Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.3
Irina Ganieva, G.V. Shepelev
We consider intellectual activity results (IAR) of scientific organizations in the context of intellectual property protection and as one of the indicators of their effectiveness. The data characterizing Russia’s place in the world rankings in terms of the number of patent applications and the number of applications per 1 million people are presented, and a conclusion is made about the relatively low activity in protecting IAR in comparison with the leaders of the ratings. The authors have conducted an analysis of normative legal acts (NLA) on the consolidation and transfer of rights to IAR, as well as NLA that characterize IAR in terms of the effectiveness of research activity, as well as of the certification of researchers. It is concluded that the current system of NLA does not impede or discourage the work of scientific organizations with IAR. It is shown that NLA related to the evaluation of the effectiveness of scientific institutions should also stimulate their active work with IAR. At the same time, the available statistical data on the share of research organizations in patent applications filed and licenses sold indicate that their activity in promoting IAR in the real sector of the economy is on average more than twice lower than in Russia as a whole. It is assumed that the evolving situation regarding working with IAR is determined by economic factors. We have outlined ways for further research on factors that can significantly affect the activity of scientific organizations in working with the promotion of IAR, in particular, to assess the potential demand for IAR and the prospective value of IAR from the points of view of the seller and the buyer.
{"title":"Promotion of Intellectual Activity Results of Scientific Organizations. Regulatory Framework and Statistics","authors":"Irina Ganieva, G.V. Shepelev","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"We consider intellectual activity results (IAR) of scientific organizations in the context of intellectual property protection and as one of the indicators of their effectiveness. The data characterizing Russia’s place in the world rankings in terms of the number of patent applications and the number of applications per 1 million people are presented, and a conclusion is made about the relatively low activity in protecting IAR in comparison with the leaders of the ratings. The authors have conducted an analysis of normative legal acts (NLA) on the consolidation and transfer of rights to IAR, as well as NLA that characterize IAR in terms of the effectiveness of research activity, as well as of the certification of researchers. It is concluded that the current system of NLA does not impede or discourage the work of scientific organizations with IAR. It is shown that NLA related to the evaluation of the effectiveness of scientific institutions should also stimulate their active work with IAR. At the same time, the available statistical data on the share of research organizations in patent applications filed and licenses sold indicate that their activity in promoting IAR in the real sector of the economy is on average more than twice lower than in Russia as a whole. It is assumed that the evolving situation regarding working with IAR is determined by economic factors. We have outlined ways for further research on factors that can significantly affect the activity of scientific organizations in working with the promotion of IAR, in particular, to assess the potential demand for IAR and the prospective value of IAR from the points of view of the seller and the buyer.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.1
Vladimir Krivoruchko
The article presents the details of ideas and proposals announced by the author in 2021 within the framework of the round table of the “Science Management: Theory and Practice” journal (on the topic “Science in an Innovative Economy”). The proposed measures are considered as increasingly relevant in the face of the long-term confrontation with the ‘collective West’ which is striving for scientific and technological isolation of contemporary Russia. The first part of the article gives an overview of the developments and trends observed both among Russian researchers, including scholars in science studies, and in the field of state regulation of scientific, academic and technological activities, as well as provides a critical analysis of organizational and legal aspects and practices of interaction between models of a ‘qualified customer’ and a ‘qualified contractor’ of scientific research and development. According to the results of the analysis, the author justifies the conclusion about the need for separation of scientific activities in present-day Russia. Separation is understood as the process of concentration and rational differentiation of the proper ‘scientific’ and then scientific and technological activities from the related quasi-scientific fields. The appropriate legal and organizational measures serve as the separator (separation mechanism) in this context. It is proposed to develop and implement them in the near future with the direct participation of Russian researchers endowed with state responsibility and the appropriate powers and authority.
{"title":"On the Separation of Scientific Activity and the State-owned Corporate Form of Science Management in Contemporary Russia. Part 1","authors":"Vladimir Krivoruchko","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the details of ideas and proposals announced by the author in 2021 within the framework of the round table of the “Science Management: Theory and Practice” journal (on the topic “Science in an Innovative Economy”). The proposed measures are considered as increasingly relevant in the face of the long-term confrontation with the ‘collective West’ which is striving for scientific and technological isolation of contemporary Russia.\u0000The first part of the article gives an overview of the developments and trends observed both among Russian researchers, including scholars in science studies, and in the field of state regulation of scientific, academic and technological activities, as well as provides a critical analysis of organizational and legal aspects and practices of interaction between models of a ‘qualified customer’ and a ‘qualified contractor’ of scientific research and development. According to the results of the analysis, the author justifies the conclusion about the need for separation of scientific activities in present-day Russia.\u0000Separation is understood as the process of concentration and rational differentiation of the proper ‘scientific’ and then scientific and technological activities from the related quasi-scientific fields. The appropriate legal and organizational measures serve as the separator (separation mechanism) in this context. It is proposed to develop and implement them in the near future with the direct participation of Russian researchers endowed with state responsibility and the appropriate powers and authority.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.6
Marina M. Fil’
The article deals with the methods of state management of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in the period 1960–1991. It also provides examples related to organizational reforming and the party’s management of academic science in 1960–1989. It is noted that the directive state management of science in the Soviet Union sometimes did not yield the necessary results, and in some areas led to a underdevelopment in comparison with the leading countries (for instance, in the field of computer technology). While developments in the field of natural and technical sciences generally received the support of higher authorities due to the need to constantly deal with the issues of the national defense capability, research in the domain of social sciences was not well funded and was under close ideological control from the Communist Party. The discussed initiatives on the foundation of the Academy of Sciences of the RSFSR, the proposed models of its organization and features of its legal status are considered. The work offers insight into the chronicle of the transformation of the USSR Academy of Sciences into the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1989–1991. The author concludes that, in the opinion of the Russian Academy of Sciences, its main achievement at the time of its reactivation was the transition to new principles of activity — broad self-government and property independence. They were enshrined in the Decree of the President of the RSFSR No. 228 and consistent with the spirit of the age. The RAS fought for the preservation of these principles until 2013. But this is a completely different story.
{"title":"The State Policy of the USSR in Relation to the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in the Second Half of the 20th Century. The Organizational and Legal Aspect","authors":"Marina M. Fil’","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the methods of state management of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in the period 1960–1991. It also provides examples related to organizational reforming and the party’s management of academic science in 1960–1989. It is noted that the directive state management of science in the Soviet Union sometimes did not yield the necessary results, and in some areas led to a underdevelopment in comparison with the leading countries (for instance, in the field of computer technology). While developments in the field of natural and technical sciences generally received the support of higher authorities due to the need to constantly deal with the issues of the national defense capability, research in the domain of social sciences was not well funded and was under close ideological control from the Communist Party. The discussed initiatives on the foundation of the Academy of Sciences of the RSFSR, the proposed models of its organization and features of its legal status are considered. The work offers insight into the chronicle of the transformation of the USSR Academy of Sciences into the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1989–1991.\u0000The author concludes that, in the opinion of the Russian Academy of Sciences, its main achievement at the time of its reactivation was the transition to new principles of activity — broad self-government and property independence. They were enshrined in the Decree of the President of the RSFSR No. 228 and consistent with the spirit of the age. The RAS fought for the preservation of these principles until 2013. But this is a completely different story.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":" 1112","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.11
Tatiana Eremenko
The author reviews a textbook written by Vadim N.Gureyev and Nikolay A.Mazov (Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of the SB RAS). The review notes the scale of content coverage, good organization of the material, high relevance and novelty of the information presented in the textbook. From the perspective of a researcher and university lecturer, the reviewer examines certain aspects of five chapters of the textbook, which provide characteristics of modern publishers of academic literature, databases of scientific publications and journals, identifiers for research works and authors, classification systems of scientific knowledge and bibliometric indicators. The review emphasizes the uniqueness of the publication as a kind of professional reference book for researchers, from young authors to established scholars. The methodological part of the textbook and its auxiliary apparatus are characterized positively. The presentation of the material shows a combination of logic and conciseness, which illustrates the principle of necessity and sufficiency when selecting content to achieve the stated purpose of the educational publication and provides readers with quick access to necessary information. The reviewer gives reasons of the wide readership of the publication, including its undoubted value for library workers and expresses a wish to present materials that deal with researcher’s information retrieval tools in the form of a separate structural part of the textbook. The work is assessed as a relevant authors’ contribution to the series of, so far, few educational publications in the field of research communications. The review is accompanied by a bibliographic list of the most significant works co-authored by V.N.Gureyev and N.A.Mazov.
作者对 Vadim N.Gureyev 和 Nikolay A.Mazov（俄罗斯科学院特罗菲穆克石油地质和地球物理研究所）编写的教科书进行了评论。评论指出，教科书的内容覆盖面广，材料组织合理，信息具有高度相关性和新颖性。从研究人员和大学讲师的角度，审稿人对教科书五个章节的某些方面进行了审查，这些章节介绍了现代学术文献出版商、科学出版物和期刊数据库、研究成果和作者标识符、科学知识分类系统和文献计量指标的特点。评论强调了该出版物作为研究人员（从年轻作者到资深学者）专业参考书的独特性。教科书的方法论部分及其辅助工具都得到了肯定。教材的编排体现了逻辑性和简洁性的结合，说明了在选择内容时的必要性和充分性原则，以实现教育出版物的既定目标，并为读者提供快速获取必要信息的途径。评论者给出了该出版物读者广泛的理由，包括其对图书馆工作者的价值毋庸置疑，并表示希望以教科书单独结构部分的形式介绍涉及研究人员信息检索工具的材料。迄今为止，研究交流领域的教育出版物为数不多，而该作品被认为是作者对这一系列教育出版物的相关贡献。评论附有维-尼-古列耶夫和尼-阿-马佐夫合著的最重要作品的书目清单。
{"title":"A Textbook for Researchers. Review of the Textbook “Information Resources and Tools in the Researcher’s Work” by V. N. Gureyev and N. A. Mazov","authors":"Tatiana Eremenko","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"The author reviews a textbook written by Vadim N.Gureyev and Nikolay A.Mazov (Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of the SB RAS). The review notes the scale of content coverage, good organization of the material, high relevance and novelty of the information presented in the textbook. From the perspective of a researcher and university lecturer, the reviewer examines certain aspects of five chapters of the textbook, which provide characteristics of modern publishers of academic literature, databases of scientific publications and journals, identifiers for research works and authors, classification systems of scientific knowledge and bibliometric indicators. The review emphasizes the uniqueness of the publication as a kind of professional reference book for researchers, from young authors to established scholars. The methodological part of the textbook and its auxiliary apparatus are characterized positively. The presentation of the material shows a combination of logic and conciseness, which illustrates the principle of necessity and sufficiency when selecting content to achieve the stated purpose of the educational publication and provides readers with quick access to necessary information. The reviewer gives reasons of the wide readership of the publication, including its undoubted value for library workers and expresses a wish to present materials that deal with researcher’s information retrieval tools in the form of a separate structural part of the textbook. The work is assessed as a relevant authors’ contribution to the series of, so far, few educational publications in the field of research communications. The review is accompanied by a bibliographic list of the most significant works co-authored by V.N.Gureyev and N.A.Mazov.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":" 414","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.4
G. Shepelev
The model of management in the scientific sector presented in the previous article, as well as some alternative models applied to the organization of science management are used to interpret various statistical data. The article also considers intersectoral comparisons of science financing in countries of different levels of economic development, including the costs of basic research. It is shown that the correlation between science costs and gross domestic product (GDP) is 32.9% in more than 120 countries of the world and GDP per capita is 50.9%. They are not statistically significant. On average, the share of basic study costs in domestic research and development expenses does not depend on the level of wealth of countries. This allows us to conclude in favor of a mutually consistent management model in the scientific sector. The author analyzes the dynamics of the number of researchers and small enterprises in the sector of science and scientific services, as well as the dynamics of the number of academic employees in the sectors of science in the 1990s. It is demonstrated that the decrease in their number mainly occurred in the applied sectors and to a lesser extent in the fundamental research sector. These data are described more fully by the proposed mutually consistent model of science than by the alternative models. Possible adjustments in the organization of the scientific sector management system are examined, including in terms of changes in input impacts on the science sector, output indicators characterizing its effectiveness, as well as changes in the organization of the scientific sector and management bodies, which follow from the considered mutually agreed management model in this sector of the economy.
{"title":"A Model for Describing the Management Processes in the Scientific Sector. Verification","authors":"G. Shepelev","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The model of management in the scientific sector presented in the previous article, as well as some alternative models applied to the organization of science management are used to interpret various statistical data. The article also considers intersectoral comparisons of science financing in countries of different levels of economic development, including the costs of basic research. It is shown that the correlation between science costs and gross domestic product (GDP) is 32.9% in more than 120 countries of the world and GDP per capita is 50.9%. They are not statistically significant. On average, the share of basic study costs in domestic research and development expenses does not depend on the level of wealth of countries. This allows us to conclude in favor of a mutually consistent management model in the scientific sector. The author analyzes the dynamics of the number of researchers and small enterprises in the sector of science and scientific services, as well as the dynamics of the number of academic employees in the sectors of science in the 1990s. It is demonstrated that the decrease in their number mainly occurred in the applied sectors and to a lesser extent in the fundamental research sector. These data are described more fully by the proposed mutually consistent model of science than by the alternative models. Possible adjustments in the organization of the scientific sector management system are examined, including in terms of changes in input impacts on the science sector, output indicators characterizing its effectiveness, as well as changes in the organization of the scientific sector and management bodies, which follow from the considered mutually agreed management model in this sector of the economy.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":" 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.5
N. Putilo
The article examines topical issues in regulation and organization of academic activities, which are related to the more than 100-year history of functioning of one of the oldest research institutions in the country – the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation. In the course of the study of archival materials and available publications by the Institute’s employees, some original and currently relevant proposals and hypotheses were identified. They are concerning the organization of research, the direct implementation of academic activities, as well as relations in the field of science subject to legal regulation (in particular, those related to: the distinction of legislation on the scientific and technical process as an independent part in the system of national law in the 1960s; the impossibility of scheduling scientific discoveries; the need to involve researchers (the object of control) in the management process; the “probabilistic” nature of research and the infeasibility of standardization in research work as is the case with setting norms in industrial production; the incorrectness of identification of administrative management in science with academic advising as a specific phenomenon, etc.). These remain relevant to this day. An attempt has been made to correlate the developments of the team of the particular academic organization with the sociopolitical situation in the corresponding historical period and the dominant scientific positions.
{"title":"Jurisprudence for the Development of Science: Ideas that Should Not Be Forgotten (To the 100th Anniversary of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the RF)","authors":"N. Putilo","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines topical issues in regulation and organization of academic activities, which are related to the more than 100-year history of functioning of one of the oldest research institutions in the country – the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation. In the course of the study of archival materials and available publications by the Institute’s employees, some original and currently relevant proposals and hypotheses were identified. They are concerning the organization of research, the direct implementation of academic activities, as well as relations in the field of science subject to legal regulation (in particular, those related to: the distinction of legislation on the scientific and technical process as an independent part in the system of national law in the 1960s; the impossibility of scheduling scientific discoveries; the need to involve researchers (the object of control) in the management process; the “probabilistic” nature of research and the infeasibility of standardization in research work as is the case with setting norms in industrial production; the incorrectness of identification of administrative management in science with academic advising as a specific phenomenon, etc.). These remain relevant to this day. An attempt has been made to correlate the developments of the team of the particular academic organization with the sociopolitical situation in the corresponding historical period and the dominant scientific positions.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":" 1018","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.7
E. Osadchuk
The article presents the results of a generalization of the practical activities of companies developing and/or implementing artificial intelligence technologies (hereinafter referred to as AI), as well as companies that use these technologies: what scenarios for the use of AI technologies exist and in which industries, what kind of problems organizations implementing AI face, how members of the expert community of the artificial intelligence sphere consider solving these issues and what the state bodies offer. As to the state’s policy regarding the development of artificial intelligence, the article contains information about the factors built in the updated national AI development strategy, reflects the relations between AI technologies and state sovereignty, demonstrates the impact of artificial intelligence on the competitiveness of a company and human creativity. The article also presents the main instructions of the government of the Russian Federation on the development of artificial intelligence, some statistical data on the use of AI in economic and social sectors. It identifies measures to support developers and “implementers” of AI technologies offered by development institutions within the framework of the federal project “Artificial Intelligence” as a part of the national program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”. Much attention is paid to the issue of human resourcing in the AI sphere – what kind of specialists companies need, what their level of training should be and what they should be able to do, what requirements are imposed on AI teachers, what leading companies ask applicants for interviews and what the trajectory of “growing” talents in the field of artificial intelligence is. The final part of the article provides recommendations to students on how to prepare for the widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies.
{"title":"Introduction of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Russian Economy: A Practitioner’s View","authors":"E. Osadchuk","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a generalization of the practical activities of companies developing and/or implementing artificial intelligence technologies (hereinafter referred to as AI), as well as companies that use these technologies: what scenarios for the use of AI technologies exist and in which industries, what kind of problems organizations implementing AI face, how members of the expert community of the artificial intelligence sphere consider solving these issues and what the state bodies offer.\u0000As to the state’s policy regarding the development of artificial intelligence, the article contains information about the factors built in the updated national AI development strategy, reflects the relations between AI technologies and state sovereignty, demonstrates the impact of artificial intelligence on the competitiveness of a company and human creativity.\u0000The article also presents the main instructions of the government of the Russian Federation on the development of artificial intelligence, some statistical data on the use of AI in economic and social sectors. It identifies measures to support developers and “implementers” of AI technologies offered by development institutions within the framework of the federal project “Artificial Intelligence” as a part of the national program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”.\u0000Much attention is paid to the issue of human resourcing in the AI sphere – what kind of specialists companies need, what their level of training should be and what they should be able to do, what requirements are imposed on AI teachers, what leading companies ask applicants for interviews and what the trajectory of “growing” talents in the field of artificial intelligence is.\u0000The final part of the article provides recommendations to students on how to prepare for the widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":" 1238","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.12
Alexandr Stepanov
The article analyzes the multidisciplinary textbook “Digital State and Economy” edited by the researchers of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation Stanislav E.Prokofiev, Olga V.Panina and Konstantin V.Kharchenko. The need to publish such textbooks is justified as a way to solve the problem of insufficiently systematic practical use of new terms, such as ‘digitalization’ and ‘digital transformation’, without their proper conceptual understanding. A brief review of similar works published in recent years suggests that the reviewed textbook is large-scale in terms of the coverage of the problem and its interpretation. The reviewer highlights the advantages of this publication. They consist in a clear and systematic interpretation of key concepts and a structured presentation of the material. For the sake of discussion, the author points out the expediency of changing the title of the textbook in the preparation of future editions, the possibility of compiling and publishing a tutorial as an addition to the textbook, as well as the need to equalize the level of tweaking certain chapters and paragraphs. The conclusion is made about the usefulness of the textbook for students who major in state and municipal management.
{"title":"Digitalization of Public Administration and Economy: Terminological Clarity as a Factor of Success of Digital Development. Review of the Textbook “Digital State and Economy” Edited by S. E. Prokofiev, O. V. Panina and K. V. Kharchenko","authors":"Alexandr Stepanov","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the multidisciplinary textbook “Digital State and Economy” edited by the researchers of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation Stanislav E.Prokofiev, Olga V.Panina and Konstantin V.Kharchenko. The need to publish such textbooks is justified as a way to solve the problem of insufficiently systematic practical use of new terms, such as ‘digitalization’ and ‘digital transformation’, without their proper conceptual understanding. A brief review of similar works published in recent years suggests that the reviewed textbook is large-scale in terms of the coverage of the problem and its interpretation. The reviewer highlights the advantages of this publication. They consist in a clear and systematic interpretation of key concepts and a structured presentation of the material. For the sake of discussion, the author points out the expediency of changing the title of the textbook in the preparation of future editions, the possibility of compiling and publishing a tutorial as an addition to the textbook, as well as the need to equalize the level of tweaking certain chapters and paragraphs. The conclusion is made about the usefulness of the textbook for students who major in state and municipal management.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":" 740","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.10
Vladimir Gerasimov, Svetlana Kodaneva
The article provides information about the 6th International research-to-practice conference “Greater Eurasia: National and Civilizational Aspects of Development and Cooperation”. We primarily focus on reports related to determining the place and role of science and education in modernization, innovative and technological development and cooperation between the EAEU countries and other states of Greater Eurasia, including the goals and objectives of modernizing the scientific complex of these countries, priorities of research, the role of the academic community in the formation of a strategic management system, global trends in scientific and technological development, new forms of interaction between science and education, mechanisms for stimulating the development of science and evaluating results of research activities. A significant part of the overview discusses reports on the issues of artificial intelligence. The reporters consider the prospects for using AI in mathematical research, fundamental physics, biology, crystallography and inorganic chemistry, natural language processing, medicine, education, etc. They also characterize the relationship between natural and artificial intelligence, as well as the state of legal regulation of AI at the international level and in the national legislation of the Russian Federation.
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Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.2
Askar Aryngazin
Shifting from the description of landscape of the science and education system presented in the first part of the work as well as from identification of some values of the governing body (all these are needed for a situational study of trends, strengths and weaknesses), in this article we examine the system in a country case to find measures to overcome its accompanying nature with respect to economy. This is manifested in the diversion of management from what researchers and developers do, what they need, where and what goals to set, how to use the results obtained in the field of science and technology for the benefit of society, economy and person. By connecting the system to key building blocks, as well as functions and values they deliver, of a much broader innovation ecosystem, we are setting its next-generation outlines on the agenda. Systematic implementation of policies is based on a long-term vision, strategy and medium-term plans in the field of science, technology and innovation. Strategic decision-making requires greater clarity of the outlines of the future as a professional, and not just a political, consensus of stakeholders. To this end, taking into account the significantly increased pace and changed mechanism of technological renewal which have an impact on competitiveness, we use the method proposed by Startup Genome for ranking startup ecosystems. This method also identifies four stages of the ecosystem life cycle: activation, globalization, attractiveness and integration. We rely on concepts, historical and current practical examples to give high-level characteristics and formulate criteria and tasks for transformation of the startup ecosystem as a part of innovation ecosystem.
{"title":"Outlines of the Science and Technology System: A Look into the Past for Forming Policy for the Development of the Next Generation Ecosystem. Part 2","authors":"Askar Aryngazin","doi":"10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2024.6.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Shifting from the description of landscape of the science and education system presented in the first part of the work as well as from identification of some values of the governing body (all these are needed for a situational study of trends, strengths and weaknesses), in this article we examine the system in a country case to find measures to overcome its accompanying nature with respect to economy. This is manifested in the diversion of management from what researchers and developers do, what they need, where and what goals to set, how to use the results obtained in the field of science and technology for the benefit of society, economy and person. By connecting the system to key building blocks, as well as functions and values they deliver, of a much broader innovation ecosystem, we are setting its next-generation outlines on the agenda. Systematic implementation of policies is based on a long-term vision, strategy and medium-term plans in the field of science, technology and innovation. Strategic decision-making requires greater clarity of the outlines of the future as a professional, and not just a political, consensus of stakeholders. To this end, taking into account the significantly increased pace and changed mechanism of technological renewal which have an impact on competitiveness, we use the method proposed by Startup Genome for ranking startup ecosystems. This method also identifies four stages of the ecosystem life cycle: activation, globalization, attractiveness and integration. We rely on concepts, historical and current practical examples to give high-level characteristics and formulate criteria and tasks for transformation of the startup ecosystem as a part of innovation ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":433804,"journal":{"name":"Science Management: Theory and Practice","volume":" 654","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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