{"title":"The View from Mrs. Kelly’s Window: Reframing Agency and Land in the Congested Districts Board Photographs","authors":"K. Huber","doi":"10.1353/eir.2020.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eir.2020.0018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43507,"journal":{"name":"EIRE-IRELAND","volume":"55 1","pages":"128 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/eir.2020.0018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48347165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-28DOI: 10.4324/9781003058960-11
James E. Killen, A. Smyth
After more than a year with COVID-19, it becomes increasingly clear that certain variants of concern have the potential to be game changers, determining the future of our aviation. These variants pose significant health threats and possibly undermine ongoing vaccination efforts. Recent research showed that flight bans on the initial SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in January 2020 were implemented too late and therefore, turned out to be largely ineffective, enabling a swift turn into a fully-blown pandemic. In this study, we investigate the following question: How effective were existing flight bans against the newly emerged variants of concern? In other words: Do airlines and countries happen to repeat the same mistake again? We analyze the spread of the three most prevalent variants of concern right now: B.1.1.7 (known as the UK variant), B.1.351 (known as the South African variant), and P.1 (known as the Brazilian variant). We find that many countries, again, implemented flights bans once the mutated virus had enough time to be imported via air transportation. To support our empirical analysis further, we designed and implemented a compartmental network spreading model on top of worldwide flight data for the years 2020 and 2021. We observe that the model predictions are rather accurate and confirm our findings. Overall, we hope that our study encourages air transportation stakeholders and policy makers to avoid repeating earlier mistakes in the future, with the ultimate goal to overcome COVID-19 entirely.
{"title":"Transportation","authors":"James E. Killen, A. Smyth","doi":"10.4324/9781003058960-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003058960-11","url":null,"abstract":"After more than a year with COVID-19, it becomes increasingly clear that certain variants of concern have the potential to be game changers, determining the future of our aviation. These variants pose significant health threats and possibly undermine ongoing vaccination efforts. Recent research showed that flight bans on the initial SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in January 2020 were implemented too late and therefore, turned out to be largely ineffective, enabling a swift turn into a fully-blown pandemic. In this study, we investigate the following question: How effective were existing flight bans against the newly emerged variants of concern? In other words: Do airlines and countries happen to repeat the same mistake again? We analyze the spread of the three most prevalent variants of concern right now: B.1.1.7 (known as the UK variant), B.1.351 (known as the South African variant), and P.1 (known as the Brazilian variant). We find that many countries, again, implemented flights bans once the mutated virus had enough time to be imported via air transportation. To support our empirical analysis further, we designed and implemented a compartmental network spreading model on top of worldwide flight data for the years 2020 and 2021. We observe that the model predictions are rather accurate and confirm our findings. Overall, we hope that our study encourages air transportation stakeholders and policy makers to avoid repeating earlier mistakes in the future, with the ultimate goal to overcome COVID-19 entirely.","PeriodicalId":43507,"journal":{"name":"EIRE-IRELAND","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84012623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-07DOI: 10.4324/9781003058960-14
Reed D. Benson, A. Tarlock, James N. Corbridge Dr., David H. Getches, S. Bates
{"title":"Water Resource Management","authors":"Reed D. Benson, A. Tarlock, James N. Corbridge Dr., David H. Getches, S. Bates","doi":"10.4324/9781003058960-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003058960-14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43507,"journal":{"name":"EIRE-IRELAND","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74351344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creating \"Common Sense\" Responses to the \"Unmarried Mother\" in the Irish Free State","authors":"P. Garrett","doi":"10.1353/eir.2020.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eir.2020.0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43507,"journal":{"name":"EIRE-IRELAND","volume":"55 1","pages":"120 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/eir.2020.0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66304828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Knowing and Unknowing Tuam: State Practice, the Archive, and Transitional Justice","authors":"J. M. Smith","doi":"10.1353/eir.2020.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eir.2020.0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43507,"journal":{"name":"EIRE-IRELAND","volume":"55 1","pages":"142 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/eir.2020.0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66304878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay evaluates the application of transitional justice to the context of historical abuse in peaceful, consolidated democracies, in particular the Republic of Ireland. Examining Ireland’s efforts at repairing its past from such a perspective reveals an unwillingness by state authorities and Christian churches and religious orders to embrace the necessity of fundamental social, legal, and political transformation when addressing widespread and systemic historical abuse. In Irish efforts to address historical abuse across a range of contexts, power remains out of the hands of victim-survivors and of those traditionally marginalized in society. Instead, in agreement with Georges Balandier, I argue that “the supreme ruse of power is to allow itself to be contested ritually in order to consolidate itself more effectively.” Recent state responses to historical abuse contribute to such a consolidation of power. Although public inquiries, legal accountability, and redress schemes claim to serve the interests of victim-survivors of historical abuse, these mechanisms fail meaningfully to empower or support their voices, participation, and ownership in shaping how
{"title":"Transitional Justice and Ireland's Legacy of Historical Abuse","authors":"J. Gallen","doi":"10.1353/eir.2020.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eir.2020.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This essay evaluates the application of transitional justice to the context of historical abuse in peaceful, consolidated democracies, in particular the Republic of Ireland. Examining Ireland’s efforts at repairing its past from such a perspective reveals an unwillingness by state authorities and Christian churches and religious orders to embrace the necessity of fundamental social, legal, and political transformation when addressing widespread and systemic historical abuse. In Irish efforts to address historical abuse across a range of contexts, power remains out of the hands of victim-survivors and of those traditionally marginalized in society. Instead, in agreement with Georges Balandier, I argue that “the supreme ruse of power is to allow itself to be contested ritually in order to consolidate itself more effectively.” Recent state responses to historical abuse contribute to such a consolidation of power. Although public inquiries, legal accountability, and redress schemes claim to serve the interests of victim-survivors of historical abuse, these mechanisms fail meaningfully to empower or support their voices, participation, and ownership in shaping how","PeriodicalId":43507,"journal":{"name":"EIRE-IRELAND","volume":"55 1","pages":"35 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/eir.2020.0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66304795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Materials and Memory: Archaeology and Heritage as Tools of Transitional Justice at a Former Magdalen Laundry","authors":"L. McAtackney","doi":"10.1353/eir.2020.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eir.2020.0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43507,"journal":{"name":"EIRE-IRELAND","volume":"55 1","pages":"223 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/eir.2020.0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47409813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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