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Editorial Note 编辑说明
IF 0.3 3区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/07311613-10621403
Jisoo M. Kim
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引用次数: 0
Voluntary Outsiders in Their Anthropocentric Nation: Korean Vegan Youth Navigating between National Ruins and Transnational Mobilities 自愿外来者在他们的人类中心国家:韩国素食青年在国家废墟和跨国流动之间导航
IF 0.3 3区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1215/07311613-10213221
Su Young Choi
Abstract:This study asks why and how a segment of young people have led the emergence of veganism in contemporary South Korea since the mid-2010s, and what this appearance means—especially against the backdrop of the wide interpretation of Korean youth as disillusioned and depoliticized individuals who distrust the possibility of any positive social change. The article argues that the youth-driven Korean veganism has played a role in filling the void of the postdevelopmental, postindustrial, and postliberation era of climate crisis and planetary challenges by working as a broad vision for a good life and meaningful social change. Based on qualitative interviews, textual analysis, and participant observation, the article shows why veganism has worked as a way of alternative survival for vegan youth, how veganism as the source of voice and personal growth has been validated and cultivated by the transnational youth culture, and what has enabled veganism's solidarity from and coalition with other social movements. The article contributes to diversifying the representation of Korean youth and their agencies beyond the ruins and pessimism of the neoliberalized Korean society.
摘要:本研究探讨了自2010年代中期以来,一部分年轻人为何以及如何在当代韩国引领素食主义的出现,以及这种出现意味着什么——尤其是在韩国年轻人被广泛解读为幻想破灭和去政治化的个体,他们不信任任何积极社会变革的可能性的背景下。文章认为,以年轻人为中心的韩国纯素食主义,作为美好生活和有意义的社会变革的广阔愿景,填补了气候危机和地球挑战的后发展时代、后工业时代、后解放时代的空白。基于定性访谈、文本分析和参与者观察,本文展示了为什么纯素食主义成为纯素食青年的一种替代生存方式,纯素食主义作为声音和个人成长的来源是如何被跨国青年文化所验证和培养的,以及是什么使纯素食主义与其他社会运动团结一致和联合起来的。在新自由主义化的韩国社会的废墟和悲观主义之外,这篇文章有助于使韩国青年的代表性和能动性多样化。
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引用次数: 1
Gender Politics at Home and Abroad: Protestant Modernity in Colonial-Era Korea 国内外性别政治:殖民时代韩国的新教现代性
IF 0.3 3区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1215/07311613-10211205
Hayun Cho
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引用次数: 0
Coethnic, Multicultural, or Cosmopolitan? Cultural Citizenship, Enfranchisement, and the Contested Category of Korean-Chinese in Globalizing South Korea 共同的,多元文化的,还是世界主义的?文化公民权、强制执行权与韩国全球化中韩裔华人的竞争范畴
IF 0.3 3区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1215/07311613-10213234
Seung-mi Han
Abstract:This article deals with the Korean-Chinese politics of recognition in contemporary South Korea. Unlike North Korean settlers who are "technically" embraced from the outset as coethnics, the Korean-Chinese are located in the interstices of the Act on the Employment of Foreign Workers, the Overseas Koreans Act, and the Multicultural Families Support Act. By analyzing how the Korean-Chinese politics of belonging is mediated by competing models of nationalism, multiculturalism, and political participation that Korean-Chinese bring with them from the People's Republic of China and encounter anew in South Korea, the article puts into relief the various choices available to these migrants and their emotionally-charged disagreements over how to define themselves culturally and politically. Juxtaposing Korean-style multicultural policy with a curiously muted cultural distinctiveness in the Korean-Chinese politics of recognition, the article argues for the importance of cherishing cultural diversity in the public sphere, even for the coethnic politics of belonging.
摘要:本文论述了当代韩国的韩中承认政治。与从一开始就被“技术上”视为同性恋的朝鲜定居者不同,朝中人处于《雇佣外国工人法》、《海外朝鲜人法》和《多元文化家庭支持法》的空隙中。通过分析韩裔中国人从中华人民共和国带来并在韩国重新遇到的民族主义、多元文化和政治参与的竞争模式如何介导韩裔中国的归属政治,这篇文章缓解了这些移民的各种选择,以及他们在文化和政治上如何定义自己的情感分歧。文章将韩国式的多元文化政策与韩中认同政治中令人好奇的低调文化独特性相结合,认为在公共领域珍惜文化多样性的重要性,即使是对男女共同的归属政治也是如此。
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引用次数: 0
Social (Im)mobility and Bureaucratic Failings: Family Background and the Sŏngbun System in North Korea 社会流动性和官僚主义的失败:朝鲜的家庭背景和Sŏngbun制度
IF 0.3 3区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1215/07311613-10213208
Benjamin Katzeff Silberstein
Abstract:This article argues that North Korea's system for family background registration, sŏngbun, has historically been more complex than commonly believed. Using oral testimonies, it shows that the registration process, as seen from a grassroots perspective, involved and likely still involves a great deal of social turmoil. The essay focuses on the period before the famine of the 1990s, often not sufficiently investigated in scholarship on North Korean society. The sŏngbun registration process, by contrast, constitutes a chaotic, messy chapter in North Korean social history, calling the narrative of stability into question. The article also situates North Korea in the broader history of state-building, showing that attempts by states to classify the population and make it legible often involve a great deal of chaos, flaws, and dynamic change. Cataloging the population along the lines of political order was not merely a project of sheer repression but also one of scientific, rational, and forward-looking state-building. Although some citizens manipulated the process to their benefit, several interviewees attested to worse outcomes due to bureaucratic mistakes and reinvestigations of their sŏngbun by the state.
摘要:本文认为,朝鲜的家庭背景登记制度sŏngbun在历史上比人们通常认为的要复杂得多。通过口供可以看出,从基层的角度看,户籍登记过程涉及并可能仍然涉及大量的社会动荡。这篇文章关注的是20世纪90年代饥荒之前的一段时期,在研究朝鲜社会的学术研究中,这段时期往往没有得到充分的研究。相比之下,sŏngbun的注册过程构成了朝鲜社会历史上混乱的一章,让人对稳定的叙述产生了质疑。这篇文章还将朝鲜置于更广泛的国家建设历史中,表明国家对人口进行分类并使其易于辨认的尝试往往涉及大量的混乱、缺陷和动态变化。按照政治秩序对人口进行分类不仅是一个纯粹的镇压项目,也是一个科学、理性和前瞻性的国家建设项目。虽然一些公民为了自己的利益操纵了这个过程,但一些受访者证明,由于官僚主义的错误和国家对他们的sŏngbun的重新调查,结果更糟。
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引用次数: 0
Cold War Cosmopolitanism: Period Style in 1950s Korean Cinema by Christina Klein (review) 冷战世界主义:20世纪50年代韩国电影的时代风格
IF 0.3 3区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1215/07311613-10211214
Jeong Eun Annabel We
what Choi has termed Protestant modernity be inextricable from the history of American empire? One could note that the approaches of these Protestant missionaries are deeply colonial in their fixation with managing the gendered other—in this case, native Korean women. More attention to how the nexus of the colonizer and the colonized haunts the dynamics of organized religion—even if used as a means for native women’s self-actualization—could add to the impressive contributions this book makes. Gender Politics shares critical sensibilities with a robust body of postcolonial and feminist work that examines how native subjects negotiate their own ambiguous agencies under empire and theorizes womanhood from a non-West-centric feminist perspective. Works with similar interventions include Inderpal Grewal and Caren Kaplan’s Scattered Hegemonies (1994), Saba Mahmood’s Politics of Piety (2011), and Sungyun Lim’s Rules of the House (2018). The book is also in conversation with Korean cultural studies on New Women such as Ji-Eun Lee’s Women Pre-Scripted (2015) and Sunyoung Park’s The Proletarian Wave (2015). In addition, Gender Politics joins a dialogue generated by scholars who have been pushing the boundaries of what constitutes Koreanness beyond an ethnonational understanding. These scholars include David S. Roh, who examines connections between Zainichi and Korean American literatures in Minor Transpacific (2021), and Yoon Sun Yang, who in From Domestic Women to Sensitive Young Men (2017) explores how individuality was translated into Korean in the form of the early colonial domestic novel inflected by Japanese and Chinese literary traditions. Choi’s Gender Politics will be useful not only for specialists of colonial-era Korea but also for postcolonial and feminist scholars working in a variety of transnational cultural contexts.
崔所说的新教现代性与美国帝国的历史密不可分?有人可能会注意到,这些新教传教士的做法是根深蒂固的殖民主义,他们执着于管理性别化的另一半——在这种情况下,是韩国本土女性。更多地关注殖民者和被殖民者的关系如何影响有组织的宗教的动态——即使被用作本土女性自我实现的手段——也可能为本书做出令人印象深刻的贡献。《性别政治》与一系列强有力的后殖民和女权主义作品有着共同的批判情感,这些作品考察了本土主体如何在帝国统治下谈判自己的模糊机构,并从非西方中心的女权主义视角对女性身份进行了理论化。类似干预的作品包括Inderpal Grewal和Caren Kaplan的《分散的霸权》(1994)、Saba Mahmood的《虔诚的政治》(2011)和Sungyun Lim的《众议院规则》(2018)。这本书还与韩国对新女性的文化研究进行了对话,如李姬恩的《女性预录》(2015年)和朴善英的《无产阶级浪潮》(2015)。此外,《性别政治》加入了学者们发起的对话,他们一直在超越民族理解,突破构成韩国性的界限。这些学者包括David S.Roh,他在《小跨太平洋》(2021)中研究了再妮池与韩裔美国文学之间的联系,Yoon Sun Yang在《从家庭女性到敏感的年轻男性》(2017)中探讨了个性是如何以受日本和中国文学传统影响的早期殖民地家庭小说的形式被翻译成韩语的。崔的《性别政治》不仅对殖民时代的韩国专家有用,对在各种跨国文化背景下工作的后殖民和女权主义学者也有用。
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引用次数: 0
Against the Chains of Utility: Antiutilitarian Sacrifice in Cho Sehŭi's A Little Ball Launched by the Dwarf 对抗效用链:赵的《小矮人发射的小球》中的反效用牺牲
IF 0.3 3区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1215/07311613-10213195
Serk-Bae Suh
Abstract:This article looks at Cho Sehŭi's novel A Little Ball Launched by the Dwarf (1978) as the epitome of antiutilitarian literature in the 1970s. During the period, the developmental state invoked the rhetoric of sacrifice to justify its demand on the people and society for devotion and commitment to the state-led economic development. This idea of sacrifice lies at the heart of what this article terms "utilitarian ideology." The utilitarian ideology indicates the set of premises on which the developmental state privileged production over consumption, work over leisure, accumulation over expenditure, and the future over the present. This article highlights a moment of antiutilitarian sacrifice in The Dwarf that defies the instrumental reasoning that lies at the heart of the utilitarian ideology. In doing so, the article does not merely take issue with the state ideology of 1970s South Korea. By drawing from Georges Bataille's thoughts on sacrifice and literature, the article criticizes utilitarian sacrifice, which not only lay at the core of this ideology but continues to pervade today's society. In the end, the article locates a new possibility of literature's relevance to society in the moment of antiutilitarian sacrifice radiating from The Dwarf
摘要:本文将赵的小说《小矮人发射的小球》(1978)视为20世纪70年代反功利文学的缩影。在此期间,发展型国家援引牺牲的言论来证明其对人民和社会对国家领导的经济发展的奉献和承诺的要求是合理的。这种牺牲思想是本文所称的“功利主义意识形态”的核心。功利主义意识形态表明了一系列前提,在这些前提下,发展国家优先考虑生产而非消费,优先考虑工作而非休闲,优先考虑积累而非支出,优先考虑未来而非现在。这篇文章强调了《小矮人》中一个反功利主义牺牲的时刻,它挑战了功利主义意识形态核心的工具推理。在这样做的过程中,这篇文章不仅仅是对20世纪70年代韩国的国家意识形态提出了质疑。本文借鉴巴塔耶的牺牲思想和文学思想,批判了功利主义的牺牲,这种牺牲不仅是这种意识形态的核心,而且继续渗透到当今社会。最后,文章从《小矮人》辐射出的反功利牺牲中,找到了文学与社会关联的新可能性
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引用次数: 0
Defender of the Nation, Champion of Science: The Agency for Defense Development as a Nexus for the Technological Transformation of South Korea 国家的捍卫者,科学的捍卫者:国防发展局作为韩国技术转型的纽带
IF 0.3 3区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1215/07311613-10213182
Peter Banseok Kwon
Abstract:The Agency for Defense Development (ADD) has functioned as South Korea's central institute for weapons research and development (R&D) since 1970, when it was established by the Park Chung Hee regime (1961–79). As argued in this article, this quasi-private, quasi-public military institute also fostered major advancements of science and technology during the transformative decade of South Korea's "militarized industrialization," the 1970s, with a lasting impact on the private sector and business relations with the state. Drawing from in-person interviews with living scientists who worked on military projects of the Park state, as well as official records of the ADD and recently declassified government documents, the article tells the story of the ADD's founding and details how, as a key player in Park's pursuit of security independence, the agency spurred technological innovation and industrialization. Through weapons development, the ADD localized R&D, facilitated technological collaboration, established quality control and standardization methods within corporations, and enhanced the scientific workforce with advanced training, altogether promoting the scientization of the Korean private sector. By merging state and business efforts, and by combining military with civilian strengths, the ADD led a process of national scientization and technological governance that still operates at the heart of Korean economic growth today.
摘要:自1970年朴正熙政权(1961–79年)成立以来,国防开发署一直是韩国的中央武器研究与开发机构。正如本文所述,在20世纪70年代韩国“军事化工业化”的变革十年中,这所准私营、准公立军事学院也促进了科学技术的重大进步,对私营部门和与国家的商业关系产生了持久的影响。这篇文章通过对参与公园州军事项目的在世科学家的亲自采访,以及ADD的官方记录和最近解密的政府文件,告诉了ADD成立的故事,并详细介绍了作为公园追求安全独立的关键角色,该机构如何推动技术创新和工业化。通过武器开发,ADD本地化了研发,促进了技术合作,在公司内部建立了质量控制和标准化方法,并通过高级培训增强了科学劳动力,共同促进了韩国私营部门的科学化。通过将国家和企业的努力相结合,并将军事力量与民事力量相结合,ADD领导了一个国家科学化和技术治理的进程,这一进程至今仍然是韩国经济增长的核心。
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引用次数: 0
Kinship Novels of Early Modern Korea: Between Genealogical Time and the Domestic Everyday by Ksenia Chizhova (review) 近代早期韩国亲属小说:在家谱时间与家庭日常之间克谢尼娅·奇若娃(书评)
IF 0.3 3区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1215/07311613-10213247
Hyunhee Park
Kinship Novels of Early Modern Korea is the first English-language study of Korean lineage novels, lengthy fictional narratives written in vernacular Korean, that flourished from the late seventeenth century through the early twentieth century. The lineage novel is not easily accessible for general readers in Korea today, primarily because of the sheer number of volumes, sometimes exceeding one hundred per work. Ksenia Chizhova, however, succeeds in demonstrating the historical and cultural significance of the lineage novel in the broad context of the kinship culture of early modern Korea. She suggests Korean patrilineal kinship was not only a social structure but also a process that was constantly in the making through aesthetic and textual reiterations. The lineage novel for its part represents textual practices that give expressions to the affective dimension of kinship. Chizhova strategically explores six representative examples of the lineage novel: The Pledge at the Banquet of Moon-Gazing Pavilion (Wanwŏl hoemaeng yŏn 玩月會 盟宴), The Remarkable Reunion of Jade Mandarin Ducks (Ogwŏn chaehap kiyŏn 玉鴛再合奇緣) and its sequel, and The Record of Two Heroes: The Brothers Hyŏn (Hyŏn ssi yangung ssangnin ki 玄氏兩雄雙麟記) and its two sequels. She argues that lineage novels typically show a long and convoluted trajectory in which unruly feelings dissonant with the prescriptive kinship are brought into alignment with kinship norms, ultimately confirming the legitimacy and perpetuity of lineage. The book consists of three parts. In part 1, Chizhova historicizes the lineage novel by placing it within the web of kinship texts of various kinds and within the reading and writing culture of elite women. In the first chapter, Chizhova
《近代早期韩国的亲属小说》是第一本以英语研究韩国血统小说的书,这是一种用朝鲜语写的长篇虚构叙事,从17世纪末到20世纪初盛行。在今天的韩国,世系小说对普通读者来说并不容易理解,主要是因为其数量庞大,有时每部作品超过100部。然而,克谢尼娅·奇若娃成功地在近代早期韩国亲属文化的大背景下展示了世系小说的历史和文化意义。她认为,韩国父系亲属关系不仅是一种社会结构,而且是一个通过美学和文本重复不断形成的过程。血统小说本身代表了文本实践,表达了亲属关系的情感维度。Chizhova战略探索六个代表家族小说的例子:承诺在宴会上赏月馆(Wanwŏl hoemaeng yŏn玩月會盟宴),玉鸳鸯了非凡的聚会(Ogwŏn chaehap kiyŏn玉鴛再合奇緣)和它的续集,和两个英雄的记录:兄弟Hyŏn (Hyŏn ssi yangung ssangnin ki玄氏兩雄雙麟記)及其两部续集。她认为,世系小说通常表现出一个漫长而曲折的轨迹,在这个轨迹中,与规范性亲属关系不协调的不羁情感被带入与亲属关系规范的一致,最终确认了世系的合法性和永恒性。这本书由三部分组成。在第一部分中,奇若娃将世系小说历史化将其置于各种亲属文本的网络中以及精英女性的阅读和写作文化中。在第一章中,奇若娃
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引用次数: 1
Traffic in Asian Women 贩卖亚洲妇女
IF 0.3 3区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1215/07311613-10213260
Yumi Moon
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Korean Studies
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