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Modeling the Parenting Stress of Mothers of Autistic Children Based on Mindfulness and Meta-parenting With the Mediation of Self-efficacy 基于正念和元养育的自闭症儿童母亲养育压力模型:自我效能感的中介作用
IF 0.9 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.2.4135.1
Farahnaz Amirlou, H. Saberi, Mitra Hakim Shoushtari
Objectives: It is highly important to identify the factors related to the general quality of life of parents, especially mothers of children with autism. Therefore, the present study aims to predict parenting stress based on mindfulness and meta-parenting considering the mediating role of parental self-efficacy of mothers of children with autism. Methods: The present correlational study was conducted using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The study population included all mothers of 2- to 14-year-old children with autism referring to the therapeutic clinics in Tehran City, Iran, in 2021. Of this population, a total of 250 individuals were selected using the purposive sampling method and then responded to the parenting stress (PSI-SF), mindfulness (MAAS), meta-parenting (M-PQ), and parental self-efficacy (PSAM) questionnaires. The data were analyzed via the SEM method in the AMOS 21.0 software. Results: The total path coefficient between mindfulness (P‌<‌0.01, β‌=‌-‌0.671), meta-parenting (P‌<‌0.01, β‌=‌-0.256), and parental self-efficacy (P‌<‌0.01, β‌=‌-‌0.352), and parenting stress was negative and significant. Also, the indirect path coefficient between parenting stress and mindfulness (P‌<‌0.01, β‌=‌-‌0.153) and meta-parenting (P‌<‌0.01, β‌=‌ -‌0.116) was negative and significant at the level of 0.01. Moreover, the squared multiple correlation coefficient (R2) for the parenting stress variable was obtained at 0.63. Conclusion: Mindfulness and meta-parenting can predict parenting stress in mothers of children with autism both directly and with the intermediation of parental self-efficacy. Therefore, to develop interventions for preventing high levels of parenting stress, it is necessary to utilize the findings to improve parents’ parent-child relationships.
目的:确定与父母,尤其是自闭症儿童母亲的总体生活质量相关的因素非常重要。因此,本研究旨在基于正念和元育儿来预测父母压力,考虑到父母自我效能感在自闭症儿童母亲中的中介作用。方法:采用结构方程建模(SEM)方法进行相关研究。研究人群包括2021年在伊朗德黑兰市治疗诊所就诊的所有2至14岁自闭症儿童的母亲。在这一人群中,共有250人使用有目的的抽样方法进行了选择,然后对父母压力(PSI-SF)、正念(MAAS)、元育儿(M-PQ)和父母自我效能(PSAM)问卷进行了回应。通过AMOS 21.0软件中的SEM方法对数据进行分析。结果:正念之间的总路径系数(P‌<‌0.01,β‌=‌-‌0.671)、元养育(P‌<‌0.01,β‌=‌-0.256)、父母自我效能感(P‌<‌0.01,β‌=‌-‌0.352),并且养育压力是负面和显著的。父母压力与正念之间的间接路径系数(P‌<‌0.01,β‌=‌-‌0.153)和元养育(P‌<‌0.01,β‌=‌ -‌0.116)为阴性,且在0.01的水平上具有显著性。此外,父母压力变量的平方倍数相关系数(R2)为0.63。结论:正念和元育儿可以直接预测自闭症儿童母亲的育儿压力,也可以通过父母自我效能感来预测。因此,为了制定预防高水平育儿压力的干预措施,有必要利用这些发现来改善父母的亲子关系。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Short-term Clinical Guideline to Treat Sexual Addiction Disorder in People With Sexual Addiction: A Clinical Trial 评估短期临床指南治疗性成瘾患者性成瘾障碍的有效性:一项临床试验
IF 0.9 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.2.3864.1
M. B. Saberi Zafarghandi, Arash Javaheri, Mohsen Shati, M. Roshanpajouh
Objectives Sex addiction is one type of behavioral addiction that is characterized by extreme fantasies and hard-to-control sexual behaviors. This disorder causes problems in the lives of affected people and their victims. The treatment is non-pharmacological and psychological, which are time-consuming and expensive. Short-term interventions are one of the ways to help these people. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of short-term clinical guidelines to treat sexual addiction disorder in affected individuals. Methods This was a randomized clinical trial study with pre-test-post-test and follow-up. The studied population in this research included all people with sexual addiction disorder who live in Isfahan City, Iran. The statistical population was those who had the chance to be included in the study. These were individuals who were referred to outpatient and residential drug abuse treatment centers, psychiatric treatment centers, and sexual disorders treatment clinics. Using the balance block randomization method, 30 male subjects who were diagnosed with sex addiction disorder based on the cut-off point of the hypersexual behavior inventory (HBI) with a score of 53 and above were randomly divided into 2 intervention and comparison groups. The intervention group received ten 120-min therapy sessions held weekly. Because of the coronavirus pandemic, the treatment sessions had to be held virtually (Skype). The comparison group was put on hold so that they could benefit from the treatment if the guide was effective. Both groups completed the HBI three times. The first time was immediately before the treatment, the second time immediately after the intervention, and the third time 3 months later in the follow-up phase. The results were analyzed via repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) in the SPSS software, v. 22. Results In the present study, there were 30 patients with a sexual addiction disorder, of which 15 were in the intervention group and 15 were in the comparison group (the Mean age of the participants was 26.4 years). The Mean scores of HBI in the intervention group in the pretest, post-test, and follow-up stages were 67, 49, and 57, respectively, while the mean scores of HBI in the comparison group were 64, 60, and 59 for the pretest, post-test, and the follow-up, respectively. Repeated measurement findings showed that this clinical guideline is effective in reducing participants’ sexual addiction symptoms (P‌<‌0.01). Conclusion Clinical guideline for short-term treatment of sexual addiction disorder is effective in reducing the symptoms of sexual addiction disorder. Using this method, which can be held online, and considering its short time and reduced cost of treatment, allows more people to benefit from it.
性成瘾是一种以极端幻想和难以控制的性行为为特征的行为成瘾。这种紊乱会给患者及其受害者的生活带来问题。治疗是非药物和心理治疗,既耗时又昂贵。短期干预是帮助这些人的方法之一。本研究旨在评估短期临床指南对性成瘾患者的治疗效果。方法采用随机临床试验方法,采用前测后测和随访。本研究的研究对象包括居住在伊朗伊斯法罕市的所有性成瘾患者。统计人口是指那些有机会被纳入研究的人。这些人被转介到门诊和住院药物滥用治疗中心,精神治疗中心和性功能障碍治疗诊所。采用平衡块随机化的方法,将30名根据亢进性行为量表(hypersexual behavior inventory, HBI)分值在53分及以上诊断为性成瘾的男性受试者随机分为2个干预组和对照组。干预组每周进行10次120分钟的治疗。由于冠状病毒大流行,治疗过程必须通过虚拟方式(Skype)进行。对照组被搁置,这样如果指南有效,他们就可以从治疗中受益。两组都完成了三次HBI。第一次在治疗前,第二次在干预后,第三次在随访3个月后。结果通过SPSS软件v. 22中的重复测量方差分析(RM-ANOVA)进行分析。结果本研究性成瘾患者30例,干预组15例,对照组15例,平均年龄26.4岁。干预组HBI在前测、后测和随访阶段的平均得分分别为67、49和57分,对照组HBI在前测、后测和随访阶段的平均得分分别为64、60和59分。反复测量结果表明,该临床指南在减减性成瘾症状方面是有效的(P < 0.01)。结论性成瘾短期治疗临床指南能有效减轻性成瘾症状。使用这种可以在线进行的方法,考虑到它的时间短,治疗费用低,可以让更多的人从中受益。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying the Characteristics of Pathological Narcissism in a Sample of Public University Students of Tehran in 2019 在2019年德黑兰公立大学学生样本中识别病理性自恋的特征
IF 0.9 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.227.13
A. Akhani, A. Ashouri, F. Hassanzadeh, Fatemeh Pourkhaghan, Zahra Reisi Sarteshneizy
Objectives: Pathological narcissism has broad phenotypical variations. The present study aimed to investigate the validity and characteristics of pathological narcissism in Iranian public university students. Methods: The present study is a descriptive research. This study was performed on 659 students in different degrees and fields in the academic year of 2018-2019, who were selected using cluster sampling method. The face validity was calculated by administering the questionnaire to a group of 30 students. The convergent validity was assessed using Test of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA-3), the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). Confirmatory factor analysis was also implemented to evaluate the seven-factor structure of the inventory. Differences between means regarding features of narcissistic personality in genders were evaluated using Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Every level of data analysis were performed using SPSS-20 and LISREL 8.8 software. Results: Findings indicated that all impact scores of questions were above 1/5. The internal consistency on the scales of this questionnaire ranged from 0.73 to 0.85, except for the entitlement rage equal to 0.66. Also, the correlation calculated between the two general factors of grandious and vulnerable narcissism with Test of Self-Conscious Affect, Beck's depression inventory and Rosenberg's self-esteem scale was significant and non-significant in relation to the narcissistic personality inventory (in Error level (0.05). Findings approved of the seven dimensions of PNI-BF in Iranian population. Comparison of narcissism scores among different genders showed that grandious scale was significantly higher in males. Conclusion: The findings confirm the psychometric characteristics of the pathological narcissism questionnaire in the public university students of Tehran population.
目的:病理性自恋具有广泛的表型变异。本研究旨在调查伊朗公立大学学生病理性自恋的有效性和特征。方法:本研究为描述性研究。本研究采用整群抽样方法对2018-2019学年659名不同学历、不同领域的学生进行了研究。通过对30名学生进行问卷调查来计算面部有效性。使用自我意识情感测试(TOSCA-3)、自恋人格量表(NPI)、贝克抑郁量表(BDI)和Rosenberg自尊量表(RSE)评估收敛有效性。验证性因素分析也被用于评估库存的七因素结构。使用多变量方差分析评估了性别自恋人格特征均值之间的差异。采用SPSS-20和LISREL8.8软件对各层次的数据进行分析。结果:调查结果表明,所有问题的影响得分均在1/5以上。该问卷的量表内部一致性范围为0.73至0.85,但权利范围为0.66。此外,用自我意识情感测试、Beck抑郁量表和Rosenberg自尊量表计算出的自大自恋和脆弱自恋这两个一般因素与自恋人格量表的相关性显著和不显著(误差水平(0.05))。研究结果证实了伊朗人群PNI-BF的七个维度。不同性别自恋评分的比较表明,男性的自恋程度明显更高。结论:研究结果证实了德黑兰公立大学学生病理性自恋问卷的心理测量特征。
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引用次数: 0
Sociological public perception of the coronavirus disease 2019 situation in Indonesia: A phenomenological study 印尼2019冠状病毒病疫情的社会学公众认知:一项现象学研究
IF 0.9 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.4082.1
Satriya Pranata, Rizka Harriami, Anna Kurnia, H. Wulandari, Dwin Seprian, Difran Nobel Bistara
Background: The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused many fatalities in Indonesia. This condition has triggered social changes that were never imagined before. There is no research that explores the public's perception of the sociological situation. Purpose: To sociologically explore community perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic situation in Indonesia Methods: Purposive sampling, one-on-one, in-depth with semi-structural interviews were conducted to collect data. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing ten participants. Narratives were analysed by Colaizzi’s (1978) seven-step method. Results: Six themes identified to illustrate sociologically community perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic situation in Indonesia were: 1. COVID-19 is very dangerous; 2. Threats to the social life sector; 3. Threats to the economic sector; 4. Threats to the education sector; 5. Global conspiracy; 6. Creating a new work area. Conclusion: This pandemic condition has changed many things in the social order of society and has a direct impact on various sectors such as education and the economy. Information about the impact of social phenomena that occur on society during a pandemic will be valuable information for government to determine appropriate policies about COVID-19 in Indonesia.
背景:2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)的快速传播已在印度尼西亚造成多人死亡。这种状况引发了前所未有的社会变革。没有研究探讨公众对社会状况的看法。目的:从社会学角度探讨社区对印度尼西亚新冠肺炎疫情的认知。方法:进行有针对性的抽样、一对一、深入半结构访谈,收集数据。在采访了10名参与者后,数据达到饱和。叙述采用Colaizzi(1978)的七步法进行分析。结果:确定了六个主题,从社会学角度说明社区对印度尼西亚新冠肺炎疫情的看法:1。新冠肺炎非常危险;2.对社会生活部门的威胁;3.对经济部门的威胁;4.对教育部门的威胁;5.全球阴谋;6.创建一个新的工作区域。结论:这种流行病改变了社会秩序中的许多事情,并对教育和经济等各个部门产生了直接影响。关于大流行期间发生的社会现象对社会的影响的信息将是政府确定有关新冠肺炎的适当政策的宝贵信息。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship between Body Image Victimization Experiences and Binge Eating Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Body Image Shame and Self-Criticism 身体形象受害经历与暴饮症状的关系——身体形象羞耻与自我批评的中介作用
IF 0.9 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3697.1
Zahra Salarian Kaleji, H. Poursharifi, B. Dolatshahi, F. Momeni
Objective: Binge eating disorder is associated with problems in interpersonal and occupational relationships, quality of life, and sometimes weight gain. Many factors affect the formation of these disorder symptoms. The current study examined the relationship between body image victimization experiences and the severity of binge eating symptoms mediated by body image shame and self-criticism. Method: In this study, structural equation modeling was employed. Participants were 283 Iranian university students who completed a set of self-report measures of body image shame, forms of Self-Criticizing / Self-Reassuring, binge eating symptoms and body image victimization experiences. Results: The results showed that the symptoms of binge eating had a positive and significant relationship with body image shame (r = 0.51, p = 0.001), self-criticism (r = 0.51, p = 0.001), and body image victimization experiences (r = 0.56, p = 0.001). Also, body image shame (p < 0.05, ß = 10.0) and self-criticism (p < 0.05, ß = 0.12) mediated the relationship between victimization experiences and the severity of binge eating symptoms. Conclusion: Based on the results, self-criticism and shame of body image could mediate the relationship between the early body image victimization experiences in childhood and adolescence and the severity of binge eating symptoms in the Iranian sample. Therefore, researchers and clinicians can consider the effect of these factors on binge eating disorder.
目的:暴饮性饮食障碍与人际关系和职业关系、生活质量问题有关,有时还会导致体重增加。许多因素影响这些病症症状的形成。目前的研究考察了身体形象受害经历与身体形象羞耻和自我批评介导的暴饮症状严重程度之间的关系。方法:本研究采用结构方程模型。参与者是283名伊朗大学生,他们完成了一套关于身体形象羞耻感、自我批评/自我安慰形式、暴饮暴食症状和身体形象受害经历的自我报告测量。结果:暴饮暴食症状与身体形象羞耻感(r=0.51,p=0.001)、自我批评(r=0.52,p=0.0001)、身体形象受害经历(r=0.56,p=0.001)呈正相关,身体形象羞耻感(p<0.05,ß=10.0)和自我批评(p<0.05,223;=0.12)介导了受害经历与暴饮症状严重程度之间的关系。结论:根据研究结果,自我批评和身体形象羞耻感可以介导伊朗样本中儿童和青少年早期身体形象受害经历与暴饮暴食症状严重程度之间的关系。因此,研究人员和临床医生可以考虑这些因素对暴饮暴食症的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Psychometric Properties of the Mental Health and Social Inadaptation Assessment in Iranian Adolescents 伊朗青少年心理健康与社会不适应评估的心理测量特征
IF 0.9 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.2000.3
S. Ghahremani, Fahimeh Ahmadian Vargahan, S. Khanjani, H. Farahani, Fahimeh Fathali Lavasani
Objective: The study was an attempt to investigate the psychometric properties of the mental health and social inadaptation measurement on Iranian adolescents. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study conducted in two separate phases. The sample of the first phase of the study included 604 students of Islamshahr city (academic year 1398-1399) who were selected by cluster sampling method.The second phase of the study was conducted on 44 adolescents who referred to medical centers in Tehran and were selected by convinent sampling method. Data collection questionnaires were the Mental health and social Inadaptation Assessment (MIA) and the Strengths and Dissiculties Questionnaire (SDQ). The data was analysed using confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Results of the study supported one and two factor structures for all of the psychopatology scales. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of scales ranged from 0.73 to 0.94 except for eating disorder and psychopathy scales (α = 0.57). The test-retest reliabiity of the majoritty of the scales were moderate to high (0.51< <0.81). However, the the psychopathy, eating disorder, and dysfunction related to eating scales showed low reliability (0.38< <0.48). Moreover, the correlation coefficient between the scales of the MIA and the scales of SDQ supported the the concurrent validity of the instrument (P <0.05). Conclusion: The MIA is promising to give valid and reliable results in screening adolescents' problems. However, the psychometric properties of the three scales of psychopathy (such as the original version), eating disorder, and eating-related dysfunction were not supported in this study.
目的:探讨伊朗青少年心理健康和社会不适应的测量特征。材料与方法:本研究为横断面研究,分两个阶段进行。第一期研究样本采用整群抽样法选取伊斯兰沙赫尔市1398-1399学年604名学生。研究的第二阶段是在44名到德黑兰医疗中心就诊的青少年中进行的,并通过方便抽样的方法进行了选择。数据收集问卷为心理健康与社会不适应评估(MIA)和优势与障碍问卷(SDQ)。采用验证性因子分析、Cronbach’s alpha系数和Pearson相关系数对数据进行分析。结果:本研究结果支持一因子结构和二因子结构适用于所有的精神病理学量表。除饮食失调和精神病量表外,其他量表的Cronbach's alpha系数为0.73 ~ 0.94 (α = 0.57)。大部分量表的重测信度均为中高信度(0.51< <0.81)。而心理变态、饮食失调、饮食功能障碍量表的信度较低(0.38< <0.48)。此外,MIA量表与SDQ量表的相关系数支持量表的并发效度(P <0.05)。结论:MIA在青少年问题筛查中具有有效、可靠的效果。然而,精神病(如原始版本)、饮食失调和饮食相关功能障碍三个量表的心理测量特性在本研究中没有得到支持。
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引用次数: 0
The Effectiveness of Compassion Focused Therapy on Psychological Well-Being and Meaning in Life of Mothers of Children with Intellectual- Developmental Disorder 以同情为中心的治疗对智力发育障碍患儿母亲心理健康的影响及生活意义
IF 0.9 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3046.1
Akbar Taheri, S. Marashi, N. Hamid, K. Beshlideh
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of compassion focused therapy on psychological well-being and meaning in life of mothers of children with intellectual- developmental disorder in Ahvaz. Methods: The research method was experimental, pretest-posttest with control group. Participants included 30 people who were selected by random sampling method.15participants in the experimental group and 15 in the control group were randomly assigned and the intervention was conducted for the experimental group. The study instrument included Psychological Well-being Scale and meaning in life Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using multy-wayes analysis of covariance (MNCOVA) by SPSS-22. Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance statistical tests in experimental and control groups show that these groups were significantly different from each other in at least one of the dependent variables. F ratio of univariate analysis of covariance for psychological well-being (F=48.32, P≥0.001) and meaning in life (F=51.32, P≥0.001) was obtained in pre-test. In addition, the F ratio of univariate analysis of covariance was obtained for the psychological well-being variable (F=45.61, P≥0.001) and meaning in life (F=33.60, P≥0.001) in post-test. Therefore, a significant difference was observed in the dependent variables (psychological well-being and meaning in life) between experimental and control groups in the post-test and follow-up stages. Conclusion: The results showed that compassion-focused therapy significantly improved Psychological Well-being and fortificated meaning in life of mothers of children with mental-developmental disorder. A follow-up of four weeks also indicated the sustainability of the therapeutic changes. According to the findings of this research, compassion-focused therapy could significantly increase Psychological Well-being and meaning in life of mothers of children with mental- developmental disorder. Consequently this treatment is recommended as a useful intervention for increasing Psychological Well-being and meaning in life to psychotherapists.
目的:本研究的目的是确定以同情为中心的治疗对阿瓦兹智力发育障碍儿童母亲的心理健康和生活意义的有效性。方法:采用实验、前测、后测相结合的研究方法。参与者包括30人,采用随机抽样方法进行选择。实验组15人,对照组15人被随机分配,并对实验组进行干预。研究工具包括心理幸福感量表和生活意义问卷。数据采用SPSS-22软件进行多元协方差分析。结果:实验组和对照组的协方差统计检验的多变量分析表明,这些组在至少一个因变量方面存在显著差异。在预测试中获得心理幸福感(F=48.32,P≥0.001)和生活意义(F=51.32,P≤0.001)协方差的单变量分析的F比率。此外,在测试后,获得了心理健康变量(F=45.61,P≥0.001)和生活意义(F=33.60,P≥001)的协方差单变量分析的F比。因此,在测试后和随访阶段,实验组和对照组在因变量(心理健康和生活意义)方面存在显著差异。结论:以同情为中心的治疗能显著改善精神发育障碍患儿母亲的心理健康状况,增强其生活意义。四周的随访也表明了治疗变化的可持续性。根据这项研究的结果,以同情为中心的治疗可以显著提高患有精神发育障碍儿童的母亲的心理健康和生活意义。因此,这种治疗被推荐为一种有用的干预措施,以提高心理治疗师的心理健康和生活意义。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the Effect of Personality Organization, Job Stress and Ego Strength on Audit Quality 人格组织、工作压力和自我力量对审计质量的影响研究
IF 0.9 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3788.1
Nasim Nasirpour, Mohammad Mehdi Abbasian, Abbas Ali Pour Aghajan
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of personality organization, job stress and ego strength on predicting audit quality in auditing organizations and independent audit companies. Method: The statistical population of this study is all auditors of the audit organization with 191 individuals and independent audit companies with 208 companies, which included at least 3 auditors in 2019, which finally constituted 815 people in the statistical population. 261 individuals were selected using random sampling method. For data collection, the standard questionnaires of audit quality, inventory of personality organization (IPO), job stress questionnaire and the Psychosocial Inventory of Ego Strengths (PIES) were used, which were designed based on a five-point Likert scale. Results: The research results showed that the variables of personality organization (0.425) and ego capability (0.222) had a positive and significant effect on the audit quality of auditors of independent audit companies and job stress (-0.505) had a significant and inverse impact on the audit quality of auditors of independent audit companies. Conclusion: The quality of auditors' audits can be predicted according to personality organization, ego strength and job stress of auditors, which can be used in the performance of stock exchange companies as well as other investment companies. The research findings can present new topics in professional associations for training courses.
目的:本研究旨在探讨人格组织、工作压力和自我力量对审计机构和独立审计公司审计质量的预测作用。方法:本研究的统计人口为审计机构的所有审计员191人,独立审计公司的208家公司,其中2019年至少有3名审计员,最终构成统计人口815人。采用随机抽样法选取261人。在数据收集方面,采用了标准的审计质量问卷、人格组织量表(IPO)、工作压力问卷和自我优势心理社会量表(PIES),这些问卷均采用李克特五点量表设计。结果:研究结果显示,人格组织变量(0.425)和自我能力变量(0.222)对独立审计公司审计师的审计质量具有显著的正向影响,工作压力变量(-0.505)对独立审计公司审计师的审计质量具有显著的负向影响。结论:审计师的人格组织、自我力量和工作压力可以预测审计师的审计质量,可用于证券交易所公司以及其他投资公司的绩效。研究结果可以为专业协会的培训课程提供新的课题。
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引用次数: 1
Chemical cannabis; The New Trend of addiction in Iran 化学大麻;伊朗毒瘾的新趋势
IF 0.9 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.4010.1
hiva Soraya, Ruohollah Seddigh, Fatemeh Hadi, Mohammad Faramarzi
Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are a heterogeneous group of substances with a high affinity for cannabinoid receptors. Unlike Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), synthetic cannabinoids are incredibly potent, highly productive, have more affinity for the Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), and Cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2), and are designed to accelerate the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol. Also, there is experimental evidence that SCs acts on non-cannabinoid receptors, such as the 5-HT2B receptor or dopaminergic receptors. (1, 2).
合成大麻素(SC)是一组对大麻素受体具有高亲和力的异质性物质。与Δ9-四氢大麻酚(THC)不同,合成的大麻素具有令人难以置信的强效、高效性,对1型大麻酚受体(CB1)和2型大麻酚接收器(CB2)具有更强的亲和力,旨在加速四氢大麻醇的作用。此外,有实验证据表明SC作用于非大麻素受体,如5-HT2B受体或多巴胺能受体。(1,2)。
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引用次数: 0
The Mediating Role of Fear of Failure, Self-Compassion and Intolerance of Uncertainty in the Relationship Between Academic Procrastination and Perfectionism 失败恐惧、自我同情和不确定性不容忍在学业拖延与完美主义关系中的中介作用
IF 0.9 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.32598/ijpcp.28.1.3706.1
Kamyar Mansouri, A. Ashouri, B. Gharaei, H. Farahani
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of fear of failure, self-compassion and intolerance of uncertainty in the relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism. Methods: This study was structural equation modeling. The statistical population was students studying for a master's degree in Tehran in 1399-1399. Using available sampling method, 440 student were selected as the sample. To analyze data, the correlation matrix in SPSS-24 software and structural equation modeling in Lisrel-8.80 software were used. Results: The results showed that the direct effect of perfectionism on fear of failure, intolerance of uncertainty, academic procrastination (P≥0.001) was positive and significant and the direct effect of perfectionism on self-compassion (P/00.001) was negative and significant. Also, the direct effect of fear of failure on academic procrastination was positive and significant (P≥0.001) and the direct effect of self-compassion on academic procrastination was negative and significant (P≥0.001). Also, the results of data analysis showed that fear of failure, intolerance of uncertainty and self-compassion have a significant role (P≥0.001) in the relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism is not a linear and simple relationship and fear of failure, self-compassion and intolerance of uncertainty has a mediating role in this relationship.
目的:探讨失败恐惧、自我同情和不确定性不容性在学业拖延与完美主义关系中的中介作用。方法:采用结构方程模型。统计人口是1399-1399年间在德黑兰攻读硕士学位的学生。采用现有的抽样方法,选取440名学生作为样本。数据分析采用SPSS-24软件中的相关矩阵和Lisrel-8.80软件中的结构方程建模。结果:完美主义对失败恐惧、不确定性耐受、学业拖延的直接正向影响(P≥0.001)显著,对自我同情的直接负向影响(P/00.001)显著。失败恐惧对学业拖延的直接影响为正向显著(P≥0.001),自我同情对学业拖延的直接影响为负向显著(P≥0.001)。此外,数据分析结果显示,对失败的恐惧、对不确定性的容忍和自我同情在学业拖延与完美主义的关系中起着显著的作用(P≥0.001)。结论:因此,基于本研究的结果,可以得出学业拖延与完美主义的关系不是线性的、简单的关系,失败恐惧、自我同情和对不确定性的不容忍在这一关系中起中介作用。
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引用次数: 3
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Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
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