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Coworking Spaces as a Driver of the Post-Fordist City: a Tool for Building a Creative Ecosystem 联合办公空间作为后福特城市的驱动力:构建创意生态系统的工具
IF 0.6 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.18778/1231-1952.27.1.05
Pavel Bednář, Lukáš Danko
Collaborative places nurture creativity and efficiency of cultural and creative industries. Research in collaborative places revealed they are essential for networking and cooperation in the creative ecosystem. The results of studies focusing on competitiveness of coworking spaces and their effect on boosting entrepreneurship are rather vague. Furthermore, an awareness of how coworking spaces stimulate coworkers to engage in urban regeneration through local community initiatives is limited. Hence, this study seeks to provide an insight into coworking spaces from the organizational perspective devoted to entrepreneurship and competitiveness. Simultaneously, the paper aims to reveal synergies between creative communities and local development. The method of data gathering consists of semi-structured in-depth interviews with managers and entrepreneurs from selected countries of the EU applying the grounded theory for their analysis. The results suggest that coworking spaces indicate a boosting of the entrepreneurship of the creative class through collective projects. These activities tend to stimulate knowledge creation and open innovation in the creative ecosystem that benefit local development. Coworking spaces also represent a driving force to initiate and maintain a dialogue between the creative ecosystem and local authorities for culture-led urban development.
协作场所培养文化创意产业的创造力和效率。对合作场所的研究表明,它们对创意生态系统中的网络和合作至关重要。关于共同办公空间竞争力及其对促进创业的影响的研究结果相当模糊。此外,人们对共享办公空间如何通过当地社区倡议激励同事参与城市复兴的认识是有限的。因此,本研究试图从致力于创业和竞争力的组织角度深入了解共同工作空间。同时,本文旨在揭示创意社区与地方发展之间的协同作用。数据收集方法包括对来自欧盟选定国家的管理人员和企业家进行半结构化的深入访谈,并应用扎根理论进行分析。研究结果表明,共享办公空间表明通过集体项目促进了创意阶层的创业精神。这些活动往往会刺激创意生态系统中的知识创造和开放创新,有利于当地发展。共同工作空间也是启动和保持创意生态系统与地方当局之间对话的推动力,以促进文化主导的城市发展。
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引用次数: 9
New Geographies of Work: Re-Scaling Micro-Worlds 新的工作地域:重新缩放微观世界
IF 0.6 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.18778/1231-1952.27.1.03
Hans-Joachim Bürkner, B. Lange
The recently emerging new types of collaborative work and unconventional workplaces indicate that shifting social and economic practices have odd spatial implications. The diversity of work, mostly based on hybrid social and economic logics, has brought forth a number of new contextualised spatial constructs in recent years: makerspaces, fab labs, open workshops, and co-working spaces now require detailed analytical reconstruction and conceptualisation. This article is a theoretical discussion of the nature of fluid and contingent spatialisation against the backdrop of binary explanatory categories (e.g. local-global; proximity-distance). Drawing upon modernised concepts of horizontal scaling, we propose a perspective on hybrid work which focuses on contingent multiple, multidirectional and temporal scalings created by a variety of users while developing their own micro-worlds of work.
最近出现的新型协作工作和非传统工作场所表明,不断变化的社会和经济实践具有奇怪的空间影响。近年来,工作的多样性,主要基于混合的社会和经济逻辑,带来了许多新的情境化空间结构:制造商空间、晶圆厂实验室、开放式车间和共同工作空间现在需要详细的分析重建和概念化。这篇文章是在二元解释类别(例如局部-全局;邻近-距离)的背景下对流动性和偶然空间化的性质进行的理论讨论。根据水平缩放的现代化概念,我们提出了一种混合工作的视角,该视角侧重于各种用户在开发自己的微观工作世界的同时创造的偶然的多个、多方向和时间缩放。
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引用次数: 5
The Mortality Structure of Populations the Demographic and Socio-Economic Situation in European Union Countries: Development and Differentiation in the Period 2011–2014 人口死亡率结构——欧盟国家的人口和社会经济状况:2011-2014年的发展和分化
IF 0.6 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.18778/1231-1952.27.1.08
D. Hübelová, A. Kozumplíková, Veronika Walicová
The purpose of the study is to compare the differentiation of the demographic and socio-economic indicators and the structure of mortality of the population in EU countries in the period 2011–2014. The composite indicator of mortality structure revealed the most favourable situation in Finland (134.4%), while the worst situation was found in Hungary (63.8%). The best demographic and socio-economic situation was found in Luxembourg (165.4%) and the worst in Hungary (64.9%), Greece (65.9%) or Lithuania (67.3%). The regression model equation shows that the mortality structure is strongly affected by the variables of life expectancy at birth and education. It is evident that there was a differentiation in the demographic and socio-economic indicators in EU countries in the period 2011–2014, while there was no unambiguous trend of the convergence of the mortality structure among EU countries.
本研究的目的是比较2011-2014年期间欧盟国家人口和社会经济指标的差异以及人口死亡率结构。死亡率结构的综合指标显示,芬兰的情况最为有利(134.4%),而匈牙利的情况最差(63.8%)。卢森堡的人口和社会经济状况最好(165.4%)和匈牙利最差(64.9%),希腊(65.9%)或立陶宛(67.3%)。回归模型方程显示,死亡率结构受到出生时预期寿命和教育程度变量的强烈影响。很明显,2011-2014年期间,欧盟国家的人口和社会经济指标存在差异,而欧盟国家之间的死亡率结构没有明确的趋同趋势。
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引用次数: 2
Transit in Regional Economic Development: The Case of the Kaliningrad Exclave 区域经济发展中的转型:以加里宁格勒边疆区为例
IF 0.6 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.18778/1231-1952.27.1.12
K. Voloshenko, I. Gumenyuk, Nils Göran Arne Roos
The study analyses the role of the transit function in the development of a regional transport system drawing on the example of the Kaliningrad exclave region (Russia). The article studies the role and extent of the impact of changes in the volume and structure of transit operations on the value-added creation in the regional economy. The assessment of the transit function was conducted using analytical software for strategizing and situational forecasting of the socio-economic development of the Kaliningrad region, the analogue of which is the CGE-model. The article describes the results of the regional value-added modelling based on the integrated index of gross regional product (GRP) and the changing volume and structure of transit cargo. The article explores the transit specialisation options for the Kaliningrad region based on different scenarios of its social and economic development and the changes in external factors. The results can be applied to similar studies on assessing the transit potential of a particular territory and developing measures to support the transportation system development in other regions.
本研究以加里宁格勒飞地地区(俄罗斯)为例,分析了过境功能在区域交通系统发展中的作用。本文研究了过境业务量和结构的变化对区域经济中增值创造的作用和影响程度。使用分析软件对加里宁格勒地区的社会经济发展进行战略制定和态势预测,对交通功能进行了评估,该软件类似于CGE模型。本文介绍了基于区域生产总值综合指数和过境货物数量和结构变化的区域增值模型的结果。本文基于加里宁格勒地区社会经济发展的不同情景和外部因素的变化,探讨了该地区的公交专业化选择。研究结果可应用于类似的研究,评估特定地区的过境潜力,并制定措施支持其他地区的交通系统发展。
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引用次数: 1
Urban Strategic Planning from the Perspective of Well-Being: Evaluation of the Hungarian Practice 幸福视角下的城市战略规划——对匈牙利实践的评价
IF 0.6 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.18778/1231-1952.27.1.10
Z. Bajmócy, J. Gébert, György Málovics, B. Berki, J. Juhasz
The present paper evaluates Hungarian strategic urban planning from the perspective of well-being. It conceptualises well-being in line with Amartya Sen’s capability approach (CA). We argue that the CA provides a meaningful concept of common good or public interest for evaluation. The open-ended nature of CA allows one to embrace the complexity of strategic planning, but it is definite enough to provide a clear normative framework for evaluation. We base our conclusions on 49 interviews with various local actors in three second-tier cities. We conclude that the CA-based evaluation can supplement the dominantly used conformance or performance-based evaluation approaches. We also found that instead of depicting an unachievable ideal state, the CA is able to provide guidance for feasible steps to further well-being.
本文从幸福的角度评价匈牙利的战略城市规划。它根据Amartya Sen的能力方法(CA)将幸福感概念化。我们认为,CA为评估提供了一个有意义的公共利益或公共利益概念。CA的开放性允许人们接受战略规划的复杂性,但它足够明确,可以为评估提供一个明确的规范框架。我们的结论是基于对三个二线城市不同当地演员的49次采访得出的。我们得出的结论是,基于CA的评估可以补充主要使用的一致性或基于性能的评估方法。我们还发现,CA能够为进一步改善幸福感的可行步骤提供指导,而不是描绘一种无法实现的理想状态。
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引用次数: 4
Primer on the Cluster Impact on Internationalisation in the Form of FDI in the Time of Industry 4.0 工业4.0时代FDI对国际化的集群影响初探
IF 0.6 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.18778/1231-1952.27.1.09
Marta A. Götz
The novelty of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) as a research topic means that the literature covering the interrelations between digital business transformation and categories such as internationalisation, foreign direct investment (FDI), or clusters is scant. This paper shows that clusters may contribute to the advancement of I4.0 while at the same time they stimulate the internationalisation of indigenous firms and the inflow of foreign investors. Based on conceptual deliberations it develops a research agenda for exploring how clusters might affect OFDI and IFDI by facilitating the I4.0. It can advance our understanding on the spatial aspects of the ongoing business digital transformation.
工业4.0(I4.0)作为一个研究主题的新颖性意味着,涵盖数字商业转型与国际化、外国直接投资(FDI)或集群等类别之间相互关系的文献很少。本文表明,集群可能有助于I4.0的发展,同时也刺激了本土企业的国际化和外国投资者的流入。在概念审议的基础上,它制定了一个研究议程,探讨集群如何通过促进I4.0来影响对外直接投资和国际直接投资。它可以促进我们对正在进行的商业数字化转型的空间方面的理解。
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引用次数: 0
The Rise of Creative Hubs in Istanbul 伊斯坦布尔创意中心的兴起
IF 0.6 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.18778/1231-1952.27.1.06
M. Parlak, T. Baycan
This study investigates the emergence and the rise of Creative Hubs (CHs) in Istanbul, which as Turkey’s economic capital contains most of its creative workforce and the largest number of its CHs. In the last 10 years, the number of co-working spaces (CWSs), incubation centres (ICs), labs, and makerspaces in the city has rapidly increased, following a global trend. This study aims to better understand the changing working forms of the city by investigating the motivations behind the emergence of CHs. 46 CH examples, consisting of CWSs, ICs, makerspaces, and labs, have been examined for this purpose. The study is structured around the four main categories that highlight the different aspects of CHs: structure (establishment structure and community structure), focus (sectors and professions), services (physical and social facilities), and values (motivation). The findings of the study demonstrate that members of CHs are mostly freelancers, entrepreneurs, micro SMSs, and start-ups, consisting mostly of members of Generation Y. They work predominantly in creative sectors and tend to look for flexible and cost-saving solutions, support mechanisms, and new connections for their work. The research revealed that CHs are distinguished through the services that they provide. Having emerged as new forms to respond to the distinctive needs of emerging jobs in the creative economy era, they can be considered a new landscape of the post-industrial city.
本研究调查了伊斯坦布尔创意中心的出现和崛起,伊斯坦布尔作为土耳其的经济首都,拥有大部分创意劳动力和最多的创意中心。在过去的10年里,该市的合作空间(CWS)、孵化中心(IC)、实验室和制造空间的数量随着全球趋势迅速增加。本研究旨在通过调查CH出现背后的动机,更好地了解城市工作形式的变化。46个CH实例,包括CWS、IC、制造空间和实验室,已经为此目的进行了检查。该研究围绕四个主要类别展开,突出了CH的不同方面:结构(机构结构和社区结构)、重点(部门和专业)、服务(物质和社会设施)和价值观(动机)。研究结果表明,CH的成员大多是自由职业者、企业家、微型SMS和初创企业,主要由Y世代成员组成。他们主要在创意行业工作,倾向于为自己的工作寻找灵活且节省成本的解决方案、支持机制和新的联系。研究表明,CH是通过其提供的服务来区分的。它们以新的形式出现,以回应创意经济时代新兴就业岗位的独特需求,可以被视为后工业城市的一道新风景。
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引用次数: 4
Transport Accessibility and Mobility: A Forecast of Changes in the Face of Planned Development of the Network of Expressways and Motorways in Poland 交通可达性和机动性:面对波兰高速公路和高速公路网络的规划发展,对变化的预测
IF 0.6 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.18778/1231-1952.26.2.08
M. Kowalski, S. Wiśniewski
Abstract The article presents a forecast of changes in the level of transport accessibility and mobility in Poland as a result of the anticipated development of the network of expressways and motorways. The progress which has been made in this respect in the last few years in Poland is unquestionable and unrepeatable by any other European country. Will the subsequent investment plans concerning the road network of the highest parameters offer equally impressive results as far as the increase in Poland’s territorial cohesion is concerned? The aim of this article is to establish in what way the planned infrastructure investments will affect the changes in transport accessibility and mobility as well as whether they will result in the changes in traffic flows directed to Warsaw and other regional centres. To achieve this, an analysis of the present and target states of the road network in Poland was conducted from the perspective of the changes in accessibility, anticipated traffic flows, and mobility. For this purpose, the authors used the analyses of isochrone and accumulative accessibility in ArcMap environment and the research into traffic flows and their changes in the Visum software. The conducted research showed that the planned transport network might result in induced traffic through an increase in accessibility (the central variant) with the assumption that an increase in mobility would be vented in the real face of the phenomenon of motility. The fact of opening new road sections of expressways will contribute to substantial changes in the directions of traffic flows only to a slight extent, and the only transformations concern regions with already developed fast car transport infrastructures whose functionality is limited due to the lack of cohesion in the subsequent course or lack of a developed network of expressways and motorways.
摘要:文章提出了在波兰的交通可达性和机动性水平的变化预测作为高速公路和高速公路网络的预期发展的结果。过去几年来波兰在这方面所取得的进展是毋庸置疑的,任何其他欧洲国家都无法复制。就增加波兰的领土凝聚力而言,随后有关最高参数公路网的投资计划是否也会带来同样令人印象深刻的结果?本文的目的是确定计划的基础设施投资将以何种方式影响交通可达性和流动性的变化,以及它们是否会导致通往华沙和其他区域中心的交通流量的变化。为了实现这一目标,我们从可达性、预期交通流量和机动性的变化角度对波兰道路网络的现状和目标状态进行了分析。为此,作者在ArcMap环境中对等时性和累积可达性进行了分析,并在Visum软件中对交通流量及其变化进行了研究。所进行的研究表明,计划的交通网络可能会通过增加可达性(中心变量)导致诱导交通,并假设流动性的增加将在流动性现象的真实面对中得到宣泄。高速公路新路段的开通只会在很小的程度上对交通流的方向产生实质性的改变,而且这些转变只涉及那些已经发展起来的快速汽车运输基础设施的地区,这些地区的功能由于后续过程缺乏凝聚力或缺乏发达的高速公路和高速公路网络而受到限制。
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引用次数: 10
A New Challenge for Urban Planning in Turkey: Socio-Spatial Impacts of Forced Migration 土耳其城市规划的新挑战:被迫移民的社会空间影响
IF 0.6 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.18778/1231-1952.26.2.06
Tolga Levent
Abstract In recent decades, forced migration has become a globally salient issue for both developed and developing countries. As a developing country, Turkey is a significant destination for forced migration, with more than 3.6 million Syrian immigrants. This study concentrates on the socio-spatial impacts of forced migration in Turkish cities where Syrian immigrants have been concentrated and aims to answer the question: “Does forced migration produce an urban crisis in such cities?” The study leads to a prescription about new qualities of urban planning for coping with the urban crisis through a resilience strategy.
近几十年来,对发达国家和发展中国家来说,强迫移民已经成为一个全球性的突出问题。作为一个发展中国家,土耳其是被迫移民的重要目的地,有360多万叙利亚移民。本研究集中于叙利亚移民集中的土耳其城市被迫移民的社会空间影响,旨在回答这个问题:“被迫移民是否在这些城市产生了城市危机?”该研究为通过弹性策略应对城市危机的城市规划提供了新的质量处方。
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引用次数: 2
Tracing the (Hidden) Spatialities of Digital Agendas: The Case of ‘Digital Hungary’ 追踪数字议程的(隐藏)空间性:以“数字匈牙利”为例
IF 0.6 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.18778/1231-1952.26.2.07
K. Varró
Abstract Policies that aim at bringing about a digital transformation (seek to) create the conditions for particular spatial development trajectories. Yet, the understandings, explicit and implicit, of space advanced by digital agendas have remained rather underexposed to date. This paper addresses this gap by developing a Foucauldian-inspired discourse-analytical framework and applies it to the programme of ‘Digital Hungary’. It is argued that policies of digitalisation in Hungary only to a minor extent consider the spatial dimension, and their impact potentially undermines the declared aims of spatial development at different scales.
旨在实现数字化转型的政策(寻求)为特定的空间发展轨迹创造条件。然而,迄今为止,数字议程所推动的对空间的理解,无论是明确的还是隐含的,仍然相当不足。本文通过开发一个福柯式的话语分析框架来解决这一差距,并将其应用于“数字匈牙利”计划。有人认为,匈牙利的数字化政策只在很小程度上考虑了空间维度,它们的影响可能会破坏不同尺度的空间发展目标。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
European Spatial Research and Policy
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