Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.1
M. Chernysh
Russian science has faced a number of new challenges that dictate the need to mobilize human and material resources. The article proposes to evaluate the resources that Russian science has at the present time. It is noted that science, as one of the institutions inscribed in the social order, followed and continues to follow the rules of the game that are set by external subjects. After a long period of funding, reforms traumatizing the scientific community, the possibilities of Russian science for independent development are limited. One of its main problems today lies in the field of reproduction, replenishment with qualified personnel capable of independent scientific activity. It is not easy to achieve this, because in the previous period, Russian scientists were oriented towards integration into world science in the role of a catching-up subject, repeating the patterns of Western scientific institutions. In order to change the situation, it is important to radically change the attitude towards scientists, significantly increase funding for science, show respect for the traditions that Russian science has accumulated and were in the past the foundation of its global achievements.
{"title":"How to be in the current situation?","authors":"M. Chernysh","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Russian science has faced a number of new challenges that dictate the need to mobilize human and material resources. The article proposes to evaluate the resources that Russian science has at the present time. It is noted that science, as one of the institutions inscribed in the social order, followed and continues to follow the rules of the game that are set by external subjects. After a long period of funding, reforms traumatizing the scientific community, the possibilities of Russian science for independent development are limited. One of its main problems today lies in the field of reproduction, replenishment with qualified personnel capable of independent scientific activity. It is not easy to achieve this, because in the previous period, Russian scientists were oriented towards integration into world science in the role of a catching-up subject, repeating the patterns of Western scientific institutions. In order to change the situation, it is important to radically change the attitude towards scientists, significantly increase funding for science, show respect for the traditions that Russian science has accumulated and were in the past the foundation of its global achievements.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116512656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.7
Mikhail Osipov
The subject of research in this article is the regularities of the process of developing the scientometric policy of the university and the methodology for assessing its effectiveness. In the course of the study, it was found that in order to increase the efficiency of organizing and conducting scientific research in universities, it is necessary to have a certain scientometric policy of the university, which is a set of actions and decisions aimed at determining certain quantitative scientometric indicators both for the organization as a whole and for individual employees of the organization: how many publications should be published on behalf of the organization per year, in which publications certain articles should be published, what should be the average impact factor of the journal, where certain articles and other scientific publications should be published, how many publications are needed, how many should to be cited or what should be the Hirsch index for occupying a particular position in a scientific organization or an educational organization of higher education, what are the necessary resources to achieve the goals, what factors will contribute to the achievement of the goals and objectives of the scientometric field and which ones will hinder this and how to neutralize the hindering factors. It seems that the presence of such a scientometric policy is one of the most important conditions for increasing the efficiency of scientific research in universities. The paper also analyzed the factors influencing the effectiveness of scientometric policy in educational institutions of higher education. Ways to improve the effectiveness of scientometric policy in universities are proposed, which include the following areas: a) the availability of a specialized course dedicated to the specifics of scientific research; b) the university has a unified scientometric policy; c) overcoming myths and stereotypes in the field of scientific research and publication of their results
{"title":"Features and Problems of Developing a University Scientometric Policy","authors":"Mikhail Osipov","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of research in this article is the regularities of the process of developing the scientometric policy of the university and the methodology for assessing its effectiveness. In the course of the study, it was found that in order to increase the efficiency of organizing and conducting scientific research in universities, it is necessary to have a certain scientometric policy of the university, which is a set of actions and decisions aimed at determining certain quantitative scientometric indicators both for the organization as a whole and for individual employees of the organization: how many publications should be published on behalf of the organization per year, in which publications certain articles should be published, what should be the average impact factor of the journal, where certain articles and other scientific publications should be published, how many publications are needed, how many should to be cited or what should be the Hirsch index for occupying a particular position in a scientific organization or an educational organization of higher education, what are the necessary resources to achieve the goals, what factors will contribute to the achievement of the goals and objectives of the scientometric field and which ones will hinder this and how to neutralize the hindering factors. It seems that the presence of such a scientometric policy is one of the most important conditions for increasing the efficiency of scientific research in universities. The paper also analyzed the factors influencing the effectiveness of scientometric policy in educational institutions of higher education. Ways to improve the effectiveness of scientometric policy in universities are proposed, which include the following areas: a) the availability of a specialized course dedicated to the specifics of scientific research; b) the university has a unified scientometric policy; c) overcoming myths and stereotypes in the field of scientific research and publication of their results","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134320519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.3
I. Ganieva, G. Martynuk, G. Shepelev
The analysis of the management of large scientific and technical projects is carried out. The nuclear and space projects of the USSR, the nuclear project of the USA (Manhattan project), international and Russian megascience projects, federal scientific and technical programs (FNTP) and complex scientific and technical programs and projects (KNTP) are considered. The issues of problem formulation (substantiation of the relevance of the work), allocation of resources for projects, project implementation management are analyzed. From the examples considered, megaprojects include projects that were implemented in the USSR and the USA, some international projects of the mega-science class, and individual KNTP projects. Russian mega science projects, and most of the KNP from the point of view of management should be attributed to the class of large rather than megaprojects. It is shown that federal targeted programs, federal scientific and technical programs are rather not project-based, but process-based (they represent a set of small-scale projects that are not aimed at a common practical result), therefore they should be considered in the appropriate management logic.
{"title":"Project and Process Approaches in Science. Overview of Large Scientific and Technical Projects","authors":"I. Ganieva, G. Martynuk, G. Shepelev","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the management of large scientific and technical projects is carried out. The nuclear and space projects of the USSR, the nuclear project of the USA (Manhattan project), international and Russian megascience projects, federal scientific and technical programs (FNTP) and complex scientific and technical programs and projects (KNTP) are considered. The issues of problem formulation (substantiation of the relevance of the work), allocation of resources for projects, project implementation management are analyzed. From the examples considered, megaprojects include projects that were implemented in the USSR and the USA, some international projects of the mega-science class, and individual KNTP projects. Russian mega science projects, and most of the KNP from the point of view of management should be attributed to the class of large rather than megaprojects. It is shown that federal targeted programs, federal scientific and technical programs are rather not project-based, but process-based (they represent a set of small-scale projects that are not aimed at a common practical result), therefore they should be considered in the appropriate management logic.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115531831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.5
V. Tsvetkova, Yuliya Mokhnacheva
Approaches to the formation of a system of priority of scientific journals in the processes of certification of scientific personnel in Russia are considered. The features of a number of proposed lists of scientific journals are considered: the List of the Higher Attestation Commission, the White List, RSCI Journals, etc. and regulation of their use in the preparation of candidate and doctoral scientific papers. Attention is drawn to the division of journals in the HAC List into categories, while the K3 category is not counted when evaluating publications in the process of defending works, which creates difficulties when working with the proposed form of the of the HAC List. The target function of the White List in the volume of more than 30 thousand journal titles has not been determined. It is noted that monographs are not counted as scientific works in the defense processes, which negatively affects communication processes and the preservation of knowledge. It is noted that the proposed approaches need to be improved.
{"title":"Russian Scientific Journals in the Structure of Research Process Assessments","authors":"V. Tsvetkova, Yuliya Mokhnacheva","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Approaches to the formation of a system of priority of scientific journals in the processes of certification of scientific personnel in Russia are considered. The features of a number of proposed lists of scientific journals are considered: the List of the Higher Attestation Commission, the White List, RSCI Journals, etc. and regulation of their use in the preparation of candidate and doctoral scientific papers. Attention is drawn to the division of journals in the HAC List into categories, while the K3 category is not counted when evaluating publications in the process of defending works, which creates difficulties when working with the proposed form of the of the HAC List. The target function of the White List in the volume of more than 30 thousand journal titles has not been determined. It is noted that monographs are not counted as scientific works in the defense processes, which negatively affects communication processes and the preservation of knowledge. It is noted that the proposed approaches need to be improved.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122282677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.2
V. Klistorin
The paper discusses the problems of scientific activity effectiveness, especially the quality of scientific personnel training, formation and maintenance of creative climate in research teams, and certification of scientific workers. The majority of the works devoted to the problems of domestic science development discuss the problems of low demand for the results of research and publication activity at the international level, aging of research teams and the problem of youth flow-in into science, material and financial support of scientific research, the structure of research and its compliance with the most demanded areas of knowledge and much more. Much less attention in the scientific literature is paid to the problem of the use of human capital in science, and usually the conclusions are reduced to the problem of insufficient funding of fundamental research. The article discusses the process of training of highly qualified researchers, argues that a special role in this is played by on-the-job training, justifies the need to create conditions for the flow of scientific personnel and extensive informal cooperation of scientists. It is shown from the standpoint of the theory of human capital and special interest groups that such mechanisms to a certain extent ensure the effectiveness of scientific research. Some decisions of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation regarding the stimulation of scientific research productivity are considered. It is shown that the approaches of the Ministry in this area are reduced to the orientation of scientists to achieve formal quantitative indicators, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the quality of R&D. Moreover, the focus on quantitative indicators leads to individualization of research work, reduction of incentives for creative communication and scientific criticism. Another problem is the formation of scientific nomenclature and the growing isolation of domestic science from the world. The tightening of criteria and the increasing complexity of scientific certification procedures on the basis of the same quantitative approaches and growing centralization in decision-making lead rather to the opposite result – the quality of researchers and the effectiveness of their work are declining. The general conclusion is that the domestic science needs actual decentralization both in the choice of research topics and in the personnel policy.
{"title":"Personnel Problems in Domestic Science","authors":"V. Klistorin","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the problems of scientific activity effectiveness, especially the quality of scientific personnel training, formation and maintenance of creative climate in research teams, and certification of scientific workers. The majority of the works devoted to the problems of domestic science development discuss the problems of low demand for the results of research and publication activity at the international level, aging of research teams and the problem of youth flow-in into science, material and financial support of scientific research, the structure of research and its compliance with the most demanded areas of knowledge and much more. Much less attention in the scientific literature is paid to the problem of the use of human capital in science, and usually the conclusions are reduced to the problem of insufficient funding of fundamental research. The article discusses the process of training of highly qualified researchers, argues that a special role in this is played by on-the-job training, justifies the need to create conditions for the flow of scientific personnel and extensive informal cooperation of scientists. It is shown from the standpoint of the theory of human capital and special interest groups that such mechanisms to a certain extent ensure the effectiveness of scientific research. Some decisions of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation regarding the stimulation of scientific research productivity are considered. It is shown that the approaches of the Ministry in this area are reduced to the orientation of scientists to achieve formal quantitative indicators, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the quality of R&D. Moreover, the focus on quantitative indicators leads to individualization of research work, reduction of incentives for creative communication and scientific criticism. Another problem is the formation of scientific nomenclature and the growing isolation of domestic science from the world. The tightening of criteria and the increasing complexity of scientific certification procedures on the basis of the same quantitative approaches and growing centralization in decision-making lead rather to the opposite result – the quality of researchers and the effectiveness of their work are declining. The general conclusion is that the domestic science needs actual decentralization both in the choice of research topics and in the personnel policy.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121101443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.21
A. Kirillovykh
The article reviews the book of “Efficiency of scientific activity: criteria for legal assessment” (ed. by N.V.Putilo), published by The Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation. The book reveals the legal status of the subjects of scientific activity – a scientific organization and a scientist – in the field of research activities. The book also summarizes and systematizes the accumulated experience of regulating scientific activity in educational and scientific organizations in Russia. Considerable attention is paid to our own developed criteria (parameters) for evaluating the effectiveness of research work. The issues of scientific ethics considered by the authors as one of the key elements of scientific work are of great importance; components of new trends regarding the determination of the contribution of a scientist and a scientific organization to scientific and technological development.
{"title":"Science in the Legal Dimension. Review of the Book “Efficiency of Scientific Activity: Criteria for Legal Assessment”","authors":"A. Kirillovykh","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.21","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the book of “Efficiency of scientific activity: criteria for legal assessment” (ed. by N.V.Putilo), published by The Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation. The book reveals the legal status of the subjects of scientific activity – a scientific organization and a scientist – in the field of research activities. The book also summarizes and systematizes the accumulated experience of regulating scientific activity in educational and scientific organizations in Russia. Considerable attention is paid to our own developed criteria (parameters) for evaluating the effectiveness of research work. The issues of scientific ethics considered by the authors as one of the key elements of scientific work are of great importance; components of new trends regarding the determination of the contribution of a scientist and a scientific organization to scientific and technological development.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"284 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116441133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.11
S. Egerev
The paper discusses different versions of the definition of mobilised, isolated and hybrid scientific activity. The paper traces the evolution of mobilization projects during the Soviet epoch. The case of Gordon Research Conferences as an instrument of intensification of scientific exchanges in the isolated format is considered. Examples of contemporary successful and unsuccessful mobilization projects are presented. The success of a project depends on a correct estimation of necessary resources, on the degree of concentration of research potential, as well as on the task formulation. Re-engineering, integration and adaptation of existing solutions are preferred as feasible tasks for mobilization projects.
{"title":"Mobilised, Isolated and Hybrid Forms of Scientific Activity","authors":"S. Egerev","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses different versions of the definition of mobilised, isolated and hybrid scientific activity. The paper traces the evolution of mobilization projects during the Soviet epoch. The case of Gordon Research Conferences as an instrument of intensification of scientific exchanges in the isolated format is considered. Examples of contemporary successful and unsuccessful mobilization projects are presented. The success of a project depends on a correct estimation of necessary resources, on the degree of concentration of research potential, as well as on the task formulation. Re-engineering, integration and adaptation of existing solutions are preferred as feasible tasks for mobilization projects.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124795416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.8
I. Ivanov, Elena Churina
Conducting interdisciplinary scientific seminars in the context of a continuous process of differentiation and integration of sciences, an increasing volume of scientific information requires new approaches to their organization. Traditional methods of holding scientific seminars limit the cumulative intellectual potential of the participants and leave the discussion unfinished in the discussion of the stated topics. The structure of scientific seminars, built on the basis of the dominance of the position of the speaker over the listeners, initially predetermines their unequal status as subjects of discussion. With an increase in the number of seminar participants, the management of an expert social discussion is reduced to form and regulations, which leads to communication barriers, in fact, endowing the majority of listeners with the status of “subjectlessness”. The authors of the article propose to look for other approaches to the management of interdisciplinary scientific seminars, based on the use of a polylogue procedure and the professional identification of each participant as an equal subject of communication. Management of the course of an expert social discussion in the format of a seminar in the identification and professional self-identification of participants is possible with the use of polylogue technologies of “multi-subject” interaction, including the use of process digitalization tools. In the “new abnormal reality”, the crisis of modern Russian science actualizes the development of new methodological tools and information and communication approaches for organizing expert and social discussion in the format of an interdisciplinary scientific seminar.
{"title":"Relevance and Problems of the Procedure of Interdisciplinary Scientific Seminars","authors":"I. Ivanov, Elena Churina","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"Conducting interdisciplinary scientific seminars in the context of a continuous process of differentiation and integration of sciences, an increasing volume of scientific information requires new approaches to their organization. Traditional methods of holding scientific seminars limit the cumulative intellectual potential of the participants and leave the discussion unfinished in the discussion of the stated topics. The structure of scientific seminars, built on the basis of the dominance of the position of the speaker over the listeners, initially predetermines their unequal status as subjects of discussion. With an increase in the number of seminar participants, the management of an expert social discussion is reduced to form and regulations, which leads to communication barriers, in fact, endowing the majority of listeners with the status of “subjectlessness”. The authors of the article propose to look for other approaches to the management of interdisciplinary scientific seminars, based on the use of a polylogue procedure and the professional identification of each participant as an equal subject of communication. Management of the course of an expert social discussion in the format of a seminar in the identification and professional self-identification of participants is possible with the use of polylogue technologies of “multi-subject” interaction, including the use of process digitalization tools. In the “new abnormal reality”, the crisis of modern Russian science actualizes the development of new methodological tools and information and communication approaches for organizing expert and social discussion in the format of an interdisciplinary scientific seminar.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"2023 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120977243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.14
S. Krasilnikov
This paper analyzes the experience and practices of creating in the early 1930s under the auspices of the OGPU the first institutional form of exploitation of the intellectual potential of imprisoned specialists in the scientific and technical field in the form of special technical / constructor bureaus (OTB/OKB), or the so-called ‘sharashkas’. The phenomenon of the emergence of them and the reasons for the relative short-term nature of their existence in the structure of the security agency is considered from three positions: in the hierarchy of authorities and management, ‘sharashkas’ caused a conflict of interests of economic departments with punitive ones; on the institutional side, they did not have the potential for sustainability and prospects for development; on the personal side, the marginal status of prisoners that arose influenced the creative biographies of scientists. Despite the practice of reviving these bureaus in the future, we made a conclusion about the dysfunctional nature of their formation and activities.
{"title":"Early Soviet Forced Labor Construction Bureaus [‘Sharashkas’] as an Experiment of Combining Protective and Mobilization Practices","authors":"S. Krasilnikov","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the experience and practices of creating in the early 1930s under the auspices of the OGPU the first institutional form of exploitation of the intellectual potential of imprisoned specialists in the scientific and technical field in the form of special technical / constructor bureaus (OTB/OKB), or the so-called ‘sharashkas’. The phenomenon of the emergence of them and the reasons for the relative short-term nature of their existence in the structure of the security agency is considered from three positions: in the hierarchy of authorities and management, ‘sharashkas’ caused a conflict of interests of economic departments with punitive ones; on the institutional side, they did not have the potential for sustainability and prospects for development; on the personal side, the marginal status of prisoners that arose influenced the creative biographies of scientists. Despite the practice of reviving these bureaus in the future, we made a conclusion about the dysfunctional nature of their formation and activities.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133306455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.16
A. Shastitko, A. Kurdin
Potential changes in economic science under the conditions of mobilization processes in the economy and society are considered. The main questions that arise before the scientific community because of these processes are formulated, options for answers to them are proposed, and the prospects for economic science in the new conditions are also indicated. The article systematizes the composition of external stakeholders of scientific activity and their interests, identifies potential changes in the mechanisms for coordinating their interaction with the scientific community.
{"title":"The Mobilization Mode in the Economic Science","authors":"A. Shastitko, A. Kurdin","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"Potential changes in economic science under the conditions of mobilization processes in the economy and society are considered. The main questions that arise before the scientific community because of these processes are formulated, options for answers to them are proposed, and the prospects for economic science in the new conditions are also indicated. The article systematizes the composition of external stakeholders of scientific activity and their interests, identifies potential changes in the mechanisms for coordinating their interaction with the scientific community.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125142968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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