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Blood, Faith and Iron: a Dynasty of Catholic Industrialists in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century England 血、信仰和铁:16世纪和17世纪英国的天主教实业家王朝
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-13 DOI: 10.1080/00794236.2019.1659643
C. Rynne
The fortunes of England’s remaining Catholic population as an economic entity, in the period from the Dissolution to the onset of the Civil War, have largely been ignored by historians and barely t...
从分裂到内战爆发这段时期,英格兰剩余的天主教人口作为一个经济实体的命运,在很大程度上被历史学家所忽视,几乎没有人关注。
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引用次数: 0
The Inn of the Tongue of Italy for the Hospitaller knights in Rhodes 罗德斯医院骑士的意大利舌头旅馆
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00794236.2020.1750152
Patrice Foutakis
SUMMARY The identification of a building on Rhodes as the Hospitaller Inn of the Tongue of Italy has been subject to doubt and is contested by some scholars. This article sheds light on this question and brings new evidence from architectural, archaeological, 19th-century photographic, and manuscript sources. Some as yet unidentified structures appear to be property of the Tongue of Italy. Regarding the building in question, it was built in 1519 and likely stands on land previously occupied by the former mansion house of Fabrizio del Carretto, when he was admiral of the Order of Rhodes from 1509 to 1513.The doubts expressed about this structure, whether it should be considered as the Inn of Italy, are not well-founded. The house with the arms of Fabrizio del Carretto in the Street of the Knights can be identified as the Inn of the Tongue of Italy, as it was part of the Italian ‘Auberge’ housing some of its functions, in other words part of several buildings owned by this Tongue: the Inn of the knights, the private houses of the successive chiefs of the Tongue who held the office of admiral, the mansion houses for one or more priors from Italy, when they were at Rhodes, and the auxiliary buildings belonging to the Tongue of Italy. Today part of the historic centre of the town of Rhodes a designated World Heritage Site by UNESCO, this monument presents a significant multi-disciplinary dimension. It was built by a Christian military and religious Order. For almost four centuries, it was an Ottoman house, and the ground floor was converted into a grocery and tobacco store. By the beginning of the 20th century, after it was restored, its medieval architecture was highlighted. Today, it houses the Service of the Direction of the Medieval Town of Rhodes. Despite the fact that this structure went through different uses during the last five centuries, it stands as a most worthy-of-consideration example for intercultural identity.
罗兹岛上的一座建筑被认定为意大利舌头医院旅馆一直受到质疑,一些学者对此提出了质疑。这篇文章揭示了这个问题,并从建筑、考古、19世纪的摄影和手稿中获得了新的证据。一些尚未确定的结构似乎是意大利之舌的财产。关于这座建筑,它建于1519年,很可能坐落在法布里齐奥·德尔·卡雷托(Fabrizio del Carretto)的前豪宅所占据的土地上,当时他在1509年至1513年担任罗德勋章(Order of Rhodes)海军上将。人们对这座建筑的怀疑,即它是否应该被视为意大利旅馆,都没有充分的依据。骑士街上法布里齐奥·德尔·卡雷托(Fabrizio del Carretto,一个或多个意大利修道院院长在罗兹时的豪宅,以及属于意大利之舌的附属建筑。如今,这座纪念碑是联合国教科文组织指定的世界遗产罗兹镇历史中心的一部分,具有重要的多学科意义。它是由一个基督教军事和宗教教团建造的。在将近四个世纪的时间里,这是一座奥斯曼帝国的房子,一楼被改建为杂货店和烟草店。到20世纪初,在修复后,它的中世纪建筑凸显出来。如今,这里是中世纪罗德斯镇的指挥服务中心。尽管在过去的五个世纪里,这种结构经历了不同的用途,但它是跨文化身份最值得考虑的例子。
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引用次数: 0
Obituary: Kenneth J. Barton 1924–2018 讣告:Kenneth J.Barton 1924–2018
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00794236.2020.1750154
David Dawson
Ken Barton died peacefully on 28th August 2018. He had had a distinguished career in museums and a lifelong passion for medieval and post-medieval pottery. Having been a founder member of the Society for Medieval Archaeology in 1957, he with John Hurst, and with the encouragement of Alan Warhurst, was instrumental in founding the Post-Medieval Ceramic Research Group in 1963, and was active in the process of its transformation into the Society for Post-medieval Archaeology. He served as our President from 1976 to 1978 and one of our two Vice-presidents from 1979 to 1981. Perhaps his greatest achievement whilst an officer of the society was organising our first joint conference with the Society for Historical Archaeology in Bristol in 1980. He was born in Liverpool on 7th August 1924. It was not until 1949, after leaving school at the age of 14 and taking a variety of jobs including active war service with the Irish Guards, when he realised that Ken at home (reproduced by courtesy of Marilyn Barton)
肯·巴顿于2018年8月28日安详去世。他在博物馆有着杰出的职业生涯,对中世纪和后中世纪的陶器有着毕生的热情。1957年,他是中世纪考古学会的创始成员,在Alan Warhurst的鼓励下,他与John Hurst于1963年创立了后中世纪陶瓷研究小组,并积极参与了该小组向后中世纪考古学会转变的过程。1976年至1978年,他担任我国总统,1979年至1981年,他是我国两位副总统之一。也许他作为该协会官员的最大成就是1980年在布里斯托尔组织了我们与历史考古协会的第一次联席会议。1924年8月7日,他出生在利物浦。直到1949年,14岁离开学校,在爱尔兰卫队服役等多种工作后,他才意识到肯在家(由玛丽莲·巴顿提供)
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引用次数: 0
Epigraphic workshops in Sigüenza Cathedral (Guadalajara, Spain) in the late middle ages 中世纪晚期在西根扎大教堂(西班牙瓜达拉哈拉)举办的碑刻讲习班
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00794236.2020.1750147
J. Santiago
SUMMARY This article addresses the work of the epigraphic workshops and their relationship with sculpture workshops in the final years of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Period. Our primary source has been the inscriptions executed in Gothic minuscule script in Sigüenza Cathedral. We have done a comparative analysis of the script used in these inscriptions, associate it with the sculpture workshops which we know operated in Sigüenza in the aforementioned years, and propose the hypothesis that there were specialists in epigraphic work who provided their services to the large sculpture workshops.
摘要本文论述了中世纪最后几年和现代初期的碑文作坊的工作及其与雕塑作坊的关系。我们的主要来源是在锡根扎大教堂用哥特式小字刻下的铭文。我们对这些铭文中使用的文字进行了比较分析,将其与我们所知的前几年在锡根扎经营的雕塑工作室联系起来,并提出了一个假设,即有金石学专家为大型雕塑工作室提供服务。
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引用次数: 1
Standardization and units of measurement used in pottery production: the case of the post-medieval botijuela or Spanish olive jar made in Seville 陶器生产中使用的标准化和计量单位:以中世纪后塞维利亚制造的botijuela或西班牙橄榄罐为例
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00794236.2020.1750145
Miguel Busto-Zapico
SUMMARY: The aim of this paper is to determine the degree of standardization of pottery production and the units of measure that regulated their production. The group chosen to test this methodology is known as the Spanish olive jar. It is a series of productions manufactured in the south of the Iberian Peninsula throughout the Early Modern Period. The methodology begins with the morphometric characterisation of each vessel around a series of quantitative variables. Then, the Test for Normality is performed, and the Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient is calculated. Subsequently, a Cluster Analysis identifies different groups of Spanish olive jars. The Principal Component Analysis provides additional information that allows for a deeper understanding of the groups obtained. As a final step, calculating the Coefficient of Variation allows us to know the degree of standardization of each variable. Finally, once all these data are known, the possible units of measure that governed the production system of the Spanish olive jar can be recognized.
摘要:本文的目的是确定陶器生产的标准化程度和规范其生产的计量单位。被选中测试这种方法的小组被称为西班牙橄榄罐。这是一系列在伊比利亚半岛南部生产的产品,贯穿整个现代早期。该方法从围绕一系列定量变量的每条血管的形态特征开始。然后进行正态性检验,计算积矩相关系数。随后,聚类分析确定了不同组的西班牙橄榄罐。主成分分析提供了额外的信息,允许更深入地理解所获得的组。作为最后一步,计算变异系数可以让我们知道每个变量的标准化程度。最后,一旦知道了所有这些数据,就可以识别控制西班牙橄榄罐生产系统的可能度量单位。
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引用次数: 4
Globalization, trade, and material culture: Portugal’s role in the making of a multicultural Europe (1415–1806) 全球化、贸易和物质文化:葡萄牙在建立多元文化欧洲中的作用(1415-1806)
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00794236.2020.1750239
T. Casimiro
SUMMARY: In the Early Modern age, Portugal was among the first European countries to engage in overseas trade and colonial ventures. The influx of new people and things rapidly transformed it into a multicultural country in permanent contact with the rest of Europe and the wider world. While we possess a vast amount of knowledge describing the overseas contacts and acquisition of goods from historical documents, in recent years archaeological excavations have begun to reveal direct evidence of these interactions. This includes thousands of people and objects such as ceramics, ivory and stone artefacts produced in overseas territories in Africa, South America and Asia. They were exported in vast amounts to several European countries, and are frequently found in archaeological excavations. These commodities were in part responsible for changing European perceptions of the world, its dimensions and cultural plurality. They also rapidly left their mark on European goods production, leading to changes in aesthetics and the introduction of new forms. This paper will discuss some of these objects in terms of how they reflect an Early Modern globalized world, and their influence on European daily life.
摘要:在近代早期,葡萄牙是最早从事海外贸易和殖民事业的欧洲国家之一。新的人和事物的涌入迅速将它转变为一个与欧洲其他地区和更广泛的世界保持永久联系的多元文化国家。虽然我们拥有大量描述海外接触和从历史文献中获取商品的知识,但近年来的考古发掘已经开始揭示这些互动的直接证据。这包括在非洲、南美洲和亚洲的海外领土上生产的陶瓷、象牙和石器等数千人和物品。它们被大量出口到几个欧洲国家,经常在考古发掘中发现。这些商品在一定程度上改变了欧洲人对世界、世界维度和文化多元性的看法。它们也迅速在欧洲商品生产中留下了自己的印记,导致了美学的变化和新形式的引入。本文将讨论其中一些物品如何反映早期现代全球化世界,以及它们对欧洲人日常生活的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Capturing the Spirit of Singular Places: A Biographical Approach to Historic Building Recording 捕捉奇异之地的精神:历史建筑记录的传记方法
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00794236.2020.1750142
M. Shapland
SUMMARY I am fortunate enough to spend my working life exploring many different buildings, from medieval manor houses to 20th century football stadia, as part of a development-led brief to record them for posterity. This provides the opportunity to access places that few members of the public (other than squatters and urban explorers) ever see. It also involves many hours picking round derelict hulks with the rain coursing down the walls. This work feeds into the undeniable research value that arises from the study of individual buildings and how they inform our understanding of past societies and social practices. Conversely, there is also the less classifiable output of our attempting to capture the ‘spirit’ of a building prior to its demolition or conversion. Whilst the former is prioritised in guidance literature and methodologies, the latter arguably comprises the majority of what we do. What follows is an attempt to reconcile these two mindsets, with what can be termed a ‘biographical’ approach to historic building recording.
总结我很幸运,在我的职业生涯中,我探索了许多不同的建筑,从中世纪的庄园到20世纪的足球场,这是一份由开发主导的简报的一部分,旨在为子孙后代记录这些建筑。这提供了进入公众(除了棚户区居民和城市探险家)很少看到的地方的机会。它还包括许多小时在雨水顺着墙壁流下的情况下,在废弃的船体周围搜寻。这项工作为研究单个建筑以及它们如何为我们理解过去的社会和社会实践提供信息提供了不可否认的研究价值。相反,在拆除或改建之前,我们试图捕捉建筑的“精神”,这也是不太可分类的结果。虽然前者在指导文献和方法论中被优先考虑,但后者可以说是我们所做的大部分工作。接下来是试图调和这两种心态,并采用所谓的“传记”方法来记录历史建筑。
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引用次数: 4
Manufactured tradition? – the Victoria Cross 生产的传统呢?——维多利亚十字勋章
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00794236.2020.1750150
A. Marriott
SUMMARY The Victoria Cross, Britain’s highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy, is commonly believed to be cast from the bronze of Russian cannon captured at Sebastopol during the Crimean War. There is no corroboration for this belief beyond an entry in The Times in 1857. Historical sources suggest that neither the Queen nor her Prime Minister would have favoured an association of the medal with Sebastopol. From 1914, however, it is likely that many Victoria Crosses were indeed sourced from captured ordnance, but probably using Chinese guns. Some may even have been cast from entirely unprovenanced metal. Recent examination of VCs and putative sources of their metal by X-ray fluorescence suggest multiple sources of material, presenting medals variously of bronze, brass and copper.
维多利亚十字勋章是英国对勇敢面对敌人的最高奖励,人们普遍认为它是用克里米亚战争期间在塞瓦斯托波尔缴获的俄罗斯大炮的青铜铸成的。除了1857年《泰晤士报》上的一篇文章外,没有任何证据可以证实这一观点。历史资料显示,女王和首相都不赞成将勋章与塞瓦斯托波尔联系在一起。然而,从1914年开始,许多维多利亚十字勋章很可能确实来自缴获的军械,但可能使用的是中国火炮。有些甚至可能是由完全来历不明的金属铸造而成。最近用x射线荧光对vc及其推测的金属来源进行的检查表明,材料来源多种多样,呈现出各种青铜、黄铜和铜的奖牌。
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引用次数: 1
Preliminary report on locally manufactured pottery at Christiansborg Castle in Osu, Accra, Ghana 关于加纳阿克拉奥苏Christiansborg城堡本地制陶的初步报告
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-10-17 DOI: 10.1080/00794236.2019.1659586
Rachel Ama Asaa Engmann
Since 2014, my research has focused on Christiansborg Castle, a 17th-century former trading post, Danish and British colonial seat of government and Office of the President of the Republic of Ghana. Christiansborg Castle is a United Nations Educational, Scientific, Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site. Today, it is locally known as simply ‘The Castle’. This is the first archaeological excavation at Christiansborg Castle. Work was conducted under the guise of the Christiansborg Archaeological Heritage Project (CAHP) (www.christiansborgarchaeologicalheritageproject.org) (Fig. 1). This brief preliminary report directs close attention to locally manufactured pottery. Certainly, European colonial written accounts document local manufacture and trade, but they rarely provide detailed descriptions and illustrations of locally manufactured pottery. This note examines the criteria necessary for developing a locally manufactured pottery typology classification for the Christiansborg Castle site. As materially distinct deposits, locally manufactured pottery is the most abundant dataset found at the site. In the past, pottery was commonly employed for a number of purposes and within reach of most households economically. Pottery is a durable material and, though it fractures and breaks into sherds, it does not disintegrate. Since pottery fragments retain their material form, they can be studied. Archaeological analysis is still ongoing, yet some preliminary observations can still be made. BredwaMensah has proposed a typological sequence for local pottery ceramics from Frederiksgave, a Danish plantation site nearby in the Akwapim Hills. Once a detailed study is complete, it will be possible to ascertain whether Bredwah-Mensah’s typology is appropriate for this study. Clearly, this topic finds resonance with existing archaeological scholarship in the region.
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引用次数: 0
Buildings in Society: International Studies in the Historic Era. 社会中的建筑:历史时代的国际研究。
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/00794236.2019.1659651
Lara Band
and literacy as a means of identity-creation and distancing from an author’s origins — Douglass as a former slave, and Yezierska as an immigrant. The final chapter of the book by Benjamin Skolnik, under the section title ‘Coda’, returns to Wye House and the ‘Archaeology in Annapolis’ project, on which much of the archaeology in the book is based. The chapter situates Douglass (and, by extension, the book) in its comparative historical context, as well as a wider intellectual context of post-colonial scholarship. While not concluding the contents of the book in a formulaic way, Skolnik’s chapter provides an appropriate bookend to Leone and Jenkins introduction, synthesizing the archaeological elements of the book in their historical context. This book is occasionally evocative and emotional and is unapologetic about this. The intended readership is undoubtedly academic, but the book is nonetheless pitched to appeal beyond the academy, to a general readership. While the standard of scholarship is very high, the book is well written and easy to read. Students will find the book useful as a detailed comparative study of the transnational history and archaeology of slavery and migration, and as an example of good interdisciplinary practice. Indeed, the bibliographies alone are a valuable resource. A general readership may be more interested in the case studies and sites employed within. For this reason, it is a pity that the volume is so expensive (for example, Amazon sells the book at $72 plus shipping, with no clear UK purchasing option) and difficult to locate easily online. The publishers ought to consider cheaper options for a future edition.
识字是一种身份创造和远离作者出身的手段——道格拉斯是一名前奴隶,叶齐尔斯卡是一名移民。Benjamin Skolnik的这本书的最后一章,标题为“Coda”,回到了怀伊之家和“安纳波利斯考古”项目,书中的大部分考古都是基于该项目。本章将道格拉斯(以及本书)置于其比较历史背景下,以及更广泛的后殖民学术知识背景下。虽然没有以公式化的方式总结本书的内容,但Skolnik的章节为Leone和Jenkins的介绍提供了一个适当的书尾,在他们的历史背景下综合了本书的考古元素。这本书偶尔会引起共鸣和情绪化,并且对此毫不道歉。毫无疑问,这本书的读者群是学术性的,但它的定位是吸引学院以外的普通读者。虽然学术水平很高,但这本书写得很好,读起来很容易。学生们会发现这本书是对奴隶制和移民的跨国历史和考古学的详细比较研究,也是良好的跨学科实践的一个例子。事实上,仅参考书目本身就是一种宝贵的资源。一般读者可能对案例研究和网站更感兴趣。出于这个原因,很遗憾的是,这本书的价格如此昂贵(例如,亚马逊以72美元外加运费的价格出售,没有明确的英国购买选项),而且很难在网上轻松找到。出版商应该为未来的版本考虑更便宜的选择。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Post-Medieval Archaeology
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