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Tobacco Use Among People Incarcerated in Western Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 西欧被监禁者的烟草使用情况：系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Use Insights

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221096641

Damilola Sophia Alokan, Z. Kabir

Background Evidence suggests that the prevalence of tobacco use has declined significantly in the general population but still remains high among people incarcerated in high-income countries. Tobacco use is the second leading risk factor of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The objective of this study is to synthesize evidence on the prevalence of smoking among people incarcerated in Western European countries. Methods We searched the PubMed database for articles published between June 2010 and June 2020, website of international organizations and hand-searching references. One author reviewed studies that met pre-defined inclusion criteria, and this was cross-validated by a second reviewer, following the MOOSE guidelines. The Meta prop command of Stata (V16) was used for pooling smoking prevalence estimates. Random effects modelling, heterogeneity with subgroup analysis and publication bias was assessed. Results Out the 236 identified articles, 25 with full texts were eligible, and 16 were finally included in this study. The overall pooled estimate of smoking prevalence was 72.3%, 95% CI (54.8–84.7), and high heterogeneity (I2 = 99.73%). Females had a pooled prevalence 44.1% (95% CI 9.4–82.6) while males 83.3% (95% CI 72.0–92.1). The total number of prisoners combined in this study was 16,435 (ranging from 31-21,451) with age ranging from 24-43 years. Conclusion A relatively high smoking rate was observed among incarcerated people - higher among the male population. The study findings are useful for informing policy-makers of the existing burden of smoking in special vulnerable populations across Western Europe-and the need for comprehensive tobacco control policies in different population settings.

背景证据表明，烟草使用率在普通人群中显著下降，但在高收入国家被监禁的人群中仍然很高。吸烟是全世界死亡率和发病率的第二大危险因素。这项研究的目的是综合西欧国家被监禁者吸烟率的证据。方法检索PubMed数据库中2010年6月至2020年6月发表的文章、国际组织网站和手查参考文献。一位作者审查了符合预定义纳入标准的研究，第二位审查者根据MOOSE指南对其进行了交叉验证。Stata（V16）的Meta-prop命令用于合并吸烟流行率估计。随机效应建模、亚组分析的异质性和发表偏倚进行了评估。结果在236篇已确定的文章中，25篇全文符合条件，16篇最终纳入本研究。吸烟患病率的总体汇总估计值为72.3%，95%CI（54.8-84.7）和高度异质性（I2=99.73%）。女性的汇总患病率为44.1%（95%CI 9.4-82.6），而男性为83.3%（95%CI 72.0-92.1）。本研究中的囚犯总数为16435人（31-21451人），年龄在24-43岁之间。结论被监禁者吸烟率较高，男性吸烟率较高。研究结果有助于让决策者了解西欧特殊弱势人群的现有吸烟负担，以及在不同人群环境中制定全面烟草控制政策的必要性。

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引用次数: 2

The Longitudinal Impact of Seeing and Posting Tobacco-related Social Media on Tobacco Use Behaviors Among Youth (Aged 12-17): Findings From the 2014-2016 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. 观看和发布与烟草相关的社交媒体对青少年(12-17岁)烟草使用行为的纵向影响:2014-2016年烟草与健康人口评估(PATH)研究的结果

IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Use Insights

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221087554

Adriana Pérez, Charles E Spells, Meagan A Bluestein, Melissa B Harrell, Emily T Hébert

Introduction: This study examined the impact of seeing and posting tobacco-related content on social media on tobacco use outcomes in youth.

Methods: Longitudinal secondary analyses of youth in the nationally representative 2014-2015 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study were conducted to examine the association between the interaction of (i) seeing and (ii) posting tobacco-related social media content with previous ever use of each tobacco product, and 3 outcomes in 2015-2016: past 30-day e-cigarette use, past 30-day combustible product use, and past 30-day dual use of e-cigarettes and at least one combustible product. Six weighted multiple logistic regression models (2 interaction exposures*3 outcomes) were used to assess these associations, while adjusting for covariates.

Results: Among youth never users in 2014-2015, seeing tobacco-related social media content was significantly associated with past 30-day e-cigarette use (AOR 1.92; 95% CI= 1.36-2.71), and past 30-day dual use of e-cigarettes and at least one combustible product (AOR= 2.11; 95% CI= 1.08- 4.13) in 2015-2016. Among youth ever users in 2014-2015, posting tobacco-related content on social media was significantly associated with all 3 outcomes: past 30-day day e-cigarette use (AOR= 2.09;95%CI=1.23-3.55), past 30-day combustible product use (AOR=2.86; 95%CI=1.67-4.88), and past 30-day dual use of these products (AOR=3.02;95%CI=1.45-6.31), after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusions: Seeing and posting tobacco-related content on social media predicts tobacco use among youth, nationwide. Results suggest that interventions and policies prohibiting tobacco-related content on social media are needed to curb the impact of social media on youth tobacco-use.

引言:本研究调查了在社交媒体上观看和发布烟草相关内容对青少年烟草使用结果的影响。方法:在具有全国代表性的2014-2015年烟草与健康人口评估(PATH)研究中对青少年进行纵向二次分析，以检验(i)观看和(ii)发布与烟草相关的社交媒体内容与以前使用过每种烟草产品之间的相互作用与2015-2016年的3个结果之间的关联:过去30天使用电子烟，过去30天使用可燃产品，以及过去30天双重使用电子烟和至少一种可燃产品。在调整协变量的同时，使用6个加权多元逻辑回归模型(2个相互作用暴露*3个结果)来评估这些关联。结果:在2014-2015年从未使用过电子烟的青少年中，看到与烟草相关的社交媒体内容与过去30天的电子烟使用显著相关(AOR 1.92;95% CI= 1.36-2.71)，以及30天以上双重使用电子烟和至少一种可燃产品(AOR= 2.11;95% CI= 1.08- 4.13)。在2014-2015年的年轻用户中，在社交媒体上发布与烟草相关的内容与所有3个结果显著相关:过去30天的电子烟使用(AOR= 2.09;95%CI=1.23-3.55)，过去30天的可燃产品使用(AOR=2.86;95%CI=1.67-4.88)，以及30天以上双重使用这些产品(AOR=3.02;95%CI=1.45-6.31)，调整协变量后。结论:在社交媒体上看到和发布与烟草相关的内容可以预测全国青少年的烟草使用情况。结果表明，需要采取干预措施和政策，禁止社交媒体上的烟草相关内容，以遏制社交媒体对青少年烟草使用的影响。

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引用次数: 2

The Association of Electronic Cigarette Use With SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Disease Severity 电子烟使用与SARS-CoV-2感染和新冠肺炎疾病严重程度的关系

IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Use Insights

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x221096638

A. Burnett-Hartman, Shauna Goldberg Scott, J. D. Powers, Morgan N Clennin, J. Lyons, M. Gray, H. Feigelson

BACKGROUND Although combustible cigarette use is an established risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease, there is conflicting evidence for the association of electronic cigarette use with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity. METHODS Study participants were from the Kaiser Permanente Research Bank (KPRB), a biorepository that includes adult Kaiser Permanente members from across the United States. Starting in April 2020, electronic surveys were sent to KPRB members to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. These surveys collected information on self-report of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-related risk factors, including electronic cigarette and combustible cigarette smoking history. We also used electronic health records data to assess COVID-19 diagnoses, positive PCR lab tests, hospitalizations, and death. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection between individuals by e-cigarette use categories (never, former, and current). Among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection, we used multivariable logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs comparing the odds of hospitalization or death within 30 days of infection between individuals by e-cigarette use categories. RESULTS There were 126,475 individuals who responded to the survey and completed questions on e-cigarette and combustible cigarette use (48% response rate). Among survey respondents, 819 (1%) currently used e-cigarettes, 3,691 (3%) formerly used e-cigarettes, and 121,965 (96%) had never used e-cigarettes. After adjustment for demographic, behavioral, and clinical factors, there was no association with SARS-CoV-2 infection and former e-cigarette use (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.99; CI: 0.83–1.18) or current e-cigarette use (HR = 1.08; CI: 0.76–1.52). Among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection, there was no association with hospitalization or death within 30 days of infection and former e-cigarette use (odds ratio (OR) = 1.19; CI: 0.59–2.43) or current e-cigarette use (OR = 1.02; CI: 0.22–4.74). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that e-cigarette use is not associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19 illness.

背景尽管可燃香烟的使用是严重新冠肺炎疾病的一个既定风险因素，但有相互矛盾的证据表明电子香烟的使用与SARS-CoV-2感染和新冠肺炎疾病严重程度有关。方法研究参与者来自Kaiser Permanente研究银行（KPRB），这是一家生物库，包括来自美国各地的Kaiser Perminente成年成员。从2020年4月开始，向KPRB成员发送了电子调查，以评估新冠肺炎大流行的影响。这些调查收集了关于严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染的自我报告和新冠肺炎相关风险因素的信息，包括电子烟和可燃烟吸烟史。我们还使用电子健康记录数据评估新冠肺炎诊断、PCR实验室检测阳性、住院和死亡。我们使用多变量Cox比例风险回归来计算调整后的风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI），根据电子烟使用类别（从未、以前和现在）比较个体之间感染严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型的风险。在严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染者中，我们使用多变量逻辑回归来估计调整后的比值比（or）和95%置信区间，根据电子烟使用类别比较感染后30天内的住院或死亡几率。结果共有126475人回答了调查，并完成了关于电子烟和可燃香烟使用的问题（48%的回答率）。在调查对象中，819人（1%）目前使用电子烟，3691人（3%）以前使用过电子烟，121965人（96%）从未使用过电子香烟。在对人口统计学、行为学和临床因素进行调整后，与严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染和以前使用电子烟无关（危险比（HR）=0.99；CI:0.83-1.18）或当前使用电子烟（HR=1.08；CI:0.76-1.52）。在严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染者中，与感染后30天内的住院或死亡以及以前使用电子烟无关（比值比（or）=1.19；CI:0.59–2.43）或当前使用电子烟（or=1.02；CI:0.22–4.74）。结论我们的研究结果表明，使用电子烟与SARS-CoV-2感染或严重新冠肺炎疾病的风险增加无关。

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引用次数: 6

Cigarette Prices and Smoking Experimentation in Sierra Leone: An Exploratory Study 塞拉利昂卷烟价格与吸烟实验:一项探索性研究

IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Use Insights

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221078189

M. Boachie, M. Immurana, J. Agyemang, H. Ross

This study examines the effect of cigarette prices on the likelihood of experimental smoking among adolescents in Sierra Leone. The study links data from the 2017 Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) to price data covering 2008–2017 obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO). After employing duration analysis techniques, we find that increases in cigarette prices are associated with a lower probability of smoking experimentation, with an estimated price elasticity of −1.63 (CI: −.24 to −3.02). Other factors affecting an adolescent’s decision to experiment with smoking are parental and friends’ smoking status, gender, exposure to tobacco advertising, and income. We conclude that higher prices, through excise taxation, are important tools for controlling smoking uptake among the youth of Sierra Leone.

本研究探讨香烟价格对塞拉利昂青少年实验性吸烟可能性的影响。该研究将2017年全球青年烟草调查(GYTS)的数据与世界卫生组织(WHO)获得的2008-2017年价格数据联系起来。在使用持续时间分析技术后，我们发现香烟价格的上涨与吸烟实验的较低概率相关，估计价格弹性为- 1.63 (CI: -)。24 ~−3.02)。影响青少年决定尝试吸烟的其他因素包括父母和朋友的吸烟状况、性别、接触烟草广告和收入。我们的结论是，通过消费税提高价格是控制塞拉利昂年轻人吸烟的重要工具。

引用次数: 3

Effects of Abstinence Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectancies of Tobacco Smoking on the Desire to Quit Among Saudi Women: A Cross-Sectional Mediation Analysis 沙特妇女戒瘾自我效能感和吸烟效果预期对戒烟欲望的影响：跨部门中介分析

IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Use Insights

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221075581

Abdullah M M Alanazi, Shahad F Almutairi, Alanoud A Alsarami, Fay J Alanazi, Lama Alqahtani, Tareq Alotaibi, Saleh S Algarni, Sarah S Monshi, T. Ismaeil

Background Smoking is one of the major preventable causes of morbidity and mortality and has been associated with numerous illnesses. While smoking is increasing among Saudi women, the characteristics of smoking behavior related to abstinence self-efficacy, which is a belief regarding one’s ability to successfully resist performing a behavior, and outcome expectancies, meaning the anticipated consequences of performing a behavior, are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to test whether abstinence self-efficacy mediated the relationship between tobacco smoking outcome expectancies and the desire to quit tobacco among Saudi women who smoke. Methods This cross-sectional study collected a sample of 211 Saudi women who smoked tobacco, including cigarettes and shisha. A self-administered questionnaire was used to examine several variables, including abstinence self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and desire to quit tobacco smoking. Mediational path analysis was used to answer the research question. Indirect effects were estimated through a bootstrapping of 10,000. Results All 4 constructs of outcome expectancies (negative consequences, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and appetite/weight control) were associated with lower abstinence self-efficacy and desire to quit tobacco smoking. In the mediation analysis, the indirect effect of negative consequences (standardized beta = −.013, SE = .008, 95% CI [−.030, −.001]), negative reinforcement (standardized beta = −.012, SE = .006, 95% CI [−.025, −.001]), and appetite/weight control (standardized beta = −.008, SE = .006, 95% CI [−.022, −.001]) through abstinence self-efficacy were significant, suggesting mediation in the relationship between outcome expectancies and desire to quit tobacco smoking. Conclusion Cognitive mechanisms that may explain the desire to quit tobacco smoking among Saudi women were identified. Although future longitudinal studies are required to determine relationships prospectively, targeted interventions that correct tobacco smoking outcome expectancies and boost abstinence self-efficacy skills may reduce tobacco smoking among Saudi women.

吸烟是导致发病和死亡的主要可预防原因之一，并与许多疾病有关。虽然吸烟在沙特女性中越来越多，但吸烟行为的特征与戒烟自我效能有关，这是一种关于一个人成功抵制某种行为的能力的信念，以及结果预期，即执行某种行为的预期后果，是未知的。因此，本研究旨在检验戒烟自我效能感是否在吸烟沙特女性吸烟结果预期与戒烟愿望之间起中介作用。方法本横断面研究收集了211名吸烟的沙特妇女，包括香烟和水烟。一份自我管理的问卷被用来检查几个变量，包括戒烟自我效能、结果预期和戒烟的愿望。采用中介通径分析来回答研究问题。间接影响是通过自举10000来估计的。结果结果预期的所有4个构念(消极后果、积极强化、消极强化和食欲/体重控制)均与较低的戒烟自我效能感和戒烟愿望相关。在中介分析中，负面后果的间接影响(标准化beta =−。013, se = 0.008, 95% ci[−。030，−.001])，负强化(标准化β =−。012, se = 0.006, 95% ci[−。025，−.001])，以及食欲/体重控制(标准化β =−。008, se = .006, 95% ci[−。[022，−.001])通过戒烟自我效能感显著，提示结果预期与戒烟愿望之间存在中介关系。结论认知机制可能解释了沙特妇女戒烟的愿望。虽然未来的纵向研究需要确定前瞻性的关系，有针对性的干预措施，纠正吸烟的结果预期和提高戒烟自我效能技能可能会减少沙特妇女吸烟。

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引用次数: 4

A New Ingenious Enemy: Heat-Not-Burn Products 一个新的巧妙的敌人:加热不燃烧产品

IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Use Insights

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221076419

Samuel C J Kim, T. Friedman

While cigarette smoking is still a major source of morbidity and mortality, e-cigarette usage is skyrocketing, and the tobacco industry is finding new ways to market nicotine. With updated published research highlighting the dangers of cigarette smoking and now vaping, the industry has been developing new techniques and devices that circumvent this research to hook users on tobacco and nicotine. The FDA allowed Philip Morris International (PMI) to sell their heat not burn tobacco products known as iQOS in 2019. By 2019, 49 countries had permitted the sale of iQOS. This commentary summarizes the recent research on heat not burn cigarettes, also known as heated tobacco products and their effects on public policy. We urge policy makers to consider the research published regarding these new products and prevent the widespread use of these products that will harm public health.

尽管吸烟仍然是发病率和死亡率的主要来源，但电子烟的使用量正在飙升，烟草行业正在寻找新的尼古丁营销方式。随着最新发表的研究强调了吸烟和现在电子烟的危险，该行业一直在开发新的技术和设备，以绕过这项研究，吸引用户使用烟草和尼古丁。2019年，美国食品药品监督管理局允许菲利普莫里斯国际公司（PMI）销售其名为iQOS的热不燃烟草产品。截至2019年，已有49个国家允许销售iQOS。这篇评论总结了最近关于热不燃香烟（也称为加热烟草产品）及其对公共政策的影响的研究。我们敦促政策制定者考虑发表的关于这些新产品的研究，并防止这些产品的广泛使用，这将损害公众健康。

引用次数: 4

Promotion of Smoking Cessation Using the Transtheoretical Model: Short-Term and Long-Term Effectiveness for Workers in Coastal Central Taiwan. 运用跨理论模型促进台湾中部沿海劳工戒烟之短期与长期效果。

IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Use Insights

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221104410

Ming-Feng Tseng, Chia-Chen Huang, Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai, Ming-Daw Tsay, Yu-Kang Chang, Chun-Lin Juan, Fang-Chi Hsu, Ruey-Hong Wong

Background: Smoking cessation reduces the risk of severe illnesses in the long run and contributes to improving health. This study evaluated the short-term and long-term effectiveness of workplace smoking cessation intervention implemented using the transtheoretical model.

Methods: Participants were assessed at baseline before the intervention and after 6 months and 4 years of follow-ups. Data on changes in participants' perception of smoking prohibition in the workplace, knowledge of the hazards of smoking, attitude towards quitting smoking, and behavior related to tobacco harm prevention were collected.

Results: Results showed the prevalence of smoking cessation was 31.5% (95% CI: 25.4-38.1%) after 6 months and 10.7% (95% CI: 6.9-15.6%) after 4 years. At the abovementioned time points, the prevalence of second-hand smoke exposure, and the proportion of people who demonstrated correct knowledge of smoke hazards initially decreased and then increased. The proportion of participants who had seen or received information about tobacco harm prevention provided in the workplace increased from 75.6% at baseline to 95.6% (increased by 20.0%) after 6 months and finally to 97.2% (increased by 21.6%) after 4 years (P < .001). However, the percentage of participants who hoped their workplace continued to provide smoking cessation services rose from 80.0% at baseline to 93.6% (increased by 13.6%) after 6 months and then fell to 78.0% (decreased by 2.0%) after 4 years (P < .001).

Conclusion: The short-term effectiveness of the transtheoretical model in promoting workplace smoking cessation is substantial, but in the long-term, effectiveness weakens.

背景:从长远来看，戒烟可以降低患严重疾病的风险，有助于改善健康。本研究使用跨理论模型评估了工作场所戒烟干预的短期和长期有效性。方法:在干预前、随访6个月和随访4年后对参与者进行基线评估。收集了参与者对工作场所禁烟的认知、吸烟危害的知识、戒烟态度和与烟草危害预防相关的行为的变化数据。结果:结果显示，6个月后戒烟率为31.5% (95% CI: 25.4-38.1%)， 4年后戒烟率为10.7% (95% CI: 6.9-15.6%)。在上述时间点，二手烟暴露的流行率和对烟雾危害有正确认识的人的比例先下降后上升。看到或收到工作场所提供的预防烟草危害信息的参与者比例从基线时的75.6%增加到6个月后的95.6%(增加20.0%)，4年后最终增加到97.2%(增加21.6%)(P < 0.001)。然而，希望工作场所继续提供戒烟服务的参与者比例从基线时的80.0%上升到6个月后的93.6%(上升13.6%)，4年后下降到78.0%(下降2.0%)(P < 0.001)。结论:跨理论模型在促进工作场所戒烟方面短期效果显著，但长期效果减弱。

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引用次数: 2

Intention to Quit and Predictive Factors Among Current Smokers in Vietnam: Findings From Adult Tobacco Survey 2020 越南现有吸烟者的戒烟意愿和预测因素：2020年成人烟草调查结果

IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Use Insights

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221098460

L. T. Hoang, T. T. Tuyet Hanh, L. N. Khue, P. T. Hai, Phan V Can, K. Long, N. T. Linh, D. T. Anh, Hoang Van Minh

BACKGROUND Smoking leads to many smoking-attributable diseases. The promotion of quitting tobacco smoking is urgent as it has significant and immediate health benefits and improves the impacts of other tobacco control strategies. Intention to quit smoking is considered the first step before quitting smoking. METHODOLOGY This paper used data from Vietnam provincial GATS 2020 on 80,166 participants who were 15-year-old or older. Data were collected from 34 provinces and cities throughout Vietnam and managed using REDCap. RESULTS Among those who were current smokers, 50.3% (95% CI: 49.1%–51.4%) had the intention to quit smoking. Some predictive factors found to be positively associated with the intention to quit smoking were age (from 45-64), education level, received information about harmful effects or encouragement to quit smoking from media channels (from 6 channels), hearing about the Tobacco Control Law and noticing health warnings on the cigarette package. There was no significant difference in intention to quit smoking between current smokers from urban and rural areas or among different age groups to start smoking. CONCLUSIONS Interventions or health promotion programs on smoking cessation should be focused on current smokers who have low education levels as they have a higher smoking rate and are less motivated to stop smoking. Received information about harmful effects or encouragement to quit smoking from media channels is also associated with stopping smoking in the future. The importance of health warning pictures on tobacco packages should be maintained and promoted as it has a specific effect on one’s intention to stop smoking.

吸烟导致许多吸烟引起的疾病。促进戒烟是紧迫的，因为它具有重大和直接的健康效益，并改善其他烟草控制战略的影响。立志戒烟是戒烟的第一步。本文使用了越南省GATS 2020的数据，涉及80,166名15岁或以上的参与者。数据收集自越南34个省市，并使用REDCap进行管理。结果:在当前吸烟者中，50.3% (95% CI: 49.1% ~ 51.4%)有戒烟意向。年龄(45-64岁)、受教育程度、从媒体渠道(6个渠道)获得有关戒烟有害影响或鼓励的信息、听说《控烟法》、看到烟盒上的健康警语与戒烟意愿呈正相关的预测因素。城市和农村现有吸烟者的戒烟意愿以及不同年龄段开始吸烟的意愿没有显著差异。结论戒烟干预或健康促进项目应侧重于低教育水平的现有吸烟者，因为他们的吸烟率较高，戒烟的积极性较低。从媒体渠道收到的有关有害影响或鼓励戒烟的信息也与今后戒烟有关。烟草包装上的健康警示图片的重要性应该保持和推广，因为它对人们戒烟的意图有特殊的影响。

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引用次数: 2

Associations Between Perceptions of e-Cigarette Harmfulness and Addictiveness and the Age of E-Cigarette Initiation Among the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Youth. 烟草与健康(PATH)青少年人群评估中电子烟危害性和成瘾性认知与电子烟起始年龄之间的关联

IF 2.2 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Use Insights

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221133645

Meagan A Bluestein, Melissa B Harrell, Emily T Hébert, Baojiang Chen, Arnold E Kuk, Charles E Spells, Adriana Pérez

Introduction: Youth perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness of e-cigarettes may impact the age that they initiate e-cigarette use, but this has not been investigated previously.

Methods: Youth (12-17 years old) never e-cigarette users at their first wave of PATH participation (waves 1-3, 2013-2016) were included. PATH questions on absolute perceptions of e-cigarette harmfulness and addictiveness were used as exposures. Interval-censored Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the impact of perceptions of harmfulness, and perceptions of addictiveness on (i) the age of initiation of e-cigarette use and (ii) age of first reporting past 30-day e-cigarette use, while controlling for covariates.

Results: Youth who perceive e-cigarettes as having no/little harm had increased risk of initiating both ever e-cigarette use (AHR = 2.04; 95%CI = 1.74-2.40) and past 30-day e-cigarette use (AHR = 2.64; 95%CI = 2.07-3.37) at earlier ages compared to youth who perceive e-cigarettes as having a lot of harm. Youth who perceive the likelihood of becoming addicted to e-cigarettes to be very/somewhat unlikely had increased risk of an earlier age of both ever (AHR = 1.28; 95%CI = 1.07-1.52) and past 30-day (AHR = 1.36; 95%CI = 1.04-1.79) e-cigarette initiation compared to youth who perceived the likelihood of becoming addicted to e-cigarettes to be somewhat/very likely.

Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of communicating to youth the potential for health harms and addiction from e-cigarette use in prevention and intervention campaigns, as those with the lowest perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness had the earliest ages of e-cigarette initiation.

青少年对电子烟的危害性和成瘾性的认知可能会影响他们开始使用电子烟的年龄，但这在以前没有被调查过。方法:纳入了首次参与PATH(2013-2016年第1-3波)时从未使用过电子烟的青少年(12-17岁)。关于电子烟危害性和成瘾性的绝对认知的帕斯问题被用作暴露。在控制协变量的同时，使用间隔审查的Cox比例风险模型来估计危害性感知和成瘾性感知对(i)开始使用电子烟的年龄和(ii)首次报告使用电子烟30天的年龄的影响。结果:认为电子烟没有/几乎没有危害的青少年开始使用电子烟的风险增加(AHR = 2.04;95%CI = 1.74-2.40)和过去30天使用电子烟(AHR = 2.64;95%CI = 2.07-3.37)，而认为电子烟有很多危害的年轻人则更早。那些认为对电子烟上瘾的可能性非常/有些不太可能的年轻人，更早地吸烟的风险更高(AHR = 1.28;95%CI = 1.07-1.52)和过去30天(AHR = 1.36;(95%CI = 1.04-1.79)与那些认为有可能/非常有可能对电子烟上瘾的年轻人相比。结论:这些结果强调了在预防和干预运动中向青少年宣传电子烟使用对健康的潜在危害和成瘾的重要性，因为那些对电子烟的危害和成瘾程度最低的人开始吸电子烟的年龄最早。

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引用次数: 0

Stress, Dependence, and COVID-19-related Changes in Past 30-day Marijuana, Electronic Cigarette, and Cigarette Use among Youth and Young Adults. 青少年过去 30 天内吸食大麻、电子烟和香烟的压力、依赖性和 COVID-19 相关变化。

IF 2.1 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Use Insights

Pub Date : 2021-12-20 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179173X211067439

Stephanie L Clendennen, Kathleen R Case, Aslesha Sumbe, Dale S Mantey, Emily J Mason, Melissa B Harrell

Background: Studies show smoking and vaping behaviors increase risk of contracting and worse symptoms of COVID-19. This study examines whether past 30-day youth and young adult users of marijuana, e-cigarettes, and cigarettes self-reported changes in their use of these substances due to the COVID-19 pandemic; and cross-sectional associations between perceived stress, nicotine or marijuana dependence, and COVID-19-related changes in use.

Methods: Participants were 709 past 30-day self-reported substance users from the Texas Adolescent Tobacco and Marketing Surveillance study (TATAMS; mean age = 19; 58% female; 38% Hispanic, 35% white). Multiple logistic regression models assessed cross-sectional associations between perceived stress and dependence and increased, decreased, or sustained past 30-day use of marijuana, e-cigarettes, and cigarettes due to COVID-19 (e.g., "Has your marijuana use changed due to the COVID-19 outbreak?"). Covariates included age, race/ethnicity, socio-economic status (SES), dependence (exposure: stress), and stress (exposure: dependence).

Results: Most participants reported sustained (41%, 43%, 49%) or increased (37%, 34%, 25%) use of marijuana, e-cigarettes, and cigarettes due to COVID-19, respectively. Participants who reported symptoms of dependence were significantly more likely than their non-dependent peers to report increasing their marijuana (AOR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.15-2.39) and e-cigarette (AOR: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.38-4.77) use. Those who reported higher perceived stress were significantly more likely to report increasing their marijuana use (AOR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.01-2.42).

Conclusions: Most youth and young adults did not decrease their substance use amid a global, respiratory disease pandemic. Health messaging and interventions that address the health effects of smoking and vaping as well as factors like stress and dependence that may be barriers to decreasing use are vital in curbing the COVID-19 pandemic.

背景：研究表明，吸烟和吸食电子烟的行为会增加感染COVID-19的风险并加重其症状。本研究调查了过去 30 天内使用大麻、电子烟和香烟的青少年和年轻成年人是否自述了他们使用这些物质的变化是由于 COVID-19 的流行；以及感知到的压力、尼古丁或大麻依赖与 COVID-19 相关使用变化之间的横断面关联：参与者为德克萨斯青少年烟草和营销监测研究（TATAMS；平均年龄 = 19；58% 为女性；38% 为西班牙裔，35% 为白人）中 709 名过去 30 天自我报告的药物使用者。多元逻辑回归模型评估了感知压力和依赖性与 COVID-19 导致的过去 30 天使用大麻、电子烟和香烟的增加、减少或持续之间的横截面关联（例如，"COVID-19 的爆发是否改变了您使用大麻的情况？）协变量包括年龄、种族/民族、社会经济地位（SES）、依赖性（暴露：压力）和压力（暴露：依赖性）：大多数参与者报告说，由于 COVID-19，他们分别持续（41%、43%、49%）或增加（37%、34%、25%）使用大麻、电子烟和香烟。报告有依赖症状的参与者报告增加使用大麻（AOR：1.66；95% CI：1.15-2.39）和电子烟（AOR：2.57；95% CI：1.38-4.77）的可能性明显高于无依赖症状的参与者。报告压力感知较高的人更有可能增加大麻的使用（AOR：1.55；95% CI：1.01-2.42）：结论：在全球呼吸道疾病大流行的情况下，大多数青少年和年轻人并没有减少使用药物。针对吸烟和吸食毒品对健康的影响以及可能阻碍减少使用的压力和依赖性等因素的健康信息和干预措施对于遏制 COVID-19 的流行至关重要。

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引用次数: 0