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The new words kids hear from translated picturebooks. 孩子们从翻译的绘本中听到的新单词。
IF 0.5 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.21248/l1esll.2022.22.1.393
Luísa Araújo, Sara de Almeida Leite, Rita Brito, Sandrina Esteves
This study shows how the language in translated picturebooks is enriched by the use of rare words. We document how the translation of picturebooks from English to Portuguese results in the use of rare words in Portuguese. Evidence indicates that children learn new vocabulary through readings of picturebooks (Noble et al., 2019) and that translators make choices that contribute to the use of rare words (Ketola, 2018). The sample of 86 picturebooks was selected from a list recommended by the Portuguese national reading plan for 3-5-year-olds. The identification of rare words was done using a frequency analysis in both Portuguese, using ESCOLEX, and English, using the ChildFreq tool. Findings indicate that translated picturebooks use rich and varied lexicon and include an average of 6.6 rare words. Twenty-two percent of these words originate from literal and non-literal translations and are not rare in the original texts. This indicates that the process of translation contributes to increasing children's exposure to rare words.
这项研究表明,翻译绘本中的语言是如何通过使用生僻词汇而丰富的。我们记录了从英语到葡萄牙语的绘本翻译如何导致葡萄牙语中使用罕见的单词。有证据表明,儿童通过阅读绘本来学习新词汇(Noble et al., 2019),译者做出的选择有助于使用生僻词汇(Ketola, 2018)。86本绘本样本是从葡萄牙3-5岁儿童国家阅读计划推荐的清单中挑选出来的。使用ESCOLEX对葡萄牙语和使用ChildFreq工具的英语进行频率分析,对罕见词进行识别。研究结果表明,翻译后的绘本词汇丰富多样,平均包含6.6个生僻词汇。这些单词中有22%来自字面和非字面翻译,在原文中并不罕见。这表明翻译过程有助于增加儿童接触生僻词汇的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Teaching verb spelling through explicit direct instruction 通过明确的直接指导来教授动词拼写
IF 0.5 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.21248/l1esll.2022.22.1.379
Robert Chamalaun, A. Bosman, M. Ernestus
Homophonous verb forms are notoriously difficult to spell. Two intervention studies - one with secondary-school students and one with university students - compared the effectiveness of an Explicit Direct Instruction (EDI) teaching approach that was very interactive with traditional instruction (TI) on Dutch homophonous verb spelling. The two approaches differ in the attention dedicated to the identification of the grammatical functions of verb forms and in the teacher’s guidance of the students, which affects the interactivity during the classes. Students were pre-tested and post-tested on their knowledge of grammar and spelling of homophonous verb forms embedded in sentences. Both the EDI and the TI courses consisted of 4.5 hours of training. Secondary-school students’ verb-spelling performance improved, irrespective of the type of instruction. University students’ verb-spelling performance increased after both interventions, probably resulting from their improved grammatical knowledge. Importantly, the EDI students’ performance increased more than the TI students’ performance because the EDI students had learnt to rely more on their grammatical knowledge or make better use of their increased grammatical mastery. These results are in line with our hypothesis that the explicit interactivity that is inherent to EDI is beneficial for teaching verb spelling to students beyond primary-school level, who already possess some grammatical knowledge.
同音动词形式是出了名的难拼写。两项干预研究——一项针对中学生,另一项针对大学生——比较了显性直接教学(EDI)与传统教学(TI)在荷兰语同音动词拼写方面的效果。这两种教学方法的不同之处在于对动词形式语法功能识别的重视程度和教师对学生的指导程度,从而影响了课堂上的互动性。学生们在语法知识和句子中同音动词形式的拼写方面进行了前测和后测。EDI和TI课程都包括4.5小时的培训。无论何种教学方式,中学生的动词拼写成绩都有所提高。两种干预后,大学生的动词拼写表现都有所提高,这可能是由于他们的语法知识有所提高。重要的是,EDI学生的表现比TI学生的表现提高得更多,因为EDI学生学会了更多地依靠他们的语法知识,或者更好地利用他们对语法的掌握。这些结果与我们的假设一致,即EDI固有的显式交互性有利于向小学以上水平的学生教授动词拼写,这些学生已经掌握了一些语法知识。
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引用次数: 2
Teacher and student perceptions of L1-oral language lessons in Dutch secondary education 教师和学生对荷兰中学l1 -口语课程的看法
IF 0.5 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.21248/l1esll.2022.22.1.376
Anneke Wurth, Dineke E. H. Tigelaar, H. Hulshof, J. D. de Jong, W. Admiraal
Little is known about contemporary L1-oral language lesson practices in secondary education. In The Netherlands experts work on an upcoming L1-educational reform. In this study, we investigate teachers’ and students’ perceptions of contemporary L1-oral language lesson practices as well as the underlying rationales of these lessons. Eleven L1-teachers were interviewed and 212 of their students completed a digital questionnaire. Both teachers and their students mentioned L1-oral language education is important, even though in most cases it forms a rather small part of the L1-curriculum. In general, both groups reported that in L1-oral language lessons attention is paid to cognitive (such as rhetoric and argumentation theory), linguistic and presentational content elements. Teachers also reported that they teach their students how to use feedback and how to give constructive peer feedback. Both teachers and students considered practising and receiving feedback as mutually reinforcing for developing oral language skills. However, due to shortage of time in the lessons, teachers and students in particular, expressed concerns about having insufficient opportunity to practise oral language skills. The teachers reported two other hindrances for good L1-oral language teaching: difficulties with organizing a safe learning environment and valid assessment procedures. These barriers have to be taken into account when designing educational innovations for L1-oral language lessons.
我们对当代中学英语口语课程的实践了解甚少。在荷兰,专家们致力于即将到来的l1教育改革。在这项研究中,我们调查了教师和学生对当代英语口语课程实践的看法,以及这些课程的基本原理。11位l1老师接受了采访,212名学生完成了一份数字问卷。老师和他们的学生都提到l1 -口语教育很重要,尽管在大多数情况下它只占l1课程的一小部分。总的来说,这两个小组都报告说,在l1 -口语课程中,关注的是认知(如修辞学和论证理论)、语言和表象内容元素。教师们还报告说,他们教学生如何使用反馈,以及如何给予建设性的同伴反馈。老师和学生都认为练习和接受反馈对口语技能的发展是相辅相成的。然而,由于课程时间不足,特别是教师和学生,对没有足够的机会练习口语技能表示担忧。教师们报告了良好的l1 -口语教学的另外两个障碍:难以组织一个安全的学习环境和有效的评估程序。在设计l1 -口语课程的教学创新时,必须考虑到这些障碍。
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引用次数: 1
Measuring epistemic beliefs about grammar 测量关于语法的认知信念
IF 0.5 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-02-08 DOI: 10.21248/l1esll.2022.22.1.362
A. Wijnands, J. V. van Rijt, P. Coppen
In current educational reform much attention is paid to the development of awareness, reflective thinking, and higher order thinking. In language education, the importance of reflectivity for stimulating linguistic awareness and higher order thinking has been emphasized. Crucial for reflective thinking are the underlying assumptions individuals have regarding the nature of knowledge and knowing, so-called epistemic beliefs. Measuring these beliefs is problematic in the domain of language education, where little is known about students’ epistemic beliefs about grammar. This study aims to develop an instrument for measuring students’ epistemic beliefs in the L1 grammar domain. We therefore transposed a questionnaire for measuring beliefs about history into the domain of grammar. Seven linguistic experts and 300 pre-university students from the Netherlands and Belgium completed this questionnaire about grammar. Exploratory factor analysis extracted two factors, which we argue reflect convergent and divergent thinking. This study shows that students’ scores on convergent thinking are higher than the experts’ scores, and that students’ scores on divergent thinking are lower than the experts’ scores. The results also show that students’ scores on epistemic beliefs on divergent thinking are higher than their scores on epistemic beliefs on convergent thinking. Possible explanations for these observations are discussed.
在当前的教育改革中,人们非常重视培养学生的意识、反思性思维和高级思维。在语言教育中,反思性对于激发语言意识和高阶思维的重要性一直被强调。反思性思维的关键是个人对知识和认知的本质所拥有的基本假设,即所谓的认知信念。在语言教育领域,测量这些信念是有问题的,因为我们对学生对语法的认知信念知之甚少。本研究旨在开发一种测量学生在母语语法领域的认知信念的工具。因此,我们把一份用来衡量人们对历史的看法的问卷转到了语法领域。来自荷兰和比利时的七位语言学专家和300名大学预科生完成了这份关于语法的调查问卷。探索性因子分析提取了两个因子,我们认为这两个因子反映了收敛性思维和发散性思维。本研究表明,学生的收敛性思维得分高于专家的得分,而学生的发散性思维得分低于专家的得分。结果还表明,学生在发散性思维的认知信念得分高于收敛性思维的认知信念得分。对这些观察结果的可能解释进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 3
Understanding L1 and L2 teachers’ talk about ‘digitalisation’ 理解L1和L2老师谈论的“数字化”
IF 0.5 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-02-08 DOI: 10.21248/l1esll.2022.22.1.361
Petra Magnusson
In Sweden, The Swedish national strategy for the digitalisation of the educational system has led to a vast number of projects. This study builds on material from a continuing professional development project among L1 and L2 teachers in Swedish on a local school level. The aim is to contribute to the understanding of how the teachers perceive the integration of digital technology in the educational practice by deconstructing their discussions in a Critical discourse analysis perspective. Research questions: 1) What perceptions about the integration of digital technology in the educational practice can be discerned? 2) How are these perceptions related to the teaching profession and the teaching of Swedish? and 3) How do the teachers build their understanding through the discussions? The study shows how a discourse of challenges dominates the teachers’ discussions and that the integration of digital technology in the educational practice is partly perceived as a threat to the teaching profession and, to some extent, the teaching of Swedish. A key finding is that in the way the discussions are enacted, ‘digitalisation’ becomes the reason for what happens. Consequently, the abstraction of ‘digitalisation’ seems to be a hindrance to the development work.
在瑞典,瑞典教育系统数字化的国家战略导致了大量的项目。本研究以当地学校一级瑞典语第一和第二语言教师持续专业发展项目的材料为基础。目的是通过从批判性话语分析的角度解构教师的讨论,帮助理解教师如何看待数字技术在教育实践中的整合。研究问题:1)人们对数字技术在教育实践中的整合有什么看法?2)这些看法与教学专业和瑞典语教学有什么关系?3)教师如何通过讨论建立理解?该研究显示了挑战的话语如何主导教师的讨论,以及数字技术在教育实践中的整合在一定程度上被视为对教师职业的威胁,在某种程度上,对瑞典语教学的威胁。一个关键的发现是,在讨论实施的方式中,“数字化”成为了发生的事情的原因。因此,抽象的“数字化”似乎是开发工作的障碍。
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引用次数: 0
The case of 'Yummy Yummy' - a replication of an intervention program “Yummy Yummy”案例——一个干预项目的复制
IF 0.5 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.17239/l1esll-2021.21.01.16
Alisa Amir, Hilla Atkin, Gert Rijlaarsdam
The current experimental study replicates and expands on the Yummy Yummy intervention study focusing on the role of observation in learning-to-write (Rijlaarsdam et al., 2008, 2009) that included 210 grade-7 students in seven classes from seven schools who were randomly assigned to one of two intervention roles: “readers” (tasked with text selection and discussion) or “observers” (tasked with observing readers to distill criteria they employ in their discussion). Effects of role condition were assessed by comparing the revisions students made in their texts, and with a questionnaire designed to assess students’ perceived learning experiences, particularly the extent of their learning during the intervention program and their explanations for their assertions. The results were consistent with the original study: revised writing products showed that observers outperformed readers, particularly in the domain of rhetoric. Additionally, observers self-reported higher levels of procedural knowledge acquisition compared to readers, while readers self-reported higher levels of declarative knowledge acquisition. The Yummy Yummy – observational learning replicated intervention program resulted in higher quality writing and had a differential impact on students' perceived learning.
当前的实验研究复制并扩展了关注观察在学习写作中的作用的Yummy Yummy干预研究(Rijlaarsdam et al., 2008,2009),该研究包括来自七所学校七个班级的210名七年级学生,他们被随机分配到两个干预角色中的一个:“读者”(负责文本选择和讨论)或“观察者”(负责观察读者,提炼他们在讨论中使用的标准)。角色条件的影响是通过比较学生对课文的修改,以及一份旨在评估学生感知学习经历的问卷来评估的,特别是他们在干预计划期间的学习程度和他们对自己主张的解释。结果与最初的研究一致:修改后的写作产品表明,观察者的表现优于读者,尤其是在修辞领域。此外,观察者自述的程序性知识习得水平高于阅读者,而阅读者自述的陈述性知识习得水平更高。Yummy Yummy -观察学习复制干预方案提高了学生的写作质量,并对学生的感知学习产生了不同的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Function and use of literary texts in Nordic schools 北欧学校文学文本的功能和使用
IF 0.5 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.17239/l1esll-2021.21.02.10
Anna Nissen, Michael Tengberg, B. Birnamaría, Svanbjörnsdóttir, Ida L. Gabrielsen, Marte Blikstad-Balas, Kirsti Klette
In this comparative study, naturally occurring literature instruction in Nordic lower secondary school is investigated in order to find out how lessons are organized, to what extent different genres are read and worked upon, and for what subject-specific functions and purposes literary texts are used. Implications for text selection by teachers are discussed. The study relies on four consecutive video-recorded language arts lessons from 102 classrooms in Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The function and use of literary texts were investigated by means of video-analysis and statistical comparisons. The analysis clearly indi- cates that literature plays an important part in Nordic language arts education. In all four countries, narrative fiction texts were favored above other genres. When the aim was to give students joint reading experiences, short stories and excerpts from novels were normally used. Reading literature for the sake of developing comprehension appears to be a dominant function of using literary texts in Nordic lower secondary arts classrooms. The present study also suggests that it is important for Nordic teachers to provide their students with positive reading experiences.
在这项比较研究中,调查了北欧初中自然发生的文学教学,以找出课程是如何组织的,在多大程度上阅读和研究不同的体裁,以及为了什么特定学科的功能和目的而使用文学文本。讨论了教师选择文本的意义。这项研究依赖于芬兰、冰岛、挪威和瑞典102个教室的连续四节语言艺术课视频。通过视频分析和统计比较,对文学文本的功能和使用进行了调查。分析表明,文学在北欧语言艺术教育中占有重要地位。在这四个国家,叙事小说比其他类型更受欢迎。当目的是给学生共同阅读体验时,通常使用短篇故事和小说节选。为了发展理解而阅读文学似乎是北欧初中艺术课堂中使用文学文本的主要功能。本研究还表明,北欧教师为学生提供积极的阅读体验非常重要。
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引用次数: 4
Introduction to the Special Issue Working with Literature in Nordic Secondary Education 《北欧中等教育中的文学工作》特刊导论
IF 0.5 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.17239/l1esll-2021.21.02.01
A. F. Gourvennec, Heidi Höglund, Marit Johansson, K. Kabel, Margrethe Sønneland
Gourvennec, A. F., Höglund, H., Johansson, M., Kabel, K. & Sønneland, M. (2021). Introduction to the special issue Working with Literature in Nordic Secondary Education. L1-Educational Studies in Language and Literature, 21, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.17239/L1ESLL-2021.21.02.01 Corresponding author: A.F. Gourvennec. E-mail aslaug.f.gourvennec@uis.no. © 2021 International Association for Research in L1-Education. INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE WORKING WITH LITERATURE IN NORDIC SECONDARY EDUCATION
Gourvennec, A. F., Höglund, H., Johansson, M., Kabel, K. & Sønneland, M.(2021)。《北欧中等教育中的文学研究》特刊导论。1 .语言文学教育研究,21,1-8。https://doi.org/10.17239/L1ESLL-2021.21.02.01通讯作者:A.F. Gourvennec。电子邮件aslaug.f.gourvennec@uis.no。©2021国际l1教育研究协会。介绍与北欧中等教育文学有关的特刊
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引用次数: 1
Experimenting with the languaging approach in teaching poetry 诗歌教学中语言教学法的实验
IF 0.5 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.17239/l1esll-2021.21.02.08
A. F. Gourvennec, Heidi Höglund, Marit Johansson, Kristine Kabel, Sara Kähkölä, Kaisu Rättyä
This article aims to address the need for research on a collective response to poetry reading and the need for research on poetry pedagogy. Our goal is to develop a teaching method called: the languaging approach. Languaging is understood as a socio-culturally applied and embedded practice that has the potential to improve students’ metacognitive understanding. The article examines the differences between dialogue-based student discussions and teacher-led conversation and whether the languaging approach and collaborative dialogue can offer new teaching approaches for literature education. The context of our study is Finnish teacher education. The data were collected during a teaching experiment that was conducted as a part of student teachers’ pedagogical st udies. The data were collected from two groups of 13-year-old students (n = 31) during their L1 lessons. The structures of the lessons differed from each other: A) the teacher led the discussion, or B) a languaging approach was used in a group discussion. Eighty minutes of video data were analysed using a directed content analysis. The study revealed that several students who were encouraged for languaging were able to describe their thoughts to each other and build meaningful analytical discussions together. The languaging approach encouraged students to communicate their own thinking processes and present argumented representations of poems, but also express their hesitations and doubts about their readings. With the languaging approach, students’ various orientations to interpret the poem were made visible. Student’s discussions also give an insight that facility with terminology can help students describe their thoughts more accurately.
本文旨在探讨诗歌阅读集体反应研究的必要性和诗歌教育学研究的必要性。我们的目标是开发一种叫做语言教学法的教学方法。语言被理解为一种社会文化应用和嵌入式实践,具有提高学生元认知理解的潜力。本文探讨了以对话为基础的学生讨论与以教师为主导的对话之间的差异,以及语言方法和协作对话是否能为文学教育提供新的教学方法。我们研究的背景是芬兰的教师教育。这些数据是在教学实验中收集的,该实验是作为学生教师教学研究的一部分进行的。数据来自两组13岁的学生(n = 31),他们正在上L1课。课程的结构各不相同:A)老师引导讨论,或者B)在小组讨论中使用语言方法。使用定向内容分析分析了80分钟的视频数据。研究显示,几个被鼓励学习语言的学生能够向彼此描述自己的想法,并一起进行有意义的分析讨论。语言教学方法鼓励学生交流自己的思维过程,对诗歌进行论证,但也表达他们对阅读的犹豫和怀疑。通过语言的方法,学生对诗歌的不同解读取向得以显现。学生的讨论也让我们认识到,熟练使用术语可以帮助学生更准确地描述他们的想法。
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引用次数: 2
Literary socialisation through education. A comparative study of Swedish and French upper secondary school students’ reception of a narrative text 通过教育实现文学社会化。瑞典和法国高中学生叙事文本接受的比较研究
IF 0.5 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.17239/l1esll-2021.21.02.03
M. Johansson
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引用次数: 3
期刊
L1 Educational Studies in Language and Literature
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