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Mechanistic Model of Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects to Cells using Structured Population Approach 用结构群体方法建立辐射诱导细胞旁观者效应的机制模型
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.11113/MATEMATIKA.V34.N3.1147
Fuaada Mohd Siam, M. Nasir
In irradiation process, instead of traverse on the targeted cells, there is side effect happens to non-targeted cells. The targeted cells that had been irradiated with ionizing radiation emits damaging signal molecules to the surrounding and then, damage the bystander cells. The type of damage considered in this work is the number of double-strand breaks (DSBs) of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in cell’s nucleus. By using mathematical approach, a mechanistic model that can describe this phenomenon is developed based on a structured population approach. Then, the accuracy of the model is validated by its ability to match the experimental data. The Particle Swarm (PS) optimization is employed for the data fitting procedure. PS optimization searches the parameter value that minimize the errors between the model simulation data and experimental data. It is obtained that the mathematical modelling proposed in this paper is strongly in line with the experimental data.
在照射过程中,非靶向细胞会产生副作用,而不是穿过靶向细胞。受到电离辐射照射的靶细胞会向周围发出破坏性的信号分子,然后破坏旁观者的细胞。这项工作中考虑的损伤类型是细胞核中脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的双链断裂次数。通过使用数学方法,在结构化总体方法的基础上开发了一个可以描述这种现象的机制模型。然后,通过模型与实验数据的匹配能力验证了模型的准确性。数据拟合过程采用粒子群算法。PS优化搜索使模型模拟数据和实验数据之间的误差最小化的参数值。结果表明,本文提出的数学模型与实验数据非常吻合。
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引用次数: 0
Frequency Model of Credit Payment using Bayesian Geometric Regression and Bayesian Mixture Geometric Regression 基于贝叶斯几何回归和贝叶斯混合几何回归的信用支付频率模型
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.11113/MATEMATIKA.V34.N3.1143
Ikacipta Mega Ayuputri, Nur Iriawan, P. P. Oktaviana
In distributing funds to customers as credit, multi-finance companies have two necessary risks, i.e. prepayment risk, and default risk. The default risk can be minimized by determining the factors that affect the survival of customers to make credit payment, in terms of frequency of credit payments by customers that are distributed geometry. The proposed modelling is using Bayesian Geometric Regression and Bayesian Mixture Geometric Regression. The best model of this research is modelling using Bayesian Geometric Regression method because it has lower DIC values than Bayesian Mixture Geometric Regression. Modelling using Bayesian Geometric Regression show the significant variables are marital status, down payment, installment length, length of stay, and insurance.
多元金融公司在将资金作为信贷分配给客户的过程中,必然存在两种风险,即提前还款风险和违约风险。通过确定影响客户进行信用支付的生存因素,以分布几何形状的客户的信用支付频率为依据,可以将违约风险最小化。所提出的模型是使用贝叶斯几何回归和贝叶斯混合几何回归。本研究的最佳模型是使用贝叶斯几何回归方法建模,因为它比贝叶斯混合几何回归具有更低的DIC值。贝叶斯几何回归模型显示,婚姻状况、首付款、分期付款时间、住宿时间和保险是显著变量。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying Risk Factors for Female Cardiovascular Disease Patients in Malaysia: A Bayesian Approach 识别马来西亚女性心血管疾病患者的危险因素:贝叶斯方法
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.11113/MATEMATIKA.V34.N3.1135
Nurliyana Juhan, Y. Zubairi, Z. M. Khalid, A. S. M. Zuhdi
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) includes coronary heart disease, cerebrovasculardisease (stroke), peripheral artery disease, and atherosclerosis of the aorta. All femalesface the threat of CVD. But becoming aware of symptoms and signs is a great challengesince most adults at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have no symptoms orobvious signs especially in females. The symptoms may be identified by the assessmentof their risk factors. The Bayesian approach is a specific way in dealing with this kindof problem by formalizing a priori beliefs and of combining them with the available ob-servations. This study aimed to identify associated risk factors in CVD among femalepatients presenting with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) using Bayesian lo-gistic regression and obtain a feasible model to describe the data. A total of 874 STEMIfemale patients in the National Cardiovascular Disease Database-Acute Coronary Syn-drome (NCVD-ACS) registry year 2006-2013 were analysed. Bayesian Markov ChainMonte Carlo (MCMC) simulation approach was applied in the univariate and multivariateanalysis. Model performance was assessed through the model calibration and discrimina-tion. The final multivariate model of STEMI female patients consisted of six significantvariables namely smoking, dyslipidaemia, myocardial infarction (MI), renal disease, Killipclass and age group. Females aged 65 years and above have higher incidence of CVD andmortality is high among female patients with Killip class IV. Also, renal disease was astrong predictor of CVD mortality. Besides, performance measures for the model wasconsidered good. Bayesian logistic regression model provided a better understanding onthe associated risk factors of CVD for female patients which may help tailor preventionor treatment plans more effectively.
心血管疾病(CVD)包括冠心病、脑血管病(中风)、外周动脉疾病和主动脉动脉粥样硬化。所有女性都面临心血管疾病的威胁。但意识到症状和体征是一个巨大的挑战,因为大多数心血管疾病风险增加的成年人没有症状或明显的体征,尤其是女性。症状可以通过评估其风险因素来识别。贝叶斯方法是处理这类问题的一种特殊方法,它将先验信念形式化,并将它们与可用的观测相结合。本研究旨在使用贝叶斯逻辑回归来确定ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)女性患者心血管疾病的相关危险因素,并获得一个可行的模型来描述数据。对2006-2013年国家心血管疾病数据库急性冠状动脉综合征(NCVD-ACS)登记的874名STEMI女性患者进行了分析。将贝叶斯马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗(MCMC)模拟方法应用于单变量和多变量分析。通过模型校准和判别来评估模型性能。STEMI女性患者的最终多变量模型由六个有意义的变量组成,即吸烟、血脂异常、心肌梗死(MI)、肾脏疾病、Killiclass和年龄组。65岁及以上的女性CVD发病率较高,Killip IV级女性患者的死亡率较高。此外,肾脏疾病是CVD死亡率的主要预测因素。此外,该模型的性能指标被认为是良好的。贝叶斯逻辑回归模型更好地了解了女性患者心血管疾病的相关风险因素,有助于更有效地制定预防或治疗计划。
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引用次数: 0
Heat and Mass Transfer of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Boundary Layer Flow using Homotopy Analysis Method 用同伦分析方法研究磁流体力学边界层流动的传热传质
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.11113/MATEMATIKA.V34.N3.1150
Nur Liyana Nazari, A. Aziz, Vincent David, Zaileha Md Ali
Heat and mass transfer of MHD boundary-layer flow of a viscous incompressible fluid over an exponentially stretching sheet in the presence of radiation is investigated. The two-dimensional boundary-layer governing partial differential equations are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using similarity variables. The transformed equations of momentum, energy and concentration are solved by Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM). The validity of HAM solution is ensured by comparing the HAM solution with existing solutions. The influence of physical parameters such as magnetic parameter, Prandtl number, radiation parameter, and Schmidt number on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are discussed. It is found that the increasing values of magnetic parameter reduces the dimensionless velocity field but enhances the dimensionless temperature and concentration field. The temperature distribution decreases with increasing values of Prandtl number. However, the temperature distribution increases when radiation parameter increases. The concentration boundary layer thickness decreases as a result of increase in Schmidt number
研究了在辐射作用下粘性不可压缩流体在指数拉伸薄片上的MHD边界层流动的传热传质问题。利用相似变量将二维边界层控制偏微分方程转化为非线性常微分方程组。用同伦分析法求解了变换后的动量、能量和浓度方程。通过与已有解的比较,验证了该解的有效性。讨论了磁参数、普朗特数、辐射参数和施密特数等物理参数对速度、温度和浓度分布的影响。结果表明,随着磁参量的增大,无量纲速度场减小,而温度场和浓度场增大。温度分布随普朗特数的增大而减小。而温度分布随辐射参数的增大而增大。浓度边界层厚度随着施密特数的增加而减小
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引用次数: 3
Transcritical Flow Over a Bump using Forced Korteweg-de Vries Equation 用强迫Korteweg-de-Vries方程求解凸块上的跨临界流动
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.11113/MATEMATIKA.V34.N3.1149
Vincent David, A. Bahar, Z. A. Aziz
The flow of water over an obstacle is a fundamental problem in fluid mechanics. Transcritical flow means the wave phenomenon near the exact criticality. The transcritical flow cannot be handled by linear solutions as the energy is unable to propagate away from the obstacle. Thus, it is important to carry out a study to identify suitable model to analyse the transcritical flow. The aim of this study is to analyse the transcritical flow over a bump as localized obstacles where the bump consequently generates upstream and downstream flows. Nonlinear shallow water forced Korteweg-de Vries (fKdV) model is used to analyse the flow over the bump. This theoretical model, containing forcing functions represents bottom topography is considered as the simplified model to describe water flows over a bump. The effect of water dispersion over the forcing region is investigated using the fKdV model. Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) is used to solve this theoretical fKdV model. The HAM solution which is chosen with a special choice of }-value describes the physical flow of waves and the significance of dispersion over abump is elaborated.
水在障碍物上的流动是流体力学中的一个基本问题。跨临界流动是指在精确临界附近的波动现象。跨临界流不能由线性解处理,因为能量不能传播离开障碍物。因此,进行研究以确定合适的模型来分析跨临界流动是很重要的。本研究的目的是将凸块上的跨临界流动分析为局部障碍物,从而使凸块产生上游和下游流动。非线性浅水强迫Korteweg-de-Vries(fKdV)模型用于分析凸块上方的流动。该理论模型包含代表底部地形的强迫函数,被认为是描述凸起上方水流的简化模型。利用fKdV模型研究了强迫区上的水分散效应。利用同源分析法(HAM)求解该理论fKdV模型。通过特殊的}-值选择的HAM解描述了波的物理流动,并阐述了在abump上色散的意义。
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引用次数: 2
Optimal Control of Lipid Extraction Model on Microalgae Using Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Pontryagin Maximum Principle (PMP) Methods 线性二次调节器(LQR)和庞特里亚金最大值原理(PMP)对微藻脂质提取模型的优化控制
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.11113/MATEMATIKA.V34.N3.1145
M. Mardlijah, Nur Ilmayasinta, L. Hanafi, Suharmadi Sanjaya
Algae are good plants as raw materials for biodiesel. Chlorella Vulgaris is one of the most economical algae to produce biodiesel since it is rich in carbohydrates, require no special care, and easy to grow. Algae oil for biodiesel production is obtained through fairly long processes, one of which is the lipid extraction. Mathematical model can be used to obtain optimal results. The optimal control theory itself is concerned with the analysis of controlled dynamic systems, in which a system is directed from configurations given to some desire target by minimizing or maximizing some criteria. In this study, LQR formulation has the advantages of easy to analyze and implementation. In comparison, optimum control is performed using the PMP method, to obtain the best control of the dynamic system from the initial state to the end, i.e by maximizing the objective function. This method is a better method than the LQR method. Optimal control is performed in order to optimize the yield of lipid concentration in the solvent flow (Cs), in the microalgae particles (Cp), and minimizing the volume of solvent (v). From the simulation, it is found that the PMP method is more optimal in this system compared to the LQR method.
藻类是作为生物柴油原料的好植物。小球藻是生产生物柴油最经济的藻类之一,因为它富含碳水化合物,不需要特别护理,而且易于种植。用于生产生物柴油的藻类油是通过相当长的过程获得的,其中之一是脂质提取。数学模型可以用来获得最佳结果。最优控制理论本身涉及受控动态系统的分析,其中通过最小化或最大化一些标准,将系统从给定的配置引导到某个期望目标。在本研究中,LQR公式具有易于分析和实现的优点。相比之下,使用PMP方法进行最佳控制,以获得从初始状态到结束的动态系统的最佳控制,即通过最大化目标函数。这种方法比LQR方法更好。进行最佳控制以优化溶剂流(Cs)、微藻颗粒(Cp)中脂质浓度的产率,并最小化溶剂体积(v)。仿真结果表明,与LQR方法相比,PMP方法在该系统中更为优化。
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引用次数: 4
Logo Dasar Universitas Syiah Kuala Pada Sistem Koordinat Kutub
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2018-12-29 DOI: 10.29313/jmtm.v17i2.4368
M. Mahmudi, Salmawaty Arif, Wenny Herliana
Abstrak. Sistem koordinat kutub merupakan sistem koordinat dengan setiap titik pada bidang ditentukan oleh suatu jarak dari titik tertentu dan suatu sudut dari arah tertentu. Beberapa model grafik persamaan kutub dapat dikembangkan untuk menghasilkan bentuk-bentuk artistik yang memiliki sifat simetri. Salah satu bentuk artistik yang menarik untuk dikaji adalah Logo Dasar Universitas Syiah Kuala. Tulisan ini akan membahas bentuk Logo Dasar Universitas Syiah Kuala dengan menggunakan koordinat kutub.Kata kunci: Sistem koordinat kutub, grafik persamaan kutub, Logo Dasar Universitas Syiah KualaAbstract. The polar coordinate system is a coordinate system with each point in a field determined by a distance from a certain point and an angle from a particular direction. Several graph models of polar equations are developed to produce artistic forms that have symmetrical properties. The Original Logo of Syiah Kuala University is one of this kind of interesting artistic forms. This paper will discuss the form of Syiah Kuala University's Original Logo using polar coordinates.Keywords: The polar coordinate system, graph of polar equation, The Original Logo of Syiah Kuala University
摘要三次坐标系是场中的每个点由与特定点的距离和与特定方向的角度定义的坐标系。可以开发一些三次方程图形模型来产生具有对称特性的艺术形状。其中一个有趣的艺术形式测试是吉隆坡大学的基本标志。本文将使用三次坐标讨论吉隆坡大学的基本标志形式。关键词:古巴坐标系,古巴方程图,吉隆坡核心标志大学摘要。极坐标系是一种坐标系,场中的每个点都由与某个点的距离和与特定方向的角度决定。开发了几个极坐标方程的图形模型,以产生具有对称特性的艺术形式。吉隆坡大学的原始标志就是这种有趣的艺术形式之一。本文将讨论马来西亚吉隆坡大学原始标志的极坐标形式。关键词:极坐标系,极坐标方程图,马来西亚吉隆坡大学原创标志
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引用次数: 0
Some Numerical Methods and Comparisons for Solving Mathematical Model of Surface Decontamination by Disinfectant Solution 消毒剂溶液表面去污数学模型求解的几种数值方法及比较
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2018-12-02 DOI: 10.11113/MATEMATIKA.V34.N2.1055
Chai Jin Sian, Y. Hoe, A. H. Murid
A mathematical model is considered to determine the effectiveness of disinfectant solution for surface decontamination. The decontamination process involved the diffusion of bacteria into disinfectant solution and the reaction of the disinfectant killing effect. The mathematical model is a reaction-diffusion type. Finite difference method and method of lines with fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are utilized to solve the model numerically. To obtain stable solutions, von Neumann stability analysis is employed to evaluate the stability of finite difference method. For stiff problem, Dormand-Prince method is applied as the estimated error of fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. MATLAB programming is selected for the computation of numerical solutions. From the results obtained, fourth-order Runge-Kutta method has a larger stability region and better accuracy of solutions compared to finite difference method when solving the disinfectant solution model. Moreover, a numerical simulation is carried out to investigate the effect of different thickness of disinfectant solution on bacteria reduction. Results show that thick disinfectant solution is able to reduce the dimensionless bacteria concentration more effectively
考虑了一个数学模型来确定消毒剂溶液对表面去污的有效性。去污过程包括细菌向消毒剂溶液中的扩散和消毒剂杀灭效果的反应。数学模型是一种反应扩散型。采用有限差分法和四阶龙格-库塔线法对模型进行了数值求解。为了获得稳定的解,采用冯-诺依曼稳定性分析来评估有限差分法的稳定性。对于刚性问题,采用Dormand-Prince方法作为四阶龙格-库塔方法的估计误差。数值解的计算选用MATLAB编程。结果表明,四阶龙格-库塔法在求解消毒液模型时,与有限差分法相比,具有更大的稳定域和更好的求解精度。此外,还进行了数值模拟,研究了不同厚度的消毒液对细菌减少的影响。结果表明,浓消毒液能够更有效地降低无量纲细菌浓度
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引用次数: 0
Nonlinear Partial Dierential Equations Model Related to Oxidation Pond Treatment System: A Case Study of mPHO at Taman Timor Oxidation Pond, Johor Bahru 氧化池处理系统的非线性偏微分方程模型:以柔佛州Taman Timor氧化池mPHO为例
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2018-12-02 DOI: 10.11113/MATEMATIKA.V34.N2.1038
A. Hamzah, A. H. Murid
This study presents a mathematical model examining wastewater pollutant removalthrough an oxidation pond treatment system. This model was developed to describethe reaction between microbe-based product mPHO (comprising Phototrophic bac-teria (PSB)), dissolved oxygen (DO) and pollutant namely chemical oxygen demand(COD). It consists of coupled advection-diusion-reaction equations for the microor-ganism (PSB), DO and pollutant (COD) concentrations, respectively. The couplingof these equations occurred due to the reactions between PSB, DO and COD to pro-duce harmless compounds. Since the model is nonlinear partial dierential equations(PDEs), coupled, and dynamic, computational algorithm with a specic numericalmethod, which is implicit Crank-Nicolson method, was employed to simulate the dy-namical behaviour of the system. Furthermore, numerical results revealed that theproposed model demonstrated high accuracy when compared to the experimental data.Keywords Oxidation pond; nonlinear PDEs; PSB; implicit Crank-Nicolson.
本研究提出了一个通过氧化池处理系统检测废水污染物去除的数学模型。该模型用于描述微生物基产物mPHO(包括光营养细菌(PSB))、溶解氧(DO)和污染物化学需氧量(COD)之间的反应。它分别由微生物(PSB)、DO和污染物(COD)浓度的耦合平流-扩散反应方程组成。这些方程的耦合是由于PSB、DO和COD之间的反应产生无害化合物。由于该模型是非线性偏微分方程(PDE),具有耦合性和动态性,因此采用了一种特殊的数值方法计算算法,即隐式Crank-Nicolson方法来模拟系统的动力学行为。此外,数值结果表明,与实验数据相比,所提出的模型具有较高的精度。氧化池;非线性偏微分方程;PSB;隐含的Crank Nicolson。
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引用次数: 2
Effect of Hall Current on Unsteady Magneto Hydrodynamic Flow Past an Exponentially Accelerated Inclined Plate with Variable Temperature and Mass Diffusion 霍尔电流对指数加速变温度质量扩散斜板非定常磁流体流动的影响
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2018-12-02 DOI: 10.11113/MATEMATIKA.V34.N2.876
U. S. Rajput, G. Kumar
The present study is carried out to examine the effect of Hall current on unsteady flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid past an exponentially accelerated inclined plate with variable wall temperature and mass diffusion in the presence of transversely applied uniform magnetic field. The plate temperature and the concentration level near the plate increase linearly with time. The governing equations involved in the present analysis are solved by the Laplace-transform technique. The velocity profile is discussed with the help of graphs drawn for different parameters like thermal Grashof number, mass Grashof number, Prandtl number, Hall current parameter, acceleration parameter, the magnetic field parameter and Schmidt number, and the numerical values of skin-friction have been tabulated. It is observed that the flow pattern is affected significantly with plate acceleration, Hall current. The importance of the problem can be seen in cooling of electronic components of a nuclear reactor, bed thermal storage and heat sink in the turbine blades.
本文研究了在横向施加均匀磁场的情况下,霍尔电流对粘性、不可压缩和导电流体在变壁温和质量扩散的指数加速倾斜板上非定常流行的影响。板温和板附近浓度随时间线性增加。本分析中所涉及的控制方程采用拉普拉斯变换技术求解。通过绘制热格拉什夫数、质量格拉什夫数、普朗特数、霍尔电流参数、加速度参数、磁场参数和施密特数等参数的曲线,讨论了速度分布,并将表面摩擦数值制成表格。观察到平板加速度、霍尔电流对流型有显著影响。这个问题的重要性可以从核反应堆的电子元件冷却、床蓄热器和涡轮叶片的散热器中看出。
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引用次数: 2
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