Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2022.2043414
Rachel Acheson
the normal range of serious health problems health well-being. Background: To characterize cross-cultural sleep patterns and sleep problems in a large sample of children ages birth to 36 months in multiple predominantly-Asian (P-A) and predominantly-Caucasian (P-C) countries. Methods: Parents of 29,287 infants and toddlers (predominantly-Asian countries/ regions: China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam; predominantly-Caucasian countries: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom, United States) completed an internet-based expanded version of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. Results: Overall, children from P-A countries had significantly later bedtimes, shorter total sleep times, increased parental perception of sleep problems, and were more likely to both bed-share and room-share than children from P-C countries, p < .001. Bedtimes ranged from 19:27 (New Zealand) to 22:17 (Hong Kong) and total sleep time from 11.6 (Japan) to 13.3 (New Zealand) hours, p < .0001. There were limited differences in daytime sleep. Bed-sharing with parents ranged from 5.8% in New Zealand to 83.2% in Vietnam. There was also a wide range in the percentage of parents who perceived that their child had a sleep problem (11% in Thailand to 76% in China). Conclusions: Overall, children from predominantly-Asian countries had significantly later bedtimes, shorter total sleep times, increased parental perception of sleep problems, and were more likely to room-share than children from predominantly-Caucasian countries/regions. These results indicate substantial differences in sleep patterns in young children across culturally diverse countries/regions. Further studies are needed to understand the basis for and impact of these interesting differences. Empirical findings regarding the association between child attachment and sleep have been inconsistent. The objectives of this series of meta-analyses were to assess the size of the association between child sleep and attachment and to examine whether study methodology (attachment measure, sleep measure) and age moderate this association. Sixteen studies (2783 children aged from 6 to 38 months) were included. Significant associations were found between attachment security and sleep efficiency ( r = .18) and attachment resistance and sleep problems ( r = .18). There were significant moderator effects of sleep measure and age of the child, with the size of the association between sleep and attachment security increasing with age ( R 2 analog = .67). Inconsistent findings are likely due to inter-study variabilities in methodology and to a developmental effect on the sleep-attachment association. how to regulate emotion as a function of both contextual factors and individual differences. Aim: To evaluate parental perspectives on the acceptability and usefulness of a ‘cued-care’ approach to infant sleep implemented in an Australian primary care setting. The Po
{"title":"Research digest: sleep","authors":"Rachel Acheson","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2022.2043414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2022.2043414","url":null,"abstract":"the normal range of serious health problems health well-being. Background: To characterize cross-cultural sleep patterns and sleep problems in a large sample of children ages birth to 36 months in multiple predominantly-Asian (P-A) and predominantly-Caucasian (P-C) countries. Methods: Parents of 29,287 infants and toddlers (predominantly-Asian countries/ regions: China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam; predominantly-Caucasian countries: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom, United States) completed an internet-based expanded version of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. Results: Overall, children from P-A countries had significantly later bedtimes, shorter total sleep times, increased parental perception of sleep problems, and were more likely to both bed-share and room-share than children from P-C countries, p < .001. Bedtimes ranged from 19:27 (New Zealand) to 22:17 (Hong Kong) and total sleep time from 11.6 (Japan) to 13.3 (New Zealand) hours, p < .0001. There were limited differences in daytime sleep. Bed-sharing with parents ranged from 5.8% in New Zealand to 83.2% in Vietnam. There was also a wide range in the percentage of parents who perceived that their child had a sleep problem (11% in Thailand to 76% in China). Conclusions: Overall, children from predominantly-Asian countries had significantly later bedtimes, shorter total sleep times, increased parental perception of sleep problems, and were more likely to room-share than children from predominantly-Caucasian countries/regions. These results indicate substantial differences in sleep patterns in young children across culturally diverse countries/regions. Further studies are needed to understand the basis for and impact of these interesting differences. Empirical findings regarding the association between child attachment and sleep have been inconsistent. The objectives of this series of meta-analyses were to assess the size of the association between child sleep and attachment and to examine whether study methodology (attachment measure, sleep measure) and age moderate this association. Sixteen studies (2783 children aged from 6 to 38 months) were included. Significant associations were found between attachment security and sleep efficiency ( r = .18) and attachment resistance and sleep problems ( r = .18). There were significant moderator effects of sleep measure and age of the child, with the size of the association between sleep and attachment security increasing with age ( R 2 analog = .67). Inconsistent findings are likely due to inter-study variabilities in methodology and to a developmental effect on the sleep-attachment association. how to regulate emotion as a function of both contextual factors and individual differences. Aim: To evaluate parental perspectives on the acceptability and usefulness of a ‘cued-care’ approach to infant sleep implemented in an Australian primary care setting. The Po","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":"48 1","pages":"155 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41966131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2021.2021545
Maria Papadima
ABSTRACT This paper offers an exploration of the notion of trauma, viewing it as an ‘elastic’ concept that has changed over time within psychoanalytic theory, including in child psychotherapy. There is an argument for a multi-faceted, developmental, individual way of viewing trauma, taking into account contemporary knowledge about psychic trauma while at the same time not losing sight of some psychoanalytic ideas that were central in the formation of the term. This paper argues for the importance of reclaiming and holding onto certain Freudian elements of what trauma means, including the idea that structural/ontological trauma in the course of human life is necessary and developmentally important, and is differentiated from historical trauma, which is linked to a particular event. These different ways of thinking about trauma are explored through presenting the work of French child psychoanalyst Françoise Dolto.
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Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2021.2018480
Alexandra de Rementeria
We have had such a good response to our invitation for submissions relating to trauma that the theme will continue beyond this special issue, into the spring issue. We would like to foster debate and so would welcome short pieces (4000 words) in response to the papers here. In this issue, we have a diverse collection of papers approaching the topic of trauma from very different angles. The first paper, a single case study by Fiorenzo Ranieri, tracks the ways in which a pre-teen with a history of complex trauma uses the mind of her therapist to scaffold her rediscovery of the world from a place of safety following her adoption. Like a much younger child, she wants to notice and name the physical world, particularly places of importance to her but also the most simple items: ‘An “our” apple must be less distressing than “her” apple, linked to her memories. “Our” apple is less persecutory because it is thought together in a context, that of psychotherapy, which is sufficiently welcoming and non-conflictual . . . for her it is important that I explore things emotionally, in order to understand them as a form of personal experience. Once the objects are understood in this sense, through me Sarah too will be able to re -appropriate them without feeling them hard and stinging, but soft enough to be integrated.’ Ranieri shows us how this process went on to encompass the human objects of her past and present and, in time, allowed the construction of a safer internal world. He notes that by the end of treatment, the girl was able to begin her somewhat delayed adolescent development. She was now psychologically safe enough to begin taking the healthy risks that development demands. For Graham Music, this capacity to reach out or move towards – towards the future, or towards others, with all the risk and lust for life that requires – is not just the reward of recovering from trauma, but an essential part of the healing process. Music is also clear that anger is a part of healing. In ‘Resparking from flatness: New thoughts on shut-down states after trauma and neglect,’ he delineates three kinds of shutdown states and how to work with them. He describes work from his early career, as well as more recent work, comparing his changing technique. We read about a boy whose defences might have passed for liveliness before a less attentive observer: ‘ . . . he demonstrated a quicksilver ability on the football field, the bullying stopped and he could stay even more under the radar, gliding around the dangers of group-life with his big smile, rather like he glided past tackles on the football pitch.’ Music describes a pincer movement. As a therapist, he had to challenge this evasive quality, but this would not have been helpful if he had not first created a space where it was safe for a black boy to be angry: safe from retaliation and safe from being misconstrued. I was moved by the delicacy with which Music notes the nascent rage beneath a look of disgust on his JOUR
我们邀请提交与创伤有关的作品得到了很好的回应，这个主题将在这期特刊之后继续下去，进入春季特刊。我们希望促进辩论，因此欢迎短文(4000字)回应这里的论文。在这一期中，我们收集了各种各样的论文，从不同的角度探讨创伤的话题。第一篇论文是菲奥伦佐·拉涅利(Fiorenzo Ranieri)的一个个案研究，追踪了一个有复杂创伤史的十几岁的孩子在被收养后，是如何利用她的治疗师的思想，从一个安全的地方重新发现世界的。像一个小得多的孩子一样，她想要注意并说出物质世界的名字，尤其是对她来说很重要的地方，也包括最简单的物品:“一个‘我们的’苹果必须比‘她的’苹果更不令人痛苦，与她的记忆联系在一起。”“我们的”苹果不那么受迫害，因为它是在心理治疗的背景下被思考的，这是足够欢迎和无冲突的……对她来说，重要的是我要从情感上探索事物，以便把它们理解为一种个人体验。一旦物体在这个意义上被理解，通过我，Sarah也将能够重新使用它们，而不会感到它们坚硬和刺痛，而是足够柔软，可以整合。拉涅利向我们展示了这个过程是如何围绕着她过去和现在的人类对象，并随着时间的推移，允许构建一个更安全的内部世界。他指出，在治疗结束时，这个女孩能够开始她有些延迟的青春期发育。她现在心理上足够安全，可以开始承担发展所需的健康风险。对格雷厄姆·Music来说，这种伸出手或走向——走向未来，或走向他人，冒着生命所需要的所有风险和欲望——的能力，不仅是从创伤中恢复的回报，也是治愈过程的重要组成部分。音乐也清楚地表明，愤怒是治愈的一部分。在《从平淡中重生:对创伤和忽视后的关闭状态的新思考》一书中，他描述了三种关闭状态以及如何处理它们。他描述了他早期职业生涯的作品，以及最近的作品，比较了他不断变化的技术。我们读到一个男孩的故事，他的防御在一个不那么细心的观察者看来可能会被认为是活泼的:“……他在足球场上表现出了敏捷的能力，欺凌行为停止了，他甚至可以更隐蔽地呆在雷达下，带着灿烂的微笑绕过群体生活的危险，就像他在足球场上滑过拦截一样。音乐描述了钳形运动。作为一名治疗师，他必须挑战这种逃避的品质，但如果他没有首先创造一个空间，让黑人男孩可以安全地生气:不被报复，不被误解，这是不会有帮助的。Music在《儿童心理治疗杂志》(JOURNAL of CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY) 2021年第47卷(NO. 47)上细致地记录了在厌恶的外表下新生的愤怒，这让我很感动。3,333 - 337 https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2021.2018480
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Alexandra de Rementeria","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2021.2018480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2021.2018480","url":null,"abstract":"We have had such a good response to our invitation for submissions relating to trauma that the theme will continue beyond this special issue, into the spring issue. We would like to foster debate and so would welcome short pieces (4000 words) in response to the papers here. In this issue, we have a diverse collection of papers approaching the topic of trauma from very different angles. The first paper, a single case study by Fiorenzo Ranieri, tracks the ways in which a pre-teen with a history of complex trauma uses the mind of her therapist to scaffold her rediscovery of the world from a place of safety following her adoption. Like a much younger child, she wants to notice and name the physical world, particularly places of importance to her but also the most simple items: ‘An “our” apple must be less distressing than “her” apple, linked to her memories. “Our” apple is less persecutory because it is thought together in a context, that of psychotherapy, which is sufficiently welcoming and non-conflictual . . . for her it is important that I explore things emotionally, in order to understand them as a form of personal experience. Once the objects are understood in this sense, through me Sarah too will be able to re -appropriate them without feeling them hard and stinging, but soft enough to be integrated.’ Ranieri shows us how this process went on to encompass the human objects of her past and present and, in time, allowed the construction of a safer internal world. He notes that by the end of treatment, the girl was able to begin her somewhat delayed adolescent development. She was now psychologically safe enough to begin taking the healthy risks that development demands. For Graham Music, this capacity to reach out or move towards – towards the future, or towards others, with all the risk and lust for life that requires – is not just the reward of recovering from trauma, but an essential part of the healing process. Music is also clear that anger is a part of healing. In ‘Resparking from flatness: New thoughts on shut-down states after trauma and neglect,’ he delineates three kinds of shutdown states and how to work with them. He describes work from his early career, as well as more recent work, comparing his changing technique. We read about a boy whose defences might have passed for liveliness before a less attentive observer: ‘ . . . he demonstrated a quicksilver ability on the football field, the bullying stopped and he could stay even more under the radar, gliding around the dangers of group-life with his big smile, rather like he glided past tackles on the football pitch.’ Music describes a pincer movement. As a therapist, he had to challenge this evasive quality, but this would not have been helpful if he had not first created a space where it was safe for a black boy to be angry: safe from retaliation and safe from being misconstrued. I was moved by the delicacy with which Music notes the nascent rage beneath a look of disgust on his JOUR","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":"47 1","pages":"333 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43843415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417x.2021.2021544
Maria Papadima
of us were thrown suddenly into online therapeutic work. The Journal of Child Psychotherapy December 2020 edition contributed enormously to the thinking about this kind of work and this chapter adds another important way of thinking about this ‘fundamental modification of the process and setting’. This well written book fills a gap in the introductory literature about psychodynamic psychotherapy. The added value lies in its highly skilled and knowledgeable approach to contemporary practice and challenges. It will soon be found on many library shelves where introductory courses are run.
{"title":"Treating complex trauma: a relational blueprint for collaboration and change","authors":"Maria Papadima","doi":"10.1080/0075417x.2021.2021544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417x.2021.2021544","url":null,"abstract":"of us were thrown suddenly into online therapeutic work. The Journal of Child Psychotherapy December 2020 edition contributed enormously to the thinking about this kind of work and this chapter adds another important way of thinking about this ‘fundamental modification of the process and setting’. This well written book fills a gap in the introductory literature about psychodynamic psychotherapy. The added value lies in its highly skilled and knowledgeable approach to contemporary practice and challenges. It will soon be found on many library shelves where introductory courses are run.","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":"47 1","pages":"495 - 498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44162887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2021.2013927
R. Emanuel
ABSTRACT This paper summarises my current understanding of relevant neuroscience and trauma therapy concepts, and discusses the implications for psychoanalytic psychotherapy with traumatised patients. It also explores the new social constructivist theory of ‘How emotions are made’ which has deep resonances with the psychoanalytic theory of thinking. These bio-psycho-social models and ideas challenge our existing traditional techniques and ways of working with trauma, and places the necessity of addressing body states at the forefront of our work. Some guidelines on working with traumatised children are discussed which take account of the newer findings of the impact of trauma on the body/brain.
{"title":"Changing minds and evolving views: a bio-psycho-social model of the impact of trauma and its implications for clinical work","authors":"R. Emanuel","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2021.2013927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2021.2013927","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper summarises my current understanding of relevant neuroscience and trauma therapy concepts, and discusses the implications for psychoanalytic psychotherapy with traumatised patients. It also explores the new social constructivist theory of ‘How emotions are made’ which has deep resonances with the psychoanalytic theory of thinking. These bio-psycho-social models and ideas challenge our existing traditional techniques and ways of working with trauma, and places the necessity of addressing body states at the forefront of our work. Some guidelines on working with traumatised children are discussed which take account of the newer findings of the impact of trauma on the body/brain.","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":"47 1","pages":"376 - 401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42897974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2021.2021436
Flavia Ansaldo
ABSTRACT This paper illustrates the role of child psychotherapists on Neonatal Units as reaching beyond the direct work with parents and babies to include an engagement with the staff's internal representations of the organisational sphere within which they are positioned. An understanding of the ‘organisation in the mind’ requires consideration of multiple levels, including the organisational and social processes that shape individuals’ experiences. Through the use of composite case studies inspired by my work on a Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU), I argue that psychoanalytically informed practice within these settings can include indirect and often unplanned interventions aimed at lessening socially structured defences and creating opportunities for thinking for both parents and staff. In my conclusions, I suggest that the role of child psychotherapists on these units, with its understanding of unconscious internal processes and organisational dynamics, can promote reflective practice and facilitate oedipal growth at both the individual and organisational level.
{"title":"Reflections on the organisational processes on a SCBU – a child psychotherapist's view","authors":"Flavia Ansaldo","doi":"10.1080/0075417X.2021.2021436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2021.2021436","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper illustrates the role of child psychotherapists on Neonatal Units as reaching beyond the direct work with parents and babies to include an engagement with the staff's internal representations of the organisational sphere within which they are positioned. An understanding of the ‘organisation in the mind’ requires consideration of multiple levels, including the organisational and social processes that shape individuals’ experiences. Through the use of composite case studies inspired by my work on a Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU), I argue that psychoanalytically informed practice within these settings can include indirect and often unplanned interventions aimed at lessening socially structured defences and creating opportunities for thinking for both parents and staff. In my conclusions, I suggest that the role of child psychotherapists on these units, with its understanding of unconscious internal processes and organisational dynamics, can promote reflective practice and facilitate oedipal growth at both the individual and organisational level.","PeriodicalId":43581,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY","volume":"47 1","pages":"453 - 469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46619443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2021.2013928
Rachel Acheson
One is conscious when approaching this area of research what a mammoth task lies ahead. Trauma is a complex and much debated field, both theoretically and clinically, and as the range of papers in this special issue demonstrates, can be approached and thought about from many different angles. As established in one of the abstracts included in this review (Norman et al., 2012), all forms of child maltreatment can have serious and significant impacts on several health indices, making the development of effective treatments all the more important. There is a plethora of research examining the treatment of trauma within youth psychotherapy, with the majority of it centring around trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-CBT). This approach, developed in the 1990s, is a shortterm intervention involving individual, parent, and family work, and focuses on the learning of cognitive strategies to manage negative emotions and beliefs stemming from highly distressing and/or abusive experiences. Meta-analysis (Morinaab et al., 2016) and systematic review (Carey & McMillen, 2012) have established the ‘high quality’ evidence for TF-CBT that subsequently has the most influence on public policy. However, eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is also emerging as an alternative treatment with a good evidence base (Moreno-Alcázar et al., 2017). Currently, The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends both these treatments for children and adolescents who have experienced trauma. To a lay observer of the field, decisions surrounding choice of intervention could easily appear quite straightforward. There is high quality evidence for short-term manualised treatments, which are well suited to delivery within a public health setting. However, these treatments rely on a level of functioning that does not exist in all children and families that have experienced trauma, and fail to address the multiple and insidious ways complex trauma can imbed within the psyche, as discussed in many of the papers in this special issue. The complexity and ‘livedexperience’ of engaging in therapy focused on treating trauma symptoms are addressed by some of the research abstracts included below. Eastwood et al. (2021) and Graham & Johnson (2021) seem to broadly highlight the importance of a relational and individual approach, while Tiwaria et al. (2021) echo this with a call for ‘client-centred, eclectic approaches.’ Psychodynamic psychotherapy has been widely used with children who have experienced maltreatment, especially those who have been placed in foster care or have been adopted. Some of these studies have been included in this review, amongst them a randomised controlled trial looking at the effectiveness of individual child psychotherapy for girls who were JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021, VOL. 47, NO. 3, 499–512 https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2021.2013928
在研究这一领域时，人们会意识到前方是一项艰巨的任务。创伤是一个复杂且备受争议的领域，无论是在理论上还是在临床上，正如本期特刊中的一系列论文所表明的那样，可以从许多不同的角度来看待和思考。正如本综述中的一篇摘要所述（Norman等人，2012年），所有形式的虐待儿童都会对几个健康指标产生严重和重大的影响，因此开发有效的治疗方法变得更加重要。在青少年心理治疗中，有大量研究对创伤的治疗进行了研究，其中大多数都集中在以创伤为中心的认知行为疗法（TF-CBT）上。这种方法发展于20世纪90年代，是一种涉及个人、父母和家庭工作的短期干预措施，侧重于学习认知策略，以管理因高度痛苦和/或虐待经历而产生的负面情绪和信念。荟萃分析（Morinaab et al.，2016）和系统综述（Carey&McMillen，2012）为TF-CBT建立了“高质量”证据，随后对公共政策产生了最大影响。然而，眼动脱敏和再处理（EMDR）也正在成为一种具有良好证据基础的替代治疗方法（Moreno-Alcázar等人，2017）。目前，美国国家健康与护理卓越研究所（NICE）建议对经历过创伤的儿童和青少年进行这两种治疗。对于该领域的外行观察者来说，围绕干预选择的决定可能很容易显得相当简单。有高质量的证据表明短期人工治疗非常适合在公共卫生环境中进行。然而，正如本期特刊中的许多论文所讨论的那样，这些治疗依赖于并非所有经历过创伤的儿童和家庭都存在的功能水平，并且未能解决复杂创伤可能嵌入心理的多种潜在方式。下面的一些研究摘要阐述了专注于治疗创伤症状的治疗的复杂性和“生活经验”。Eastwood等人（2021）和Graham&Johnson（2021）似乎广泛强调了关系和个人方法的重要性，而Tiwaria等人（2021年）则呼吁“以客户为中心，兼收并蓄的方法”心理动力学心理治疗已广泛用于遭受虐待的儿童，尤其是那些被寄养或被收养的儿童。其中一些研究已被纳入本综述，其中包括一项随机对照试验，研究个体儿童心理治疗对女孩的有效性，该试验发表在《儿童心理治疗杂志2021》第47卷第3期，499-512https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2021.2013928
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Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2021.2018481
R. Fleming
This is a well-researched book, which tackles many important contemporary themes of the modern world. It will help many people interested in psychodynamic psychotherapy to increase their knowledge and/or take informed steps towards clinical training. Although it is entirely about psychodynamic psychotherapy with adults, I could imagine many sections of the book being used for all pre-clinical course teaching. The book is separated into clear well written sections, and each chapter has highly relevant references and useful resources. The list of YouTube videos was, for this reviewer, a revelation. Quality online psychotherapeutic presentations can open up a rich source of learning.
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Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/0075417X.2021.2012498
F. Ranieri
ABSTRACT This paper illustrates features of psychoanalytic psychotherapy with a young adolescent who had experienced adverse childhood events, culminating in cumulative trauma. This led to the atrophying of her ‘sense of place’ and ‘place identity’, both integral to the development of a sense of self. The patient’s memory of places seemed to have been pulverised and required the contact and containment of the adult mind of the therapist to find recomposition. A therapeutic relationship developed, thanks to the sharing of objects and places which had become fragmented in the patient’s mind. There was a need for locations, paths, places, indeed entire nations needed to be emotionally recomposed in the transference, to assume rudimentary but thinkable forms. The psychotherapy made it possible to find part of my young patient’s memory through play, and the value of intensive but short-term work became evident. Psychotherapy allowed partial repair of the capacity for place attachment, which facilitated the exploration of the external world, the possibility of attachment to new places, and the construction of new place identities, alongside her developing sense of herself.
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