This study examined gaps and gains of WAAPP interventions on the agricultural productivity of farmers in IAR&T-adopted villages of southwest Nigeria. Purposively, 4 adopted villages where the WAAPP project was implemented were selected and a total of 138 farmers were interviewed. With the use of a questionnaire, the study assessed the impact of WAAPP project on the specific agricultural needs of villages, determined agricultural productivity for crop and livestock enterprises and identified challenges associated with the intervention. Linear regression model, variance analysis, and t-test were used to achieve the study objectives. Major gaps identified in WAAPP activities were inconsistencies in operation (x̄ = 2.36), limited market access (x̄ = 2.35) and poor communication with members (x̄= 2.35). Significant differences also existed in the impact of WAAPP intervention among villages (F= 5.103), and enterprise type (F=4.553). Sex (β = 0.373), age (β = 0.312) and enterprise type (β = 0.365) were major contributors to productivity in WAAPP. The paper concludes that WAAPP interventions in adopted villages had a positive impact on crop and livestock productions of beneficiaries, though constraints by inconsistencies in operation, intra-communication and limited market access. The study recommends continuous funding and monitoring of agricultural activities by WAAPP to broaden the impact of the intervention.
{"title":"Evaluation of West African Agricultural Productivity Programme in the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training Adopted Villages","authors":"Anjolaoluwa Ore Fadairo, Margaret Olayemi Oyedokun, Adeniyi Suraju Amusat, Lucia Omobolanle Ogunsumi, Bosede Olukemi Lawal","doi":"10.4314/jae.v27i4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i4.4","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined gaps and gains of WAAPP interventions on the agricultural productivity of farmers in IAR&T-adopted villages of southwest Nigeria. Purposively, 4 adopted villages where the WAAPP project was implemented were selected and a total of 138 farmers were interviewed. With the use of a questionnaire, the study assessed the impact of WAAPP project on the specific agricultural needs of villages, determined agricultural productivity for crop and livestock enterprises and identified challenges associated with the intervention. Linear regression model, variance analysis, and t-test were used to achieve the study objectives. Major gaps identified in WAAPP activities were inconsistencies in operation (x̄ = 2.36), limited market access (x̄ = 2.35) and poor communication with members (x̄= 2.35). Significant differences also existed in the impact of WAAPP intervention among villages (F= 5.103), and enterprise type (F=4.553). Sex (β = 0.373), age (β = 0.312) and enterprise type (β = 0.365) were major contributors to productivity in WAAPP. The paper concludes that WAAPP interventions in adopted villages had a positive impact on crop and livestock productions of beneficiaries, though constraints by inconsistencies in operation, intra-communication and limited market access. The study recommends continuous funding and monitoring of agricultural activities by WAAPP to broaden the impact of the intervention.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study assessed the awareness, access and utilization of certified seeds by rice farmers in Ebonyi State. One hundred and Twenty respondents were selected for the study using a multi-stage random sampling procedure. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with percentages, mean and Probit regression at 5% significance level. Results show that 51.7% of the farmers were aware of certified rice seeds. The main sources of information on certified seeds were cooperative associations (72.5%) and mass media (49.0 %). Certified rice seeds were available for the farmers (x̄ =1.8) but not always accessible ( x̄= 1.3). Majority of the farmers utilized FARO 44 (74.2%) due to its early maturing and high yielding quality. Membership of a cooperative association (0.600) and ownership of phones (0.012) had positive significant influence on the utilization of certified seeds. The study concludes that rice farmers have low access to certified seeds and recommends that the value chain for the distribution of certified seeds should be re-invigorated to ensure that certified seeds become more accessible to farmers
{"title":"Awareness, access and utilization of certified seeds by rice farmers in Ebonyi State","authors":"Chibuzo Uzoma Izuogu, Jude Onwe Nwokpoku, Martha Akunna Orugbala, Gillian Chidozie Azuamairo, Loveday Chukwudi Njoku, Gabriel Daniel Agou, Sikiru Ibrahim-Olesin, Ikechukwu Chiemena Chinaka","doi":"10.4314/jae.v27i4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i4.8","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed the awareness, access and utilization of certified seeds by rice farmers in Ebonyi State. One hundred and Twenty respondents were selected for the study using a multi-stage random sampling procedure. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with percentages, mean and Probit regression at 5% significance level. Results show that 51.7% of the farmers were aware of certified rice seeds. The main sources of information on certified seeds were cooperative associations (72.5%) and mass media (49.0 %). Certified rice seeds were available for the farmers (x̄ =1.8) but not always accessible ( x̄= 1.3). Majority of the farmers utilized FARO 44 (74.2%) due to its early maturing and high yielding quality. Membership of a cooperative association (0.600) and ownership of phones (0.012) had positive significant influence on the utilization of certified seeds. The study concludes that rice farmers have low access to certified seeds and recommends that the value chain for the distribution of certified seeds should be re-invigorated to ensure that certified seeds become more accessible to farmers","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135665186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charity Nwamaka Atoma, Elizabeth Chidinma Mube-William, Olufemi Martins Adesope
The study investigated the perceived soft skills needs of agriculture students in public universities in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria. The population of the study is 11,283 agriculture undergraduate students in the 12 public universities in states in the Niger Delta geo-political zone. The sample size was 300 agriculture undergraduate students. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select the sample. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire. Percentage and mean were used for analysis. Results revealed that the majority of the respondents (97.2%) could communicate effectively; 96% had a good sense of humour; 95.6% possessed the ability to cope with new changes; 92% possessed the ability to meet responsibilities on time; 89.6% possessed problem-solving skills. The results also revealed that agriculture students need many soft skills; some of which are creative thinking skills (x̄ =3.51), teamwork skills (x̄ =3.50); problem-solving/decision-making skills (x̄ =3.48); and leadership/management skills (x̄ ==3.47) among others. The universities should establish 6-month to 1-year student internship programmes, which will enable agriculture students to fully understand professional soft skills such as teamwork, creative thinking skills, and time management, among others that are relevant to the establishment and sustainability of agro-based enterprises.
{"title":"Perceived soft skills needs of agriculture students in public universities in Niger Delta, Nigeria","authors":"Charity Nwamaka Atoma, Elizabeth Chidinma Mube-William, Olufemi Martins Adesope","doi":"10.4314/jae.v27i4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i4.2","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the perceived soft skills needs of agriculture students in public universities in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria. The population of the study is 11,283 agriculture undergraduate students in the 12 public universities in states in the Niger Delta geo-political zone. The sample size was 300 agriculture undergraduate students. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select the sample. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire. Percentage and mean were used for analysis. Results revealed that the majority of the respondents (97.2%) could communicate effectively; 96% had a good sense of humour; 95.6% possessed the ability to cope with new changes; 92% possessed the ability to meet responsibilities on time; 89.6% possessed problem-solving skills. The results also revealed that agriculture students need many soft skills; some of which are creative thinking skills (x̄ =3.51), teamwork skills (x̄ =3.50); problem-solving/decision-making skills (x̄ =3.48); and leadership/management skills (x̄ ==3.47) among others. The universities should establish 6-month to 1-year student internship programmes, which will enable agriculture students to fully understand professional soft skills such as teamwork, creative thinking skills, and time management, among others that are relevant to the establishment and sustainability of agro-based enterprises.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study assessed the cost of farm operations for major cereals in Nigeria. Secondary data obtained from the Annual Agricultural Performance Survey Report of the National Agricultural Extension and Research Liaison Services (NAERLS) was used to compute the cost of 12 farm operations as well as the percentage change in the cost from 2021 to 2022. Results showed that the cost of farm operations for producing major cereals recorded a very high increase across the states in Nigeria. The percentage increase in the cost of farm operations for producing a hectare was higher for maize (25.4%) than rice (18.3%). Furthermore, the percentage increase in the cost of farm operations for producing a hectare of maize was higher in the Northern region (34.9%) than in the South (17.2%). For rice, the percentage increase was higher in the Southern region (21.8%) than in the North (13.7%). The cost of farm operations has generally increased thereby threatening food prices. Efficient tractor-hiring services should be made available at subsidized rates at all LGAs through public-private partnership arrangements in Nigeria.
{"title":"Cost of farm operations for major cereals in Nigeria","authors":"Fadlullah Olayiwola Issa","doi":"10.4314/jae.v27i4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i4.6","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the cost of farm operations for major cereals in Nigeria. Secondary data obtained from the Annual Agricultural Performance Survey Report of the National Agricultural Extension and Research Liaison Services (NAERLS) was used to compute the cost of 12 farm operations as well as the percentage change in the cost from 2021 to 2022. Results showed that the cost of farm operations for producing major cereals recorded a very high increase across the states in Nigeria. The percentage increase in the cost of farm operations for producing a hectare was higher for maize (25.4%) than rice (18.3%). Furthermore, the percentage increase in the cost of farm operations for producing a hectare of maize was higher in the Northern region (34.9%) than in the South (17.2%). For rice, the percentage increase was higher in the Southern region (21.8%) than in the North (13.7%). The cost of farm operations has generally increased thereby threatening food prices. Efficient tractor-hiring services should be made available at subsidized rates at all LGAs through public-private partnership arrangements in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Judith Kamoto, Chisomo Mussa, Nicholas Ozor, Kondwani Banda,
This study assessed the optimum vetiver hedgerow spacing capable of reducing sediment and runoff erosion on a 17% slope. Three treatments were used: 2-meter vetiver hedgerow spacing, 4-meter vetiver hedgerow spacing, and a control plot without vetiver. Erosion pins were strategically placed on the plots and measured periodically over a period of 6 months, accompanied by daily rainfall measurements. The findings revealed the effectiveness of vetiver hedgerows in reducing sediment erosion and runoff from the plots. Notably, the 2-meter vetiver hedgerow spacing proved more efficient in reducing erosion and minimizing soil accumulation within the plot, with an average change in erosional pin height of 1.2 cm, whereas the 4-meter hedgerow spacing exhibited higher erosion rates at 2 cm, which was statistically significant. These results underscore the importance of optimizing vetiver hedgerow spacing to effectively combat soil erosion and runoff on steep slopes.
{"title":"Optimal vetiver hedgerow spacing for mitigating sediment and runoff erosion on steep slopes in Malawi","authors":"Judith Kamoto, Chisomo Mussa, Nicholas Ozor, Kondwani Banda,","doi":"10.4314/jae.v27i4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i4.9","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the optimum vetiver hedgerow spacing capable of reducing sediment and runoff erosion on a 17% slope. Three treatments were used: 2-meter vetiver hedgerow spacing, 4-meter vetiver hedgerow spacing, and a control plot without vetiver. Erosion pins were strategically placed on the plots and measured periodically over a period of 6 months, accompanied by daily rainfall measurements. The findings revealed the effectiveness of vetiver hedgerows in reducing sediment erosion and runoff from the plots. Notably, the 2-meter vetiver hedgerow spacing proved more efficient in reducing erosion and minimizing soil accumulation within the plot, with an average change in erosional pin height of 1.2 cm, whereas the 4-meter hedgerow spacing exhibited higher erosion rates at 2 cm, which was statistically significant. These results underscore the importance of optimizing vetiver hedgerow spacing to effectively combat soil erosion and runoff on steep slopes.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Le Van Nam, Nguyen Huu Van, Nguyen Xuan Ba, Pham Hoang Son Hung, Ngo Mau Dung
This study assessed the goat-fattening system among households, its economic efficiency, and farmers` constraints in goat fattening. A survey was conducted with 30 goat farmers randomly selected in Nghe An province. The results showed that goats are kept confined and fed a high level of commercial concentre (46-60%) in the diet. Two types of goats have been used for fattening: growing goats and culled female goats and two types of breeds (Co breed/Lao goat and Boer crossbred). The average fattening farm size was 88.2 goats/period. The weight of fattened goats for selling was from 29.0 to 38.3kg/head and live weight gain was from 3.7-5.4 kg/head/month. The profit of goat fattening was relatively good, from 494-590.8 thousand VND/goat/period (2-4 months). The goat fattening was a profitable alternative income opportunity for farmers in the study areas. Most of the farmers are facing difficulties in disease control, high prices of commercial concentrate, and unstable markets. The study suggests that extension programs need to improve the capacity of farmers in goat fattening techniques and disease management, as well as establish a sustainable linkage in the goat value chains for the sustainable development of goat farming.
{"title":"Husbandry system and efficiency of goat fattening among households in Nghe An Province, Vietnam","authors":"Le Van Nam, Nguyen Huu Van, Nguyen Xuan Ba, Pham Hoang Son Hung, Ngo Mau Dung","doi":"10.4314/jae.v27i4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i4.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the goat-fattening system among households, its economic efficiency, and farmers` constraints in goat fattening. A survey was conducted with 30 goat farmers randomly selected in Nghe An province. The results showed that goats are kept confined and fed a high level of commercial concentre (46-60%) in the diet. Two types of goats have been used for fattening: growing goats and culled female goats and two types of breeds (Co breed/Lao goat and Boer crossbred). The average fattening farm size was 88.2 goats/period. The weight of fattened goats for selling was from 29.0 to 38.3kg/head and live weight gain was from 3.7-5.4 kg/head/month. The profit of goat fattening was relatively good, from 494-590.8 thousand VND/goat/period (2-4 months). The goat fattening was a profitable alternative income opportunity for farmers in the study areas. Most of the farmers are facing difficulties in disease control, high prices of commercial concentrate, and unstable markets. The study suggests that extension programs need to improve the capacity of farmers in goat fattening techniques and disease management, as well as establish a sustainable linkage in the goat value chains for the sustainable development of goat farming.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined the use of digital tools in extension services delivery amongst extension agents in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling was used to select 47 agricultural extension agents for the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire while analysis of the data was done using mean, percentages, and the Binary Logit regression analysis. Results showed that the majority (74%) of the agents indicated that they used digital tools in agricultural extension service delivery with WhatsApp (x̄ =3.60) and Video camera (x̄=3.60) as the most used digital tools among them. The extension agents were highly knowledgeable in the use of WhatsApp (x̄=3.66). Age, educational status, household size, working experience and sex were found to affect extension agents’ utilization of digital tools. The major constraints were epileptic power supply (x̄=3.72) and loss of privacy over the internet (x̄=3.66). The study concludes that agricultural extension agents in Akwa Ibom are aware of and utilize digital tools though constrained by some factors. It therefore stressed the need for training and retraining of extension agents on the use of digital tools by the Agricultural Development Programme.
{"title":"Utilization of digital tools in extension service delivery amongst extension agents in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"Chinwoke Clara Ifeanyi-obi, Blessing Lucky Corbon","doi":"10.4314/jae.v27i4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i4.7","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the use of digital tools in extension services delivery amongst extension agents in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling was used to select 47 agricultural extension agents for the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire while analysis of the data was done using mean, percentages, and the Binary Logit regression analysis. Results showed that the majority (74%) of the agents indicated that they used digital tools in agricultural extension service delivery with WhatsApp (x̄ =3.60) and Video camera (x̄=3.60) as the most used digital tools among them. The extension agents were highly knowledgeable in the use of WhatsApp (x̄=3.66). Age, educational status, household size, working experience and sex were found to affect extension agents’ utilization of digital tools. The major constraints were epileptic power supply (x̄=3.72) and loss of privacy over the internet (x̄=3.66). The study concludes that agricultural extension agents in Akwa Ibom are aware of and utilize digital tools though constrained by some factors. It therefore stressed the need for training and retraining of extension agents on the use of digital tools by the Agricultural Development Programme.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135665184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined the awareness and perception of agricultural policies by maize farmers in Oyo and Kaduna States of Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 424 respondents: 210 farmers from Oyo and 214 farmers from Kaduna, from whom data were collected using questionnaires administered through a phone poll. Mean, frequency and inferential statistics such as Chi-square, Spearman Rho, and Pearson Correlation were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that farmers in Oyo (67.6%) and Kaduna (68.7%) States were aware of the ban on maize importation. Moreover, farmers in Kaduna were more aware (63.1%) of the Growth Enhancement Support Scheme than those in Oyo (48.1%). Most farmers in Oyo and Kaduna States had a favourable perception of the ban on maize importation. Farmers in Kaduna had a better perception of the Anchor Borrowers’ Program and Growth Enhancement Support Scheme than their Oyo counterparts. The study recommends that Agricultural policies in Nigeria should be co-created with farmers and decentralised to have holistic and encompassing policies workable nationwide.
{"title":"Oyo and Kaduna States maize farmers’ perception of selected agricultural policies in Nigeria","authors":"Benjamin Olusegun Oyelami, Iredele Ogunbayo, Effa Enya, Peace Aburime, Adegbenga Adekoya, Oreoluwa Akano, Uyiosa Genesis Osadebamwen","doi":"10.4314/jae.v27i4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i4.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the awareness and perception of agricultural policies by maize farmers in Oyo and Kaduna States of Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 424 respondents: 210 farmers from Oyo and 214 farmers from Kaduna, from whom data were collected using questionnaires administered through a phone poll. Mean, frequency and inferential statistics such as Chi-square, Spearman Rho, and Pearson Correlation were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that farmers in Oyo (67.6%) and Kaduna (68.7%) States were aware of the ban on maize importation. Moreover, farmers in Kaduna were more aware (63.1%) of the Growth Enhancement Support Scheme than those in Oyo (48.1%). Most farmers in Oyo and Kaduna States had a favourable perception of the ban on maize importation. Farmers in Kaduna had a better perception of the Anchor Borrowers’ Program and Growth Enhancement Support Scheme than their Oyo counterparts. The study recommends that Agricultural policies in Nigeria should be co-created with farmers and decentralised to have holistic and encompassing policies workable nationwide.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135665185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined how agricultural extension agents conduct farm or home visits. Itanalysed the extent to which extension agents follow the guidelines for conducting farm/homevisits and the relationship between extension agent’s characteristics and implementation ofguidelines for conducting home/farm visits. Data for the study were collected through a surveyof 69 agricultural extension agents obtained from 22 Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar regions.Also, qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants. Ingeneral, findings showed that home or farm visits are poorly planned which negatively affectedthe conduct of the visits. Furthermore, due to the high farmer extension ratio, extension agentsdo not always make follow-ups of their visits. A large number of farmers constrained extensionagents from visiting all farmers, despite this reality farm or farm visit is still an importantextension method. Nevertheless, for extension agents to be effective, they need to considerplanning home or farm visits as part of the successful extension work.
{"title":"Reconsidering home or farm visits extension method for improving impact of agricultural extension in Tanzania","authors":"Respikius Martin","doi":"10.4314/jae.v27i4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i4.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined how agricultural extension agents conduct farm or home visits. Itanalysed the extent to which extension agents follow the guidelines for conducting farm/homevisits and the relationship between extension agent’s characteristics and implementation ofguidelines for conducting home/farm visits. Data for the study were collected through a surveyof 69 agricultural extension agents obtained from 22 Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar regions.Also, qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants. Ingeneral, findings showed that home or farm visits are poorly planned which negatively affectedthe conduct of the visits. Furthermore, due to the high farmer extension ratio, extension agentsdo not always make follow-ups of their visits. A large number of farmers constrained extensionagents from visiting all farmers, despite this reality farm or farm visit is still an importantextension method. Nevertheless, for extension agents to be effective, they need to considerplanning home or farm visits as part of the successful extension work.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conservation practices are tools used to help conserve and improve natural resources necessary to maintain sustainable arable crop production. This study assessed the extent of use of conservation practices among arable crop farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling procedure was used in selecting 200 arable crop farmers. Data were collected through the use of a structured interview schedule. Percentages and mean statistic were used in presenting the results. Findings showed that the major conservation practices adopted by arable crop farmers were mulching (100%), crop rotation (100%), ridging (100%), bush following (99.0%) and mixed cropping (99.0%). The most frequently utilized conservation practices were ridging (95.0%), mulching (91.0%) and mixed cropping (89.9%). Population pressure on land (𝑥̅=3.77) and availability of funds (𝑥̅=3.74) are factors influencing the effective use of conservation practices. The results further revealed that longterm continuity of yield from land (𝑥̅=2.84), long-term sustainability and productivity of land (𝑥̅=2.76) and increased yields (𝑥̅=2.69) were reasons for conservation practices by arable crop farmers. To ensure improvement in yields, arable crop farmers should be extensively encouraged through access to land and funds to promote the adoption of conservation practices.
{"title":"Use of Conservation Practices among Arable Crop Farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria","authors":"O. M. Akinnagbe, Adenike Mojisola John","doi":"10.4314/jae.v27i2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation practices are tools used to help conserve and improve natural resources necessary to maintain sustainable arable crop production. This study assessed the extent of use of conservation practices among arable crop farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling procedure was used in selecting 200 arable crop farmers. Data were collected through the use of a structured interview schedule. Percentages and mean statistic were used in presenting the results. Findings showed that the major conservation practices adopted by arable crop farmers were mulching (100%), crop rotation (100%), ridging (100%), bush following (99.0%) and mixed cropping (99.0%). The most frequently utilized conservation practices were ridging (95.0%), mulching (91.0%) and mixed cropping (89.9%). Population pressure on land (𝑥̅=3.77) and availability of funds (𝑥̅=3.74) are factors influencing the effective use of conservation practices. The results further revealed that longterm continuity of yield from land (𝑥̅=2.84), long-term sustainability and productivity of land (𝑥̅=2.76) and increased yields (𝑥̅=2.69) were reasons for conservation practices by arable crop farmers. To ensure improvement in yields, arable crop farmers should be extensively encouraged through access to land and funds to promote the adoption of conservation practices. ","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70538446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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