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Navigational Antenna Modules of the GNSS Equipment GNSS设备导航天线模块
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.17238/issn2409-0239.2016.3.4
S. N. Boyko, A. V. Isaev, S. V. Kosyakin, Yury S. Yaskin
The article describes original design methods of navigational antenna modules for the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) equipment. The uncased technology for antenna modules production using metamaterials in the antenna element improving its characteristics, special EBG-metamaterial and a method for its installation into the geodesic antenna module to reduce the multibeam effect, common application of an uncased antenna module with a navigational receiver are used. The approaches to the design of navigational modules result in overall dimensions minimization, production cost decrease, items manufacturability, and improved technical and operational characteristics.
介绍了全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)设备导航天线模块的原始设计方法。在天线元件中使用超材料生产天线模块的无外壳技术,改善了天线元件的特性,特殊的ebg超材料及其安装到测地线天线模块中的方法,以减少多波束效应,使用无外壳天线模块与导航接收器的常见应用。导航模块的设计方法使整体尺寸最小化,降低了生产成本,提高了产品的可制造性,并改进了技术和操作特性。
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引用次数: 1
Estimation of Geometric Factor for a User of GLONASS System with Highly Elliptical Augmentation 高椭圆增广GLONASS系统用户几何因子估计
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2016.3.12
S. I. Vatutin
Movement patterns of 24 GLONASS spacecraft and 6 highly elliptical augmentation spacecraft on the Tundra and QZSS orbits are generated. The programs for calculating the influence of geometric factor on the measurement accuracy of user coordinates in various geographical points by navigation spacecraft are developed in MathCAD. Moreover, a comparison of the geometric factors for the GLONASS constellation including 24 spacecraft and 6 spacecraft on highly elliptical orbits is made. It is shown that a highly elliptical augmentation of the GLONASS system reduces the geometric factor by 20–30% during the operation within 10–20 degrees field of view and significantly improves the geometric factor during the work in mountainous and urban environment. The results obtained can be used in designing a highly elliptical augmentation for the GLONASS system.
生成了24颗GLONASS卫星和6颗高椭圆增强卫星在Tundra和QZSS轨道上的运动模式。在MathCAD中开发了计算几何因子对导航航天器各地理点用户坐标测量精度影响的程序。此外,还对包含24个航天器和6个高椭圆轨道航天器的GLONASS星座的几何因素进行了比较。结果表明,在10-20度视场范围内,对GLONASS系统进行高椭圆增强后,几何因子降低了20-30%,在山区和城市环境下,几何因子显著提高。所得结果可用于GLONASS系统的高椭圆增强设计。
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引用次数: 3
Digital Frequency Detecting Device for Mobile Methane Frequency Standard 移动式甲烷频率标准数字频率检测装置
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2016.3.29
D. Shelestov, D. A. Tyurikov, A. Pnev, M. Gubin
. Utilization of methane optical frequency standard is promising for precision frequency measurements, in particular, it is a possible future mobile (and on-board) frequency standard with stability of 5 · 10 − 15 –5 · 10 − 16 , which will be used in frequency-time segment of GNS GLONASS. This paper deals with development of a digital frequency detector, designed to increase the methane standard short-term frequency stability. Accuracy of digital frequency counting algorithms is calculated. A numerical simulation of programmable logic device operation is conducted, which confirms the operability of a single channel synchronous-frequency detector with Allan variance of 1,4 · 10 − 13 per 1 s, and also provides a technology to increase the accuracy of the counting, allowing one to measure the Allan variance at 5,6 · 10 − 16 per 1 s.
. 利用甲烷光频标进行精确频率测量是有希望的,特别是它是未来可能的移动(和车载)频标,稳定性为5·10−15 -5·10−16,将用于GNS GLONASS的频率-时间段。本文介绍了一种数字式频率检测器的研制,旨在提高甲烷标准的短期频率稳定性。对数字频率计数算法的精度进行了计算。对可编程逻辑器件操作进行了数值模拟,证实了单通道同步频率检测器的可操作性,其艾伦方差为每1秒1,4·10−13,并且还提供了一种提高计数精度的技术,允许人们以每1秒5,6·10−16测量艾伦方差。
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引用次数: 0
ThermoVideoSystem for Installation on Spacecraft 安装在航天器上的热录像系统
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.17238/issn2409-0239.2016.3.76
D. Klimov, V. A. Blagodyryov
The termovideosystem with possibility of use of thermoprotection and protection of objectives and devices with charging communication from influence of radiating factors for videocameras, the space vehicles located near to thermoloaded elements and carrier rockets for tracing of thermoconditions by means of video telemetry is considered. The thermocasing model, its key parametres and characteristics is presented. Expressions for selection of a thickness of a thermolayer depending on flying time of carrier rockets, and also a thickness of a thermolayer for preset time of influence of temperature are received. The example of thermoprotection videocameras with the set diameter of a eye of an objective and flying time of carrier rockets for a basic orbit is resulted. It is offered to use the periscopic device for protection against influence of radiating factors of lenses of objectives and devices with charging communication. Expressions for the size of mirrors of a periscope, and also for an angle of rotation of mirrors of periscopes are resulted at simultaneous use of two videocameras directed on one image box of object.
考虑了利用视频遥测技术跟踪热状况的摄像机、靠近热载元件的空间飞行器和运载火箭等可能使用热保护和保护物镜和充电通信装置不受辐射因素影响的远程视频系统。介绍了热套管模型及其关键参数和特点。得到了热层厚度随运载火箭飞行时间的选择表达式,以及温度影响的预设时间下热层厚度的选择表达式。最后给出了设定物镜眼直径和运载火箭基本轨道飞行时间的热防护摄像机实例。本发明提供了一种防止物镜透镜和充电通信装置的辐射因素影响的潜望镜装置。在两个摄像机同时对准一个物体象盒的情况下,得到了潜望镜反射镜尺寸和反射镜旋转角度的表达式。
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引用次数: 0
The Tasks of Polarization Remote Sensing in Optical Band 光学波段偏振遥感的任务
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2016.3.35
V. Selivanov, Yu.M. Gekhtin, V. Budak
. The operation analysis of a broad class of multi-angle video polarimeter systems is carried out. The problems of improving the polarization measurement reliability of the atmosphere and the underlying surface are considered. The possibilities of reducing the dimension of the display information are analyzed.
。对一类多角度视频偏振计系统进行了工作分析。考虑了提高大气和下垫面偏振测量可靠性的问题。分析了降低显示信息维数的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Exploratory Test of Radio-Technical Characteristics of Antennas of Ground-Based Command Complexes 地基指挥综合体天线无线电技术特性探索性试验
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.17238/issn2409-0239.2016.3.54
A. Kalinin, N. Dugin, S. P. Moiseev, A. V. Polyakov, V. Vatutin, A. Ivashina
This article considers the capabilities of known methods of characteristics measurement for large ground-based antennas in the microwave range. In addition to the well-known radio-astronomical method, capable of measuring the power directivity pattern and absolute gain, a radio holographic antenna measurement method is considered. A significant advantage of the latter method is the ability to reconstruct the distribution of field amplitude and phase in the aperture, which enables one to conduct additional targeted adjustment of a parabolic antenna system in order to increase its gain. This adjustment is particularly relevant for the ongoing effort to upgrade larger parabolic antennas of ground-based command systems and utilize their higher frequency ranges. Measurement techniques of natural signals from extraterrestrial radio sources, as well as geostationary satellites, designed for fully steerable parabolic antennas are discussed. The paper presents experimental results of measurement of power directivity and field distribution patterns in aperture, received with radio-astronomical and radio-holographic methods from the largest Russian fully steerable ground-based antennas with reflectors from 25 to 70 meters large.
本文考虑了在微波范围内对大型地基天线进行特性测量的已知方法的能力。除了众所周知的射电天文测量方法,能够测量功率指向性图和绝对增益,考虑了一种无线电全息天线测量方法。后一种方法的一个显著优点是能够重建孔径中的场振幅和相位分布,这使得人们能够对抛物面天线系统进行额外的目标调整,以增加其增益。这一调整与正在进行的升级地面指挥系统的较大抛物面天线和利用其更高频率范围的工作特别相关。讨论了用于完全可操纵抛物面天线的地外射电源和地球静止卫星的自然信号测量技术。本文介绍了用射电天文和射电全息方法测量俄罗斯最大的反射面为25 ~ 70米的全可操纵地面天线的功率指向性和孔径场分布模式的实验结果。
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引用次数: 0
The Recovery Algorithm for Short-Exposure ERS Image, Space-Invariant to the Atmospheric Distortions 大气畸变下空间不变性短曝光ERS图像恢复算法
Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.17238/issn2409-0239.2016.2.31
K. Sviridov
Negative influence of the atmospheric turbulence on the ERS systems is noted. Hardware and software technologies for partial correction of atmospheric influence are reviewed. A new algorithm for recovering the image undistorted by the atmosphere, which has a diffraction-limited resolution of the ERS telescope in its broad field of view, is proposed and proved. The offered algorithm makes easier and increases the rate for Earth remote sensing (ERS) images receiving. This algorithm enables to determine and reimburse its atmospheric distortions at digital statistic processing of the fragments of one registered image. The algorithm is a new and can be applied practically in the ERS systems.
指出了大气湍流对ERS系统的负面影响。综述了大气影响部分校正的硬件和软件技术。提出并证明了一种在大视场条件下具有衍射极限分辨率的无损图像恢复算法。该算法使地球遥感图像的接收变得更加简单,并提高了接收速率。该算法能够在对一幅配准图像的碎片进行数字统计处理时确定并补偿其大气畸变。该算法是一种新的算法,可以在ERS系统中实际应用。
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引用次数: 0
The Results of the Modeling and Estimate of the Characteristics of the Signals with Linear Frequency Modulation Reflected from the Spread Objects 扩频对象反射线性调频信号特性的建模与估计结果
Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.17238/issn2409-0239.2016.2.48
S. Medvedev, V. I. Shaposhnikov, O. A. Chekmazova
. The article contains the study of the algorithms of the weight impulse-type signal processing with linear frequency modulation in the radio engineering measurement system of parameters relative to the movement used for space vehicles docking. The aim of work is to increase the system working capacity due to eliminating the spurious signals reflected from the large-sized construction elements, for example from the International Space Station. Such spurious signals are received in the same time interval together with the useful signal that contains the data on the relative movement parameters. This can reduce the measurement accuracy of these parameters. In order to eliminate this effect, there was selected an broadband impulse signal with linear frequency modulation and digital processing of the received signal. Deterioration of the measurement accuracy caused by the sidelobes of the correlation function leads to the necessity to examine different ways of their reducing with the help of so called “mismatched reception” which has a distinctive feature of losses caused by the discrepancy. This work contains the research on measuring these losses depending upon the relation F KV /F DEV = K . Moreover, the best value of K when using this filter was found.
. 本文研究了空间飞行器对接相关运动参数无线电工程测量系统中线性调频加权脉冲型信号处理算法。工作的目的是通过消除大型构件(如国际空间站)反射的杂散信号来提高系统的工作能力。在相同的时间间隔内,与包含相对运动参数数据的有用信号一起接收这些杂散信号。这会降低这些参数的测量精度。为了消除这种影响,选择了宽带脉冲信号进行线性调频,并对接收信号进行数字处理。由于相关函数的副瓣导致测量精度的下降,因此有必要研究利用所谓的“不匹配接收”来降低其精度的不同方法,这种方法具有由差异引起的损失的显著特征。这项工作包含了根据F KV /F DEV = K关系测量这些损耗的研究。此外,还找到了使用该过滤器时K的最佳值。
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引用次数: 0
Communication Canal of Small-Size Spacecraft on the Base of Space Communication System GLOBALSTAR 基于全球星空间通信系统的小航天器通信通道
Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.17238/ISSN2409-0239.2016.2.38
I. Morozov, N. Danilin, N. Makukhin, A. Sergeev
Usage of the present global satellite communication systems of the general purpose for control of small-size spacecraft is considered to be a perspective and low-cost direction. The most suitable system to fulfill this task is the GLOBALSTAR system. For the first time a communication channel with this system was implemented on the nanosatellite TNS-0 No1 in 2005. The article shows the results of the comparative analysis of the experimental data received from TNS-0 No1 and a computer modeling of the mission conditions on the software package “Radio coverage zone of TNS-0”. Favourable communication conditions in which a technology for small-size spacecraft control with use of the GLOBALSTAR system is very effective, low-cost and operationally convenient, as well as realized both in stationary and mobile variants, are defined. It is determined that the area of space where communication can be possible is a so called “cone of communication” in which a small-size spacecraft, GLOBALSTAR spacecraft and ground gateways should be at one time. The article describes specific causes of lack of communication. Practical recommendations on increasing the amount and duration of communication sessions are given. A new way for communication channel organization using GLOBALSTAR satellite communication systems is proposed. The results of the ground tests are presented.
利用现有的通用全球卫星通信系统来控制小型航天器被认为是一个前景广阔和低成本的方向。最适合完成这项任务的系统是GLOBALSTAR系统。该系统的通信信道于2005年首次在纳米卫星tns - 0no1上实现。本文给出了在“TNS-0无线电覆盖区”软件包上对TNS-0 1号接收到的实验数据与任务条件计算机模拟的对比分析结果。确定了有利的通信条件,使使用GLOBALSTAR系统的小型航天器控制技术非常有效、低成本和操作方便,并在固定和移动变型中都能实现。确定可能进行通信的空间区域是所谓的“通信锥”,小型航天器、全球星航天器和地面网关应同时位于该区域。这篇文章描述了缺乏沟通的具体原因。就增加沟通会议的次数和时间提出了实际建议。提出了一种利用全球星卫星通信系统进行通信信道组织的新方法。给出了地面试验的结果。
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引用次数: 1
The Information-Measuring System for Space Technology Monitoring 空间技术监测信息测量系统
Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.17238/issn2409-0239.2016.2.60
A. S. Shchevelev, V. Kikot, A. Udalov
. The purpose of the research was to validate the choice of fiber-optic measuring instruments for space technology. It is shown that the information-measuring system meets the requirements of the system being operated in the special conditions of rocket and space engineering and of the objects of the ground space infrastructure. In addition, the task was to research the fiber-optic information-measuring system to determine the metrological characteristics and further evaluation of the system efficiency. The developed information-measuring system includes a fiber-optic strain and temperature sensors. The sensing tip of the fiber forms fiber bragg gratings (FBG). The temperature and strain readings are obtained by measuring the shift of the resonance FBG wavelength by the built-in spectrum analyzer. The results of the study showed that the sensitivity of the FBG was 11,2 pm/ ◦ C for the positive range (from 25 to 300 ◦ C) and 9,1 pm/ ◦ C — for the negative temperature range (from − 80 to 25 ◦ C). The deformation ratio of FBG in the range up to 1200 με (0,012 ε ) was K = 0,6 ± 0,3 [1 /με ]. The comparison of the calculated and experimental data showed minor discrepancy between the predicted and experimental values, which confirms the correctness of the constructive decision and system efficiency of the developed information-measurement system.
。这项研究的目的是验证为空间技术选择光纤测量仪器的可行性。结果表明,该信息测量系统能够满足在火箭航天工程和地面空间基础设施对象的特殊条件下运行的要求。此外,还对光纤信息测量系统进行了研究,确定了系统的计量特性,并对系统的效率进行了进一步的评价。所开发的信息测量系统包括光纤应变和温度传感器。光纤的传感尖端形成光纤bragg光栅(FBG)。通过内置频谱分析仪测量谐振光纤光栅波长的位移,获得温度和应变读数。研究结果表明,FBG在正温度范围(25 ~ 300◦C)的灵敏度为11.2 pm/◦C,在负温度范围(- 80 ~ 25◦C)的灵敏度为9.5 pm/◦C -,在1200 με (0.012 ε)范围内,FBG的变形比K = 0.6±0.3 [1 /με]。计算值与实验值的比较表明,预测值与实验值相差不大,证实了所开发的信息测量系统的建设性决策的正确性和系统效率。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Rocket-Space Device Engineering and Information Systems
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