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Smoking and Unemployment: A Photo Elicitation Project. 吸烟与失业:一个摄影启发项目。
IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2020-07-06 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X20921446
Anne K Michalek, Samantha L Wong, Cati G Brown-Johnson, Judith J Prochaska

Introduction: Research has documented higher smoking prevalence with unemployment and greater difficulty with gaining re-employment for those who smoke. Using photo elicitation methods, we sought to gain a deeper understanding of the connection between job-seeking and tobacco use.

Methods: Unemployed daily smokers (18 men, 1 woman) were recruited from the San Francisco Employment Development Department (EDD) and provided disposable cameras with 27 exposures and a list of 20 photo prompts related to job-seeking and tobacco. Study staff reviewed the photos with the participants and audio-recorded their narratives. The photos and narratives were coded for themes.

Results: Of 363 photos, the most frequent photo imagery related to transportation (n = 56, 15.4%), work or education (n = 39, 10.7%), and littered cigarettes (n = 39, 10.7%). Narrated themes centered on motivators to quit smoking (255 mentions from 15 participants); people, places, and things associated with smoking (248 mentions, 16 participants); and motivators to secure work (157 mentions, 13 participants). The intersection of smoking and unemployment received 92 mentions from 11 participants, with 60 mentions (8 participants) identifying smoking as a barrier to re-employment.

Conclusions: Both motivators to quit and associated smoking cues were salient in the environments of job-seeking smokers. Struggles with quitting and perceptions that smoking is harming re-employment success suggest the potential for offering tobacco treatment in EDD settings. With permission, the photos and themes have been incorporated into a tobacco treatment intervention for job-seeking smokers.

引言:研究表明,失业人群吸烟率较高,而吸烟者再就业的难度也较大。利用图片启发的方法,我们试图更深入地了解求职和吸烟之间的联系。方法:从旧金山就业发展部(EDD)招募每日吸烟的失业者(男性18人,女性1人),提供27次曝光的一次性相机和20张与求职和吸烟相关的照片提示。研究人员与参与者一起回顾照片,并录音记录他们的叙述。照片和叙述是根据主题编码的。结果:在363张照片中,最常见的照片图像与交通(n = 56, 15.4%)、工作或教育(n = 39, 10.7%)和散落的香烟(n = 39, 10.7%)有关。以戒烟动机为中心的叙述主题(15名参与者提到255次);与吸烟有关的人、地点和事物(248次提及,16名参与者);以及获得工作的激励因素(157次提及,13名参与者)。11名参与者提到了92次吸烟和失业的交集,其中60次(8名参与者)认为吸烟是再就业的障碍。结论:在求职吸烟者的环境中,戒烟动机和相关的吸烟提示都是显著的。戒烟的挣扎和吸烟危害再就业成功的认识表明,在EDD环境中提供烟草治疗的潜力。经许可,这些照片和主题已被纳入求职吸烟者的烟草治疗干预。
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引用次数: 7
A Qualitative Exploration of Consumers' Perceived Impacts, Behavioural Reactions, and Future Reflections of the EU Tobacco Products Directive (2017) as Applied to Electronic Cigarettes. 消费者对欧盟烟草制品指令(2017 年)应用于电子烟的认知影响、行为反应和未来思考的定性探索。
IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2020-06-19 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X20925458
Emma Ward, Claudia Anholt, Sarah Gentry, Lynne Dawkins, Richard Holland, Caitlin Notley

Background: Electronic cigarette regulations included in the Tobacco Products Directive (TPD), Article 20, implemented in Europe by May 2017, aimed to improve safety for e-cigarette consumers, and prevent uptake among non-smokers, particularly young people. Before implementation, there were significant concerns from consumers, industry, and some in the scientific community about the potential negative impact of the TPD on people using e-cigarettes to remain abstinent from smoking. To date, there is limited evidence on how the TPD has affected consumers. This study aimed to add insight into how consumers perceived and experienced the regulations.

Methods: Qualitative data, collected between March 2018 and March 2019, relating to participant views of the TPD were extracted from 160 interviews/extended surveys of e-cigarette consumers as part of a wider study into e-cigarette use trajectories (ECtra study). Data were thematically analysed.

Results: Awareness of the TPD among consumers was not universal. Participants' smoking behaviour did not appear to be influenced by the legislation. Participants were reassured by manufacturing regulations and requirements for ingredients labels. Participants responded negatively to changes perceived to cause inconvenience and extra plastic waste. The product restrictions prompted some participants to purchase non-compliant products illegally, potentially putting their safety at risk.

Conclusions: E-cigarette regulation should focus on ensuring product safety. Raising awareness of the TPD among consumers and smokers could be beneficial.

背景:烟草制品指令》(TPD)第20条中的电子烟法规于2017年5月在欧洲实施,旨在提高电子烟消费者的安全性,防止非吸烟者尤其是年轻人吸食电子烟。在实施之前,消费者、行业和一些科学界人士对 TPD 可能对使用电子烟戒烟的人产生的负面影响表示严重关切。迄今为止,关于《贸易保护指令》如何影响消费者的证据还很有限。本研究旨在深入了解消费者如何看待和体验该法规:在2018年3月至2019年3月期间收集的定性数据与参与者对TPD的看法有关,这些数据是从160份电子烟消费者访谈/扩展调查中提取的,是更广泛的电子烟使用轨迹研究(ECtra研究)的一部分。对数据进行了主题分析:结果:消费者对贸易政策文件的认识并不普遍。参与者的吸烟行为似乎并未受到该法规的影响。生产法规和成分标签要求让参与者感到放心。参与者对被认为会造成不便和额外塑料垃圾的变化反应消极。产品限制促使一些参与者非法购买不符合要求的产品,可能会危及他们的安全:电子烟监管应侧重于确保产品安全。提高消费者和吸烟者对《贸易政策指令》的认识可能会有所裨益。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiological Data From the COVID-19 Outbreak in Spain for the Promotion of Tobacco Smoking Cessation Policies. 西班牙COVID-19疫情流行病学数据促进戒烟政策
IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2020-05-08 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X20924028
Javier Correa Vázquez, Diego Redolar-Ripoll
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引用次数: 12
Results of a Single Arm Pilot Study of a Mobile Messaging Intervention for Hookah Tobacco Cessation in Young Adults. 一项单臂试点研究的结果,移动短信干预水烟戒烟的年轻人。
IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2020-04-30 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X20915200
Darren Mays, Lilianna Phan, Andrea C Johnson, Kenneth P Tercyak, Kylie Snow, George Luta, Kathryn Rehberg, Isaac Lipkus

Background: Hookah tobacco use is common among young adults. Unlike cigarette smoking, there is limited evidence on mobile (ie, mHealth) interventions to promote cessation.

Objectives: This pilot study tested the preliminary effects of mobile messaging for cessation in young adult hookah smokers.

Methods: Young adults (N = 20) aged 18 to 30 years who smoke hookah at least monthly and have done so at least once in the past 30 days received a 6-week mHealth multimedia messaging (text and images) intervention. Message scheduling (2 days/week × 6 weeks) was based on the literature. Content was developed iteratively by the study team and focused on health harms and addictiveness of hookah. Content was individually tailored by baseline hookah use frequency, risk beliefs, and responses to interactive text messages assessing participants' hookah tobacco use behavior and beliefs to maximize impact. Engagement was assessed during the intervention, and we examined effects on risk perceptions, risk beliefs, and risk appraisals, motivation to quit, and behavior change immediately post-intervention.

Results: Participants responded to 11.5 (SD = 0.69) of 12 text message prompts on average, endorsed high message receptivity (M = 6.1, SD = 0.93, range = 1-7), and reported the messages were helpful (M = 8.5, SD = 1.5, range = 1-10). There were significant (P < .05) increases in risk perceptions (d's = 0.22-0.88), risk appraisals (d = 0.49), risk beliefs (d = 1.11), and motivation to quit (d = 0.97) post-intervention. Half of participants reported reducing frequency of hookah use (20%) or quitting completely (30%) by end of treatment.

Conclusions: These pilot results provide preliminary support for an mHealth messaging intervention about risks of hookah tobacco for promoting cessation. Rigorously examining the efficacy of this promising intervention is warranted.

背景:水烟烟草的使用在年轻人中很常见。与吸烟不同,移动(即移动健康)干预措施促进戒烟的证据有限。目的:这项初步研究测试了手机短信对年轻成年水烟吸烟者戒烟的初步影响。方法:年龄在18至30岁之间、每月至少抽一次水烟且在过去30天内至少抽一次水烟的年轻人(N = 20)接受了为期6周的移动健康多媒体消息(文本和图像)干预。消息调度(2天/周× 6周)基于文献。研究小组反复开发内容,重点关注水烟的健康危害和成瘾性。内容根据基线水烟使用频率、风险信念和对交互式短信的回应进行个性化定制,评估参与者的水烟烟草使用行为和信念,以最大限度地发挥影响。在干预期间评估了参与程度,我们检查了对风险感知、风险信念、风险评估、戒烟动机和干预后立即行为改变的影响。结果:参与者平均对12条短信提示中的11.5条(SD = 0.69)做出了回应,认为短信的可接受性较高(M = 6.1, SD = 0.93,范围= 1-7),并认为短信是有帮助的(M = 8.5, SD = 1.5,范围= 1-10)。结论:这些试点结果为移动健康信息干预水烟烟草促进戒烟的风险提供了初步支持。严格检查这种有希望的干预措施的有效性是有必要的。
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引用次数: 3
Associations Between Risk Perceptions and Cigarette, E-cigarette, and Dual-Product Use Among Canadian Adolescents. 加拿大青少年风险认知与香烟、电子烟和双重产品使用之间的关系
IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2020-03-04 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X20903784
Lauren C Manzione, Lingpeng Shan, Sunday Azagba

Introduction: The popularity of e-cigarettes has increased significantly in recent years. E-cigarettes are perceived as less harmful than cigarettes, and both dual-use of cigarette and e-cigarette use is common among adolescents. This study assessed cigarette and e-cigarette risk perception and associations with dual-product use among Canadian adolescents.

Methods: We used data from the 2016-2017 Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol, and Drugs Survey. Perceived risks of cigarette and e-cigarette use were classified into 4 categories: "high-risk perception," "high-e-cigarette-risk and low-cigarette-risk perception," "low-e-cigarette-risk and high-cigarette-risk perception," and "low-risk perception." Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were estimated from multinomial logistic regression.

Results: Of the population, 92% perceived high risk from cigarettes, and 65% from e-cigarettes. Compared to students with low-risk perception, those with high-risk perception of both products had lower odds of dual-use (aOR: 0.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15, 0.28), cigarette-only use (aOR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.45), and e-cigarette-only use (aOR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.79) relative to nonusers. Adolescents with high-e-cigarette and low-cigarette-risk perception had higher odds of e-cigarette-only use, relative to nonusers. Those with high-risk perception were more likely to be e-cigarette-only users relative to cigarette-only users.

Conclusion: Results highlight that high perceived risk is associated with lower odds of use. However, those with a high-risk perception of both products had higher odds of e-cigarette use relative to cigarette-only users; as did those with high-e-cigarette and low-cigarette-risk perception, relative to nonusers. Future research should assess ways of communicating the risks of adolescent tobacco use.

引言:近年来,电子烟的普及程度显著提高。人们认为电子烟的危害比香烟小,在青少年中,香烟和电子烟的双重使用很常见。本研究评估了加拿大青少年对香烟和电子烟的风险认知及其与双重产品使用的关联。方法:我们使用了2016-2017年加拿大学生烟草、酒精和药物调查的数据。香烟和电子烟使用的感知风险分为4类:“高风险感知”、“高电子烟风险和低电子烟风险感知”、“低电子烟风险和高电子烟风险感知”和“低风险感知”。校正优势比(aOR)由多项逻辑回归估计。结果:在人群中,92%的人认为香烟有高风险,65%的人认为电子烟有高风险。与低风险认知的学生相比,对两种产品都有高风险认知的学生两用的几率更低(aOR: 0.21;95%可信区间[CI]: 0.15, 0.28),仅吸烟(aOR: 0.33;95% CI: 0.25, 0.45)和只使用电子烟(aOR: 0.64;95% CI: 0.51, 0.79)。与不使用电子烟的人相比,拥有高电子烟风险和低卷烟风险认知的青少年只使用电子烟的几率更高。与只吸香烟的人相比,那些有高风险认知的人更有可能成为只吸电子烟的人。结论:结果表明,高感知风险与低使用几率相关。然而,与只吸香烟的人相比,对这两种产品都有高风险认知的人使用电子烟的几率更高;与不使用电子烟的人相比,那些高电子烟风险和低电子烟风险认知的人也是如此。未来的研究应评估青少年烟草使用风险的宣传方式。
{"title":"Associations Between Risk Perceptions and Cigarette, E-cigarette, and Dual-Product Use Among Canadian Adolescents.","authors":"Lauren C Manzione,&nbsp;Lingpeng Shan,&nbsp;Sunday Azagba","doi":"10.1177/1179173X20903784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173X20903784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The popularity of e-cigarettes has increased significantly in recent years. E-cigarettes are perceived as less harmful than cigarettes, and both dual-use of cigarette and e-cigarette use is common among adolescents. This study assessed cigarette and e-cigarette risk perception and associations with dual-product use among Canadian adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the 2016-2017 Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol, and Drugs Survey. Perceived risks of cigarette and e-cigarette use were classified into 4 categories: \"high-risk perception,\" \"high-e-cigarette-risk and low-cigarette-risk perception,\" \"low-e-cigarette-risk and high-cigarette-risk perception,\" and \"low-risk perception.\" Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were estimated from multinomial logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the population, 92% perceived high risk from cigarettes, and 65% from e-cigarettes. Compared to students with low-risk perception, those with high-risk perception of both products had lower odds of dual-use (aOR: 0.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15, 0.28), cigarette-only use (aOR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.45), and e-cigarette-only use (aOR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.79) relative to nonusers. Adolescents with high-e-cigarette and low-cigarette-risk perception had higher odds of e-cigarette-only use, relative to nonusers. Those with high-risk perception were more likely to be e-cigarette-only users relative to cigarette-only users.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results highlight that high perceived risk is associated with lower odds of use. However, those with a high-risk perception of both products had higher odds of e-cigarette use relative to cigarette-only users; as did those with high-e-cigarette and low-cigarette-risk perception, relative to nonusers. Future research should assess ways of communicating the risks of adolescent tobacco use.</p>","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":"13 ","pages":"1179173X20903784"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179173X20903784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37744991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Examining Arrest and Cigarette Smoking in Emerging Adulthood. 研究成年初期的吸烟和逮捕。
IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2020-02-06 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X20904350
Connie Hassett-Walker, Mark Shadden

Background: Despite prior studies, transitions in smoking patterns are not fully understood. Getting arrested may alter an individual's smoking pattern through processes proscribed by the criminological labeling theory. This study examined how arrest during emerging adulthood altered smoking behavior during subsequent years and whether there were differential effects by race/ethnicity and gender.

Methods: We analyzed 15 waves of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997. Multinomial logistic regressions were performed using Stata software version 14.

Results: For both genders, arrested black men and women had the most distinct smoking transitions (both increases and decreases) as compared with their non-arrested counterparts. Among men, particularly black males, arrest in early adulthood was associated with the men transitioning to both increased and decreased smoking. Patterns in smoking transitions for women were less clear, suggesting that women's smoking may be influenced by factors not in the models. Women had a low probability of starting to smoke or increasing smoking if they were never arrested between 18 and 21 years of age.

Conclusions: The results for transitioning into increased smoking offer some support for labeling theory processes. Other findings suggest that arrest may lead to some men reducing or quitting smoking. Early adulthood arrest may serve to "shock the system" and contribute to males altering their prior smoking behavior.

Implications: Tobacco use over the life course, particularly across different racial and ethnic groups, remains understudied. This study contributes to the literature using a nationally representative sample to examine the effect of getting arrested in emerging adulthood on cigarette use during subsequent years. In conducting the study, investigators combined theories and methodological approaches from 2 complementary disciplines: public health and criminal justice. Because criminal justice policymakers tend to focus on issues like ex-offender unemployment, public health officials can provide guidance regarding the effect of justice system involvement on smoking, particularly given the adverse health outcomes of using cigarettes.

背景:尽管有先前的研究,吸烟模式的转变并没有被完全理解。被捕可能会通过犯罪学标签理论所禁止的过程改变一个人的吸烟模式。这项研究调查了在成年初期停止吸烟如何改变随后几年的吸烟行为,以及种族/民族和性别是否有不同的影响。方法:我们分析了1997年全国青年纵向调查的15波数据。采用Stata软件版本14进行多项逻辑回归。结果:无论男女,与未被捕的黑人相比,被捕的黑人男性和女性都有最明显的吸烟转变(增加和减少)。在男性中,尤其是黑人男性,在成年早期被捕与男性吸烟量的增加和减少有关。女性吸烟转变的模式不太清楚,这表明女性吸烟可能受到模型中没有的因素的影响。如果女性在18岁到21岁之间从未被逮捕过,那么她们开始吸烟或增加吸烟的可能性很低。结论:过渡到吸烟增加的结果为标签理论过程提供了一些支持。其他研究结果表明,逮捕可能会导致一些男性减少或戒烟。成年早期停止吸烟可能会“震动系统”,并有助于男性改变他们以前的吸烟行为。影响:生命过程中的烟草使用,特别是不同种族和民族群体的烟草使用,仍未得到充分研究。本研究利用具有全国代表性的样本来研究在成年初期被捕对随后几年吸烟的影响,为文献做出了贡献。在进行这项研究时,调查人员结合了两个互补学科的理论和方法方法:公共卫生和刑事司法。由于刑事司法政策制定者倾向于关注前罪犯失业等问题,公共卫生官员可以就司法系统介入对吸烟的影响提供指导,特别是考虑到吸烟对健康的不良影响。
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引用次数: 2
Smokeless Tobacco Use, Cigarette Smoking, and Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancers: A Case-Control Study in the Batna Region, Algeria, 2008-2011. 无烟烟草使用、吸烟与上消化道癌症:2008-2011年阿尔及利亚巴特纳地区病例对照研究》。
IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2020-02-05 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X20902239
Messaouda Oudjehih, Isabelle Deltour, Mohamed Larbi Bouhidel, Atika Bouhidel, Abdelwahab Marref, Véronique Luzon, Joachim Schüz, Hocine Bouneceur, Maria E Leon

Background: A significant proportion of the Algerian population uses tobacco products and is at risk of developing tobacco-associated cancers.

Aims: This case-control study reports on the association between tobacco use and the occurrence of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers in Batna, Algeria.

Methods: Incident primary UADT cancer cases in residents of Batna in 2008-2011 were identified using the regional tumor registry. One hospital and 1 population control were matched to each case by sex, year of birth, and residence. Information on tobacco use was collected, and odds ratios (ORs) were obtained using conditional logistic regression also after sex stratification.

Results: The study included 192 cases (80%) of the 241 primary UADT cancer cases identified and 384 controls. Males represented 76.6% of cancer cases. Cancers of the nasopharynx (48%) and the larynx (26%) were the most common types. Ever use of smokeless tobacco (ST) (OR = 1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6-1.5) or current ST use (OR = 1.1; 95% CI: 0.6-1.7) was not associated with overall risk of UADT cancers. Associations with cancers of the nasopharynx (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 0.5-4.6) and oral cavity/oropharynx (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 0.8-11.8) were found when comparing use of ST only to no consumption of any tobacco. Cigarette smoking was associated with an increase in the overall risk of UADT cancers, with a 3-fold increase in the risk of laryngeal cancer when comparing smoking only to no consumption of any tobacco (OR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.0-11.5). Associations for smokers who also consumed ST differed by cancer site.

Conclusion: In this study from Algeria dominated by male cases and by cancer in the nasopharynx, cigarette smoking but not ST was associated with UADT cancer. Analyses by anatomical site and using as reference never use of any type of tobacco suggested few associations with ST but of lower precision.

背景:目的:本病例对照研究报告了阿尔及利亚巴特纳(Batna)地区烟草使用与上消化道癌症(UADT)发生之间的关系:方法: 通过地区肿瘤登记处确定了2008-2011年巴特那居民中发生的原发性上消化道癌症病例。根据性别、出生年份和居住地为每个病例匹配了一家医院和一个人口对照。研究收集了烟草使用信息,并在进行性别分层后使用条件逻辑回归法得出了几率比(ORs):研究包括已发现的 241 例原发性 UADT 癌症病例中的 192 例(80%)和 384 例对照者。男性占癌症病例的 76.6%。鼻咽癌(48%)和喉癌(26%)是最常见的癌症类型。曾经使用无烟烟草(ST)(OR = 1.0;95% 置信区间 [CI]:0.6-1.5)或目前使用 ST(OR = 1.1;95% 置信区间 [CI]:0.6-1.7)与罹患 UADT 癌症的总体风险无关。将仅使用 ST 与不使用任何烟草进行比较后发现,两者与鼻咽癌(OR = 1.5;95% CI:0.5-4.6)和口腔/咽癌(OR = 3.0;95% CI:0.8-11.8)有关。吸烟与 UADT 癌症总风险的增加有关,只吸烟与不吸烟相比,喉癌风险增加了 3 倍(OR = 3.3;95% CI:1.0-11.5)。吸烟者同时吸烟与罹患 ST 的关系因罹患癌症的部位而异:在这项以男性病例和鼻咽癌为主的阿尔及利亚研究中,吸烟而非 ST 与 UADT 癌症有关。根据解剖部位并以从未使用过任何烟草作为参照进行的分析表明,吸烟与 ST 的关系不大,但精确度较低。
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引用次数: 0
Predictors of Smoking Cessation in a Lifestyle-Focused Text-Message Support Programme Delivered to People with Coronary Heart Disease: An Analysis From the Tobacco Exercise and Diet Messages (TEXTME) Randomised Clinical Trial. 以生活方式为重点的冠心病患者短信支持项目中戒烟的预测因素:来自烟草运动和饮食信息(TEXTME)随机临床试验的分析
IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2020-01-28 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X20901486
Harry Klimis, Simone Marschner, Amy Von Huben, Aravinda Thiagalingam, Clara K Chow

Background: Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of text message-based prevention programs on smoking cessation, including our recently published TEXTME randomised controlled trial. However, little is known about the predictors of smoking cessation in this context and if other clinically important factors interact with the program to lead to quitting. Hence, the objective of this study was to first assess the predictors of smoking cessation in TEXTME and then determine if the effect of texting on quitting was modified by interactions with important clinical variables. This will allow us to better understand how text messaging works and thus help optimise future text-message based prevention programs.

Methods: This sub-analysis used data collected as part of the TEXTME trial which recruited 710 participants (377 current smokers at baseline) between September 2011 and November 2013 from a large tertiary hospital in Sydney, Australia. Smokers at baseline were analysed at 6 months and grouped into those who quit and those who did not. Univariate analyses were performed to determine associations between the main outcome and clinically important baseline factors selected a priori. A multiple binominal logistic regression analysis was conducted to develop a predictive model for the dependent variable smoking cessation. A test of interaction between the intervention group and baseline variables selected a priori with the outcome smoking cessation was performed.

Results: Univariate analysis identified receiving text-messages, age, and mean number of cigarettes smoked each day as being associated with quitting smoking. After adjusting for age, receiving the text-messaging program (OR 2.34; 95%CI 1.43-3.86; p<0.01) and mean number of cigarettes smoked per day (OR 1.02; 95%CI 1.00-1.04; p=0.03) were independent predictors for smoking cessation. LDL-C showed a significant interaction effect with the intervention (High LDL*Intervention OR 3.77 (95%CI 2.05-6.94); Low LDL*Intervention OR 1.42 (95%CI 0.77-2.60); P=0.03).

Conclusions: Smoking quantity at baseline is independently associated with smoking cessation and higher LDL-C may interact with the intervention to result in quitting smoking. Those who have a higher baseline risk maybe more motivated towards beneficial lifestyle change including quitting smoking, and thus more likely to respond to mHealth smoking cessation programs. The effect of text-messages on smoking cessation was independent of age, gender, psychosocial parameters, education, and baseline control of risk factors in a secondary prevention cohort.

背景:研究已经证明了基于短信的戒烟预防项目的有效性,包括我们最近发表的TEXTME随机对照试验。然而,在这种情况下,人们对戒烟的预测因素知之甚少,也不知道其他重要的临床因素是否与戒烟计划相互作用。因此,本研究的目的是首先评估TEXTME中戒烟的预测因素,然后确定发短信对戒烟的影响是否通过与重要临床变量的相互作用而改变。这将使我们更好地了解短信是如何工作的,从而有助于优化未来基于短信的预防项目。方法:本亚分析使用的数据是作为TEXTME试验的一部分收集的,该试验在2011年9月至2013年11月期间从澳大利亚悉尼的一家大型三级医院招募了710名参与者(377名当前吸烟者为基线)。6个月后,研究人员对基线吸烟者进行了分析,并将其分为戒烟者和未戒烟者。进行单因素分析以确定主要结果与先验选择的临床重要基线因素之间的关联。采用多元二项logistic回归分析,建立因变量戒烟的预测模型。对干预组和基线变量之间的相互作用进行了测试,这些变量与戒烟的结果是先验选择的。结果:单变量分析确定接收短信、年龄和每天平均吸烟数量与戒烟有关。调整年龄后,接收短信程序(OR 2.34;95%可信区间1.43 - -3.86;结论:基线吸烟量与戒烟独立相关,高LDL-C可能与干预相互作用导致戒烟。那些基线风险较高的人可能更有动力改变有益的生活方式,包括戒烟,因此更有可能对移动健康戒烟计划做出反应。在二级预防队列中,短信对戒烟的影响与年龄、性别、社会心理参数、教育程度和危险因素基线控制无关。
{"title":"Predictors of Smoking Cessation in a Lifestyle-Focused Text-Message Support Programme Delivered to People with Coronary Heart Disease: An Analysis From the Tobacco Exercise and Diet Messages (TEXTME) Randomised Clinical Trial.","authors":"Harry Klimis,&nbsp;Simone Marschner,&nbsp;Amy Von Huben,&nbsp;Aravinda Thiagalingam,&nbsp;Clara K Chow","doi":"10.1177/1179173X20901486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173X20901486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of text message-based prevention programs on smoking cessation, including our recently published TEXTME randomised controlled trial. However, little is known about the predictors of smoking cessation in this context and if other clinically important factors interact with the program to lead to quitting. Hence, the objective of this study was to first assess the predictors of smoking cessation in TEXTME and then determine if the effect of texting on quitting was modified by interactions with important clinical variables. This will allow us to better understand how text messaging works and thus help optimise future text-message based prevention programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This sub-analysis used data collected as part of the TEXTME trial which recruited 710 participants (377 current smokers at baseline) between September 2011 and November 2013 from a large tertiary hospital in Sydney, Australia. Smokers at baseline were analysed at 6 months and grouped into those who quit and those who did not. Univariate analyses were performed to determine associations between the main outcome and clinically important baseline factors selected a priori. A multiple binominal logistic regression analysis was conducted to develop a predictive model for the dependent variable smoking cessation. A test of interaction between the intervention group and baseline variables selected a priori with the outcome smoking cessation was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate analysis identified receiving text-messages, age, and mean number of cigarettes smoked each day as being associated with quitting smoking. After adjusting for age, receiving the text-messaging program (OR 2.34; 95%CI 1.43-3.86; p<0.01) and mean number of cigarettes smoked per day (OR 1.02; 95%CI 1.00-1.04; p=0.03) were independent predictors for smoking cessation. LDL-C showed a significant interaction effect with the intervention (High LDL*Intervention OR 3.77 (95%CI 2.05-6.94); Low LDL*Intervention OR 1.42 (95%CI 0.77-2.60); P=0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking quantity at baseline is independently associated with smoking cessation and higher LDL-C may interact with the intervention to result in quitting smoking. Those who have a higher baseline risk maybe more motivated towards beneficial lifestyle change including quitting smoking, and thus more likely to respond to mHealth smoking cessation programs. The effect of text-messages on smoking cessation was independent of age, gender, psychosocial parameters, education, and baseline control of risk factors in a secondary prevention cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":"13 ","pages":"1179173X20901486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179173X20901486","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37648336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Sex Differences in Use of Smoking Cessation Services and Resources: A Real-World Study. 使用戒烟服务和资源的性别差异:一项真实世界的研究。
IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2020-01-22 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X20901500
Navitha Jayakumar, Michael Chaiton, Bo Zhang, Peter Selby, Robert Schwartz

Objectives: Smoking cessation interventions with sex considerations have been found to effectively increase cessation rates. However, evidence is limited and weak. This study examined sex differences in the use of smoking cessation services or resources among Ontario adults.

Methods: Data are from the Smokers' Panel, an ongoing online survey of Ontario adult smokers and recent quitters. The analysis included 1009 male and 1765 female participants. Bivariate analysis was used to examine differences in sociodemographic characteristics and smoking-related variables by use of cessation services/resources. Logistic regression was then used to identify sociodemographic characteristics and smoking-related variables associated with the use of cessation services/resources.

Results: The analysis shows that there were significant sex differences in the use of individual interventions. Female participants were more likely to use nicotine patch (63% vs 58%; adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16-1.67), varenicline (29% vs 24%; AOR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.13-1.66), Smokers' Helpline phone (14% vs 10%; AOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07-1.79), Smokers' Helpline online (27% vs 21%; AOR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.18-1.74), self-help materials (23% vs 16%; AOR: 1.81 95% CI: 1.46-2.26), and alternative methods (23% vs 19%; AOR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.14-1.73) compared with male participants, after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusion: Consistent with other findings, the study shows sex differences in the use of smoking cessation services or resources among adult smokers. Women are more likely to use recommended cessation resources such as nicotine patch, varenicline, and Smokers' Helpline than men. Health professionals should use this increased willingness to help female smokers quit. However, men may be underserved and more men-specific interventions need to be developed and evaluated.

目的:研究发现,考虑性别因素的戒烟干预措施可有效提高戒烟率。然而,证据是有限和薄弱的。这项研究调查了安大略省成年人在使用戒烟服务或资源方面的性别差异。方法:数据来自吸烟者小组,这是一项正在进行的安大略省成年吸烟者和最近戒烟者的在线调查。该分析包括1009名男性和1765名女性参与者。双变量分析用于通过使用戒烟服务/资源来检查社会人口学特征和吸烟相关变量的差异。然后使用逻辑回归来确定与使用戒烟服务/资源相关的社会人口学特征和吸烟相关变量。结果:分析表明,个体干预的使用存在显著的性别差异。女性参与者更倾向于使用尼古丁贴片(63% vs 58%;调整优势比,AOR: 1.39, 95%可信区间[CI]: 1.16-1.67),伐尼克兰(29% vs 24%;AOR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.13-1.66),吸烟者热线电话(14%对10%;AOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07-1.79),吸烟者在线帮助热线(27% vs 21%;AOR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.18-1.74),自助材料(23% vs 16%;AOR: 1.81 95% CI: 1.46-2.26)和替代方法(23% vs 19%;校正协变量后,AOR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.14-1.73)。结论:与其他研究结果一致,该研究显示了成年吸烟者在使用戒烟服务或资源方面的性别差异。女性比男性更有可能使用推荐的戒烟资源,如尼古丁贴片、伐尼克兰和吸烟者帮助热线。卫生专业人员应该利用这种增加的意愿来帮助女性吸烟者戒烟。然而,男性可能得不到充分的服务,需要制定和评估更多针对男性的干预措施。
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引用次数: 8
Multimodal Smoking Cessation in a Real-Life Setting: Combining Motivational Interviewing With Official Therapy and Reduced Risk Products. 现实生活中的多模式戒烟:将动机访谈、官方疗法和降低风险产品结合起来。
IF 2.1 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2019-10-06 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X19878435
Pasquale Caponnetto, Jennifer DiPiazza, Giorgio Carlo Cappello, Shirin Demma, Marilena Maglia, Riccardo Polosa

Background: Tobacco use is a global pandemic, affecting an estimated 1.2 billion people and resulting in substantial health burdens and associated costs.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the efficacy of several treatments for smoking cessation in a real-life setting and to evaluate predictors of smoking abstinence.

Methods: This research was designed with a sample of 593 cases recorded over the period between 2015 and 2016. Six treatment groups were included: (1) bupropion and motivational interviewing (MI); (2) bupropion, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), and MI; (3) NRT and MI; (4) varenicline and MI; (5) personal vaporizer electronic cigarette and MI; and (6) electronic cigarette, cigarette like "cigalike," and MI.

Results: Results support the efficacy of all treatment groups when used in a real-life setting. The predictors of smoking abstinence were sex, partner smoking status, previous quit attempts, daily consumption, self-efficacy, and level of nicotine dependence.

Conclusions: The use of different therapeutic strategies in clinical practice, including pharmacotherapy and nonstandard electronic nicotine delivery systems, such as an electronic cigarette, ensures a greater chance of cessation success and the possibility of tailoring interventions according to patients' resources.

背景:烟草使用是一种全球性流行病,影响着约 12 亿人,造成了巨大的健康负担和相关成本:烟草使用是一种全球性流行病,估计影响了 12 亿人,造成了巨大的健康负担和相关成本:本研究旨在估算几种戒烟疗法在现实生活中的疗效,并评估戒烟的预测因素:本研究以2015年至2016年期间记录的593个病例为样本。包括六个治疗组:(1) 安非他酮和动机访谈(MI);(2) 安非他酮、尼古丁替代疗法(NRT)和MI;(3) NRT和MI;(4) 伐伦克林和MI;(5) 个人蒸发器电子烟和MI;(6) 电子烟、类似 "雪茄 "的香烟和MI:结果:结果表明,所有治疗组在实际生活中均有疗效。戒烟的预测因素包括性别、伴侣吸烟状况、以前的戒烟尝试、每日吸烟量、自我效能感和尼古丁依赖程度:在临床实践中使用不同的治疗策略,包括药物治疗和非标准的电子尼古丁输送系统(如电子香烟),可确保戒烟成功的几率更大,并有可能根据患者的资源情况采取针对性的干预措施。
{"title":"Multimodal Smoking Cessation in a Real-Life Setting: Combining Motivational Interviewing With Official Therapy and Reduced Risk Products.","authors":"Pasquale Caponnetto, Jennifer DiPiazza, Giorgio Carlo Cappello, Shirin Demma, Marilena Maglia, Riccardo Polosa","doi":"10.1177/1179173X19878435","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179173X19878435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tobacco use is a global pandemic, affecting an estimated 1.2 billion people and resulting in substantial health burdens and associated costs.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to estimate the efficacy of several treatments for smoking cessation in a real-life setting and to evaluate predictors of smoking abstinence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research was designed with a sample of 593 cases recorded over the period between 2015 and 2016. Six treatment groups were included: (1) bupropion and motivational interviewing (MI); (2) bupropion, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), and MI; (3) NRT and MI; (4) varenicline and MI; (5) personal vaporizer electronic cigarette and MI; and (6) electronic cigarette, cigarette like \"cigalike,\" and MI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results support the efficacy of all treatment groups when used in a real-life setting. The predictors of smoking abstinence were sex, partner smoking status, previous quit attempts, daily consumption, self-efficacy, and level of nicotine dependence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of different therapeutic strategies in clinical practice, including pharmacotherapy and nonstandard electronic nicotine delivery systems, such as an electronic cigarette, ensures a greater chance of cessation success and the possibility of tailoring interventions according to patients' resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":"12 1","pages":"1179173X19878435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6783661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65350003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Tobacco Use Insights
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