action already at university and include the subject of occupational burnout, its causes, and ways of coping with it in the teaching curriculum.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43280,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47258235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-15DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.9186
E. Zawadzka
This article aims to outline the differences between men and women in cognitive strategies applied in mental rotation task. Mental rotation is recognised among the fundamental processes of spatial thinking. Good ability to assess the spatial relations between oneself and the surrounding makes it possible to take decisions quickly and to act effectively. Mental rotation tasks can be performed in various ways, depending on their type, and with a use of different cognitive strategies. The study explores characteristics of mental rotation task performance specific to women and men. The differences observed in this area are determined by multiple factors. It was pointed out that interactions between biological and environmental factors are of major importance for effective performance in mental rotation tasks. The discussion also focuses on task characteristics possibly determining different results achieved by men and women, and potentially affecting the choice of specific strategies applied in mental rotation tasks. Subsequently, the article reviews the evidence suggesting differences in cognitive strategies used during mental rotation tasks by women and men. It is also pointed out that, in the context of the observed sex-related differences, the type of strategies used are associated with methods of assessing visuospatial material and with task characteristics. The final part presents data from neuroimaging studies investigating brain activity recorded during performance of this type of tasks. The evidence was discussed with reference to sex differences in cognitive strategies applied in mental rotation tasks.
{"title":"DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN IN COGNITIVE STRATEGIES APPLIED IN MENTAL ROTATION TASKS","authors":"E. Zawadzka","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.9186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9186","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to outline the differences between men and women in cognitive strategies applied in mental rotation task. Mental rotation is recognised among the fundamental processes of spatial thinking. Good ability to assess the spatial relations between oneself and the surrounding makes it possible to take decisions quickly and to act effectively. Mental rotation tasks can be performed in various ways, depending on their type, and with a use of different cognitive strategies. The study explores characteristics of mental rotation task performance specific to women and men. The differences observed in this area are determined by multiple factors. It was pointed out that interactions between biological and environmental factors are of major importance for effective performance in mental rotation tasks. The discussion also focuses on task characteristics possibly determining different results achieved by men and women, and potentially affecting the choice of specific strategies applied in mental rotation tasks. Subsequently, the article reviews the evidence suggesting differences in cognitive strategies used during mental rotation tasks by women and men. It is also pointed out that, in the context of the observed sex-related differences, the type of strategies used are associated with methods of assessing visuospatial material and with task characteristics. The final part presents data from neuroimaging studies investigating brain activity recorded during performance of this type of tasks. The evidence was discussed with reference to sex differences in cognitive strategies applied in mental rotation tasks.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43280,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47392493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.7716
S. Sugiono, R. Prasetya, A. A. Fanani, A. Cahyawati
Reducing the physical and mental weariness of drivers is significant in improving healthy and safe driving. This paper is aim to predict the stress level of drivers while braking in various conditions of the track. By discovering the drivers’ mental stress level, we are able to safely and comfortably adjust the distance in relation to the vehicle ahead. The initial step used was a study related to Artificial Intelligence (AI), Electroencephalogram (EEG), safe distance in braking, and the theory of mental stress. The data was collected by doing a direct measurement of drivers’stress levels using the EEG tool. The respondents were 5 parties around 30-50 years old who had experience in driving for> 5 years. The research asembled 400 pieces of data about braking including the data of the velocity before braking, track varieties (cityroad, rural road, residential road, and toll road), braking distance, stress level (EEG), and focus (EEG). The database constructed was used to input the machine learning (AI) – Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) in order to predict the drivers’ mental stress level. Referring to the data collection, each road type gave a different value of metal stress and focus. City road drivers used an average velocity of 23.24 Km/h with an average braking distance of 11.17 m which generated an average stress level of 53.44 and a focus value of 45.76.Under other conditions, city road drivers generated a 52.11 stress level, the rural road = 48.65, and 50.23 for the toll road. BPNN Training with 1 hidden layer, neuron = 17, ground transfer function, sigmoid linear, and optimation using Genetic Algorithm (GA) obtained the Mean Square Error (MSE) value = 0.00537. The road infrastructure, driving behavior, and emerging hazards in driving took part in increasing the stress level and concentration needs of the drivers. The conclusion may be drawn that the available data and the chosen BPNN structure were appropriate to be used in training and be utilized to predict drivers’ focus and mental stress level. This AI module is beneficial in inputting the data to the braking car safety system by considering those mental factors completing the existing technical factor considerations.
{"title":"PREDICTING THE MENTAL STRESS LEVEL OF DRIVERS IN A BRAKING CAR PROCESS USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE","authors":"S. Sugiono, R. Prasetya, A. A. Fanani, A. Cahyawati","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.7716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7716","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing the physical and mental weariness of drivers is significant in improving healthy and safe driving. This paper is aim to predict the stress level of drivers while braking in various conditions of the track. By discovering the drivers’ mental stress level, we are able to safely and comfortably adjust the distance in relation to the vehicle ahead.\u0000\u0000The initial step used was a study related to Artificial Intelligence (AI), Electroencephalogram (EEG), safe distance in braking, and the theory of mental stress. The data was collected by doing a direct measurement of drivers’stress levels using the EEG tool. The respondents were 5 parties around 30-50 years old who had experience in driving for> 5 years. The research asembled 400 pieces of data about braking including the data of the velocity before braking, track varieties (cityroad, rural road, residential road, and toll road), braking distance, stress level (EEG), and focus (EEG). The database constructed was used to input the machine learning (AI) – Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) in order to predict the drivers’ mental stress level.\u0000\u0000Referring to the data collection, each road type gave a different value of metal stress and focus. City road drivers used an average velocity of 23.24 Km/h with an average braking distance of 11.17 m which generated an average stress level of 53.44 and a focus value of 45.76.Under other conditions, city road drivers generated a 52.11 stress level, the rural road = 48.65, and 50.23 for the toll road. BPNN Training with 1 hidden layer, neuron = 17, ground transfer function, sigmoid linear, and optimation using Genetic Algorithm (GA) obtained the Mean Square Error (MSE) value = 0.00537. The road infrastructure, driving behavior, and emerging hazards in driving took part in increasing the stress level and concentration needs of the drivers.\u0000\u0000The conclusion may be drawn that the available data and the chosen BPNN structure were appropriate to be used in training and be utilized to predict drivers’ focus and mental stress level. This AI module is beneficial in inputting the data to the braking car safety system by considering those mental factors completing the existing technical factor considerations.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43280,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44033057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.7947
S. Ihbour, Laila Berroug, Chahbi Hind, F. Chigr, M. Najimi
Dyslexia is the most common learning disability in school and the most devastating in terms of academic performance. In interaction with the socio-cultural environment, several and various factors can aggravate the difficulties of reader acquisition in dyslexic children. Identifying these factors and interpreting them according to the neuropsychological approach, in the Moroccan context, was the objective of this study Socio-economic data was collected from 626 children, aged 9 to 15 years with an average age of 11,95 years, enrolled in public educational establishments in the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region, located in central Mo- rocco. Among all the participants, 41 had a profile of dyslexia, 13 of whom had reading attitudes evoking "severe dyslexia". Subjects underwent a cognitive assessment. the others were normal-readers and classified as good readers (n=481) and weak readers (n=104). To follow our purpose, we have determined socio-cultural and cognitive variables that may discriminate between students in the "severely dyslexic" group and their "dyslexic" peers. The performance gap was significant in favor of "dyslexic" students in the reading test of pseudowords, rapid naming of images, and the deletion of the initial phoneme. These data reinforce the hypothesis that the phonological deficit is at the root of developmental dyslexia. On the socio-cultural domain, the results showed that preschool attendance and early exposure to written language activity discriminate the participants with a "severe dyslexia" profile from their peers in the "dyslexic" group. We believe that these two factors were responsible for the moderate intensity of the disorder observed in the "dyslexic" group. Our study also showed that bilingualism raises the degree of learning reading difficulties among students with this disorder. These results are consistent with those described in the literature, it suggests that dyslexics can implement compensation strategies both at the behavioral and neuronal level. They call on those in charge of the Moroccan education system to recognize the existence of learning disabilities of neurobiological origin in order to address the necessary care for children who suffer from them.
{"title":"NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH OF FACTORS AGGRAVATING THE READING LEARNING DIFFICULTIES\u0000AMONG MOROCCAN ARABIC-SPEAKING STUDENTS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DYSLEXIA PROFILE","authors":"S. Ihbour, Laila Berroug, Chahbi Hind, F. Chigr, M. Najimi","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.7947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7947","url":null,"abstract":"Dyslexia is the most common learning disability in school and the most devastating in terms of academic performance. In interaction with the socio-cultural environment, several and various factors can aggravate the difficulties of reader acquisition in dyslexic children. Identifying these factors and interpreting them according to the neuropsychological approach, in the Moroccan context, was the objective of this study\u0000\u0000Socio-economic data was collected from 626 children, aged 9 to 15 years with an average age of 11,95 years, enrolled in public educational establishments in the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region, located in central Mo- rocco. Among all the participants, 41 had a profile of dyslexia, 13 of whom had reading attitudes evoking \"severe dyslexia\". Subjects underwent a cognitive assessment. the others were normal-readers and classified as good readers (n=481) and weak readers (n=104). To follow our purpose, we have determined socio-cultural and cognitive variables that may discriminate between students in the \"severely dyslexic\" group and their \"dyslexic\" peers.\u0000\u0000The performance gap was significant in favor of \"dyslexic\" students in the reading test of pseudowords, rapid naming of images, and the deletion of the initial phoneme. These data reinforce the hypothesis that the phonological deficit is at the root of developmental dyslexia. On the socio-cultural domain, the results showed that preschool attendance and early exposure to written language activity discriminate the participants with a \"severe dyslexia\" profile from their peers in the \"dyslexic\" group. We believe that these two factors were responsible for the moderate intensity of the disorder observed in the \"dyslexic\" group. Our study also showed that bilingualism raises the degree of learning reading difficulties among students with this disorder.\u0000\u0000These results are consistent with those described in the literature, it\u0000suggests that dyslexics can implement compensation strategies both\u0000at the behavioral and neuronal level. They call on those in charge of\u0000the Moroccan education system to recognize the existence of learning\u0000disabilities of neurobiological origin in order to address the necessary\u0000care for children who suffer from them.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43280,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48909961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8160
Michał Błaż, M. Ostrowska, J. Zasada, R. Maciag, M. Komar, M. Michalski, M. Trystuła
Stroke due to paradoxical embolism can be a complication of certain peripheral venous procedures in patients with coexisting patent foramen ovale. There is an established link between venous sclerotherapy and stroke, however there are no known reports of this complication following peripheral arteriovenous embolization.We present a case of a 36-year- old woman who experienced symptoms of disorientation and apraxia following a hypoxic event during percutaneous alcohol embolization of a large arteriovenous malformation in her right gluteal region. An MRI scan revealed multiple foci of restricted diffusion in both cerebral hemispheres corresponding to acute ischemic stroke lesions. As the subsequent work-up revealed patent foramen ovale, we speculate on the pathomechanism of stroke and conclude with a recommendation to screen for patent foramen ovale in patients undergoing peripheral venous procedures including arteriovenous malformation embolization.
{"title":"STROKE FOLLOWING PERIPHERAL ARTERIO VENIUS MALFORMATION ALCOHOL EMBOLIZATION – SHOULD WE LOOK FOR PERSISTED FORAMEN OVALE IN ADVANCE?","authors":"Michał Błaż, M. Ostrowska, J. Zasada, R. Maciag, M. Komar, M. Michalski, M. Trystuła","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8160","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke due to paradoxical embolism can be a complication of certain peripheral venous procedures in patients with coexisting patent foramen ovale. There is an established link between venous sclerotherapy and stroke, however there are no known reports of this complication following peripheral arteriovenous embolization.We present a case of a 36-year- old woman who experienced symptoms of disorientation and apraxia following a hypoxic event during percutaneous alcohol embolization of a large arteriovenous malformation in her right gluteal region. An MRI scan revealed multiple foci of restricted diffusion in both cerebral hemispheres corresponding to acute ischemic stroke lesions. As the subsequent work-up revealed patent foramen ovale, we speculate on the pathomechanism of stroke and conclude with a recommendation to screen for patent foramen ovale in patients undergoing peripheral venous procedures including arteriovenous malformation embolization.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43280,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49189251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8060
Elmossati Mohamed Salim, Ahmed Omar Touhami Ahami, H. Oudda, T. M. Ahmadou
The present study has been conducted to investigate the visuospatial constructive cognition and memory among healthy students, as measured by the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT). We have compared the data used to draw the figures with the hypothesis that gender and physiological measurements have an impact on neuropsychological skills. One hundred twenty-five students (43 male, 82 female; age 18–32 years) participated in this study with a computerized numerical recording of the digital plot of the RCFT and a set of socio-demographic variables. Results revealed that visual perception and working memory were impacted by social and health determinants. Additionally, this study presents evidence supporting the implication of resting heart rate (RHR) and organizational strategy in working memory performance. Gender effect seems to be significant in physical and physiological differences. Regression analyses revealed a relevant contribution of study institution and sleep time on RCFT Copy score; RCFT Memory predicted by drawing from memory strategy, RHR, periodic medication use and marital status.
{"title":"EXECUTIVE FUNCTION AND MEMORY FOR THE REY-OSTERREITH COMPLEX FIGURE TASK: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER, HEART RATE AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE IN MOROCCAN STUDENT SAMPLE","authors":"Elmossati Mohamed Salim, Ahmed Omar Touhami Ahami, H. Oudda, T. M. Ahmadou","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8060","url":null,"abstract":"The present study has been conducted to investigate the visuospatial constructive cognition and memory among healthy students, as measured by the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT). We have compared the data used to draw the figures with the hypothesis that gender and physiological measurements have an impact on neuropsychological skills.\u0000\u0000One hundred twenty-five students (43 male, 82 female; age 18–32 years) participated in this study with a computerized numerical recording of the digital plot of the RCFT and a set of socio-demographic variables.\u0000\u0000Results revealed that visual perception and working memory were impacted by social and health determinants. Additionally, this study presents evidence supporting the implication of resting heart rate (RHR) and organizational strategy in working memory performance. Gender effect seems to be significant in physical and physiological differences.\u0000\u0000Regression analyses revealed a relevant contribution of study institution and sleep time on RCFT Copy score; RCFT Memory predicted by drawing from memory strategy, RHR, periodic medication use and marital status.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":43280,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43700895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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