Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.20360/LANGANDLIT29443
X. Xiao
The present study examined the contributions of vocabulary knowledge, syntactic skills, and oral narrative skills to sentence reading comprehension among Chinese junior elementary school children. Various language and reading measures were administered to 85 Chinese normally-achieving children at Grades 2 and 3 in Hong Kong. Results showed that vocabulary knowledge and oral narrative skills contributed significantly to word order skills, an important syntactic skill in Chinese. Vocabulary knowledge contributed to word recognition directly and contributed to sentence comprehension indirectly through word recognition and syntactic skills; and syntactic skills contributed to sentence comprehension directly. These findings suggest that while vocabulary knowledge is important for Chinese word reading, syntactic word order plays a central role in Chinese sentence comprehension. The implications of these findings for our theoretical understanding of the Simple View of Reading, as well as reading instruction, will be discussed.
{"title":"Modeling the Relationships between Language Skills and Sentence Comprehension among Chinese Junior Elementary Graders","authors":"X. Xiao","doi":"10.20360/LANGANDLIT29443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20360/LANGANDLIT29443","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined the contributions of vocabulary knowledge, syntactic skills, and oral narrative skills to sentence reading comprehension among Chinese junior elementary school children. Various language and reading measures were administered to 85 Chinese normally-achieving children at Grades 2 and 3 in Hong Kong. Results showed that vocabulary knowledge and oral narrative skills contributed significantly to word order skills, an important syntactic skill in Chinese. Vocabulary knowledge contributed to word recognition directly and contributed to sentence comprehension indirectly through word recognition and syntactic skills; and syntactic skills contributed to sentence comprehension directly. These findings suggest that while vocabulary knowledge is important for Chinese word reading, syntactic word order plays a central role in Chinese sentence comprehension. The implications of these findings for our theoretical understanding of the Simple View of Reading, as well as reading instruction, will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":43360,"journal":{"name":"Written Language and Literacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83913868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.20360/langandlit29403
R. Bright, Michele Loman
This study documents, over a three-year period, the effects of an Indigo Love of Reading Foundation grant and teacher professional learning in literacy on the motivation for reading in a large urban middle school. The school-wide focus on literacy included: 1) the development of a Literacy Exploratory, a 50-minute daily period set aside for teachers to help students develop as readers, choose books to read, and have time to be involved in a reading community, 2) ongoing teacher professional learning, and 3) a $125,000.00 Indigo Love of Reading Foundation grant. The grant was provided to support the school’s literacy initiatives through purchasing new books for the library and for the development of classroom libraries for every teacher. Using the Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ) (Wigfield and Guthrie, 1997), students’ favourable ratings of four aspects of intrinsic reading motivation – efficacy, importance, challenge, and social – increased significantly over the course of the study. Teachers’ perceptions indicate they have valued the school-wide focus on literacy, their principal’s support, and the professional learning opportunities that were offered; they pointed to the effect of the grant on helping them create and use classroom libraries in their instructional practice. Students, too, indicated that their motivation for reading has been positively influenced by the school’s focus on literacy, with the suggestion that teachers continue to offer greater choice in their reading material. The findings of this study do not contradict previous research that shows, overall, motivation for reading declines over the middle school years.
本研究记录了一所大型城市中学在三年的时间里，靛蓝热爱阅读基金会资助和教师专业读写学习对阅读动机的影响。全校范围内对读写能力的关注包括:1)开展读写能力探索，每天留出50分钟的时间，让教师帮助学生培养阅读能力，选择阅读书籍，并有时间参与阅读社区;2)持续的教师专业学习;3)靛蓝热爱阅读基金会(Indigo Love of reading Foundation) 125,000美元的赠款。这笔赠款的目的是通过为图书馆购买新书和为每位教师开发教室图书馆来支持学校的扫盲倡议。使用阅读动机问卷(MRQ) (Wigfield and Guthrie, 1997)，学生对内在阅读动机的四个方面——有效性、重要性、挑战性和社会性——的满意评分在研究过程中显著增加。教师的看法表明，他们重视全校对扫盲的关注、校长的支持和提供的专业学习机会;他们指出，这项拨款在帮助他们在教学实践中创建和使用课堂图书馆方面发挥了作用。学生们也表示，学校对读写能力的重视对他们的阅读动机产生了积极的影响，并建议教师继续提供更多的阅读材料选择。这项研究的结果与之前的研究结果并不矛盾，之前的研究表明，总体而言，阅读动机在中学阶段下降。
{"title":"Do Books Make a Difference? The Effects of an Indigo Love of Reading Foundation Grant and Teacher Professional Learning on Motivation for Reading in a Middle School","authors":"R. Bright, Michele Loman","doi":"10.20360/langandlit29403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20360/langandlit29403","url":null,"abstract":"This study documents, over a three-year period, the effects of an Indigo Love of Reading Foundation grant and teacher professional learning in literacy on the motivation for reading in a large urban middle school. The school-wide focus on literacy included: 1) the development of a Literacy Exploratory, a 50-minute daily period set aside for teachers to help students develop as readers, choose books to read, and have time to be involved in a reading community, 2) ongoing teacher professional learning, and 3) a $125,000.00 Indigo Love of Reading Foundation grant. The grant was provided to support the school’s literacy initiatives through purchasing new books for the library and for the development of classroom libraries for every teacher. Using the Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ) (Wigfield and Guthrie, 1997), students’ favourable ratings of four aspects of intrinsic reading motivation – efficacy, importance, challenge, and social – increased significantly over the course of the study. Teachers’ perceptions indicate they have valued the school-wide focus on literacy, their principal’s support, and the professional learning opportunities that were offered; they pointed to the effect of the grant on helping them create and use classroom libraries in their instructional practice. Students, too, indicated that their motivation for reading has been positively influenced by the school’s focus on literacy, with the suggestion that teachers continue to offer greater choice in their reading material. The findings of this study do not contradict previous research that shows, overall, motivation for reading declines over the middle school years.","PeriodicalId":43360,"journal":{"name":"Written Language and Literacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86657979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.20360/langandlit29481
Judith Beaulieu, Marilyn Dupuis-Brouillette
L’article s’inscrit dans une perspective d’interaction entre la personne et le milieu. Ici, la personne a des incapacités intellectuelles profondes et elle est scolarisée dans une classe spéciale où son enseignante met en oeuvre de la lecture interactive. Nous proposons d’analyser cette mise en oeuvre sous l’angle de deux modèles : didactique d’Irwin (2007) et psychopédagogique de Fougeyrollas et ses collaborateurs (1998). Il sera question de l’interaction entre l’élève, un contexte, la classe spéciale, la lecture interactive et le développement des processus liés à la lecture (Irwin, 2007). Il s’agit d’une recherche collaborative. Les résultats issus de cette recherche montre que la personne ayant des incapacités intellectuelles profondes peut développer ses processus impliqués dans l’acte de lire et qu’il est possible d’enseigner avec la littérature de jeunesse à cette clientèle.
{"title":"Mise en œuvre de la lecture interactive auprès d’une élève ayant des incapacités intellectuelles profondes : interaction personne/milieu","authors":"Judith Beaulieu, Marilyn Dupuis-Brouillette","doi":"10.20360/langandlit29481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20360/langandlit29481","url":null,"abstract":"L’article s’inscrit dans une perspective d’interaction entre la personne et le milieu. Ici, la personne a des incapacités intellectuelles profondes et elle est scolarisée dans une classe spéciale où son enseignante met en oeuvre de la lecture interactive. Nous proposons d’analyser cette mise en oeuvre sous l’angle de deux modèles : didactique d’Irwin (2007) et psychopédagogique de Fougeyrollas et ses collaborateurs (1998). Il sera question de l’interaction entre l’élève, un contexte, la classe spéciale, la lecture interactive et le développement des processus liés à la lecture (Irwin, 2007). Il s’agit d’une recherche collaborative. Les résultats issus de cette recherche montre que la personne ayant des incapacités intellectuelles profondes peut développer ses processus impliqués dans l’acte de lire et qu’il est possible d’enseigner avec la littérature de jeunesse à cette clientèle.","PeriodicalId":43360,"journal":{"name":"Written Language and Literacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78669467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.20360/langandlit29473
J. McConnel, C. de Leon
This study explores how grit manifests in the nominees of Ontario’s Forest of Reading Blue Spruce Award children’s literature competition from 2013-2018. Performing a document analysis (Bowen, 2009), we used a modified version of Duckworth’s (2018) grit scale to gauge the grittiness of the nominees’ protagonists. We found that 28 of the 60 titles portrayed grit with 19 of those titles scoring four or higher on the modified grit scale indicating that protagonists had consistently high scores for the various aspects of grit. Our paper concludes with a discussion about implications to educators seeking to use these books to engage students in discussions about grit and resilience.
{"title":"The Brightest Part of the Forest: A Grit Analysis of an Ontario Children’s Book Award","authors":"J. McConnel, C. de Leon","doi":"10.20360/langandlit29473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20360/langandlit29473","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores how grit manifests in the nominees of Ontario’s Forest of Reading Blue Spruce Award children’s literature competition from 2013-2018. Performing a document analysis (Bowen, 2009), we used a modified version of Duckworth’s (2018) grit scale to gauge the grittiness of the nominees’ protagonists. We found that 28 of the 60 titles portrayed grit with 19 of those titles scoring four or higher on the modified grit scale indicating that protagonists had consistently high scores for the various aspects of grit. Our paper concludes with a discussion about implications to educators seeking to use these books to engage students in discussions about grit and resilience.","PeriodicalId":43360,"journal":{"name":"Written Language and Literacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89173888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-24DOI: 10.20360/langandlit29515
C. Thomas, Nicki Benson, M. Lemon
Inspired by our attendance at the 16th Annual Language and Literacy Researchers of Canada (LLRC) Pre-Conference and their call to undertake ways in which race, decolonization, and unsettling research can shift the lens of traditional language and literacy approaches, we have come together to experiment with métissage (Hasebe-Ludt et. al, 2009) as a writing and research praxis. Using this “writing as inquiry” (Richardson & St. Pierre, 2005) methodological and theoretical approach, we embark upon our métissage of making kin. With research interests in the fields of Indigenous Language Revitalization (Benson), Ecojustice Education (Lemon), and Decolonial/Equitable Teacher Education and Schooling (Thomas), we weave together our micro-stories, provoked by the temporal questions: Where do we come from? Where are we right now? Where do we hope things will go?
我们参加了第16届加拿大语言和扫盲研究人员年会(LLRC)，他们呼吁采取种族、非殖民化和令人不安的研究可以改变传统语言和扫盲方法的方式，受此启发，我们聚集在一起，尝试将msamtissm (Hasebe-Ludt et. al .， 2009)作为写作和研究实践。使用这种“写作作为探究”(理查森和圣皮埃尔，2005)的方法和理论方法，我们开始了我们的“制造亲属”的交流。我们对土著语言复兴(本森)、生态正义教育(莱蒙)和非殖民化/公平教师教育和学校教育(托马斯)等领域的研究感兴趣，我们将微观故事编织在一起，受到时间问题的启发:我们从哪里来?我们现在在哪里?我们希望事情走向何方?
{"title":"(Be)Coming Together: Making Kin through Stories of Language and Literacy","authors":"C. Thomas, Nicki Benson, M. Lemon","doi":"10.20360/langandlit29515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20360/langandlit29515","url":null,"abstract":"Inspired by our attendance at the 16th Annual Language and Literacy Researchers of Canada (LLRC) Pre-Conference and their call to undertake ways in which race, decolonization, and unsettling research can shift the lens of traditional language and literacy approaches, we have come together to experiment with métissage (Hasebe-Ludt et. al, 2009) as a writing and research praxis. Using this “writing as inquiry” (Richardson & St. Pierre, 2005) methodological and theoretical approach, we embark upon our métissage of making kin. With research interests in the fields of Indigenous Language Revitalization (Benson), Ecojustice Education (Lemon), and Decolonial/Equitable Teacher Education and Schooling (Thomas), we weave together our micro-stories, provoked by the temporal questions: Where do we come from? Where are we right now? Where do we hope things will go?","PeriodicalId":43360,"journal":{"name":"Written Language and Literacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86166138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-24DOI: 10.20360/langandlit29516
Gunita Gupta
In fine arts, a diptych usually consists of two paintings that are hinged or bound together to form a single piece that opens like a book. In my interpretation of the form, I have written this paper as a textual diptych. It consists of two halves—each of which provides a slightly different perspective and response to the question: How might scholars work to unsettle conventional practices of academic representation in order to allow for different knowledges and understandings to emerge? Further, I wonder in what ways I might expand how and what I write to include as-yet-unsanctioned thoughts, insights, sources, forms, and habits in order to unsettle conventional academic scholarship. This piece of work is my current contribution to the conversation on what it means to write academically, to represent one’s scholarship.
{"title":"Click Here: Unsettling Scholarly Writing Practices and Knowledge Representation","authors":"Gunita Gupta","doi":"10.20360/langandlit29516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20360/langandlit29516","url":null,"abstract":"In fine arts, a diptych usually consists of two paintings that are hinged or bound together to form a single piece that opens like a book. In my interpretation of the form, I have written this paper as a textual diptych. It consists of two halves—each of which provides a slightly different perspective and response to the question: How might scholars work to unsettle conventional practices of academic representation in order to allow for different knowledges and understandings to emerge? Further, I wonder in what ways I might expand how and what I write to include as-yet-unsanctioned thoughts, insights, sources, forms, and habits in order to unsettle conventional academic scholarship. This piece of work is my current contribution to the conversation on what it means to write academically, to represent one’s scholarship.","PeriodicalId":43360,"journal":{"name":"Written Language and Literacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91373609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-24DOI: 10.20360/langandlit29513
Galicia Blackman
As a newcomer to Canadian culture, I present an interpretive rendering of my encounters with settler and Indigenous relations. It is my humble attempt to respond to the Truth and Reconciliation Calls to Action ([TRC], 2015) for newcomers, by providing insight into what newcomers might experience in response to the complexities of Indigenous and settler dialogues. Newcomers are diverse groups, on the fringes of Indigenous-settler relations discourse, and outside of the protocols to enter such dialogues. Therefore, I ask, where and when can newcomers, temporary or long term, enter the dialogues in meaningful, respectful ways? I came to recognize that as a newcomer the more appropriate course of action would be to wait to be invited into the conversation; but that does not absolve me of the responsibility to inform myself about Indigenous-settler relations and confront my discomforts with how I am implicated in these relations. This led me to inquire, can newcomers be of value in the ways multiple ethnic groups live together, in a good way? Using a hermeneutic and mythopoetic lens I present a series of vignettes that attempt to grapple with these questions, to contribute to the discourse of responses to the Calls to Action (TRC, 2015).
{"title":"The Meeting of Multiple Words and Worlds","authors":"Galicia Blackman","doi":"10.20360/langandlit29513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20360/langandlit29513","url":null,"abstract":"As a newcomer to Canadian culture, I present an interpretive rendering of my encounters with settler and Indigenous relations. It is my humble attempt to respond to the Truth and Reconciliation Calls to Action ([TRC], 2015) for newcomers, by providing insight into what newcomers might experience in response to the complexities of Indigenous and settler dialogues. Newcomers are diverse groups, on the fringes of Indigenous-settler relations discourse, and outside of the protocols to enter such dialogues. Therefore, I ask, where and when can newcomers, temporary or long term, enter the dialogues in meaningful, respectful ways? I came to recognize that as a newcomer the more appropriate course of action would be to wait to be invited into the conversation; but that does not absolve me of the responsibility to inform myself about Indigenous-settler relations and confront my discomforts with how I am implicated in these relations. This led me to inquire, can newcomers be of value in the ways multiple ethnic groups live together, in a good way? Using a hermeneutic and mythopoetic lens I present a series of vignettes that attempt to grapple with these questions, to contribute to the discourse of responses to the Calls to Action (TRC, 2015).","PeriodicalId":43360,"journal":{"name":"Written Language and Literacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86973198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-24DOI: 10.20360/langandlit29514
Darcy Courtland
In this paper I explore my evolving understandings of literacy and ways of knowing. Using autobiographical narrative inquiry (Clandinin & Connelly, 2000), the first section of my paper delves into the ways I have previously negotiated concepts of literacy as an educator and novice researcher. In the second section of my paper, I turn towards Indigenous scholarship (Antone, 2003; Cardinal, 2010; Young, 2005) as I embrace my conception of literacy as “life lived” in conjunction with Freire’s (1985) concept of dwelling in uncertainty. By engaging narratively with my own literacy and learning experiences during the first year of my doctoral program, I negotiate uncertainty through three threads of learning: slowing down, being open to vulnerability, and walking humbly in good
{"title":"Becoming a (Re)Searcher: Negotiating Literacies and Uncertainty","authors":"Darcy Courtland","doi":"10.20360/langandlit29514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20360/langandlit29514","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper I explore my evolving understandings of literacy and ways of knowing. Using autobiographical narrative inquiry (Clandinin & Connelly, 2000), the first section of my paper delves into the ways I have previously negotiated concepts of literacy as an educator and novice researcher. In the second section of my paper, I turn towards Indigenous scholarship (Antone, 2003; Cardinal, 2010; Young, 2005) as I embrace my conception of literacy as “life lived” in conjunction with Freire’s (1985) concept of dwelling in uncertainty. By engaging narratively with my own literacy and learning experiences during the first year of my doctoral program, I negotiate uncertainty through three threads of learning: slowing down, being open to vulnerability, and walking humbly in good","PeriodicalId":43360,"journal":{"name":"Written Language and Literacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80273576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-24DOI: 10.20360/langandlit29512
Laura Teichert, Alexis Brown
Editorial
编辑
{"title":"Race and Decolonization in Language & Literacies: Unsettling Research and Practices","authors":"Laura Teichert, Alexis Brown","doi":"10.20360/langandlit29512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20360/langandlit29512","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial","PeriodicalId":43360,"journal":{"name":"Written Language and Literacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89680933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Writing systems","authors":"T. Joyce, R. Crellin","doi":"10.1075/wll.00024.joy","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/wll.00024.joy","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43360,"journal":{"name":"Written Language and Literacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72671106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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