O. Oyeleke, Alaka Fatai Ayoade, Olutegbe Nathaniel Siji, Ojo Oluwadamilola Mary
This study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on agro-inputs distribution and sales along the agricultural supply chain (ASC) in gun State, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 96 agro-dealers from the Abeokuta and Ilaro ADP zones of Ogun State. Data were collected and analysed using a computer assisted personalized interviewing (CAPI) system. Findings showed that 89% of the respondents sold agro-inputs in the shops, 26% in the rural villages, and 19.8% at market stands. Due to the lockdown, 68.8% closed down shops for 35 – 39 days, 92.7% found it difficult to move agro-inputs from the stores to the villages, and 85.4% incurred high costs in transporting agro-inputs from urban to the rural areas. Likewise, 61.5% reported low patronage of fewer than 10 customers per week while the average weekly sales dropped from ₦60,000 to 15,600 for maize seeds, ₦78,000 to 27,000 for herbicides, and ₦336,000 to 120,000 for fertilizers. The lockdown was significantly affected patronage (β = 0.64) and sales (β = 0.72). The COVID-19 pandemic affected patronage and sales of agro-inputs in Ogun State.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Agro-inputs Distribution in Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Oyeleke, Alaka Fatai Ayoade, Olutegbe Nathaniel Siji, Ojo Oluwadamilola Mary","doi":"10.4314/jae.v26i1.5s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.5s","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on agro-inputs distribution and sales along the agricultural supply chain (ASC) in gun State, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 96 agro-dealers from the Abeokuta and Ilaro ADP zones of Ogun State. Data were collected and analysed using a computer assisted personalized interviewing (CAPI) system. Findings showed that 89% of the respondents sold agro-inputs in the shops, 26% in the rural villages, and 19.8% at market stands. Due to the lockdown, 68.8% closed down shops for 35 – 39 days, 92.7% found it difficult to move agro-inputs from the stores to the villages, and 85.4% incurred high costs in transporting agro-inputs from urban to the rural areas. Likewise, 61.5% reported low patronage of fewer than 10 customers per week while the average weekly sales dropped from ₦60,000 to 15,600 for maize seeds, ₦78,000 to 27,000 for herbicides, and ₦336,000 to 120,000 for fertilizers. The lockdown was significantly affected patronage (β = 0.64) and sales (β = 0.72). The COVID-19 pandemic affected patronage and sales of agro-inputs in Ogun State.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42439283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper focused on COVID-19 pandemic, its implication on the Nigeria agriculture and the role of extension. The review uncovered a subtle but undeniable negative impact on all the value chain of the Nigeria agriculture. One of the most important factors that may avert this negative impact is agricultural extension service. With lockdown, travel ban and social distancing, the way out becomes technology. Government and institutions at all levels should intentionally deploy technology tools to aid effective agricultural extension service to farmers.
{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic: Implication on Nigeria Agriculture and Role of Extension","authors":"U. C. Undiandeye, N. Ayi","doi":"10.4314/jae.v26i1.4s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.4s","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focused on COVID-19 pandemic, its implication on the Nigeria agriculture and the role of extension. The review uncovered a subtle but undeniable negative impact on all the value chain of the Nigeria agriculture. One of the most important factors that may avert this negative impact is agricultural extension service. With lockdown, travel ban and social distancing, the way out becomes technology. Government and institutions at all levels should intentionally deploy technology tools to aid effective agricultural extension service to farmers.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45999592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study assessed the effects of firewood usage on rural women health in Ogun State. Samples of 128 respondents were randomly selected from four local government areas of Ogun State. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire. Percentages were used for data analysis. Majority of the respondents were married (91%) with a mean age of 50 years. Most of the respondents (86.7%) used firewood for cooking, the preference of the utilization of firewood over other alternatives was due to non-availability of other sources (40%) and availability of firewood (33%). Some perceived health effects on the respondents were discomfort caused by the smoke from the firewood (𝑥 ̅= 2.81) and eyes irritation (= 2.53). The study recommended alternative energy sources that are with lesser health hazards be made readily available at subsidized rate in the rural areas since this was the major attractive driving force for the use of firewood.
{"title":"Perception of the Effects of Fire Wood Usage on Rural Women’s Health in Ogun State Nigeria","authors":"Wole-alo Felicia Itunnu, Alokan Agnes Olubunmi, Ogundele Esther Kemisola","doi":"10.4314/jae.v26i1.6s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.6s","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed the effects of firewood usage on rural women health in Ogun State. Samples of 128 respondents were randomly selected from four local government areas of Ogun State. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire. Percentages were used for data analysis. Majority of the respondents were married (91%) with a mean age of 50 years. Most of the respondents (86.7%) used firewood for cooking, the preference of the utilization of firewood over other alternatives was due to non-availability of other sources (40%) and availability of firewood (33%). Some perceived health effects on the respondents were discomfort caused by the smoke from the firewood (𝑥 ̅= 2.81) and eyes irritation (= 2.53). The study recommended alternative energy sources that are with lesser health hazards be made readily available at subsidized rate in the rural areas since this was the major attractive driving force for the use of firewood.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47114683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Compliance to National Home-Grown School Feeding Programme’s (NHGSFP) implementation module among food vendors and school management in Osun State was investigated. Four stage sampling procedure was used to select 144 respondents. Interview schedule was used to gather data from respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation). The mean household size was 5 (x̅= 5±2). All the food vendors and 76.4% of the school management were female with mean age of 36 and 39 ( x̅= 36±5 and x̅= 39±8), respectively. Vendors (65.3%) and school management (58.3%) had high knowledge of NHGSFP, while 52.8% of food vendors and 50.0% of the school management had favourable attitude towards NHGSFP. The major constraints were inadequate funding 2.34) and untimely payment (x̅= 1.74) and ranking 1st and 2nd, respectively. However, taking food home 2.10) was the major sharp practice reported. More than half (51.4%) of the respondents complied with NHGSFP implementation module. Food vendors’ (r=0.268) and school managements’ attitude towards NHGSFP (r = 0.241) were significantly related with compliance to NHGSFP implementation module. Compliance to NHGSFP implementation module was moderately high (55.6%). Sharp practices by both food vendors (r= -0.461) and managements (r = -0.439) were negatively significant to compliance. The compliance level observed was not very high enough for sustainability of the programme due to the various sharp practices and constraints faced by the programme. Hence, better modalities against sharp practices should be put in place as well as proper orientation of key actors in the programme.
{"title":"Food Vendors and School Management Compliance to Home Grown School Feeding Programme Implementation Module in Osun State, Nigeria","authors":"K. A. Thomas, J. Nwokocha","doi":"10.4314/jae.v26i1.9s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.9s","url":null,"abstract":"Compliance to National Home-Grown School Feeding Programme’s (NHGSFP) implementation module among food vendors and school management in Osun State was investigated. Four stage sampling procedure was used to select 144 respondents. Interview schedule was used to gather data from respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation). The mean household size was 5 (x̅= 5±2). All the food vendors and 76.4% of the school management were female with mean age of 36 and 39 ( x̅= 36±5 and x̅= 39±8), respectively. Vendors (65.3%) and school management (58.3%) had high knowledge of NHGSFP, while 52.8% of food vendors and 50.0% of the school management had favourable attitude towards NHGSFP. The major constraints were inadequate funding 2.34) and untimely payment (x̅= 1.74) and ranking 1st and 2nd, respectively. However, taking food home 2.10) was the major sharp practice reported. More than half (51.4%) of the respondents complied with NHGSFP implementation module. Food vendors’ (r=0.268) and school managements’ attitude towards NHGSFP (r = 0.241) were significantly related with compliance to NHGSFP implementation module. Compliance to NHGSFP implementation module was moderately high (55.6%). Sharp practices by both food vendors (r= -0.461) and managements (r = -0.439) were negatively significant to compliance. The compliance level observed was not very high enough for sustainability of the programme due to the various sharp practices and constraints faced by the programme. Hence, better modalities against sharp practices should be put in place as well as proper orientation of key actors in the programme.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42405676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study investigated the enterprise training needs of poultry farmers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Enugu State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select one hundred and eight (108) respondents from the six agricultural zones in the State. Data were collected using semi-structured interview schedule and analyzed using Percentages and mean score. Findings indicated that (100.0%) of the respondents produced live chicken alone, 88% indicated that they never had any visits from extension agents before and during COVID_19 Pandemic. Also, results revealed that the cost of feeds increased by 88% during the Pandemic. In addition, the major constraints faced by the respondents during pandemic were; scarcity of trained labour ( =3.76), theft ( =3.63), rotting of eggs ( =3.55) and shortage of feeds ( =3.52). The study revealed that farmers needed trainings in the areas of flow of funds (98.1%) and feed formulations (73.1%) during COVID-19 Pandemic. Extension should therefore provide training for farmers on how to access fund during emergencies. Also, farmers should be trained on feed formulation so that they can be able to produce the feed they need during emergencies like COVID-19 Pandemic. Government should make available agricultural grants to farmers which will enable them bounce back especially during emergencies.
{"title":"Enterprise Training Needs of Poultry Farmers During Covid-19 Pandemic in Enugu State, Nigeria","authors":"Violet. A. Ohagwu, E. A. Onwubuya, C. E. Nwobodo","doi":"10.4314/jae.v26i1.16s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.16s","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the enterprise training needs of poultry farmers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Enugu State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select one hundred and eight (108) respondents from the six agricultural zones in the State. Data were collected using semi-structured interview schedule and analyzed using Percentages and mean score. Findings indicated that (100.0%) of the respondents produced live chicken alone, 88% indicated that they never had any visits from extension agents before and during COVID_19 Pandemic. Also, results revealed that the cost of feeds increased by 88% during the Pandemic. In addition, the major constraints faced by the respondents during pandemic were; scarcity of trained labour ( =3.76), theft ( =3.63), rotting of eggs ( =3.55) and shortage of feeds ( =3.52). The study revealed that farmers needed trainings in the areas of flow of funds (98.1%) and feed formulations (73.1%) during COVID-19 Pandemic. Extension should therefore provide training for farmers on how to access fund during emergencies. Also, farmers should be trained on feed formulation so that they can be able to produce the feed they need during emergencies like COVID-19 Pandemic. Government should make available agricultural grants to farmers which will enable them bounce back especially during emergencies.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42777226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. T. Adeniyi, T. Adetunji, B.A. Olumoyegun, G. E. Fanifosi, J. Odozi
This study examined the adaptation strategies to the consequence of COVID-19 pandemic on Poultry Farmers in Oyo State. Multistage sampling procedure was employed to select five Key Informants and five Focus Group Discussion from the respondents respectively. Data on effects of lockdown, coping strategies and role of PAN were collected and analysed using constant comparison analysis.The effects of pandemic in severity order include, poor marketing due to collapse of the standard delivery system (85%); glut of the poultry products (80%), laying stock reduction (25%)and folding up of the enterprise (15%) burying of unsold bad eggs (5%).Coping strategies employed were sourcing financial support from cooperative societies (85%), sold produce on credit (75%) and sourcing ICT-based marketing information (70%). The role played by PAN include taking exemption letter from police (Police wireless message) to move poultry products for sale; mediating unfavourable government taxation and relevant information dissemination via WhatsApp group platform. There is the need to develop an emergency’s-smart resilience programme for the poultry industry. Measures adopted to manage emergencies such as COVID-19 should not impede the flow of agricultural products and inputs from the onset.
{"title":"Poultry Farmers Adaptation Strategies to Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic in Oyo State, Nigeria","authors":"R. T. Adeniyi, T. Adetunji, B.A. Olumoyegun, G. E. Fanifosi, J. Odozi","doi":"10.4314/jae.v26i1.3s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.3s","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the adaptation strategies to the consequence of COVID-19 pandemic on Poultry Farmers in Oyo State. Multistage sampling procedure was employed to select five Key Informants and five Focus Group Discussion from the respondents respectively. Data on effects of lockdown, coping strategies and role of PAN were collected and analysed using constant comparison analysis.The effects of pandemic in severity order include, poor marketing due to collapse of the standard delivery system (85%); glut of the poultry products (80%), laying stock reduction (25%)and folding up of the enterprise (15%) burying of unsold bad eggs (5%).Coping strategies employed were sourcing financial support from cooperative societies (85%), sold produce on credit (75%) and sourcing ICT-based marketing information (70%). The role played by PAN include taking exemption letter from police (Police wireless message) to move poultry products for sale; mediating unfavourable government taxation and relevant information dissemination via WhatsApp group platform. There is the need to develop an emergency’s-smart resilience programme for the poultry industry. Measures adopted to manage emergencies such as COVID-19 should not impede the flow of agricultural products and inputs from the onset.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49517578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Redefining Agricultural Extension Practice to Cope with Emergencies","authors":"Frank Satumari Kudla","doi":"10.4314/jae.v26i1.1s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.1s","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44847158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined farmers’ readiness to assess social media as agro-information reception tool in the study area. An interview guide was used in collecting data from 120 farmers who were randomly selected. Data collected were analysed with the aid frequency counts percentages and logit regression. The results showed that half of the respondents (50%) had primary education. About 90% were aware of whatsapp and 12.6% were aware of blogs, respectively. Education, farming experience, membership of farmers’ group and extension access were the variables that positively influence farmers’ readiness to assesssocial media as agro-information reception tool while respondents’ age negatively influence readiness to assess social media. Enlightenment programmes for farmers on the use of social media and an improved extension services to keep the farmers acquainted with the benefits of social media.
{"title":"Farmers’ Readiness to Adopt Social Media as Agro-Information Reception Tool During Covid-19 Pandemic in Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Fasina, O. A. Tehinloju, J. O. Ikuerowo","doi":"10.4314/jae.v26i1.7s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.7s","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined farmers’ readiness to assess social media as agro-information reception tool in the study area. An interview guide was used in collecting data from 120 farmers who were randomly selected. Data collected were analysed with the aid frequency counts percentages and logit regression. The results showed that half of the respondents (50%) had primary education. About 90% were aware of whatsapp and 12.6% were aware of blogs, respectively. Education, farming experience, membership of farmers’ group and extension access were the variables that positively influence farmers’ readiness to assesssocial media as agro-information reception tool while respondents’ age negatively influence readiness to assess social media. Enlightenment programmes for farmers on the use of social media and an improved extension services to keep the farmers acquainted with the benefits of social media.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46374551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ayodeji, Ayodeji J. Rauf, Y. Joshua, O. Fapojuwo, S. Alabi
This study examined the major barriers to women empowerment in agriculture in rural farming areas in Oyo State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 100 women farmers and primary data was collected with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data and the findings are presented in table and chart. The study revealed that the inability to access formal credit (x̅= 4.61), heavy domestic workload ( x̅= 4.36 ), and poor pricing of produce (x̅= 3.89 ) are major barriers to women empowerment in agriculture in the study area. Therefore, providing access to formal credit facilities, provision of labour-saving technologies, and regulation of agricultural produce prices will enable women’s empowerment in agriculture.
{"title":"Constraints to Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture in Rural Farming Areas in Oyo State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Ayodeji, Ayodeji J. Rauf, Y. Joshua, O. Fapojuwo, S. Alabi","doi":"10.4314/jae.v26i1.11s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.11s","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the major barriers to women empowerment in agriculture in rural farming areas in Oyo State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 100 women farmers and primary data was collected with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data and the findings are presented in table and chart. The study revealed that the inability to access formal credit (x̅= 4.61), heavy domestic workload ( x̅= 4.36 ), and poor pricing of produce (x̅= 3.89 ) are major barriers to women empowerment in agriculture in the study area. Therefore, providing access to formal credit facilities, provision of labour-saving technologies, and regulation of agricultural produce prices will enable women’s empowerment in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44697887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examined cocoa farmers’ preferred training schedule on good agricultural practices (GAP) in Ondo State, Nigeria. A total of 294 cocoa farmers were sampled through a multi-stage sampling procedure. Data were collected on respondents’ personal and socio-economic characteristics, perceived knowledge level in selected cocoa production management practices, method of training, form of training, venue of training, time of the year (month) for training and medium of expression. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and percentage. The study revealed that cocoa farmers can read and write Yoruba language (86.1%), the majority (75.6%) had between 6 – 17 years of formal education, and 60.9% were participating in religious organization. Cocoa farmers preferred practical demonstration method of training (85.4%) and training in groups (96.6%). They also preferred training at farm site (83.0%) as well as using the local dialect (60.9%) as medium of communication. Any training for cocoa farmers should be designed using practical demonstration and small plot adaptive technique.
{"title":"Cocoa-farmers’ preferred training schedule on good agricultural practices in Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"Abiodun Oladele Akinmolafe","doi":"10.4314/jae.v26i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined cocoa farmers’ preferred training schedule on good agricultural practices (GAP) in Ondo State, Nigeria. A total of 294 cocoa farmers were sampled through a multi-stage sampling procedure. Data were collected on respondents’ personal and socio-economic characteristics, perceived knowledge level in selected cocoa production management practices, method of training, form of training, venue of training, time of the year (month) for training and medium of expression. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and percentage. The study revealed that cocoa farmers can read and write Yoruba language (86.1%), the majority (75.6%) had between 6 – 17 years of formal education, and 60.9% were participating in religious organization. Cocoa farmers preferred practical demonstration method of training (85.4%) and training in groups (96.6%). They also preferred training at farm site (83.0%) as well as using the local dialect (60.9%) as medium of communication. Any training for cocoa farmers should be designed using practical demonstration and small plot adaptive technique.","PeriodicalId":43669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47179130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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