Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1215/07311613-9859798
Jeongsoo Shin
Abstract:Theoretically, ink rubbings are secondary to the steles they come from, but they served as primary sources for epigraphers who were more interested in literati inscriptionality than they were in the three-dimensional monumentality of the steles. In this shifting status of the two media, textual form and calligraphic style play a subtle yet critical role in the appreciation of inscriptions. Beginning in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, scholars in China and Korea exchanged rubbings of ancient steles to build friendships. Conflicting interpretations, however, arose when discussing the calligraphic style of Korean inscriptions. Chinese fascination with Korean steles is understood as part of their investigation into the remnants of Chinese heritage on the Korean peninsula. Korean scholars, in turn, attempted to suggest that Korean culture kept abreast with that of China from early times onward. Using two case studies of the Mujangsa and Hwangch'oryŏng Steles, this article discusses how self-serving agendas motivated scholars of both countries.
{"title":"Kim Chŏnghŭi and His Epigraphic Studies: Two Silla Steles and Their Rubbings","authors":"Jeongsoo Shin","doi":"10.1215/07311613-9859798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07311613-9859798","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Theoretically, ink rubbings are secondary to the steles they come from, but they served as primary sources for epigraphers who were more interested in literati inscriptionality than they were in the three-dimensional monumentality of the steles. In this shifting status of the two media, textual form and calligraphic style play a subtle yet critical role in the appreciation of inscriptions. Beginning in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, scholars in China and Korea exchanged rubbings of ancient steles to build friendships. Conflicting interpretations, however, arose when discussing the calligraphic style of Korean inscriptions. Chinese fascination with Korean steles is understood as part of their investigation into the remnants of Chinese heritage on the Korean peninsula. Korean scholars, in turn, attempted to suggest that Korean culture kept abreast with that of China from early times onward. Using two case studies of the Mujangsa and Hwangch'oryŏng Steles, this article discusses how self-serving agendas motivated scholars of both countries.","PeriodicalId":43322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47785999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial Note","authors":"Jisoo M. Kim","doi":"10.1111/rsp3.12693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rsp3.12693","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41762947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07311613-9474357
Susan Hwang
{"title":"Revisiting Minjung: New Perspectives on the Cultural History of 1980s South Korea","authors":"Susan Hwang","doi":"10.1215/07311613-9474357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07311613-9474357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41269000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07311613-9474279
Jooyeon Rhee
Abstract:This article examines visual representations of kisaeng (courtesans) in photographs and photo postcards, produced by Japanese entrepreneurs and kisaeng themselves, by viewing them as a contentious site of the historical memory of Japanese colonialism. It problematizes the nation-focused narratives on kisaeng in postcolonial South Korea as these narratives fail to recognize the complex dimension of the image-making process that cannot be fully grasped by the dialectic of the colonial aggressor and its victim. Instead, this article shows how kisaeng exercised their agency by actively engaging in producing visual images of themselves as a politically conscious response to the colonial reality. The author pays special attention to visual images appearing in the magazine Changhan, which was established by a group of kisaeng, to underscore women's political intervention in the visual regime of colonial capitalism. The women's voices embedded in Changhan are crucial, since they not only problematize their othered social position constructed by colonial capitalism and patriarchy but also lead us to investigate their interventions in the politics of representation that moved strategically across tradition and modernity while shifting their position from object to subject, and vice versa, revealing their tactical maneuver of the technological implications of visual politics.
{"title":"Beyond the Sexualized Colonial Narrative: Undoing the Visual History of Kisaeng in Colonial Korea","authors":"Jooyeon Rhee","doi":"10.1215/07311613-9474279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07311613-9474279","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines visual representations of kisaeng (courtesans) in photographs and photo postcards, produced by Japanese entrepreneurs and kisaeng themselves, by viewing them as a contentious site of the historical memory of Japanese colonialism. It problematizes the nation-focused narratives on kisaeng in postcolonial South Korea as these narratives fail to recognize the complex dimension of the image-making process that cannot be fully grasped by the dialectic of the colonial aggressor and its victim. Instead, this article shows how kisaeng exercised their agency by actively engaging in producing visual images of themselves as a politically conscious response to the colonial reality. The author pays special attention to visual images appearing in the magazine Changhan, which was established by a group of kisaeng, to underscore women's political intervention in the visual regime of colonial capitalism. The women's voices embedded in Changhan are crucial, since they not only problematize their othered social position constructed by colonial capitalism and patriarchy but also lead us to investigate their interventions in the politics of representation that moved strategically across tradition and modernity while shifting their position from object to subject, and vice versa, revealing their tactical maneuver of the technological implications of visual politics.","PeriodicalId":43322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41376937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07311613-9474266
Seunghyun Han
Abstract:During the reigns of Yŏngjo (r. 1724–76) and Chŏngjo (r. 1776–1800), royal audiences and tests were established as important components of the mangbaerye-day events. For the two rulers, the audience was an occasion to use the significance of the rituals to justify bureaucratic promotions for the attendees. The literary and military tests on mangbaerye days were systematized by Yŏngjo and administered by the ruler as a stage in the state examination. By assuming leading ideological roles through rituals, Yŏngjo was able to present the image of a sage-ruler with supreme political and ideological authority. Chŏngjo refrained from bestowing examination privileges in the mangbaerye tests, making the mangbaerye days special occasions for disseminating Ming loyalism. In the nineteenth century, the frequency of Ming loyalist rituals was significantly reduced, and royal audiences came to a complete halt. Moreover, the rituals incrementally lost ground as events for highlighting the importance of the ritual attendees. The mangbaerye-day tests in the nineteenth century served as a venue to promote participating families' political advancement, rather than as an occasion to bolster the monarchical authority and power.
{"title":"The Mangbaerye Examinations: Ming Loyalist Court Rituals and Royal Authority in Eighteenth-and Nineteenth-Century Chosŏn","authors":"Seunghyun Han","doi":"10.1215/07311613-9474266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07311613-9474266","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:During the reigns of Yŏngjo (r. 1724–76) and Chŏngjo (r. 1776–1800), royal audiences and tests were established as important components of the mangbaerye-day events. For the two rulers, the audience was an occasion to use the significance of the rituals to justify bureaucratic promotions for the attendees. The literary and military tests on mangbaerye days were systematized by Yŏngjo and administered by the ruler as a stage in the state examination. By assuming leading ideological roles through rituals, Yŏngjo was able to present the image of a sage-ruler with supreme political and ideological authority. Chŏngjo refrained from bestowing examination privileges in the mangbaerye tests, making the mangbaerye days special occasions for disseminating Ming loyalism. In the nineteenth century, the frequency of Ming loyalist rituals was significantly reduced, and royal audiences came to a complete halt. Moreover, the rituals incrementally lost ground as events for highlighting the importance of the ritual attendees. The mangbaerye-day tests in the nineteenth century served as a venue to promote participating families' political advancement, rather than as an occasion to bolster the monarchical authority and power.","PeriodicalId":43322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44270377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07311613-9474331
Y. Yang
{"title":"Imperatives of Care: Women and Medicine in Colonial Korea by Sonja Kim (review)","authors":"Y. Yang","doi":"10.1215/07311613-9474331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07311613-9474331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43441069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07311613-9474318
Sixiang Wang
{"title":"The Korean Vernacular Story: Telling Tales of Contemporary Chosŏn in Sinographic Writing","authors":"Sixiang Wang","doi":"10.1215/07311613-9474318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07311613-9474318","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43929888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07311613-9474292
John Park
Abstract:This study examines the aesthetic significance of the apartment building in Kim Namch'ŏn's Barley in relationship to the novella's narrative form. Actively directing the narrative movement, on the one hand, and representing the sense of alienation experienced by Korean intellectuals in the colonial period, on the other, the building is both realistic and allegorical. Its functional role in the narrative development, as well as its symbolic representation of the dominant presence of Western forms, both architectural and ideological, renders the figure of the apartment building essentially ambiguous. This study claims that this ambiguous quality of the building achieves the realist aesthetics that Kim theorized. To articulate this aesthetic and literary theoretical achievement, the article demonstrates how the architecture of the building shapes the narrative movement and describes how the building itself provides the interpretive frame for understanding the significant scenes of the narrative, whose contours the building shapes. The author concludes with an analysis of an unremarkable but critical turn toward the end of the narrative that challenges and resists the interpretive frame the building imposes. This turn grounds the possibility of the experience of alienation becoming art.
{"title":"Kim Namch'ŏn's Barley: Architecture of Loss and Life in Late Colonial Korea","authors":"John Park","doi":"10.1215/07311613-9474292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07311613-9474292","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This study examines the aesthetic significance of the apartment building in Kim Namch'ŏn's Barley in relationship to the novella's narrative form. Actively directing the narrative movement, on the one hand, and representing the sense of alienation experienced by Korean intellectuals in the colonial period, on the other, the building is both realistic and allegorical. Its functional role in the narrative development, as well as its symbolic representation of the dominant presence of Western forms, both architectural and ideological, renders the figure of the apartment building essentially ambiguous. This study claims that this ambiguous quality of the building achieves the realist aesthetics that Kim theorized. To articulate this aesthetic and literary theoretical achievement, the article demonstrates how the architecture of the building shapes the narrative movement and describes how the building itself provides the interpretive frame for understanding the significant scenes of the narrative, whose contours the building shapes. The author concludes with an analysis of an unremarkable but critical turn toward the end of the narrative that challenges and resists the interpretive frame the building imposes. This turn grounds the possibility of the experience of alienation becoming art.","PeriodicalId":43322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47740621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1215/07311613-9474305
Seung-kyung Kim, J. Finch
Abstract:Mandatory military service has been an inescapable fact of life for young men in South Korea from the time of the Korean War. It continues to this day, despite the country's neoliberal transformation that began following the Asian financial crisis of 1997 and the extension of the neoliberal values of market competition, individual freedom, and meritocracy into all facets of contemporary South Korean life; and despite the contradiction between an ideology of freedom and rational choices and an institution that obligates men to serve in the military or face imprisonment. Based on interviews with forty-five South Korean college students who had recently completed their military service, this study examines how the neoliberal ethos instilled in Korean millennials as they grew up in the twenty-first century guides their decisions and strategies regarding military service.
{"title":"South Korean Millennials' Military Service and Neoliberal Calculations","authors":"Seung-kyung Kim, J. Finch","doi":"10.1215/07311613-9474305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07311613-9474305","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Mandatory military service has been an inescapable fact of life for young men in South Korea from the time of the Korean War. It continues to this day, despite the country's neoliberal transformation that began following the Asian financial crisis of 1997 and the extension of the neoliberal values of market competition, individual freedom, and meritocracy into all facets of contemporary South Korean life; and despite the contradiction between an ideology of freedom and rational choices and an institution that obligates men to serve in the military or face imprisonment. Based on interviews with forty-five South Korean college students who had recently completed their military service, this study examines how the neoliberal ethos instilled in Korean millennials as they grew up in the twenty-first century guides their decisions and strategies regarding military service.","PeriodicalId":43322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45030542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1215/07311613-9155276
Mark E. Caprio
{"title":"Foreign Friends: Syngman Rhee, American Exceptionalism, and the Division of Korea by David P. Fields (review)","authors":"Mark E. Caprio","doi":"10.1215/07311613-9155276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/07311613-9155276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42009618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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