Michael Ziehl, Rico Herzog, Till Degkwitz, Martin Heinrich Niggemann, Gesa Ziemer, Rosa Thoneick
Integrated urban development can serve as a cross-sectoral planning concept to manage processes of transformation in urban systems towards sustainability and resilience. At the same time, urban digital twins are being implemented with increasing frequency in urban planning. They can be used to foster such transformations and to make improvements that are more adequate regarding the complexity of urban systems than mere efficiency boost. In this article, the authors discuss how they try to support such change by applying transformative research methods, such as conducting real-world experiments based on prototyping and testing digital tools. The article illustrates how they use the development of urban digital twins in Hamburg, Germany as a field of intervention with the aim of achieving broader usage by and representation of marginalised groups that are typically overlooked in such technology and in urban planning itself.
{"title":"Transformative Research in Digital Twins for Integrated Urban Development","authors":"Michael Ziehl, Rico Herzog, Till Degkwitz, Martin Heinrich Niggemann, Gesa Ziemer, Rosa Thoneick","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.333851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.333851","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated urban development can serve as a cross-sectoral planning concept to manage processes of transformation in urban systems towards sustainability and resilience. At the same time, urban digital twins are being implemented with increasing frequency in urban planning. They can be used to foster such transformations and to make improvements that are more adequate regarding the complexity of urban systems than mere efficiency boost. In this article, the authors discuss how they try to support such change by applying transformative research methods, such as conducting real-world experiments based on prototyping and testing digital tools. The article illustrates how they use the development of urban digital twins in Hamburg, Germany as a field of intervention with the aim of achieving broader usage by and representation of marginalised groups that are typically overlooked in such technology and in urban planning itself.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139274976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyses the extent to which heritage websites serve as a useful addition to the heritage planning toolkit in Singapore. Drawing on questionnaire surveys and interviews with 26 public servants in Singapore's public planning offices, a group of respondents usually difficult to access, this study reveals how and why this group of planners utilize heritage websites. Using Singapore's prevailing ‘3R' heritage conservation principle as a metric, this study also explores whether the information on heritage websites addresses heritage planning needs. Implications for heritage website design and use for other countries and the broader planning context are also outlined.
{"title":"Heritage Websites as a Useful Addition to the Planning Toolkit in Singapore","authors":"Osten Mah, Franziska Sielker","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.333622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.333622","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the extent to which heritage websites serve as a useful addition to the heritage planning toolkit in Singapore. Drawing on questionnaire surveys and interviews with 26 public servants in Singapore's public planning offices, a group of respondents usually difficult to access, this study reveals how and why this group of planners utilize heritage websites. Using Singapore's prevailing ‘3R' heritage conservation principle as a metric, this study also explores whether the information on heritage websites addresses heritage planning needs. Implications for heritage website design and use for other countries and the broader planning context are also outlined.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":"3 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Damurski, Carlos Mendez, Yannick Drijfhout, P. Pach, K. Piskorek, Virginia Arena
Journalism plays a central role in providing public information. This applies especially to the urban environment where informing citizens on local decision-making processes is an indispensable component of urban discourse. However, the rapid development of digital media raises questions about the quality of information provided by journalists. This study investigates the quality of urban discourse in the media, drawing on interviews with 51 journalists in four countries (Poland, United Kingdom, Ireland, and the Netherlands) representing various media types (public and private, nationwide and local, traditional and online). The results show that local journalism has great potential in shaping the relationships between local authorities and citizens. Digital media has led to a proliferation in the supply of content to the public as well as challenges in the provision of reliable information to citizens. Several solutions are proposed to raise the quality of urban discourse with respect to political accountability and agenda setting.
{"title":"The Impact of Digital Media on Urban Discourse","authors":"L. Damurski, Carlos Mendez, Yannick Drijfhout, P. Pach, K. Piskorek, Virginia Arena","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.326059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.326059","url":null,"abstract":"Journalism plays a central role in providing public information. This applies especially to the urban environment where informing citizens on local decision-making processes is an indispensable component of urban discourse. However, the rapid development of digital media raises questions about the quality of information provided by journalists. This study investigates the quality of urban discourse in the media, drawing on interviews with 51 journalists in four countries (Poland, United Kingdom, Ireland, and the Netherlands) representing various media types (public and private, nationwide and local, traditional and online). The results show that local journalism has great potential in shaping the relationships between local authorities and citizens. Digital media has led to a proliferation in the supply of content to the public as well as challenges in the provision of reliable information to citizens. Several solutions are proposed to raise the quality of urban discourse with respect to political accountability and agenda setting.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43902171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suvodeep Mazumdar, Jie Qi, D. Thakker, Barry Goodchild
The planning process in the UK is a highly complex system, developed over many decades, and is in the process of rapid transitions into digital planning. Among these transformations is a desire to move from an outputs-based assessment to an outcomes-based assessment process. This is challenging, and in this paper, the authors explore the variety of factors that make outcomes assessment challenging. The authors first studied the literature to understand how outcomes are complex, ranging across different sectors and practices, identifying 359 indicators related to outcomes. The authors then conducted a knowledge mapping exercise to understand the characteristics of the indicators in multiple themes. The authors also invited practitioners for an interview on their perspectives of outcomes assessment, definitions of outcomes, barriers to outcomes, the benefits of outcomes assessment, and how practitioners envision a world with outcomes assessment. The authors conclude the paper with future directions of research.
{"title":"Understanding Urban Planning Outcomes in the UK","authors":"Suvodeep Mazumdar, Jie Qi, D. Thakker, Barry Goodchild","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.326126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.326126","url":null,"abstract":"The planning process in the UK is a highly complex system, developed over many decades, and is in the process of rapid transitions into digital planning. Among these transformations is a desire to move from an outputs-based assessment to an outcomes-based assessment process. This is challenging, and in this paper, the authors explore the variety of factors that make outcomes assessment challenging. The authors first studied the literature to understand how outcomes are complex, ranging across different sectors and practices, identifying 359 indicators related to outcomes. The authors then conducted a knowledge mapping exercise to understand the characteristics of the indicators in multiple themes. The authors also invited practitioners for an interview on their perspectives of outcomes assessment, definitions of outcomes, barriers to outcomes, the benefits of outcomes assessment, and how practitioners envision a world with outcomes assessment. The authors conclude the paper with future directions of research.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44369979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While big cities are expected to exercise cost-effective, evidence-based planning, many are under reactive management, facing simultaneous problems and limited resources. This project develops a proof-of-concept workflow for the automatic monitoring of physical urban problems by combining remote sensing for detection and cartography for visualization. The example problem treated was the obstructive parking of vehicles on pavements as proxy for restricted urban mobility. Nine aerial images of UK urban areas were processed by a deep learning object detector of standard cars, achieving an F-score of 70.72%. Two large scale map reports of 200m wide areas were produced, featuring car detections and overlaps with topographic mapping features. Complementary analysis included the calculation of total detection window overlap per roadside pavement and its change with time. The proposed method combines uniform city-wide coverage with fast interpretation and can inspire the development of professional urban planning tools.
{"title":"Automatic Mapping of Physical Urban Problems Using Remotely Sensed Imagery","authors":"Nikolaos Lempesis","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.321156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.321156","url":null,"abstract":"While big cities are expected to exercise cost-effective, evidence-based planning, many are under reactive management, facing simultaneous problems and limited resources. This project develops a proof-of-concept workflow for the automatic monitoring of physical urban problems by combining remote sensing for detection and cartography for visualization. The example problem treated was the obstructive parking of vehicles on pavements as proxy for restricted urban mobility. Nine aerial images of UK urban areas were processed by a deep learning object detector of standard cars, achieving an F-score of 70.72%. Two large scale map reports of 200m wide areas were produced, featuring car detections and overlaps with topographic mapping features. Complementary analysis included the calculation of total detection window overlap per roadside pavement and its change with time. The proposed method combines uniform city-wide coverage with fast interpretation and can inspire the development of professional urban planning tools.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44816827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In South America, the urban population has been growing rapidly over the last century, with a share of more than 80% expected by 2020. This trend has created new challenges for city planning because municipalities must address issues caused by horizontal urban expansion and the informal occupation of peripheral areas. Frequently, the latter are not designed or equipped for the basic needs of new inhabitants. This research is based on the work of MGI, an initiative for smart, sustainable development in Piura, an intermediate city with one of the highest rates of urban sprawl in Peru. This initiative promotes climate change adaptation and mitigation based on urban analysis embodied in a sustainability profile and an action-oriented roadmap with concrete, feasible, and replicable measures and projects. One such measure is a spatial analysis, prioritising small illegal dumpsites for recovery and converting these areas into a public space using digital planning tools. This study analyses the development of the intervention to be implemented against the city´s opportunities and challenges.
{"title":"GIS for Sustainable Urban Transformation in Countries With Emerging Economies","authors":"Trinidad Fernandez, Stella Schroeder","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.319733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.319733","url":null,"abstract":"In South America, the urban population has been growing rapidly over the last century, with a share of more than 80% expected by 2020. This trend has created new challenges for city planning because municipalities must address issues caused by horizontal urban expansion and the informal occupation of peripheral areas. Frequently, the latter are not designed or equipped for the basic needs of new inhabitants. This research is based on the work of MGI, an initiative for smart, sustainable development in Piura, an intermediate city with one of the highest rates of urban sprawl in Peru. This initiative promotes climate change adaptation and mitigation based on urban analysis embodied in a sustainability profile and an action-oriented roadmap with concrete, feasible, and replicable measures and projects. One such measure is a spatial analysis, prioritising small illegal dumpsites for recovery and converting these areas into a public space using digital planning tools. This study analyses the development of the intervention to be implemented against the city´s opportunities and challenges.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45269932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Considering the rapid pace of global urbanization especially in emerging economies of the global South, this article addresses governance approaches for the sustainable development of cities which seek to transform into smart cities. It focuses on leapfrogging as a governance concept for cities thriving towards sustainable development and describes the role of open source digital tools as accelerators for this transition. On such premises, the Toolkit for Open and Sustainable City Planning and Analysis (TOSCA) will be presented as a case study. The paper provides an overview of its conceptualization and implementation in two pilots regions. An overview of the gains and difficulties from the empirical process is discussed, concluding with learnings and challenges for further implementation in other regions, and for the sustainable incorporation of open-source digital tools in urban and regional governance.
{"title":"The TOSCA Case","authors":"M. Moleiro, Arjama Mukherjee, J. R. Noennig","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.319370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.319370","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the rapid pace of global urbanization especially in emerging economies of the global South, this article addresses governance approaches for the sustainable development of cities which seek to transform into smart cities. It focuses on leapfrogging as a governance concept for cities thriving towards sustainable development and describes the role of open source digital tools as accelerators for this transition. On such premises, the Toolkit for Open and Sustainable City Planning and Analysis (TOSCA) will be presented as a case study. The paper provides an overview of its conceptualization and implementation in two pilots regions. An overview of the gains and difficulties from the empirical process is discussed, concluding with learnings and challenges for further implementation in other regions, and for the sustainable incorporation of open-source digital tools in urban and regional governance.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43584026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The opportunities provided by adopting digitally-generated visual tools in urban participatory planning are compelling. These visual tools can promote interactions between authorities and citizens and among citizens. However, the urban participatory practices of these tools are often described from an academic perspective, which leads to a lack of knowledge from the practitioner's outlook. This study investigates practices of 3D visual tools in applied urban projects. The applied projects were recovered from media coverage. The objective is to describe participatory projects and their adopted 3D tools with a contextual and technical lens. The findings demonstrate that 3D visuals are mostly adopted for communication with a realistic representation and limited interaction in the later stage of the project where negotiation margins are insufficient at a small and medium urban scale. A better understanding of applied practices can help to introduce guidelines that support practitioners in designing approaches that benefit from the full potential of 3D visual tools.
{"title":"Media Coverage of 3D Visual Tools Used in Urban Participatory Planning","authors":"T. Chassin, J. Ingensand, F. Joerin","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.318085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.318085","url":null,"abstract":"The opportunities provided by adopting digitally-generated visual tools in urban participatory planning are compelling. These visual tools can promote interactions between authorities and citizens and among citizens. However, the urban participatory practices of these tools are often described from an academic perspective, which leads to a lack of knowledge from the practitioner's outlook. This study investigates practices of 3D visual tools in applied urban projects. The applied projects were recovered from media coverage. The objective is to describe participatory projects and their adopted 3D tools with a contextual and technical lens. The findings demonstrate that 3D visuals are mostly adopted for communication with a realistic representation and limited interaction in the later stage of the project where negotiation margins are insufficient at a small and medium urban scale. A better understanding of applied practices can help to introduce guidelines that support practitioners in designing approaches that benefit from the full potential of 3D visual tools.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43595373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Local perceptions in the definition of cultural landscapes have been on the radar of the scientific community for a long time, but very few studies have focused on integrating this information into heritage and planning practices. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate, with a practical example, how to do so through a Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) application. In this study, a landscape approach and participatory mapping framework were tailored to a case study area in the south of Italy, where an online map-based survey was shared with the public. The survey results illustrate how the application effectively brought to the fore local heritage perceptions as relevant sources for future potential spatial planning strategies.
{"title":"Mapping Local Perceptions for the Planning of Cultural Landscapes","authors":"M. Ducci, R. Janssen, G. Burgers, F. Rotondo","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.317378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.317378","url":null,"abstract":"Local perceptions in the definition of cultural landscapes have been on the radar of the scientific community for a long time, but very few studies have focused on integrating this information into heritage and planning practices. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate, with a practical example, how to do so through a Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) application. In this study, a landscape approach and participatory mapping framework were tailored to a case study area in the south of Italy, where an online map-based survey was shared with the public. The survey results illustrate how the application effectively brought to the fore local heritage perceptions as relevant sources for future potential spatial planning strategies.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41640844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic made visible the need for greater participation of diverse communities in the planning of cities since it revealed exclusions based on gender, migratory status, and class. As a result, initiatives were launched that applied new technologies, digital platforms, and data-based intelligence to bring alternative solutions to the re-use and re-management of public space. The aim of this article is to analyze Her City, a joint effort of UN-Habitat and Global Utmaning, meant to guide urban actors to implement projects through an open and digitally accessible platform that involves girls and young women in urban planning and design. The authors conducted a review of literature and analyzed a case study that included the application of the Toolbox in Chania, Greece, concluding that although Her City can face challenges in the post pandemic scenario, it could be considered among these new, radical, and forward-thinking technologies, groundbreaking from an urban planning point of view that can address large-scale challenges or opportunities in the design of public spaces.
{"title":"Inclusiveness and Participation in the Design of Public Spaces","authors":"Vasiliki Geropanta, Elia Cornelio-Marí","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.309380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.309380","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic made visible the need for greater participation of diverse communities in the planning of cities since it revealed exclusions based on gender, migratory status, and class. As a result, initiatives were launched that applied new technologies, digital platforms, and data-based intelligence to bring alternative solutions to the re-use and re-management of public space. The aim of this article is to analyze Her City, a joint effort of UN-Habitat and Global Utmaning, meant to guide urban actors to implement projects through an open and digitally accessible platform that involves girls and young women in urban planning and design. The authors conducted a review of literature and analyzed a case study that included the application of the Toolbox in Chania, Greece, concluding that although Her City can face challenges in the post pandemic scenario, it could be considered among these new, radical, and forward-thinking technologies, groundbreaking from an urban planning point of view that can address large-scale challenges or opportunities in the design of public spaces.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49017406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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