Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221087554
Adriana Pérez, Charles E Spells, Meagan A Bluestein, Melissa B Harrell, Emily T Hébert
Introduction: This study examined the impact of seeing and posting tobacco-related content on social media on tobacco use outcomes in youth.
Methods: Longitudinal secondary analyses of youth in the nationally representative 2014-2015 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study were conducted to examine the association between the interaction of (i) seeing and (ii) posting tobacco-related social media content with previous ever use of each tobacco product, and 3 outcomes in 2015-2016: past 30-day e-cigarette use, past 30-day combustible product use, and past 30-day dual use of e-cigarettes and at least one combustible product. Six weighted multiple logistic regression models (2 interaction exposures*3 outcomes) were used to assess these associations, while adjusting for covariates.
Results: Among youth never users in 2014-2015, seeing tobacco-related social media content was significantly associated with past 30-day e-cigarette use (AOR 1.92; 95% CI= 1.36-2.71), and past 30-day dual use of e-cigarettes and at least one combustible product (AOR= 2.11; 95% CI= 1.08- 4.13) in 2015-2016. Among youth ever users in 2014-2015, posting tobacco-related content on social media was significantly associated with all 3 outcomes: past 30-day day e-cigarette use (AOR= 2.09;95%CI=1.23-3.55), past 30-day combustible product use (AOR=2.86; 95%CI=1.67-4.88), and past 30-day dual use of these products (AOR=3.02;95%CI=1.45-6.31), after adjusting for covariates.
Conclusions: Seeing and posting tobacco-related content on social media predicts tobacco use among youth, nationwide. Results suggest that interventions and policies prohibiting tobacco-related content on social media are needed to curb the impact of social media on youth tobacco-use.
{"title":"The Longitudinal Impact of Seeing and Posting Tobacco-related Social Media on Tobacco Use Behaviors Among Youth (Aged 12-17): Findings From the 2014-2016 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.","authors":"Adriana Pérez, Charles E Spells, Meagan A Bluestein, Melissa B Harrell, Emily T Hébert","doi":"10.1177/1179173X221087554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173X221087554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study examined the impact of seeing and posting tobacco-related content on social media on tobacco use outcomes in youth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Longitudinal secondary analyses of youth in the nationally representative 2014-2015 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study were conducted to examine the association between the interaction of (i) seeing and (ii) posting tobacco-related social media content with previous ever use of each tobacco product, and 3 outcomes in 2015-2016: past 30-day e-cigarette use, past 30-day combustible product use, and past 30-day dual use of e-cigarettes and at least one combustible product. Six weighted multiple logistic regression models (2 interaction exposures*3 outcomes) were used to assess these associations, while adjusting for covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among youth never users in 2014-2015, seeing tobacco-related social media content was significantly associated with past 30-day e-cigarette use (AOR 1.92; 95% CI= 1.36-2.71), and past 30-day dual use of e-cigarettes and at least one combustible product (AOR= 2.11; 95% CI= 1.08- 4.13) in 2015-2016. Among youth ever users in 2014-2015, posting tobacco-related content on social media was significantly associated with all 3 outcomes: past 30-day day e-cigarette use (AOR= 2.09;95%CI=1.23-3.55), past 30-day combustible product use (AOR=2.86; 95%CI=1.67-4.88), and past 30-day dual use of these products (AOR=3.02;95%CI=1.45-6.31), after adjusting for covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Seeing and posting tobacco-related content on social media predicts tobacco use among youth, nationwide. Results suggest that interventions and policies prohibiting tobacco-related content on social media are needed to curb the impact of social media on youth tobacco-use.</p>","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/37/e6/10.1177_1179173X221087554.PMC9133874.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9794746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1179173x221096638
A. Burnett-Hartman, Shauna Goldberg Scott, J. D. Powers, Morgan N Clennin, J. Lyons, M. Gray, H. Feigelson
BACKGROUND Although combustible cigarette use is an established risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease, there is conflicting evidence for the association of electronic cigarette use with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity. METHODS Study participants were from the Kaiser Permanente Research Bank (KPRB), a biorepository that includes adult Kaiser Permanente members from across the United States. Starting in April 2020, electronic surveys were sent to KPRB members to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. These surveys collected information on self-report of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-related risk factors, including electronic cigarette and combustible cigarette smoking history. We also used electronic health records data to assess COVID-19 diagnoses, positive PCR lab tests, hospitalizations, and death. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection between individuals by e-cigarette use categories (never, former, and current). Among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection, we used multivariable logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs comparing the odds of hospitalization or death within 30 days of infection between individuals by e-cigarette use categories. RESULTS There were 126,475 individuals who responded to the survey and completed questions on e-cigarette and combustible cigarette use (48% response rate). Among survey respondents, 819 (1%) currently used e-cigarettes, 3,691 (3%) formerly used e-cigarettes, and 121,965 (96%) had never used e-cigarettes. After adjustment for demographic, behavioral, and clinical factors, there was no association with SARS-CoV-2 infection and former e-cigarette use (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.99; CI: 0.83–1.18) or current e-cigarette use (HR = 1.08; CI: 0.76–1.52). Among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection, there was no association with hospitalization or death within 30 days of infection and former e-cigarette use (odds ratio (OR) = 1.19; CI: 0.59–2.43) or current e-cigarette use (OR = 1.02; CI: 0.22–4.74). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that e-cigarette use is not associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19 illness.
{"title":"The Association of Electronic Cigarette Use With SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Disease Severity","authors":"A. Burnett-Hartman, Shauna Goldberg Scott, J. D. Powers, Morgan N Clennin, J. Lyons, M. Gray, H. Feigelson","doi":"10.1177/1179173x221096638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173x221096638","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Although combustible cigarette use is an established risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease, there is conflicting evidence for the association of electronic cigarette use with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity. METHODS Study participants were from the Kaiser Permanente Research Bank (KPRB), a biorepository that includes adult Kaiser Permanente members from across the United States. Starting in April 2020, electronic surveys were sent to KPRB members to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. These surveys collected information on self-report of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-related risk factors, including electronic cigarette and combustible cigarette smoking history. We also used electronic health records data to assess COVID-19 diagnoses, positive PCR lab tests, hospitalizations, and death. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection between individuals by e-cigarette use categories (never, former, and current). Among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection, we used multivariable logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs comparing the odds of hospitalization or death within 30 days of infection between individuals by e-cigarette use categories. RESULTS There were 126,475 individuals who responded to the survey and completed questions on e-cigarette and combustible cigarette use (48% response rate). Among survey respondents, 819 (1%) currently used e-cigarettes, 3,691 (3%) formerly used e-cigarettes, and 121,965 (96%) had never used e-cigarettes. After adjustment for demographic, behavioral, and clinical factors, there was no association with SARS-CoV-2 infection and former e-cigarette use (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.99; CI: 0.83–1.18) or current e-cigarette use (HR = 1.08; CI: 0.76–1.52). Among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection, there was no association with hospitalization or death within 30 days of infection and former e-cigarette use (odds ratio (OR) = 1.19; CI: 0.59–2.43) or current e-cigarette use (OR = 1.02; CI: 0.22–4.74). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that e-cigarette use is not associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19 illness.","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49393134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221078189
M. Boachie, M. Immurana, J. Agyemang, H. Ross
This study examines the effect of cigarette prices on the likelihood of experimental smoking among adolescents in Sierra Leone. The study links data from the 2017 Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) to price data covering 2008–2017 obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO). After employing duration analysis techniques, we find that increases in cigarette prices are associated with a lower probability of smoking experimentation, with an estimated price elasticity of −1.63 (CI: −.24 to −3.02). Other factors affecting an adolescent’s decision to experiment with smoking are parental and friends’ smoking status, gender, exposure to tobacco advertising, and income. We conclude that higher prices, through excise taxation, are important tools for controlling smoking uptake among the youth of Sierra Leone.
{"title":"Cigarette Prices and Smoking Experimentation in Sierra Leone: An Exploratory Study","authors":"M. Boachie, M. Immurana, J. Agyemang, H. Ross","doi":"10.1177/1179173X221078189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173X221078189","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effect of cigarette prices on the likelihood of experimental smoking among adolescents in Sierra Leone. The study links data from the 2017 Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) to price data covering 2008–2017 obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO). After employing duration analysis techniques, we find that increases in cigarette prices are associated with a lower probability of smoking experimentation, with an estimated price elasticity of −1.63 (CI: −.24 to −3.02). Other factors affecting an adolescent’s decision to experiment with smoking are parental and friends’ smoking status, gender, exposure to tobacco advertising, and income. We conclude that higher prices, through excise taxation, are important tools for controlling smoking uptake among the youth of Sierra Leone.","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45984581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221075581
Abdullah M M Alanazi, Shahad F Almutairi, Alanoud A Alsarami, Fay J Alanazi, Lama Alqahtani, Tareq Alotaibi, Saleh S Algarni, Sarah S Monshi, T. Ismaeil
Background Smoking is one of the major preventable causes of morbidity and mortality and has been associated with numerous illnesses. While smoking is increasing among Saudi women, the characteristics of smoking behavior related to abstinence self-efficacy, which is a belief regarding one’s ability to successfully resist performing a behavior, and outcome expectancies, meaning the anticipated consequences of performing a behavior, are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to test whether abstinence self-efficacy mediated the relationship between tobacco smoking outcome expectancies and the desire to quit tobacco among Saudi women who smoke. Methods This cross-sectional study collected a sample of 211 Saudi women who smoked tobacco, including cigarettes and shisha. A self-administered questionnaire was used to examine several variables, including abstinence self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and desire to quit tobacco smoking. Mediational path analysis was used to answer the research question. Indirect effects were estimated through a bootstrapping of 10,000. Results All 4 constructs of outcome expectancies (negative consequences, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and appetite/weight control) were associated with lower abstinence self-efficacy and desire to quit tobacco smoking. In the mediation analysis, the indirect effect of negative consequences (standardized beta = −.013, SE = .008, 95% CI [−.030, −.001]), negative reinforcement (standardized beta = −.012, SE = .006, 95% CI [−.025, −.001]), and appetite/weight control (standardized beta = −.008, SE = .006, 95% CI [−.022, −.001]) through abstinence self-efficacy were significant, suggesting mediation in the relationship between outcome expectancies and desire to quit tobacco smoking. Conclusion Cognitive mechanisms that may explain the desire to quit tobacco smoking among Saudi women were identified. Although future longitudinal studies are required to determine relationships prospectively, targeted interventions that correct tobacco smoking outcome expectancies and boost abstinence self-efficacy skills may reduce tobacco smoking among Saudi women.
吸烟是导致发病和死亡的主要可预防原因之一，并与许多疾病有关。虽然吸烟在沙特女性中越来越多，但吸烟行为的特征与戒烟自我效能有关，这是一种关于一个人成功抵制某种行为的能力的信念，以及结果预期，即执行某种行为的预期后果，是未知的。因此，本研究旨在检验戒烟自我效能感是否在吸烟沙特女性吸烟结果预期与戒烟愿望之间起中介作用。方法本横断面研究收集了211名吸烟的沙特妇女，包括香烟和水烟。一份自我管理的问卷被用来检查几个变量，包括戒烟自我效能、结果预期和戒烟的愿望。采用中介通径分析来回答研究问题。间接影响是通过自举10000来估计的。结果结果预期的所有4个构念(消极后果、积极强化、消极强化和食欲/体重控制)均与较低的戒烟自我效能感和戒烟愿望相关。在中介分析中，负面后果的间接影响(标准化beta =−。013, se = 0.008, 95% ci[−。030，−.001])，负强化(标准化β =−。012, se = 0.006, 95% ci[−。025，−.001])，以及食欲/体重控制(标准化β =−。008, se = .006, 95% ci[−。[022，−.001])通过戒烟自我效能感显著，提示结果预期与戒烟愿望之间存在中介关系。结论认知机制可能解释了沙特妇女戒烟的愿望。虽然未来的纵向研究需要确定前瞻性的关系，有针对性的干预措施，纠正吸烟的结果预期和提高戒烟自我效能技能可能会减少沙特妇女吸烟。
{"title":"Effects of Abstinence Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectancies of Tobacco Smoking on the Desire to Quit Among Saudi Women: A Cross-Sectional Mediation Analysis","authors":"Abdullah M M Alanazi, Shahad F Almutairi, Alanoud A Alsarami, Fay J Alanazi, Lama Alqahtani, Tareq Alotaibi, Saleh S Algarni, Sarah S Monshi, T. Ismaeil","doi":"10.1177/1179173X221075581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173X221075581","url":null,"abstract":"Background Smoking is one of the major preventable causes of morbidity and mortality and has been associated with numerous illnesses. While smoking is increasing among Saudi women, the characteristics of smoking behavior related to abstinence self-efficacy, which is a belief regarding one’s ability to successfully resist performing a behavior, and outcome expectancies, meaning the anticipated consequences of performing a behavior, are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to test whether abstinence self-efficacy mediated the relationship between tobacco smoking outcome expectancies and the desire to quit tobacco among Saudi women who smoke. Methods This cross-sectional study collected a sample of 211 Saudi women who smoked tobacco, including cigarettes and shisha. A self-administered questionnaire was used to examine several variables, including abstinence self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and desire to quit tobacco smoking. Mediational path analysis was used to answer the research question. Indirect effects were estimated through a bootstrapping of 10,000. Results All 4 constructs of outcome expectancies (negative consequences, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and appetite/weight control) were associated with lower abstinence self-efficacy and desire to quit tobacco smoking. In the mediation analysis, the indirect effect of negative consequences (standardized beta = −.013, SE = .008, 95% CI [−.030, −.001]), negative reinforcement (standardized beta = −.012, SE = .006, 95% CI [−.025, −.001]), and appetite/weight control (standardized beta = −.008, SE = .006, 95% CI [−.022, −.001]) through abstinence self-efficacy were significant, suggesting mediation in the relationship between outcome expectancies and desire to quit tobacco smoking. Conclusion Cognitive mechanisms that may explain the desire to quit tobacco smoking among Saudi women were identified. Although future longitudinal studies are required to determine relationships prospectively, targeted interventions that correct tobacco smoking outcome expectancies and boost abstinence self-efficacy skills may reduce tobacco smoking among Saudi women.","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41846850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Smoking cessation reduces the risk of severe illnesses in the long run and contributes to improving health. This study evaluated the short-term and long-term effectiveness of workplace smoking cessation intervention implemented using the transtheoretical model.
Methods: Participants were assessed at baseline before the intervention and after 6 months and 4 years of follow-ups. Data on changes in participants' perception of smoking prohibition in the workplace, knowledge of the hazards of smoking, attitude towards quitting smoking, and behavior related to tobacco harm prevention were collected.
Results: Results showed the prevalence of smoking cessation was 31.5% (95% CI: 25.4-38.1%) after 6 months and 10.7% (95% CI: 6.9-15.6%) after 4 years. At the abovementioned time points, the prevalence of second-hand smoke exposure, and the proportion of people who demonstrated correct knowledge of smoke hazards initially decreased and then increased. The proportion of participants who had seen or received information about tobacco harm prevention provided in the workplace increased from 75.6% at baseline to 95.6% (increased by 20.0%) after 6 months and finally to 97.2% (increased by 21.6%) after 4 years (P < .001). However, the percentage of participants who hoped their workplace continued to provide smoking cessation services rose from 80.0% at baseline to 93.6% (increased by 13.6%) after 6 months and then fell to 78.0% (decreased by 2.0%) after 4 years (P < .001).
Conclusion: The short-term effectiveness of the transtheoretical model in promoting workplace smoking cessation is substantial, but in the long-term, effectiveness weakens.
{"title":"Promotion of Smoking Cessation Using the Transtheoretical Model: Short-Term and Long-Term Effectiveness for Workers in Coastal Central Taiwan.","authors":"Ming-Feng Tseng, Chia-Chen Huang, Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai, Ming-Daw Tsay, Yu-Kang Chang, Chun-Lin Juan, Fang-Chi Hsu, Ruey-Hong Wong","doi":"10.1177/1179173X221104410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173X221104410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smoking cessation reduces the risk of severe illnesses in the long run and contributes to improving health. This study evaluated the short-term and long-term effectiveness of workplace smoking cessation intervention implemented using the transtheoretical model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were assessed at baseline before the intervention and after 6 months and 4 years of follow-ups. Data on changes in participants' perception of smoking prohibition in the workplace, knowledge of the hazards of smoking, attitude towards quitting smoking, and behavior related to tobacco harm prevention were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed the prevalence of smoking cessation was 31.5% (95% CI: 25.4-38.1%) after 6 months and 10.7% (95% CI: 6.9-15.6%) after 4 years. At the abovementioned time points, the prevalence of second-hand smoke exposure, and the proportion of people who demonstrated correct knowledge of smoke hazards initially decreased and then increased. The proportion of participants who had seen or received information about tobacco harm prevention provided in the workplace increased from 75.6% at baseline to 95.6% (increased by 20.0%) after 6 months and finally to 97.2% (increased by 21.6%) after 4 years (<i>P</i> < .001). However, the percentage of participants who hoped their workplace continued to provide smoking cessation services rose from 80.0% at baseline to 93.6% (increased by 13.6%) after 6 months and then fell to 78.0% (decreased by 2.0%) after 4 years (<i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The short-term effectiveness of the transtheoretical model in promoting workplace smoking cessation is substantial, but in the long-term, effectiveness weakens.</p>","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/df/6e/10.1177_1179173X221104410.PMC9168925.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10257013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221076419
Samuel C J Kim, T. Friedman
While cigarette smoking is still a major source of morbidity and mortality, e-cigarette usage is skyrocketing, and the tobacco industry is finding new ways to market nicotine. With updated published research highlighting the dangers of cigarette smoking and now vaping, the industry has been developing new techniques and devices that circumvent this research to hook users on tobacco and nicotine. The FDA allowed Philip Morris International (PMI) to sell their heat not burn tobacco products known as iQOS in 2019. By 2019, 49 countries had permitted the sale of iQOS. This commentary summarizes the recent research on heat not burn cigarettes, also known as heated tobacco products and their effects on public policy. We urge policy makers to consider the research published regarding these new products and prevent the widespread use of these products that will harm public health.
{"title":"A New Ingenious Enemy: Heat-Not-Burn Products","authors":"Samuel C J Kim, T. Friedman","doi":"10.1177/1179173X221076419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173X221076419","url":null,"abstract":"While cigarette smoking is still a major source of morbidity and mortality, e-cigarette usage is skyrocketing, and the tobacco industry is finding new ways to market nicotine. With updated published research highlighting the dangers of cigarette smoking and now vaping, the industry has been developing new techniques and devices that circumvent this research to hook users on tobacco and nicotine. The FDA allowed Philip Morris International (PMI) to sell their heat not burn tobacco products known as iQOS in 2019. By 2019, 49 countries had permitted the sale of iQOS. This commentary summarizes the recent research on heat not burn cigarettes, also known as heated tobacco products and their effects on public policy. We urge policy makers to consider the research published regarding these new products and prevent the widespread use of these products that will harm public health.","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43906007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221098460
L. T. Hoang, T. T. Tuyet Hanh, L. N. Khue, P. T. Hai, Phan V Can, K. Long, N. T. Linh, D. T. Anh, Hoang Van Minh
BACKGROUND Smoking leads to many smoking-attributable diseases. The promotion of quitting tobacco smoking is urgent as it has significant and immediate health benefits and improves the impacts of other tobacco control strategies. Intention to quit smoking is considered the first step before quitting smoking. METHODOLOGY This paper used data from Vietnam provincial GATS 2020 on 80,166 participants who were 15-year-old or older. Data were collected from 34 provinces and cities throughout Vietnam and managed using REDCap. RESULTS Among those who were current smokers, 50.3% (95% CI: 49.1%–51.4%) had the intention to quit smoking. Some predictive factors found to be positively associated with the intention to quit smoking were age (from 45-64), education level, received information about harmful effects or encouragement to quit smoking from media channels (from 6 channels), hearing about the Tobacco Control Law and noticing health warnings on the cigarette package. There was no significant difference in intention to quit smoking between current smokers from urban and rural areas or among different age groups to start smoking. CONCLUSIONS Interventions or health promotion programs on smoking cessation should be focused on current smokers who have low education levels as they have a higher smoking rate and are less motivated to stop smoking. Received information about harmful effects or encouragement to quit smoking from media channels is also associated with stopping smoking in the future. The importance of health warning pictures on tobacco packages should be maintained and promoted as it has a specific effect on one’s intention to stop smoking.
{"title":"Intention to Quit and Predictive Factors Among Current Smokers in Vietnam: Findings From Adult Tobacco Survey 2020","authors":"L. T. Hoang, T. T. Tuyet Hanh, L. N. Khue, P. T. Hai, Phan V Can, K. Long, N. T. Linh, D. T. Anh, Hoang Van Minh","doi":"10.1177/1179173X221098460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173X221098460","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Smoking leads to many smoking-attributable diseases. The promotion of quitting tobacco smoking is urgent as it has significant and immediate health benefits and improves the impacts of other tobacco control strategies. Intention to quit smoking is considered the first step before quitting smoking. METHODOLOGY This paper used data from Vietnam provincial GATS 2020 on 80,166 participants who were 15-year-old or older. Data were collected from 34 provinces and cities throughout Vietnam and managed using REDCap. RESULTS Among those who were current smokers, 50.3% (95% CI: 49.1%–51.4%) had the intention to quit smoking. Some predictive factors found to be positively associated with the intention to quit smoking were age (from 45-64), education level, received information about harmful effects or encouragement to quit smoking from media channels (from 6 channels), hearing about the Tobacco Control Law and noticing health warnings on the cigarette package. There was no significant difference in intention to quit smoking between current smokers from urban and rural areas or among different age groups to start smoking. CONCLUSIONS Interventions or health promotion programs on smoking cessation should be focused on current smokers who have low education levels as they have a higher smoking rate and are less motivated to stop smoking. Received information about harmful effects or encouragement to quit smoking from media channels is also associated with stopping smoking in the future. The importance of health warning pictures on tobacco packages should be maintained and promoted as it has a specific effect on one’s intention to stop smoking.","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46053419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1179173X221133645
Meagan A Bluestein, Melissa B Harrell, Emily T Hébert, Baojiang Chen, Arnold E Kuk, Charles E Spells, Adriana Pérez
Introduction: Youth perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness of e-cigarettes may impact the age that they initiate e-cigarette use, but this has not been investigated previously.
Methods: Youth (12-17 years old) never e-cigarette users at their first wave of PATH participation (waves 1-3, 2013-2016) were included. PATH questions on absolute perceptions of e-cigarette harmfulness and addictiveness were used as exposures. Interval-censored Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the impact of perceptions of harmfulness, and perceptions of addictiveness on (i) the age of initiation of e-cigarette use and (ii) age of first reporting past 30-day e-cigarette use, while controlling for covariates.
Results: Youth who perceive e-cigarettes as having no/little harm had increased risk of initiating both ever e-cigarette use (AHR = 2.04; 95%CI = 1.74-2.40) and past 30-day e-cigarette use (AHR = 2.64; 95%CI = 2.07-3.37) at earlier ages compared to youth who perceive e-cigarettes as having a lot of harm. Youth who perceive the likelihood of becoming addicted to e-cigarettes to be very/somewhat unlikely had increased risk of an earlier age of both ever (AHR = 1.28; 95%CI = 1.07-1.52) and past 30-day (AHR = 1.36; 95%CI = 1.04-1.79) e-cigarette initiation compared to youth who perceived the likelihood of becoming addicted to e-cigarettes to be somewhat/very likely.
Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of communicating to youth the potential for health harms and addiction from e-cigarette use in prevention and intervention campaigns, as those with the lowest perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness had the earliest ages of e-cigarette initiation.
{"title":"Associations Between Perceptions of e-Cigarette Harmfulness and Addictiveness and the Age of E-Cigarette Initiation Among the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Youth.","authors":"Meagan A Bluestein, Melissa B Harrell, Emily T Hébert, Baojiang Chen, Arnold E Kuk, Charles E Spells, Adriana Pérez","doi":"10.1177/1179173X221133645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173X221133645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Youth perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness of e-cigarettes may impact the age that they initiate e-cigarette use, but this has not been investigated previously.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Youth (12-17 years old) never e-cigarette users at their first wave of PATH participation (waves 1-3, 2013-2016) were included. PATH questions on absolute perceptions of e-cigarette harmfulness and addictiveness were used as exposures. Interval-censored Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the impact of perceptions of harmfulness, and perceptions of addictiveness on (i) the age of initiation of e-cigarette use and (ii) age of first reporting past 30-day e-cigarette use, while controlling for covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Youth who perceive e-cigarettes as having no/little harm had increased risk of initiating both ever e-cigarette use (AHR = 2.04; 95%CI = 1.74-2.40) and past 30-day e-cigarette use (AHR = 2.64; 95%CI = 2.07-3.37) at earlier ages compared to youth who perceive e-cigarettes as having a lot of harm. Youth who perceive the likelihood of becoming addicted to e-cigarettes to be very/somewhat unlikely had increased risk of an earlier age of both ever (AHR = 1.28; 95%CI = 1.07-1.52) and past 30-day (AHR = 1.36; 95%CI = 1.04-1.79) e-cigarette initiation compared to youth who perceived the likelihood of becoming addicted to e-cigarettes to be somewhat/very likely.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight the importance of communicating to youth the potential for health harms and addiction from e-cigarette use in prevention and intervention campaigns, as those with the lowest perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness had the earliest ages of e-cigarette initiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4e/76/10.1177_1179173X221133645.PMC9585561.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9795245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-23eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1179173X211056622
Garima Bhatt, Sonu Goel, Rakesh Gupta, Sandeep Grover, Bikash Medhi
Background In a low and middle-income country (LMIC) like India, non—communicable diseases (NCDs) contribute a major proportion (61.8%) of all causes of death. Out of this, 48% of cardiovascular diseases , 23% of Chronic Respiratory Diseases , and 10% of Cancer deaths are attributable to tobacco use. Tobacco use is a major risk factor for NCDs and thus, the tobacco cessation approach is a high priority intervention to combat complications and death among NCD patients. While several interventions are available for tobacco cessation, in resource constraint countries like India, the effectiveness of low-cost, culturally specific patient-centric tobacco cessation behavioral intervention holds a potential that needs to be evaluated. A newly developed evidence-based tobacco cessation intervention package will be compared with the existing/usual care provided under the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancers, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Stroke (NPCDCS) at NCD clinics. Methods and design 2 arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Participants Patients aged ≥30 years suffering from NCD, currently using tobacco, and attending NCD clinics in 2 districts of Punjab, India. Sample size A total of 200 participants meeting the selection criteria will be recruited. They will be allocated either to the intervention arm or control (usual care) arm (100 each) using block randomization. Intervention For the participants, there will be 4 face-to-face disease-specific cessation counseling sessions, disease-specific pamphlets, short text messages in vernacular language, that is, Punjabi. Follow-ups will be done at the third, sixth, ninth, and 12th months. Primary outcome Seven-day abstinence, biochemically verified by plasma cotinine levels. Secondary outcome Quit attempts, number of sticks/number of times of smokeless tobacco usage in a day, and stage of behavior change in tobacco users. Discussion This multicomponent culturally specific-patient-centric behavioral intervention package for tobacco cessation at NCD clinic settings focusing on the individual, family, and social environment could increase the outreach of cessation services using existing resources, thereby strengthening health systems and enhancing the quality of life of NCD patients. Trial registration The protocol for the study has been registered with the Clinical Trials Registry in India under the registration number CTRI/2018/01/011643.
{"title":"Evaluating the impact of culturally specific patient-centric behavioral intervention package versus usual care for tobacco cessation among patients attending noncommunicable disease clinics in North India: A single-blind trial pilot study protocol.","authors":"Garima Bhatt, Sonu Goel, Rakesh Gupta, Sandeep Grover, Bikash Medhi","doi":"10.1177/1179173X211056622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173X211056622","url":null,"abstract":"Background In a low and middle-income country (LMIC) like India, non—communicable diseases (NCDs) contribute a major proportion (61.8%) of all causes of death. Out of this, 48% of cardiovascular diseases , 23% of Chronic Respiratory Diseases , and 10% of Cancer deaths are attributable to tobacco use. Tobacco use is a major risk factor for NCDs and thus, the tobacco cessation approach is a high priority intervention to combat complications and death among NCD patients. While several interventions are available for tobacco cessation, in resource constraint countries like India, the effectiveness of low-cost, culturally specific patient-centric tobacco cessation behavioral intervention holds a potential that needs to be evaluated. A newly developed evidence-based tobacco cessation intervention package will be compared with the existing/usual care provided under the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancers, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Stroke (NPCDCS) at NCD clinics. Methods and design 2 arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Participants Patients aged ≥30 years suffering from NCD, currently using tobacco, and attending NCD clinics in 2 districts of Punjab, India. Sample size A total of 200 participants meeting the selection criteria will be recruited. They will be allocated either to the intervention arm or control (usual care) arm (100 each) using block randomization. Intervention For the participants, there will be 4 face-to-face disease-specific cessation counseling sessions, disease-specific pamphlets, short text messages in vernacular language, that is, Punjabi. Follow-ups will be done at the third, sixth, ninth, and 12th months. Primary outcome Seven-day abstinence, biochemically verified by plasma cotinine levels. Secondary outcome Quit attempts, number of sticks/number of times of smokeless tobacco usage in a day, and stage of behavior change in tobacco users. Discussion This multicomponent culturally specific-patient-centric behavioral intervention package for tobacco cessation at NCD clinic settings focusing on the individual, family, and social environment could increase the outreach of cessation services using existing resources, thereby strengthening health systems and enhancing the quality of life of NCD patients. Trial registration The protocol for the study has been registered with the Clinical Trials Registry in India under the registration number CTRI/2018/01/011643.","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/de/71/10.1177_1179173X211056622.PMC8721367.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39900276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1179173X211068027
Nicolle M Krebs, Gail D'Souza, Candace Bordner, Sophia I Allen, Andrea L Hobkirk, Jonathan Foulds, Jessica M Yingst
Novel mRNA vaccines have been developed and were first distributed to high-risk individuals (including smokers) in the United States starting in December 2020 to combat the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Over one-half of the U.S. adult population has received at least 1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, but many others have reported hesitation about becoming vaccinated. We examined COVID-19 vaccine uptake and hesitancy from a convenience sample of Pennsylvanian adult smokers in April 2021, approximately 3 months after tobacco users were eligible to receive vaccination in the state. Participants (n = 231) were 23.4% male, 90.5% white, and had a mean age of 48.1 (SD = 11.9) years. All participants were current tobacco users, with the majority reporting current cigarette smoking (90.9%) with an average of 16 (SD = 8.1) cigarettes smoked per day. Nearly 60% (n = 137) reported receiving at least 1 dose of the vaccine and of those who did not (n = 94), 84% (n = 79) said they were somewhat or very unlikely to get a vaccine. Those who were unvaccinated were more likely to not consume news about COVID-19 (chi-square P-value < .01) and less likely to believe government news sources as reliable information for COVID-19 (chi-square P-value < .01). Qualitative responses among those who were vaccine hesitant expressed concerns about the lack of research on the vaccine, distrust of the safety of the vaccine, and fears about side effects. Understanding vaccine hesitancy among tobacco users can help develop targeted communication strategies and directly address concerns to promote vaccination among this population who may be at an increased risk of severe complications from COVID-19.
{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Hesitancy Among Current Tobacco Users.","authors":"Nicolle M Krebs, Gail D'Souza, Candace Bordner, Sophia I Allen, Andrea L Hobkirk, Jonathan Foulds, Jessica M Yingst","doi":"10.1177/1179173X211068027","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179173X211068027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Novel mRNA vaccines have been developed and were first distributed to high-risk individuals (including smokers) in the United States starting in December 2020 to combat the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Over one-half of the U.S. adult population has received at least 1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, but many others have reported hesitation about becoming vaccinated. We examined COVID-19 vaccine uptake and hesitancy from a convenience sample of Pennsylvanian adult smokers in April 2021, approximately 3 months after tobacco users were eligible to receive vaccination in the state. Participants (n = 231) were 23.4% male, 90.5% white, and had a mean age of 48.1 (SD = 11.9) years. All participants were current tobacco users, with the majority reporting current cigarette smoking (90.9%) with an average of 16 (SD = 8.1) cigarettes smoked per day. Nearly 60% (n = 137) reported receiving at least 1 dose of the vaccine and of those who did not (n = 94), 84% (n = 79) said they were somewhat or very unlikely to get a vaccine. Those who were unvaccinated were more likely to not consume news about COVID-19 (chi-square <i>P</i>-value < .01) and less likely to believe government news sources as reliable information for COVID-19 (chi-square <i>P</i>-value < .01). Qualitative responses among those who were vaccine hesitant expressed concerns about the lack of research on the vaccine, distrust of the safety of the vaccine, and fears about side effects. Understanding vaccine hesitancy among tobacco users can help develop targeted communication strategies and directly address concerns to promote vaccination among this population who may be at an increased risk of severe complications from COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":43361,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Use Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fe/4c/10.1177_1179173X211068027.PMC8721404.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39900281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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