Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2022.2052935
T. Pollak
ABSTRACT The paper explores the therapeutic importance of some structural aspects of the body and the consulting room for integrating primal psychophysical spatiality with children suffering from severe developmental deficiency (mainly autism, but not exclusively). The dominant dimension of those children available for the therapist is their non-communicative corporal organisation and behavioural involvement with physical aspects of the consulting room. The paper introduces the idea of ‘an envelope with openings’, seeing it as an innate multidimensional psychophysical schema. Such a structure fits with the child and the therapist’s body, and characterises the physical aspects of the consulting room. This structural resemblance has the potential of functioning as an intuitive pre-reflective common source for therapeutic communication. It might support the therapist’s somatic openness, crystallise into a countertransference-based corporal communication, functioning as a ‘constitutive intervention’, and thus give organised existence to the primal layer of the child’s experience. This type of intervention invites the therapist to use his body and/or some physical aspect of the room to structure fragmented psychophysical elements into this spatial-temporal embodied schema. Clinical case material from two therapies with children with ASD, and one adult therapy, illustrate this potential, gradually revealing the consulting room as a goldmine inhabited by subjective objects, ready for intersubjective meaning.
{"title":"The body and the consulting room's materiality as a path for developing intersubjective psychophysical space","authors":"T. Pollak","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2022.2052935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2022.2052935","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper explores the therapeutic importance of some structural aspects of the body and the consulting room for integrating primal psychophysical spatiality with children suffering from severe developmental deficiency (mainly autism, but not exclusively). The dominant dimension of those children available for the therapist is their non-communicative corporal organisation and behavioural involvement with physical aspects of the consulting room. The paper introduces the idea of ‘an envelope with openings’, seeing it as an innate multidimensional psychophysical schema. Such a structure fits with the child and the therapist’s body, and characterises the physical aspects of the consulting room. This structural resemblance has the potential of functioning as an intuitive pre-reflective common source for therapeutic communication. It might support the therapist’s somatic openness, crystallise into a countertransference-based corporal communication, functioning as a ‘constitutive intervention’, and thus give organised existence to the primal layer of the child’s experience. This type of intervention invites the therapist to use his body and/or some physical aspect of the room to structure fragmented psychophysical elements into this spatial-temporal embodied schema. Clinical case material from two therapies with children with ASD, and one adult therapy, illustrate this potential, gradually revealing the consulting room as a goldmine inhabited by subjective objects, ready for intersubjective meaning.","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45313392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417x.2022.2043413
Stella Acquarone
ABSTRACT The pandemic has seen tele-therapy become ‘the only way’ for all of us, but the author has been using it since 2004 in her parent infant work. While she acknowledges and enumerates some of the frustrations inherent in tele-therapy, associated with its deviation from the classical psychoanalytic method, she also poses several questions: does it broaden the scope of psychoanalysis? Is it consistent with Freud’s ‘hope’ that ‘the increasing experience’ of psychoanalysts will include adaptations on behalf of patients, for instance those who cannot attend sessions in person? [Freud, S. (1912). Recommendations to physicians practising psycho-analysis, section (f). SE, XII, p. 120]. Also, are there aspects of tele-therapy that actually aid rather than hinder the aims, for example, the lessening of inhibition in virtual space? In the discussion, the author focuses on the screen as the defining aspect of tele-therapy. The screen becomes an intermediary point in the therapist–client interaction and relationship, which facilitates new aspects of mental functioning. These new aspects can include assimilating facial expressions (Darwin, 1872), the construction of a virtual space that activates internal objects, the speed needed to handle face-to-face psychoanalytic dialogue, and the surprise felt when internal obstacles or trauma are repositioned, lessened or neutralised in tele-therapy sessions where clients don’t expect their repressed unconscious conflicts to be noticed. In conclusion, the author puts forward a notion that tele-therapy can foster a ‘virtual space that becomes real’, in other words, a virtual experience that can become an emotionally-felt reality.
{"title":"The only way: virtual experience becomes emotional reality","authors":"Stella Acquarone","doi":"10.1080/0075417x.2022.2043413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417x.2022.2043413","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The pandemic has seen tele-therapy become ‘the only way’ for all of us, but the author has been using it since 2004 in her parent infant work. While she acknowledges and enumerates some of the frustrations inherent in tele-therapy, associated with its deviation from the classical psychoanalytic method, she also poses several questions: does it broaden the scope of psychoanalysis? Is it consistent with Freud’s ‘hope’ that ‘the increasing experience’ of psychoanalysts will include adaptations on behalf of patients, for instance those who cannot attend sessions in person? [Freud, S. (1912). Recommendations to physicians practising psycho-analysis, section (f). SE, XII, p. 120]. Also, are there aspects of tele-therapy that actually aid rather than hinder the aims, for example, the lessening of inhibition in virtual space? In the discussion, the author focuses on the screen as the defining aspect of tele-therapy. The screen becomes an intermediary point in the therapist–client interaction and relationship, which facilitates new aspects of mental functioning. These new aspects can include assimilating facial expressions (Darwin, 1872), the construction of a virtual space that activates internal objects, the speed needed to handle face-to-face psychoanalytic dialogue, and the surprise felt when internal obstacles or trauma are repositioned, lessened or neutralised in tele-therapy sessions where clients don’t expect their repressed unconscious conflicts to be noticed. In conclusion, the author puts forward a notion that tele-therapy can foster a ‘virtual space that becomes real’, in other words, a virtual experience that can become an emotionally-felt reality.","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41283268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2022.2047762
Sofia Anassontzi, Ira Kollia
ABSTRACT A traumatic situation can be both cataclysmic and disorganising, while putting the whole existence of the individual to the test. Every trauma causes either minor or major rifts in the psyche, thus putting a strain on the patient’s present, past and future. Specifically, when the traumatic experience remains without adequate mentalization, in an instinctive form, it can severely affect the patient, both psychologically and socially. In this paper, we discuss the dual dimension of the traumatic experience. Firstly, since the psyche cannot elaborate the traumatic event or situation psychologically, only minor symbolic or mental representations are available, and the traumatic content cannot find its place in the patient’s psychic history. Since the trauma cannot be worked through psychologically, it usually comprises a massive experience of deadly anxieties, mixed with somatic and sensorial memories. Secondly, the consequences of the trauma have a social dimension. Individuals may feel disconnected and disengaged from their social existence and identity, alone and unprotected, as trauma can lead to them questioning their social identity. The unearthing of the previous psychic traumas explains why the therapy of traumatised patients demands in-depth, individual therapeutic work. Trauma therefore attacks in a dual manner, setting out to test all the aspects of the individual’s functioning. The therapeutic challenges for working with traumatised children and adolescents are considerable, as the clinical vignettes illustrate.
{"title":"Living through trauma: to bear the unbearable, to speak the unspeakable","authors":"Sofia Anassontzi, Ira Kollia","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2022.2047762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2022.2047762","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A traumatic situation can be both cataclysmic and disorganising, while putting the whole existence of the individual to the test. Every trauma causes either minor or major rifts in the psyche, thus putting a strain on the patient’s present, past and future. Specifically, when the traumatic experience remains without adequate mentalization, in an instinctive form, it can severely affect the patient, both psychologically and socially. In this paper, we discuss the dual dimension of the traumatic experience. Firstly, since the psyche cannot elaborate the traumatic event or situation psychologically, only minor symbolic or mental representations are available, and the traumatic content cannot find its place in the patient’s psychic history. Since the trauma cannot be worked through psychologically, it usually comprises a massive experience of deadly anxieties, mixed with somatic and sensorial memories. Secondly, the consequences of the trauma have a social dimension. Individuals may feel disconnected and disengaged from their social existence and identity, alone and unprotected, as trauma can lead to them questioning their social identity. The unearthing of the previous psychic traumas explains why the therapy of traumatised patients demands in-depth, individual therapeutic work. Trauma therefore attacks in a dual manner, setting out to test all the aspects of the individual’s functioning. The therapeutic challenges for working with traumatised children and adolescents are considerable, as the clinical vignettes illustrate.","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47091416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417x.2022.2045341
Rachel Acheson, Alexandra de Rementeria
This book centres on the experience of ‘whiteness’, and how it operates within a systemically racist society. The author, Helen Morgan, is white, and observes in the preface to this book how this is an aspect of identity that can be experienced as ‘normal’ or invisible, therefore allowing her the option to disregard it, and the topic of racism, altogether. This book is a challenge to that position, and convincingly argues that for white people not to see the world along racial lines, and acknowledge their inherited privilege, points to an internal ‘blindness’ or ‘dumbness’ that preserves racism and white supremacy. Morgan argues that by choosing to ‘remain unconscious of a crucial aspect of our lives and ourselves’ (p. xiii), we block our path to individuation. Within this is the idea that racism hurts us all; the book explores why then, if this is the case, racism remains functional within society, and why the psychoanalytic community may have been, and remains, resistant to deeper exploration and action to address and understand it. The introduction to this book begins with a clear statement that there is no biological or genetic basis for humans to be divided by race. While this reminder of the facts may strike some as unnecessary, it clarifies that we are thinking about a system that arose for social, economic, and political reasons, and has no objective origin. The book goes on to outline the history of the civil rights movement within the UK, and defines terms used throughout the book. Morgan then outlines why a psychoanalytic perspective on racism is important. She suggests that while, as a profession, we have developed and refined theories on how a racist thought or act emerges from within an individual's psyche, we have disregarded larger socio-economic determinants, the ‘racist template’ into which we in the Western world are born. Morgan argues that -
{"title":"The work of whiteness: A psychoanalytic perspective","authors":"Rachel Acheson, Alexandra de Rementeria","doi":"10.1080/0075417x.2022.2045341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417x.2022.2045341","url":null,"abstract":"This book centres on the experience of ‘whiteness’, and how it operates within a systemically racist society. The author, Helen Morgan, is white, and observes in the preface to this book how this is an aspect of identity that can be experienced as ‘normal’ or invisible, therefore allowing her the option to disregard it, and the topic of racism, altogether. This book is a challenge to that position, and convincingly argues that for white people not to see the world along racial lines, and acknowledge their inherited privilege, points to an internal ‘blindness’ or ‘dumbness’ that preserves racism and white supremacy. Morgan argues that by choosing to ‘remain unconscious of a crucial aspect of our lives and ourselves’ (p. xiii), we block our path to individuation. Within this is the idea that racism hurts us all; the book explores why then, if this is the case, racism remains functional within society, and why the psychoanalytic community may have been, and remains, resistant to deeper exploration and action to address and understand it. The introduction to this book begins with a clear statement that there is no biological or genetic basis for humans to be divided by race. While this reminder of the facts may strike some as unnecessary, it clarifies that we are thinking about a system that arose for social, economic, and political reasons, and has no objective origin. The book goes on to outline the history of the civil rights movement within the UK, and defines terms used throughout the book. Morgan then outlines why a psychoanalytic perspective on racism is important. She suggests that while, as a profession, we have developed and refined theories on how a racist thought or act emerges from within an individual's psyche, we have disregarded larger socio-economic determinants, the ‘racist template’ into which we in the Western world are born. Morgan argues that -","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48266972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2022.2037103
Rachel Pardoe
{"title":"Respark: igniting hope and joy after depression and trauma","authors":"Rachel Pardoe","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2022.2037103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2022.2037103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41966048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2022.2044370
S. Levi
ABSTRACT This paper describes and explores the second part of the therapeutic treatment of a young boy who was diagnosed with autism, aged two. In the previous paper, his intensive psychoanalytic psychotherapy and his mind’s growth were covered. In this paper, his non-intensive psychotherapy, parent work, a home-enrichment programme, a structured personality assessment (including use of the WISC-III UK), and mainstream integration will be reported on. The aim of this account is to argue that differential diagnosis is essential for complex cases where there is early neglect and abuse in the child’s developmental history. A psychoanalytic approach that includes personality assessment is suggested to accompany, and even at times replace, the more widely used medical and behavioural assessment methods. It is argued that this can be more comprehensive and helpful in getting to the bottom of the child’s psychological and developmental difficulties, and so can aid in planning effective treatment and support.
{"title":"‘I caught you!’ Part 2: enriching the external reality","authors":"S. Levi","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2022.2044370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2022.2044370","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper describes and explores the second part of the therapeutic treatment of a young boy who was diagnosed with autism, aged two. In the previous paper, his intensive psychoanalytic psychotherapy and his mind’s growth were covered. In this paper, his non-intensive psychotherapy, parent work, a home-enrichment programme, a structured personality assessment (including use of the WISC-III UK), and mainstream integration will be reported on. The aim of this account is to argue that differential diagnosis is essential for complex cases where there is early neglect and abuse in the child’s developmental history. A psychoanalytic approach that includes personality assessment is suggested to accompany, and even at times replace, the more widely used medical and behavioural assessment methods. It is argued that this can be more comprehensive and helpful in getting to the bottom of the child’s psychological and developmental difficulties, and so can aid in planning effective treatment and support.","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41477477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2022.2040573
R. Holloway
ABSTRACT This paper is the third of a triptych of papers. The word ‘triptych’ refers to traditional religious paintings, where three panels are joined with hinges. Each of the three papers in this triptych outlines certain aspects of my patient Sam’s fourteen year psychotherapy. When these papers are read together, they provide a detailed exploration of the most noteworthy changes I have observed in Sam over the fourteen years of our therapeutic relationship. This third and final part deals with the way that Sam’s defensive structures have developed and shifted over fourteen years. It integrates material from all three papers, and makes a foray into theorising about some possible aetiological sources of ASD, emphasising psychodynamic aspects. Taken together, the three papers are my effort to map out the important psychodynamic changes in Sam’s functioning across fourteen years of treatment.
{"title":"High-functioning autism: changes over fourteen years of psychoanalytic psychotherapy: part three","authors":"R. Holloway","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2022.2040573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2022.2040573","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper is the third of a triptych of papers. The word ‘triptych’ refers to traditional religious paintings, where three panels are joined with hinges. Each of the three papers in this triptych outlines certain aspects of my patient Sam’s fourteen year psychotherapy. When these papers are read together, they provide a detailed exploration of the most noteworthy changes I have observed in Sam over the fourteen years of our therapeutic relationship. This third and final part deals with the way that Sam’s defensive structures have developed and shifted over fourteen years. It integrates material from all three papers, and makes a foray into theorising about some possible aetiological sources of ASD, emphasising psychodynamic aspects. Taken together, the three papers are my effort to map out the important psychodynamic changes in Sam’s functioning across fourteen years of treatment.","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46770842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2022.2042584
Yael Yadlin, E. Edginton, G. Lepper, N. Midgley
ABSTRACT The role of patients’ questions in psychoanalytic psychotherapy is a neglected topic in the clinical and research literature. This qualitative study aims to bridge this gap by exploring the role of patients’ questions in Short-Term Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy (STPP) with adolescents suffering from depression. This is a single case study, focusing on the interaction between the patient and his therapist when questions were asked by the patient, using conversation analysis methodology. Data was taken from the IMPACT study, a randomised controlled trial, investigating three types of therapy in the treatment of adolescent depression. The findings identify some typical ways in which the therapist responded to the patient’s questions, and show that ‘surprising behaviours’ that seem associated with heightened affect appeared when the patient asked a question, leading to an enlivening of the therapeutic interaction. The study examines the significance of these findings within the context of the therapeutic relationship and discusses the implication of these findings for technique.
{"title":"How to do things with questions: the role of patients’ questions in Short-Term Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy (STPP) with depressed adolescents","authors":"Yael Yadlin, E. Edginton, G. Lepper, N. Midgley","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2022.2042584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2022.2042584","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The role of patients’ questions in psychoanalytic psychotherapy is a neglected topic in the clinical and research literature. This qualitative study aims to bridge this gap by exploring the role of patients’ questions in Short-Term Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy (STPP) with adolescents suffering from depression. This is a single case study, focusing on the interaction between the patient and his therapist when questions were asked by the patient, using conversation analysis methodology. Data was taken from the IMPACT study, a randomised controlled trial, investigating three types of therapy in the treatment of adolescent depression. The findings identify some typical ways in which the therapist responded to the patient’s questions, and show that ‘surprising behaviours’ that seem associated with heightened affect appeared when the patient asked a question, leading to an enlivening of the therapeutic interaction. The study examines the significance of these findings within the context of the therapeutic relationship and discusses the implication of these findings for technique.","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44846852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2022.2043414
Rachel Acheson
the normal range of serious health problems health well-being. Background: To characterize cross-cultural sleep patterns and sleep problems in a large sample of children ages birth to 36 months in multiple predominantly-Asian (P-A) and predominantly-Caucasian (P-C) countries. Methods: Parents of 29,287 infants and toddlers (predominantly-Asian countries/ regions: China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam; predominantly-Caucasian countries: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom, United States) completed an internet-based expanded version of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. Results: Overall, children from P-A countries had significantly later bedtimes, shorter total sleep times, increased parental perception of sleep problems, and were more likely to both bed-share and room-share than children from P-C countries, p < .001. Bedtimes ranged from 19:27 (New Zealand) to 22:17 (Hong Kong) and total sleep time from 11.6 (Japan) to 13.3 (New Zealand) hours, p < .0001. There were limited differences in daytime sleep. Bed-sharing with parents ranged from 5.8% in New Zealand to 83.2% in Vietnam. There was also a wide range in the percentage of parents who perceived that their child had a sleep problem (11% in Thailand to 76% in China). Conclusions: Overall, children from predominantly-Asian countries had significantly later bedtimes, shorter total sleep times, increased parental perception of sleep problems, and were more likely to room-share than children from predominantly-Caucasian countries/regions. These results indicate substantial differences in sleep patterns in young children across culturally diverse countries/regions. Further studies are needed to understand the basis for and impact of these interesting differences. Empirical findings regarding the association between child attachment and sleep have been inconsistent. The objectives of this series of meta-analyses were to assess the size of the association between child sleep and attachment and to examine whether study methodology (attachment measure, sleep measure) and age moderate this association. Sixteen studies (2783 children aged from 6 to 38 months) were included. Significant associations were found between attachment security and sleep efficiency ( r = .18) and attachment resistance and sleep problems ( r = .18). There were significant moderator effects of sleep measure and age of the child, with the size of the association between sleep and attachment security increasing with age ( R 2 analog = .67). Inconsistent findings are likely due to inter-study variabilities in methodology and to a developmental effect on the sleep-attachment association. how to regulate emotion as a function of both contextual factors and individual differences. Aim: To evaluate parental perspectives on the acceptability and usefulness of a ‘cued-care’ approach to infant sleep implemented in an Australian primary care setting. The Po
{"title":"Research digest: sleep","authors":"Rachel Acheson","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2022.2043414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2022.2043414","url":null,"abstract":"the normal range of serious health problems health well-being. Background: To characterize cross-cultural sleep patterns and sleep problems in a large sample of children ages birth to 36 months in multiple predominantly-Asian (P-A) and predominantly-Caucasian (P-C) countries. Methods: Parents of 29,287 infants and toddlers (predominantly-Asian countries/ regions: China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam; predominantly-Caucasian countries: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom, United States) completed an internet-based expanded version of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. Results: Overall, children from P-A countries had significantly later bedtimes, shorter total sleep times, increased parental perception of sleep problems, and were more likely to both bed-share and room-share than children from P-C countries, p < .001. Bedtimes ranged from 19:27 (New Zealand) to 22:17 (Hong Kong) and total sleep time from 11.6 (Japan) to 13.3 (New Zealand) hours, p < .0001. There were limited differences in daytime sleep. Bed-sharing with parents ranged from 5.8% in New Zealand to 83.2% in Vietnam. There was also a wide range in the percentage of parents who perceived that their child had a sleep problem (11% in Thailand to 76% in China). Conclusions: Overall, children from predominantly-Asian countries had significantly later bedtimes, shorter total sleep times, increased parental perception of sleep problems, and were more likely to room-share than children from predominantly-Caucasian countries/regions. These results indicate substantial differences in sleep patterns in young children across culturally diverse countries/regions. Further studies are needed to understand the basis for and impact of these interesting differences. Empirical findings regarding the association between child attachment and sleep have been inconsistent. The objectives of this series of meta-analyses were to assess the size of the association between child sleep and attachment and to examine whether study methodology (attachment measure, sleep measure) and age moderate this association. Sixteen studies (2783 children aged from 6 to 38 months) were included. Significant associations were found between attachment security and sleep efficiency ( r = .18) and attachment resistance and sleep problems ( r = .18). There were significant moderator effects of sleep measure and age of the child, with the size of the association between sleep and attachment security increasing with age ( R 2 analog = .67). Inconsistent findings are likely due to inter-study variabilities in methodology and to a developmental effect on the sleep-attachment association. how to regulate emotion as a function of both contextual factors and individual differences. Aim: To evaluate parental perspectives on the acceptability and usefulness of a ‘cued-care’ approach to infant sleep implemented in an Australian primary care setting. The Po","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41966131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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