Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.2.4135.1
Farahnaz Amirlou, H. Saberi, Mitra Hakim Shoushtari
Objectives: It is highly important to identify the factors related to the general quality of life of parents, especially mothers of children with autism. Therefore, the present study aims to predict parenting stress based on mindfulness and meta-parenting considering the mediating role of parental self-efficacy of mothers of children with autism. Methods: The present correlational study was conducted using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The study population included all mothers of 2- to 14-year-old children with autism referring to the therapeutic clinics in Tehran City, Iran, in 2021. Of this population, a total of 250 individuals were selected using the purposive sampling method and then responded to the parenting stress (PSI-SF), mindfulness (MAAS), meta-parenting (M-PQ), and parental self-efficacy (PSAM) questionnaires. The data were analyzed via the SEM method in the AMOS 21.0 software. Results: The total path coefficient between mindfulness (P<0.01, β=-0.671), meta-parenting (P<0.01, β=-0.256), and parental self-efficacy (P<0.01, β=-0.352), and parenting stress was negative and significant. Also, the indirect path coefficient between parenting stress and mindfulness (P<0.01, β=-0.153) and meta-parenting (P<0.01, β= -0.116) was negative and significant at the level of 0.01. Moreover, the squared multiple correlation coefficient (R2) for the parenting stress variable was obtained at 0.63. Conclusion: Mindfulness and meta-parenting can predict parenting stress in mothers of children with autism both directly and with the intermediation of parental self-efficacy. Therefore, to develop interventions for preventing high levels of parenting stress, it is necessary to utilize the findings to improve parents’ parent-child relationships.
{"title":"Modeling the Parenting Stress of Mothers of Autistic Children Based on Mindfulness and Meta-parenting With the Mediation of Self-efficacy","authors":"Farahnaz Amirlou, H. Saberi, Mitra Hakim Shoushtari","doi":"10.32598/ijpcp.28.2.4135.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.28.2.4135.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: It is highly important to identify the factors related to the general quality of life of parents, especially mothers of children with autism. Therefore, the present study aims to predict parenting stress based on mindfulness and meta-parenting considering the mediating role of parental self-efficacy of mothers of children with autism. Methods: The present correlational study was conducted using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The study population included all mothers of 2- to 14-year-old children with autism referring to the therapeutic clinics in Tehran City, Iran, in 2021. Of this population, a total of 250 individuals were selected using the purposive sampling method and then responded to the parenting stress (PSI-SF), mindfulness (MAAS), meta-parenting (M-PQ), and parental self-efficacy (PSAM) questionnaires. The data were analyzed via the SEM method in the AMOS 21.0 software. Results: The total path coefficient between mindfulness (P<0.01, β=-0.671), meta-parenting (P<0.01, β=-0.256), and parental self-efficacy (P<0.01, β=-0.352), and parenting stress was negative and significant. Also, the indirect path coefficient between parenting stress and mindfulness (P<0.01, β=-0.153) and meta-parenting (P<0.01, β= -0.116) was negative and significant at the level of 0.01. Moreover, the squared multiple correlation coefficient (R2) for the parenting stress variable was obtained at 0.63. Conclusion: Mindfulness and meta-parenting can predict parenting stress in mothers of children with autism both directly and with the intermediation of parental self-efficacy. Therefore, to develop interventions for preventing high levels of parenting stress, it is necessary to utilize the findings to improve parents’ parent-child relationships.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47779934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of compassion-focused Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on psychological flexibility and psychological distress in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: This was an experimental study with pre-test-post-test, follow-up, and control group design. The statistical population included all multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, who were a member of the Khuzestan MS Society. From this population, 50 patients were selected by the simple random sampling method. Then, 32 patients were randomly selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two groups, namely the control group (n=16) and the experimental group (n=16). The experimental group was randomly divided into two groups of 8 patients. The experimental group received ten 90-min sessions of compassion-focused ACT. The participants answered the open and engaged state questionnaire and psychological distress scale. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) in the SPSS software, v. 24. Results: The results of MANCOVA showed a significant difference between the experimental and the control group in psychological flexibility and psychological distress in the posttest and follow-up stages. Conclusion: The compassion-focused ACT is effective in increasing psychological flexibility and reducing psychological distress in patients with MS.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Compassion Focused Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Psychological Flexibility and Psychological Distress in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"Reza Mansouri Koryani, Soodabeh Basaak Nejad, Mahnaz Mehrabizadeh Honarmand, Nastaran Majdinasab","doi":"10.32598/ijpcp.28.2.3747.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.28.2.3747.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of compassion-focused Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on psychological flexibility and psychological distress in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: This was an experimental study with pre-test-post-test, follow-up, and control group design. The statistical population included all multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, who were a member of the Khuzestan MS Society. From this population, 50 patients were selected by the simple random sampling method. Then, 32 patients were randomly selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two groups, namely the control group (n=16) and the experimental group (n=16). The experimental group was randomly divided into two groups of 8 patients. The experimental group received ten 90-min sessions of compassion-focused ACT. The participants answered the open and engaged state questionnaire and psychological distress scale. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) in the SPSS software, v. 24. Results: The results of MANCOVA showed a significant difference between the experimental and the control group in psychological flexibility and psychological distress in the posttest and follow-up stages. Conclusion: The compassion-focused ACT is effective in increasing psychological flexibility and reducing psychological distress in patients with MS.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42182903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.4082.1
Satriya Pranata, Rizka Harriami, Anna Kurnia, H. Wulandari, Dwin Seprian, Difran Nobel Bistara
Background: The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused many fatalities in Indonesia. This condition has triggered social changes that were never imagined before. There is no research that explores the public's perception of the sociological situation. Purpose: To sociologically explore community perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic situation in Indonesia Methods: Purposive sampling, one-on-one, in-depth with semi-structural interviews were conducted to collect data. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing ten participants. Narratives were analysed by Colaizzi’s (1978) seven-step method. Results: Six themes identified to illustrate sociologically community perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic situation in Indonesia were: 1. COVID-19 is very dangerous; 2. Threats to the social life sector; 3. Threats to the economic sector; 4. Threats to the education sector; 5. Global conspiracy; 6. Creating a new work area. Conclusion: This pandemic condition has changed many things in the social order of society and has a direct impact on various sectors such as education and the economy. Information about the impact of social phenomena that occur on society during a pandemic will be valuable information for government to determine appropriate policies about COVID-19 in Indonesia.
{"title":"Sociological public perception of the coronavirus disease 2019 situation in Indonesia: A phenomenological study","authors":"Satriya Pranata, Rizka Harriami, Anna Kurnia, H. Wulandari, Dwin Seprian, Difran Nobel Bistara","doi":"10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.4082.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.4082.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused many fatalities in Indonesia. This condition has triggered social changes that were never imagined before. There is no research that explores the public's perception of the sociological situation. Purpose: To sociologically explore community perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic situation in Indonesia Methods: Purposive sampling, one-on-one, in-depth with semi-structural interviews were conducted to collect data. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing ten participants. Narratives were analysed by Colaizzi’s (1978) seven-step method. Results: Six themes identified to illustrate sociologically community perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic situation in Indonesia were: 1. COVID-19 is very dangerous; 2. Threats to the social life sector; 3. Threats to the economic sector; 4. Threats to the education sector; 5. Global conspiracy; 6. Creating a new work area. Conclusion: This pandemic condition has changed many things in the social order of society and has a direct impact on various sectors such as education and the economy. Information about the impact of social phenomena that occur on society during a pandemic will be valuable information for government to determine appropriate policies about COVID-19 in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44965735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.227.13
A. Akhani, A. Ashouri, F. Hassanzadeh, Fatemeh Pourkhaghan, Zahra Reisi Sarteshneizy
Objectives: Pathological narcissism has broad phenotypical variations. The present study aimed to investigate the validity and characteristics of pathological narcissism in Iranian public university students. Methods: The present study is a descriptive research. This study was performed on 659 students in different degrees and fields in the academic year of 2018-2019, who were selected using cluster sampling method. The face validity was calculated by administering the questionnaire to a group of 30 students. The convergent validity was assessed using Test of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA-3), the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). Confirmatory factor analysis was also implemented to evaluate the seven-factor structure of the inventory. Differences between means regarding features of narcissistic personality in genders were evaluated using Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Every level of data analysis were performed using SPSS-20 and LISREL 8.8 software. Results: Findings indicated that all impact scores of questions were above 1/5. The internal consistency on the scales of this questionnaire ranged from 0.73 to 0.85, except for the entitlement rage equal to 0.66. Also, the correlation calculated between the two general factors of grandious and vulnerable narcissism with Test of Self-Conscious Affect, Beck's depression inventory and Rosenberg's self-esteem scale was significant and non-significant in relation to the narcissistic personality inventory (in Error level (0.05). Findings approved of the seven dimensions of PNI-BF in Iranian population. Comparison of narcissism scores among different genders showed that grandious scale was significantly higher in males. Conclusion: The findings confirm the psychometric characteristics of the pathological narcissism questionnaire in the public university students of Tehran population.
{"title":"Identifying the Characteristics of Pathological Narcissism in a Sample of Public University Students of Tehran in 2019","authors":"A. Akhani, A. Ashouri, F. Hassanzadeh, Fatemeh Pourkhaghan, Zahra Reisi Sarteshneizy","doi":"10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.227.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.227.13","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Pathological narcissism has broad phenotypical variations. The present study aimed to investigate the validity and characteristics of pathological narcissism in Iranian public university students. Methods: The present study is a descriptive research. This study was performed on 659 students in different degrees and fields in the academic year of 2018-2019, who were selected using cluster sampling method. The face validity was calculated by administering the questionnaire to a group of 30 students. The convergent validity was assessed using Test of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA-3), the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). Confirmatory factor analysis was also implemented to evaluate the seven-factor structure of the inventory. Differences between means regarding features of narcissistic personality in genders were evaluated using Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Every level of data analysis were performed using SPSS-20 and LISREL 8.8 software. Results: Findings indicated that all impact scores of questions were above 1/5. The internal consistency on the scales of this questionnaire ranged from 0.73 to 0.85, except for the entitlement rage equal to 0.66. Also, the correlation calculated between the two general factors of grandious and vulnerable narcissism with Test of Self-Conscious Affect, Beck's depression inventory and Rosenberg's self-esteem scale was significant and non-significant in relation to the narcissistic personality inventory (in Error level (0.05). Findings approved of the seven dimensions of PNI-BF in Iranian population. Comparison of narcissism scores among different genders showed that grandious scale was significantly higher in males. Conclusion: The findings confirm the psychometric characteristics of the pathological narcissism questionnaire in the public university students of Tehran population.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49391406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3697.1
Zahra Salarian Kaleji, H. Poursharifi, B. Dolatshahi, F. Momeni
Objective: Binge eating disorder is associated with problems in interpersonal and occupational relationships, quality of life, and sometimes weight gain. Many factors affect the formation of these disorder symptoms. The current study examined the relationship between body image victimization experiences and the severity of binge eating symptoms mediated by body image shame and self-criticism. Method: In this study, structural equation modeling was employed. Participants were 283 Iranian university students who completed a set of self-report measures of body image shame, forms of Self-Criticizing / Self-Reassuring, binge eating symptoms and body image victimization experiences. Results: The results showed that the symptoms of binge eating had a positive and significant relationship with body image shame (r = 0.51, p = 0.001), self-criticism (r = 0.51, p = 0.001), and body image victimization experiences (r = 0.56, p = 0.001). Also, body image shame (p < 0.05, ß = 10.0) and self-criticism (p < 0.05, ß = 0.12) mediated the relationship between victimization experiences and the severity of binge eating symptoms. Conclusion: Based on the results, self-criticism and shame of body image could mediate the relationship between the early body image victimization experiences in childhood and adolescence and the severity of binge eating symptoms in the Iranian sample. Therefore, researchers and clinicians can consider the effect of these factors on binge eating disorder.
{"title":"The Relationship between Body Image Victimization Experiences and Binge Eating Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Body Image Shame and Self-Criticism","authors":"Zahra Salarian Kaleji, H. Poursharifi, B. Dolatshahi, F. Momeni","doi":"10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3697.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3697.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Binge eating disorder is associated with problems in interpersonal and occupational relationships, quality of life, and sometimes weight gain. Many factors affect the formation of these disorder symptoms. The current study examined the relationship between body image victimization experiences and the severity of binge eating symptoms mediated by body image shame and self-criticism. Method: In this study, structural equation modeling was employed. Participants were 283 Iranian university students who completed a set of self-report measures of body image shame, forms of Self-Criticizing / Self-Reassuring, binge eating symptoms and body image victimization experiences. Results: The results showed that the symptoms of binge eating had a positive and significant relationship with body image shame (r = 0.51, p = 0.001), self-criticism (r = 0.51, p = 0.001), and body image victimization experiences (r = 0.56, p = 0.001). Also, body image shame (p < 0.05, ß = 10.0) and self-criticism (p < 0.05, ß = 0.12) mediated the relationship between victimization experiences and the severity of binge eating symptoms. Conclusion: Based on the results, self-criticism and shame of body image could mediate the relationship between the early body image victimization experiences in childhood and adolescence and the severity of binge eating symptoms in the Iranian sample. Therefore, researchers and clinicians can consider the effect of these factors on binge eating disorder.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49658352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.2000.3
S. Ghahremani, Fahimeh Ahmadian Vargahan, S. Khanjani, H. Farahani, Fahimeh Fathali Lavasani
Objective: The study was an attempt to investigate the psychometric properties of the mental health and social inadaptation measurement on Iranian adolescents. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study conducted in two separate phases. The sample of the first phase of the study included 604 students of Islamshahr city (academic year 1398-1399) who were selected by cluster sampling method.The second phase of the study was conducted on 44 adolescents who referred to medical centers in Tehran and were selected by convinent sampling method. Data collection questionnaires were the Mental health and social Inadaptation Assessment (MIA) and the Strengths and Dissiculties Questionnaire (SDQ). The data was analysed using confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Results of the study supported one and two factor structures for all of the psychopatology scales. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of scales ranged from 0.73 to 0.94 except for eating disorder and psychopathy scales (α = 0.57). The test-retest reliabiity of the majoritty of the scales were moderate to high (0.51< <0.81). However, the the psychopathy, eating disorder, and dysfunction related to eating scales showed low reliability (0.38< <0.48). Moreover, the correlation coefficient between the scales of the MIA and the scales of SDQ supported the the concurrent validity of the instrument (P <0.05). Conclusion: The MIA is promising to give valid and reliable results in screening adolescents' problems. However, the psychometric properties of the three scales of psychopathy (such as the original version), eating disorder, and eating-related dysfunction were not supported in this study.
{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Mental Health and Social Inadaptation Assessment in Iranian Adolescents","authors":"S. Ghahremani, Fahimeh Ahmadian Vargahan, S. Khanjani, H. Farahani, Fahimeh Fathali Lavasani","doi":"10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.2000.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.2000.3","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study was an attempt to investigate the psychometric properties of the mental health and social inadaptation measurement on Iranian adolescents. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study conducted in two separate phases. The sample of the first phase of the study included 604 students of Islamshahr city (academic year 1398-1399) who were selected by cluster sampling method.The second phase of the study was conducted on 44 adolescents who referred to medical centers in Tehran and were selected by convinent sampling method. Data collection questionnaires were the Mental health and social Inadaptation Assessment (MIA) and the Strengths and Dissiculties Questionnaire (SDQ). The data was analysed using confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Results of the study supported one and two factor structures for all of the psychopatology scales. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of scales ranged from 0.73 to 0.94 except for eating disorder and psychopathy scales (α = 0.57). The test-retest reliabiity of the majoritty of the scales were moderate to high (0.51< <0.81). However, the the psychopathy, eating disorder, and dysfunction related to eating scales showed low reliability (0.38< <0.48). Moreover, the correlation coefficient between the scales of the MIA and the scales of SDQ supported the the concurrent validity of the instrument (P <0.05). Conclusion: The MIA is promising to give valid and reliable results in screening adolescents' problems. However, the psychometric properties of the three scales of psychopathy (such as the original version), eating disorder, and eating-related dysfunction were not supported in this study.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44045116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3046.1
Akbar Taheri, S. Marashi, N. Hamid, K. Beshlideh
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of compassion focused therapy on psychological well-being and meaning in life of mothers of children with intellectual- developmental disorder in Ahvaz. Methods: The research method was experimental, pretest-posttest with control group. Participants included 30 people who were selected by random sampling method.15participants in the experimental group and 15 in the control group were randomly assigned and the intervention was conducted for the experimental group. The study instrument included Psychological Well-being Scale and meaning in life Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using multy-wayes analysis of covariance (MNCOVA) by SPSS-22. Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance statistical tests in experimental and control groups show that these groups were significantly different from each other in at least one of the dependent variables. F ratio of univariate analysis of covariance for psychological well-being (F=48.32, P≥0.001) and meaning in life (F=51.32, P≥0.001) was obtained in pre-test. In addition, the F ratio of univariate analysis of covariance was obtained for the psychological well-being variable (F=45.61, P≥0.001) and meaning in life (F=33.60, P≥0.001) in post-test. Therefore, a significant difference was observed in the dependent variables (psychological well-being and meaning in life) between experimental and control groups in the post-test and follow-up stages. Conclusion: The results showed that compassion-focused therapy significantly improved Psychological Well-being and fortificated meaning in life of mothers of children with mental-developmental disorder. A follow-up of four weeks also indicated the sustainability of the therapeutic changes. According to the findings of this research, compassion-focused therapy could significantly increase Psychological Well-being and meaning in life of mothers of children with mental- developmental disorder. Consequently this treatment is recommended as a useful intervention for increasing Psychological Well-being and meaning in life to psychotherapists.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Compassion Focused Therapy on Psychological Well-Being and Meaning in Life of Mothers of Children with Intellectual- Developmental Disorder","authors":"Akbar Taheri, S. Marashi, N. Hamid, K. Beshlideh","doi":"10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3046.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3046.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of compassion focused therapy on psychological well-being and meaning in life of mothers of children with intellectual- developmental disorder in Ahvaz. Methods: The research method was experimental, pretest-posttest with control group. Participants included 30 people who were selected by random sampling method.15participants in the experimental group and 15 in the control group were randomly assigned and the intervention was conducted for the experimental group. The study instrument included Psychological Well-being Scale and meaning in life Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using multy-wayes analysis of covariance (MNCOVA) by SPSS-22. Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance statistical tests in experimental and control groups show that these groups were significantly different from each other in at least one of the dependent variables. F ratio of univariate analysis of covariance for psychological well-being (F=48.32, P≥0.001) and meaning in life (F=51.32, P≥0.001) was obtained in pre-test. In addition, the F ratio of univariate analysis of covariance was obtained for the psychological well-being variable (F=45.61, P≥0.001) and meaning in life (F=33.60, P≥0.001) in post-test. Therefore, a significant difference was observed in the dependent variables (psychological well-being and meaning in life) between experimental and control groups in the post-test and follow-up stages. Conclusion: The results showed that compassion-focused therapy significantly improved Psychological Well-being and fortificated meaning in life of mothers of children with mental-developmental disorder. A follow-up of four weeks also indicated the sustainability of the therapeutic changes. According to the findings of this research, compassion-focused therapy could significantly increase Psychological Well-being and meaning in life of mothers of children with mental- developmental disorder. Consequently this treatment is recommended as a useful intervention for increasing Psychological Well-being and meaning in life to psychotherapists.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41393627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3788.1
Nasim Nasirpour, Mohammad Mehdi Abbasian, Abbas Ali Pour Aghajan
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of personality organization, job stress and ego strength on predicting audit quality in auditing organizations and independent audit companies. Method: The statistical population of this study is all auditors of the audit organization with 191 individuals and independent audit companies with 208 companies, which included at least 3 auditors in 2019, which finally constituted 815 people in the statistical population. 261 individuals were selected using random sampling method. For data collection, the standard questionnaires of audit quality, inventory of personality organization (IPO), job stress questionnaire and the Psychosocial Inventory of Ego Strengths (PIES) were used, which were designed based on a five-point Likert scale. Results: The research results showed that the variables of personality organization (0.425) and ego capability (0.222) had a positive and significant effect on the audit quality of auditors of independent audit companies and job stress (-0.505) had a significant and inverse impact on the audit quality of auditors of independent audit companies. Conclusion: The quality of auditors' audits can be predicted according to personality organization, ego strength and job stress of auditors, which can be used in the performance of stock exchange companies as well as other investment companies. The research findings can present new topics in professional associations for training courses.
{"title":"Investigating the Effect of Personality Organization, Job Stress and Ego Strength on Audit Quality","authors":"Nasim Nasirpour, Mohammad Mehdi Abbasian, Abbas Ali Pour Aghajan","doi":"10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3788.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3788.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of personality organization, job stress and ego strength on predicting audit quality in auditing organizations and independent audit companies. Method: The statistical population of this study is all auditors of the audit organization with 191 individuals and independent audit companies with 208 companies, which included at least 3 auditors in 2019, which finally constituted 815 people in the statistical population. 261 individuals were selected using random sampling method. For data collection, the standard questionnaires of audit quality, inventory of personality organization (IPO), job stress questionnaire and the Psychosocial Inventory of Ego Strengths (PIES) were used, which were designed based on a five-point Likert scale. Results: The research results showed that the variables of personality organization (0.425) and ego capability (0.222) had a positive and significant effect on the audit quality of auditors of independent audit companies and job stress (-0.505) had a significant and inverse impact on the audit quality of auditors of independent audit companies. Conclusion: The quality of auditors' audits can be predicted according to personality organization, ego strength and job stress of auditors, which can be used in the performance of stock exchange companies as well as other investment companies. The research findings can present new topics in professional associations for training courses.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45554088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.4010.1
hiva Soraya, Ruohollah Seddigh, Fatemeh Hadi, Mohammad Faramarzi
Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are a heterogeneous group of substances with a high affinity for cannabinoid receptors. Unlike Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), synthetic cannabinoids are incredibly potent, highly productive, have more affinity for the Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), and Cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2), and are designed to accelerate the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol. Also, there is experimental evidence that SCs acts on non-cannabinoid receptors, such as the 5-HT2B receptor or dopaminergic receptors. (1, 2).
{"title":"Chemical cannabis; The New Trend of addiction in Iran","authors":"hiva Soraya, Ruohollah Seddigh, Fatemeh Hadi, Mohammad Faramarzi","doi":"10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.4010.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.4010.1","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are a heterogeneous group of substances with a high affinity for cannabinoid receptors. Unlike Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), synthetic cannabinoids are incredibly potent, highly productive, have more affinity for the Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), and Cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2), and are designed to accelerate the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol. Also, there is experimental evidence that SCs acts on non-cannabinoid receptors, such as the 5-HT2B receptor or dopaminergic receptors. (1, 2).","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48906315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3706.1
Kamyar Mansouri, A. Ashouri, B. Gharaei, H. Farahani
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of fear of failure, self-compassion and intolerance of uncertainty in the relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism. Methods: This study was structural equation modeling. The statistical population was students studying for a master's degree in Tehran in 1399-1399. Using available sampling method, 440 student were selected as the sample. To analyze data, the correlation matrix in SPSS-24 software and structural equation modeling in Lisrel-8.80 software were used. Results: The results showed that the direct effect of perfectionism on fear of failure, intolerance of uncertainty, academic procrastination (P≥0.001) was positive and significant and the direct effect of perfectionism on self-compassion (P/00.001) was negative and significant. Also, the direct effect of fear of failure on academic procrastination was positive and significant (P≥0.001) and the direct effect of self-compassion on academic procrastination was negative and significant (P≥0.001). Also, the results of data analysis showed that fear of failure, intolerance of uncertainty and self-compassion have a significant role (P≥0.001) in the relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism is not a linear and simple relationship and fear of failure, self-compassion and intolerance of uncertainty has a mediating role in this relationship.
{"title":"The Mediating Role of Fear of Failure, Self-Compassion and Intolerance of Uncertainty in the Relationship Between Academic Procrastination and Perfectionism","authors":"Kamyar Mansouri, A. Ashouri, B. Gharaei, H. Farahani","doi":"10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3706.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3706.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of fear of failure, self-compassion and intolerance of uncertainty in the relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism. Methods: This study was structural equation modeling. The statistical population was students studying for a master's degree in Tehran in 1399-1399. Using available sampling method, 440 student were selected as the sample. To analyze data, the correlation matrix in SPSS-24 software and structural equation modeling in Lisrel-8.80 software were used. Results: The results showed that the direct effect of perfectionism on fear of failure, intolerance of uncertainty, academic procrastination (P≥0.001) was positive and significant and the direct effect of perfectionism on self-compassion (P/00.001) was negative and significant. Also, the direct effect of fear of failure on academic procrastination was positive and significant (P≥0.001) and the direct effect of self-compassion on academic procrastination was negative and significant (P≥0.001). Also, the results of data analysis showed that fear of failure, intolerance of uncertainty and self-compassion have a significant role (P≥0.001) in the relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism is not a linear and simple relationship and fear of failure, self-compassion and intolerance of uncertainty has a mediating role in this relationship.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44336137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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