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Lesions Detection of Multiple Sclerosis in 3D Brian MR Images by Using Artificial Immune Systems and Support Vector Machines 基于人工免疫系统和支持向量机的多发性硬化症脑MR三维图像病变检测
IF 0.9 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijcini.20210401.oa8
Amina Merzoug, Nacéra Benamrane, A. Taleb-Ahmed
This paper presents a segmentation method to detect multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions in brain MRI based on the artificial immune systems (AIS) and a support vector machines (SVM). In the first step, AIS is used to segment the three main brain tissues white matter, gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid. Then the features were extracted and SVM is applied to detect the multiple sclerosis lesions based on SMO training algorithm. The experiments conducted on 3D brain MR images produce satisfying results. KeywoRDS 3D Brain MRI, AIS, Detection, Lesions, Multiple Sclerosis, Segmentation, SMO, SVM INTRoDUCTIoN Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune chronic disease of the central nervous system especially the brain, the optic nerves and the spinal cord. The symptoms are very variable, numbness of a limb, blurred vision, loss of equilibrium...etc (Xavier et al, 2012). Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can accurately visualize and locate plaques in both the brain and spinal cord. Depending on the sequences used, they appear white (in technical terms, we speak of “hypersignals”) or black (“hyposignals”). In 2019, more than 2.4 million people suffer from multiple sclerosis .The research is focused on finding innovative treatments to relieve people with MS. The goal of this study is to detect abnormalities of gray matter and white matter in MS from 3D RM Image Many methods have been proposed to automatically segment lesions since manual segmentation requires expert knowledge, is time consuming and is subject to intraand interexpert variability (Vera-Olmos et al, 2016). Veronese et al (Veronese et al, 2013) proposed a fuzzy classification algorithm that uses spatial information for MS lesion segmentation. In addition to spatial information, standard deviation dependent filtering is incorporated into the algorithm to provide better noise immunity. Also, fuzzy logic is adjusted to be more selective on vertical elliptical objects instead of circular objects since most plates are in this form. Saba et al (Saba et al, 2018) presented a method of segmentation of MS lesions beginning with contour detection using the canny algorithm, and then a modified blurred mean c algorithm is applied International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence Volume 15 • Issue 2 • April-June 2021 98 to increase the accuracy of the diagnosis. Pre-treatment techniques are applied to get the best result were used, such as the brain extraction tool and binarisation Bassem (Bassem, 2012) proposed a technique for segmentation of Sclerosis lesions by using texture textural features and support vector machines. They used two generic configurable components: a central processing module that locates areas of the brain that may form MS lesions, and a postprocessing module that adds or removes these areas for more accurate data. Based on these configurable modules, single-view segmentation and multiple-section view pipelines are provided to address the limitations found in segmentation r
该方法分为三个步骤(见图1)。对于每张3D MR图像,使用AIS对脑白质、灰质和脑脊液三种主要组织进行分割。作者计算了许多特征,然后将支持向量机用于MS病变分割,因为MS病变位于白质上。研究人员首先利用AIS算法对上述三种类别(灰质、白质、脑脊液)的脑MR图像进行了分割。人工免疫系统是一个包含数学和生物学原理的模型,因为自然免疫系统提供了有趣的特征,如记忆和学习,这将有助于解决问题(Tavana et al, 2016)。International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence卷15•第2期•2021年4月- 6月99 Learning此阶段是寻找代表本研究区域的记忆细胞(体素),然后使用CLONCLAS算法使用人工克隆选择原理进行分类。该算法中使用的元素有(Komaki等人,2016):•抗体:或样本代表识别抗原图像的训练基础。•抗原:代表我们想要确定类的例子的基础。•亲和力:免疫系统中的亲和力是抗体和抗原之间相似性的度量:后两者用一个点表示。亲和是这两点之间的距离,在这个作品中,我们使用了欧几里得距离。•记忆细胞:代表为该类找到的最佳抗体。通过CLONAG算法逐类学习(Komaki et al, 2016): 1。训练样本被认为是抗体(Ab)的先验。其中一个随机抽取的样本被比作抗原(Ag)。通过欧几里得距离,他们计算出该Ag与该类所有ab的亲和力。2. Abs体素根据它们与所考虑的Ag的亲和度按降序排列。选择前N个体素进行克隆,同时保留第一个体素形成记忆细胞Mc类匹配。图1所示。国际认知信息学与自然智能杂志第15卷第2期2021年4月- 6月克隆n个选定的体素i,按其亲和度的比例。一个体素的克隆数甚至比该体素的亲和度高。这个数的计算方法如下:每个成员的克隆数:Nc = round (β* (n/I))(1)其中Nc为一个元素的克隆数,β为克隆系数,I为要克隆的元素的位置,round是将实数舍入为整数的函数。克隆总数(Erik et al, 2012):
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引用次数: 5
Learning Trajectory Patterns via Canonical Correlation Analysis 典型相关分析的学习轨迹模式
IF 0.9 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijcini.20210401.oa1
P. Huang, Jinliang Lu
A substantial body of research has been devoted to the analysis of motion trajectories. Usually, a motion trajectory consists of a set of coordinates, which is called a raw trajectory. In this paper, the authors first use vectors for some artificially constructed global features, such as the mean discrete curvature and standard deviation of acceleration, to represent the raw trajectory data, and then apply a multiset canonical correlation analysis method to extract latent features from the artificially constructed features. The performance of the latent features is then measured by evaluating the accuracy and F1 score of a gradient boosting decision tree model for different datasets, which include paired sample datasets and unpaired sample datasets. The experimental results show that the classifier performance for MCCA features is much better than that obtained for the artificially constructed features, such as that for the motion distance or mean velocity.
大量的研究致力于运动轨迹的分析。通常,运动轨迹由一组坐标组成,称为原始轨迹。在本文中,作者首先对一些人工构造的全局特征(如平均离散曲率和加速度标准差)使用向量表示原始轨迹数据,然后应用多集典型相关分析方法从人工构造的特征中提取潜在特征。然后通过评估梯度增强决策树模型对不同数据集(包括成对样本数据集和非成对样本数据集)的准确性和F1分数来衡量潜在特征的性能。实验结果表明,基于MCCA特征的分类器的分类性能明显优于基于运动距离或平均速度等人工构造特征的分类器。
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引用次数: 0
An AI Using Construction Grammar to Understand Text: Parsing Improvements 使用结构语法理解文本的AI:解析改进
IF 0.9 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijcini.20210401.oa4
Denis Kiselev
This paper describes an AI that uses construction grammar (CG)—a means of knowledge representation for deep understanding of text. The proposed improvements aim at more versatility of the text form and meaning knowledge structure, as well as for intelligent choosing among possible parses. Along with the improvements, computational CG techniques that form the implementation basis are explained. Evaluation experiments utilize a Winograd schema (WS)—a major test for AI—dataset and compare the implementation with state-of-the-art ones. Results have demonstrated that compared with such techniques as deep learning, the proposed CG approach has a higher potential for the task of anaphora resolution involving deep understanding of the natural language.
本文描述了一种使用构造语法(CG)的人工智能——一种用于深度理解文本的知识表示方法。提出的改进旨在提高文本形式和意义知识结构的通用性,以及在可能的解析中进行智能选择。随着改进,计算CG技术形成的实现基础进行了解释。评估实验利用Winograd模式(WS) -人工智能数据集的主要测试,并将其实现与最先进的实现进行比较。结果表明,与深度学习等技术相比,所提出的CG方法在涉及对自然语言的深度理解的回指解决任务方面具有更高的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
The Research of Social Network Analysis on College Students' Interactive Relations 大学生互动关系的社会网络分析研究
IF 0.9 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijcini.20210401.oa5
Chang-Ai Chen, Min Chen
Nowadays the number of college students' suicides are increasing for the insufficient social support or poor interpersonal relations. Furthermore, not much attention has been concerned to students' interpersonal relations when handling student affairs and only very limited information about students' interaction network is available. This paper studies the peer network of college students by using the tool of social network analysis. And it aims to serve as instrumental support for students to foster and develop harmonious interpersonal relations. It offers new information for school counsellor to better handle student affairs and provides information support for the carrying out of moral and ideological guidance for students.
如今,由于社会支持不足或人际关系不佳,大学生自杀的人数正在增加。此外,在处理学生事务时,对学生的人际关系关注不够,关于学生互动网络的信息非常有限。本文运用社会网络分析的工具对大学生的同伴网络进行了研究。旨在为学生培养和发展和谐的人际关系提供工具性支持。为学校辅导员更好地处理学生事务提供了新的信息,为开展对学生的思想道德指导提供了信息支持。
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引用次数: 4
Intelligent Bionic Optimization Algorithm Based on the Growth Characteristics of Tree Branches 基于树枝生长特性的智能仿生优化算法
IF 0.9 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijcini.20210401.oa3
Fei Tang
To improve the performance of bionic algorithms, an intelligent bionic optimization algorithm is proposed based on the morphological characteristics of trees growing toward light. The growth organ of the tree is mapped into the coding of the tree growth algorithm, and the entire tree is formed by selecting the fastest growing individual to form the next level of the tree. When the tree growth reaches a certain level, the individual code of the shoot tip is added to enhance the search ability of the individual shoot tip in the growth space of the entire tree. This method achieves a near-optimal solution. The experimental results were compared with the optimization results of the genetic algorithm and the ant colony algorithm using the classic optimization function. The experimental results show that this algorithm has fewer iterations, a faster convergence speed, higher precision, and a better optimization ability than the genetic algorithm or the ant colony algorithm.
为了提高仿生算法的性能,提出了一种基于树木向光生长形态特征的智能仿生优化算法。将树的生长器官映射到树生长算法的编码中,通过选择生长最快的个体构成树的下一层,形成整棵树。当树的生长达到一定水平时,加入茎尖的个体编码,增强单个茎尖在整个树的生长空间中的搜索能力。该方法可获得近似最优解。利用经典优化函数,将实验结果与遗传算法和蚁群算法的优化结果进行了比较。实验结果表明,与遗传算法或蚁群算法相比,该算法迭代次数少,收敛速度快,精度高,优化能力强。
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引用次数: 3
Arrhythmia Classification Using Radial Basis Function Network With Selective Features From Empirical Mode Decomposition 基于经验模态分解选择性特征的径向基函数网络的心律失常分类
IF 0.9 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijcini.2021010104
Saumendra Kumar Mohapatra, M. Mohanty
In this piece of work, the authors have attempted to classify four types of long duration arrhythmia electrocardiograms (ECG) using radial basis function network (RBFN). The data is taken from Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital (MIT-BIH) arrhythmia database, and features are extracted using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) technique. For most informative contents average power (AP) and coefficient of dispersion (CD) are evaluated from six intrinsic mode function (IMFs) of EMD. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used for feature reduction for effective classification using RBFN. The performance is shown in the result section, and it is found that the classification accuracy is 95.98%.
在这项工作中,作者尝试使用径向基函数网络(RBFN)对四种类型的长时程心律失常心电图(ECG)进行分类。数据来自麻省理工学院-贝斯以色列医院(MIT-BIH)心律失常数据库,并使用经验模式分解(EMD)技术提取特征。对于大多数信息内容,平均功率(AP)和色散系数(CD)由EMD的六个本征模态函数(IMFs)求得。采用主成分分析(PCA)进行特征约简,实现RBFN的有效分类。结果部分显示了性能,发现分类准确率为95.98%。
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引用次数: 0
Brain Tumor Segmentation From Multimodal MRI Data Based on GLCM and SVM Classifier 基于GLCM和SVM分类器的多模态MRI数据脑肿瘤分割
IF 0.9 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijcini.20211001.oa15
Na Li, Zhenghe Yang
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引用次数: 0
A Visual Saliency-Based Approach for Content-Based Image Retrieval 基于视觉显著性的基于内容的图像检索方法
IF 0.9 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijcini.2021010101
Aamir Khan, A. S. Jalal
During the past two decades an enormous amount of visual information has been generated; as a result, content-based image retrieval (CBIR) has received considerable attention. In CBIR the image is used as a query to find the most similar images. One of the biggest challenges in CBIR system is to fill up the “semantic gap,” which is the gap between low-level visual features and the high-level semantic concepts of an image. In this paper, the authors have proposed a saliency-based CBIR system that utilizes the semantic information of image and users search intention. In the proposed model, firstly a significant region is identified with the help of method structured matrix decomposition (SMD) using high-level priors that highlight the prominent area of the image. After that, a two-dimensional principal component analysis (2DPCA) is used as a feature, which is compact and effectively used for fast recognition. Experiment results are validated on different image dataset having an extensive collection of semantic classifications.
在过去的二十年里,产生了大量的视觉信息;因此,基于内容的图像检索(CBIR)受到了广泛的关注。在CBIR中,图像被用作查找最相似图像的查询。CBIR系统最大的挑战之一是填补“语义空白”,即图像的低级视觉特征和高级语义概念之间的空白。本文提出了一种基于显著性的CBIR系统,该系统利用图像的语义信息和用户的搜索意图。在该模型中,首先利用结构化矩阵分解(SMD)方法识别重要区域,使用高阶先验来突出图像的突出区域。然后,利用二维主成分分析(2DPCA)作为特征,该特征结构紧凑,可以有效地用于快速识别。实验结果在具有广泛语义分类集合的不同图像数据集上进行验证。
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引用次数: 2
Applications of Cognitive Intelligence in the Information Retrieval Process and Associated Challenges 认知智能在信息检索过程中的应用及其挑战
IF 0.9 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijcini.2021010103
Mamata Rath, J. Rodrigues, G. Oreku
Information retrieval refers to a noteworthy system of identifying relevant information and recovering it through specific procedures from stored system. These technique is used in many differentiated applications that deal with subjective intelligence. Applications based on information retrieval are identified with various issues, for example, in technology domain, the sudden size changes of the objectives as they approach the sensor. If not taken care of appropriately, the altered changes can present substantial issues in information affiliation and position estimation. Under such a system, the meaning of the objective state is the fundamental advance for programmed comprehension of dynamic scenes. This is the reason of requirement of cognitive models for information retrieval. The existent models move around the connection between data list terms and records.
信息检索是指从存储系统中识别相关信息,并通过特定程序将其恢复的一种值得注意的系统。这些技术被用于处理主观智能的许多不同应用程序中。基于信息检索的应用存在各种问题,例如,在技术领域,目标物在接近传感器时突然发生尺寸变化。如果处理不当,改变后的变化可能会在信息关联和位置估计中出现实质性问题。在这样的系统下,客观状态的意义是对动态场景程序化理解的根本推进。这就是信息检索需要认知模型的原因。现有的模型围绕数据列表项和记录之间的连接移动。
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引用次数: 4
Satellite Imagery Noising With Generative Adversarial Networks 基于生成对抗网络的卫星图像降噪
IF 0.9 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijcini.2021010102
Akram Zaytar, Chaker El Amrani
Using satellite imagery and remote sensing data for supervised and self-supervised learning problems can be quite challenging when parts of the underlying datasets are missing due to natural phenomena (clouds, fog, haze, mist, etc.). Solving this problem will improve remote sensing data augmentation and make use of it in a world where satellite imagery represents a great resource to exploit in any big data pipeline setup. In this paper, the authors present a generative adversarial network (GANs) model that can generate natural atmospheric noise that serves as a data augmentation preprocessing tool to produce input to supervised machine learning algorithms.
当由于自然现象(云、雾、霾、薄雾等)而丢失部分底层数据集时,使用卫星图像和遥感数据进行监督和自监督学习问题可能相当具有挑战性。解决这一问题将改善遥感数据增强,并在卫星图像代表任何大数据管道设置中都可以利用的巨大资源的世界中利用它。在本文中,作者提出了一种生成对抗网络(GANs)模型,该模型可以产生自然大气噪声,作为数据增强预处理工具,为监督机器学习算法产生输入。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence
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