Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341619
Amjad Ali, A. Salman, Fahd Amjad, F. Khan
Climate change is the hotspot of every political and economic debate around the world. Its impacts are severe, and developing countries are highly vulnerable. Greenhouse gas emissions are growing because of economic expansion and an ever-expanding population. Using a fully modified OLS estimator, this study evaluated the link between sulfur emissions (SO2) and economic indices in SAARC nations. In addition, the study included panel data from SAARC nations from 1975 to 2018. For the long-run connection between variables, the study used panel unit root and cointegration tests. The study also included a trend analysis to comprehend the dataset’s monotone tendency. The findings signify that the GDP growth has negatively influenced SO2 emissions. Therefore, foreign direct investment, trade openness, electric energy production, and population growth positively relate to SO2 emissions. The SAARC countries will promote sustainable economic growth because GDP growth is not influencing greenhouse gases. The demand for energy in SAARC countries is growing by with increasing population and economic growth by integrating different economic corridors in the Asia region, which affects environmental quality through increased economic activities. All the nations need to increase renewable resources for energy generation; otherwise, the problem of the environment remains unsolved. SAARC countries need to change the goods mix in international trade and avoid dirty imports and exports to adopt market-based policies.
{"title":"Growth Dynamics of Sulfur Emissions in the Case of SAARC Countries","authors":"Amjad Ali, A. Salman, Fahd Amjad, F. Khan","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341619","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Climate change is the hotspot of every political and economic debate around the world. Its impacts are severe, and developing countries are highly vulnerable. Greenhouse gas emissions are growing because of economic expansion and an ever-expanding population. Using a fully modified OLS estimator, this study evaluated the link between sulfur emissions (SO2) and economic indices in SAARC nations. In addition, the study included panel data from SAARC nations from 1975 to 2018. For the long-run connection between variables, the study used panel unit root and cointegration tests. The study also included a trend analysis to comprehend the dataset’s monotone tendency. The findings signify that the GDP growth has negatively influenced SO2 emissions. Therefore, foreign direct investment, trade openness, electric energy production, and population growth positively relate to SO2 emissions. The SAARC countries will promote sustainable economic growth because GDP growth is not influencing greenhouse gases. The demand for energy in SAARC countries is growing by with increasing population and economic growth by integrating different economic corridors in the Asia region, which affects environmental quality through increased economic activities. All the nations need to increase renewable resources for energy generation; otherwise, the problem of the environment remains unsolved. SAARC countries need to change the goods mix in international trade and avoid dirty imports and exports to adopt market-based policies.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76369823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341617
Vadood Javan Amani, H. Akbari
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major effect on our lives. Many of us are facing challenges that can be stressful and overwhelming and cause strong emotions in adults and children. The purpose of this study was to measure the level of anxiety of non-clinical individuals in the Iranian community towards COVID-19 in Tehran. The present study is a descriptive correlational method with 308 individuals participating in the study through an online recall. A researcher-made coronary anxiety questionnaire with 18 questions was used to collect data. The data were analyzed by using Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency and Guttman’s λ2 method. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using Lisrel-8.8 software was used to evaluate the tool construct validity. To standardize the raw scores, they were converted to standard T scores and percentile rank using Jmetrik-4.1.1 software and were prepared as normative tables. The Guttman’s λ2 value for the whole questionnaire was obtained as (λ = 0.922), Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for psychological symptoms as (α = 0.879), physical symptoms as (α = 0.861), and for the whole questionnaire as (α = 0.919). The range of scores of the questionnaire factors and total score of COVID-related anxiety severity based on standard T scores was divided into three domains: mild, moderate, and severe. The increase in psychological and physical symptom scores of coronavirus anxiety was significantly associated with physical symptoms, anxiety, depression, and social dysfunction. The fact that anxiety acts as a predisposing and health-threatening variable has confirmed that other researchers should examine its psychometric properties in other populations (especially compared to the clinical population to increase the diagnostic value of this questionnaire) as well as in relation to other psychological, social and medical concepts and variables.
{"title":"Anxiety Management among Non-Clinical Society towards COVID-19 Pandemic in the Iranian Context","authors":"Vadood Javan Amani, H. Akbari","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341617","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major effect on our lives. Many of us are facing challenges that can be stressful and overwhelming and cause strong emotions in adults and children. The purpose of this study was to measure the level of anxiety of non-clinical individuals in the Iranian community towards COVID-19 in Tehran. The present study is a descriptive correlational method with 308 individuals participating in the study through an online recall. A researcher-made coronary anxiety questionnaire with 18 questions was used to collect data. The data were analyzed by using Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency and Guttman’s λ2 method. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using Lisrel-8.8 software was used to evaluate the tool construct validity. To standardize the raw scores, they were converted to standard T scores and percentile rank using Jmetrik-4.1.1 software and were prepared as normative tables. The Guttman’s λ2 value for the whole questionnaire was obtained as (λ = 0.922), Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for psychological symptoms as (α = 0.879), physical symptoms as (α = 0.861), and for the whole questionnaire as (α = 0.919). The range of scores of the questionnaire factors and total score of COVID-related anxiety severity based on standard T scores was divided into three domains: mild, moderate, and severe. The increase in psychological and physical symptom scores of coronavirus anxiety was significantly associated with physical symptoms, anxiety, depression, and social dysfunction. The fact that anxiety acts as a predisposing and health-threatening variable has confirmed that other researchers should examine its psychometric properties in other populations (especially compared to the clinical population to increase the diagnostic value of this questionnaire) as well as in relation to other psychological, social and medical concepts and variables.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88037756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341616
Jnana Ranjan Prusty, Sambit Mallick
The handloom industry in India is an ancient cottage industry with a decentralized setup that provides jobs to about 35 million people. Handloom established its reputation in the global market long before the industrial revolution. Today, India’s handloom and spinning wheel produces the largest variation of designs. It continued to flourish despite the oppression of the British Government. In India the powerloom sector is the dominant player in the weaving process. It contributes more than 60 percent of the total textile production. The powerloom units are meeting the textile products required for the domestic market as well as for the export of the same. Against this backdrop this article dwells upon the history of the handloom and powerloom industry in India in general, and Odisha in particular. This article is based on only secondary data.
{"title":"Handloom and Powerloom Industries in Odisha: A Historical Analysis","authors":"Jnana Ranjan Prusty, Sambit Mallick","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341616","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The handloom industry in India is an ancient cottage industry with a decentralized setup that provides jobs to about 35 million people. Handloom established its reputation in the global market long before the industrial revolution. Today, India’s handloom and spinning wheel produces the largest variation of designs. It continued to flourish despite the oppression of the British Government. In India the powerloom sector is the dominant player in the weaving process. It contributes more than 60 percent of the total textile production. The powerloom units are meeting the textile products required for the domestic market as well as for the export of the same. Against this backdrop this article dwells upon the history of the handloom and powerloom industry in India in general, and Odisha in particular. This article is based on only secondary data.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88939389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341615
Azmat Gani, A. Al-Abri, Sami Al Kharusi, Alya Al Foori
This article investigates if legal origins and governance impact lending by banks in a large sample of low- and middle-income countries for 2004 to 2017. The results revealed that countries with British legal origin, the strength of the legal systems, the rule of law, and regulatory quality are positively and statistically significantly correlated with the credit provided by the banks, among other factors. The estimations based on data for the post-global financial crisis revealed that in countries with British legal origin, the rule of law and regulatory quality mattered intensely in the banking sector’s credit. The results imply that the developing countries should continue to sustain and improve their good governance practices and improve on contract enforcements to allow maximum leverage practices of good governance that can positively influence credit diffusion by the banks.
{"title":"Legal Origins, Governance and Bank Lending","authors":"Azmat Gani, A. Al-Abri, Sami Al Kharusi, Alya Al Foori","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341615","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article investigates if legal origins and governance impact lending by banks in a large sample of low- and middle-income countries for 2004 to 2017. The results revealed that countries with British legal origin, the strength of the legal systems, the rule of law, and regulatory quality are positively and statistically significantly correlated with the credit provided by the banks, among other factors. The estimations based on data for the post-global financial crisis revealed that in countries with British legal origin, the rule of law and regulatory quality mattered intensely in the banking sector’s credit. The results imply that the developing countries should continue to sustain and improve their good governance practices and improve on contract enforcements to allow maximum leverage practices of good governance that can positively influence credit diffusion by the banks.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86020828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341618
S. Kang’ethe
Incontrovertibly, COVID-19 has overwhelmed institutions of learning in a big way with various institutions in South Africa endeavoring to surmount the challenges in different ways. This article has reviewed various sources of secondary literature from mainly journals. Findings established that institutions of higher learning need to strengthen their institutional modus operandi of communicating coronavirus messages; to change the staff and students’ mindset to strengthen response; advocacy to relay message to staff and students; infrastructural support to mitigate the effects of staff and students; and to avail requisite psychosocial support. The article also established the following hurdles: teaching adjustments and gadget deficits; disruption of school curriculum and academic calendar; and pitfalls of working from home. The article has recognized the need for institutions to enlist the support of social service professionals such as social workers in availing the requisite psychosocial support to both students and the staff.
{"title":"Unpacking South African Institutions of Higher Learning Efforts and Hurdles to Respond to COVID-19: Social Service Professionals’ Lenses","authors":"S. Kang’ethe","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341618","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Incontrovertibly, COVID-19 has overwhelmed institutions of learning in a big way with various institutions in South Africa endeavoring to surmount the challenges in different ways. This article has reviewed various sources of secondary literature from mainly journals. Findings established that institutions of higher learning need to strengthen their institutional modus operandi of communicating coronavirus messages; to change the staff and students’ mindset to strengthen response; advocacy to relay message to staff and students; infrastructural support to mitigate the effects of staff and students; and to avail requisite psychosocial support. The article also established the following hurdles: teaching adjustments and gadget deficits; disruption of school curriculum and academic calendar; and pitfalls of working from home. The article has recognized the need for institutions to enlist the support of social service professionals such as social workers in availing the requisite psychosocial support to both students and the staff.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81625426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-11DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341607
G. Liodakis
This article starts with a brief exploration of the multiple crises currently facing global capitalism, encompassing over-accumulation crisis, an exacerbated environmental and ecological crisis, the evolving epidemiological crisis associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, and a dramatic cultural and ideological crisis. This manifold crisis is considered as a specific “capitalism pandemic.” The most important implications of this generalized crisis are subsequently analyzed, focusing in particular on globalization and its ecological implications associated more specifically with the COVID-19 pandemic. This general crisis raises the need of an imperative transformation beyond capitalism and towards socialism/communism. Finally, we briefly outline the main characteristics of communism as a specific form of social organization, and analyze the main aspects of a prolonged transformation period between capitalism and communism.
{"title":"The Imperative Transformation beyond the Capitalism Pandemic","authors":"G. Liodakis","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341607","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article starts with a brief exploration of the multiple crises currently facing global capitalism, encompassing over-accumulation crisis, an exacerbated environmental and ecological crisis, the evolving epidemiological crisis associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, and a dramatic cultural and ideological crisis. This manifold crisis is considered as a specific “capitalism pandemic.” The most important implications of this generalized crisis are subsequently analyzed, focusing in particular on globalization and its ecological implications associated more specifically with the COVID-19 pandemic. This general crisis raises the need of an imperative transformation beyond capitalism and towards socialism/communism. Finally, we briefly outline the main characteristics of communism as a specific form of social organization, and analyze the main aspects of a prolonged transformation period between capitalism and communism.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89870344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-11DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341612
J. Redden
This article describes the origin of coffee, and how it became a globalized commodity leading into the current global landscape of coffee exchange. Significant contours of coffee production taking place in the various geographies are examined. Then notable organizations that influence global coffee markets are referenced. Finally, I state a few suggestions for progressive action with respect to global coffee exchange.
{"title":"Coffee in the Global Economy","authors":"J. Redden","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341612","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article describes the origin of coffee, and how it became a globalized commodity leading into the current global landscape of coffee exchange. Significant contours of coffee production taking place in the various geographies are examined. Then notable organizations that influence global coffee markets are referenced. Finally, I state a few suggestions for progressive action with respect to global coffee exchange.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79438053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-11DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341608
Marek Hrubec
This article deals with a new practical philosophy of interactions between the West and China. It explains a new reconfiguration of three kinds of strategic relations: competition, adversary, and cooperation. It analyzes the concept of strategic sovereignty as self-reliance of major powers in key activities, which is expected to be an appropriate ultimate framework of their interactions. The article deals with the process of development of economic connections and interdependence of China and the West since the 1970s, and with its recent partial fragmentation. It explains the current approaches of the US, the EU, and China and also their prospects for the next years. Finally, the article considers the transformation of the world towards a larger sovereignty of macro-regions (the US, the EU, China) within the framework of global interactions.
{"title":"Macro-regional Sovereignty? China, the USA, the EU","authors":"Marek Hrubec","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341608","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article deals with a new practical philosophy of interactions between the West and China. It explains a new reconfiguration of three kinds of strategic relations: competition, adversary, and cooperation. It analyzes the concept of strategic sovereignty as self-reliance of major powers in key activities, which is expected to be an appropriate ultimate framework of their interactions. The article deals with the process of development of economic connections and interdependence of China and the West since the 1970s, and with its recent partial fragmentation. It explains the current approaches of the US, the EU, and China and also their prospects for the next years. Finally, the article considers the transformation of the world towards a larger sovereignty of macro-regions (the US, the EU, China) within the framework of global interactions.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87940815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-11DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341606
Jerry Harris
Integrated global capitalism has emerged over the past forty years as the dominant economic system. This world system was constructed by the transnational capitalist class, which established hegemonic political and cultural power in both the Global North and South. Nevertheless, competition and contradictions characterize global capitalism, within and between classes as well as nation states.
{"title":"Global Capitalism and Transnational Class Conflict","authors":"Jerry Harris","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341606","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Integrated global capitalism has emerged over the past forty years as the dominant economic system. This world system was constructed by the transnational capitalist class, which established hegemonic political and cultural power in both the Global North and South. Nevertheless, competition and contradictions characterize global capitalism, within and between classes as well as nation states.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":"25 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78009831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-11DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341610
John Bosco Ngendakurio
This article demonstrates how Kenya’s refugee encampment practice undermines refugees’ potential and fails local, regional, and global economy. It limits refugees’ integration and access to opportunities outside the refugee camps, rendering the benefits of globalization irrelevant. This article specifically looks at the impacts of the refugee encampment on participation, health, wellbeing, skills, and education. It also outlines the missed opportunities as a direct result of this practice. Highlighting these adverse impacts is a good start to advocate for more socially cohesive practices to help millions of refugees regain their freedom and achieve their potential – financially, socially, and politically.
{"title":"Encampment of Refugees in Kenya and the Failure of Economic Integration","authors":"John Bosco Ngendakurio","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341610","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article demonstrates how Kenya’s refugee encampment practice undermines refugees’ potential and fails local, regional, and global economy. It limits refugees’ integration and access to opportunities outside the refugee camps, rendering the benefits of globalization irrelevant. This article specifically looks at the impacts of the refugee encampment on participation, health, wellbeing, skills, and education. It also outlines the missed opportunities as a direct result of this practice. Highlighting these adverse impacts is a good start to advocate for more socially cohesive practices to help millions of refugees regain their freedom and achieve their potential – financially, socially, and politically.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85346358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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