Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.4018/ijepr.2020040101.oa
Johannes Mueller, Shiho Asada, Ludovica Tomarchio
In this article, the challenges of realising e-participatory projects in urban planning are described. A participatory case study in Singapore serves as the basis for their presented conclusions. The researchers used a map-based e-participation tool to collect design proposals from participants for the planning site. The user feedback for the tool interface and the study campaign's website together with designer expertise on user interfaces (UI) was incorporated into the redesign of the website and interface of the participatory design tool. From there, some general guidelines for conducting engagement studies and for designing participatory design tool interfaces for non-expert users were formulated. One key finding is that the information presented to the non-expert user must be concise, and the UI must be adapted to the user's habits and focus the user's attention towards completing the study.
{"title":"Engaging the Crowd","authors":"Johannes Mueller, Shiho Asada, Ludovica Tomarchio","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.2020040101.oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2020040101.oa","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the challenges of realising e-participatory projects in urban planning are described. A participatory case study in Singapore serves as the basis for their presented conclusions. The researchers used a map-based e-participation tool to collect design proposals from participants for the planning site. The user feedback for the tool interface and the study campaign's website together with designer expertise on user interfaces (UI) was incorporated into the redesign of the website and interface of the participatory design tool. From there, some general guidelines for conducting engagement studies and for designing participatory design tool interfaces for non-expert users were formulated. One key finding is that the information presented to the non-expert user must be concise, and the UI must be adapted to the user's habits and focus the user's attention towards completing the study.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4018/ijepr.2020040101.oa","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49523162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.4018/ijepr.2020040101
A. Staffans, Maarit Kahila-Tani, S. Geertman, P. Sillanpää, L. Horelli
The complexity of the planning context has raised criticism against public participation for being a rigid top-down endeavour which does not recognize the different communicative needs and necessary working modes in the engagement of broad publics and collaborative small groups. Consequently, the problem is how to improve public participation so that it becomes more sensitive to the variety of communicative activities and knowledge needs involved in the design of urban planning processes. The aim of the article is to present and discuss, on the basis of two small case studies in the Finnish context, a revised model for a process-sensitive planning support system (PSS), with examples of several digital tools. The authors argue that besides broad public participation, more collaboration is needed to converge the diverse knowledge of planning in two-way communication and co-working settings which enable the analysis and design of living environments.
{"title":"Communication-Oriented and Process-Sensitive Planning Support","authors":"A. Staffans, Maarit Kahila-Tani, S. Geertman, P. Sillanpää, L. Horelli","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.2020040101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2020040101","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity of the planning context has raised criticism against public participation for being a rigid top-down endeavour which does not recognize the different communicative needs and necessary working modes in the engagement of broad publics and collaborative small groups. Consequently, the problem is how to improve public participation so that it becomes more sensitive to the variety of communicative activities and knowledge needs involved in the design of urban planning processes. The aim of the article is to present and discuss, on the basis of two small case studies in the Finnish context, a revised model for a process-sensitive planning support system (PSS), with examples of several digital tools. The authors argue that besides broad public participation, more collaboration is needed to converge the diverse knowledge of planning in two-way communication and co-working settings which enable the analysis and design of living environments.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4018/ijepr.2020040101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48141330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.4018/ijepr.2020010102
Raul Machado, António Azevedo
This article aims to discuss the determinants of digital active citizenship behaviors such as the e-participation using reporting urban apps. The article makes a comparative analysis between two groups of citizens: a) 98 users of a reporting app (MyHomeCity) who were selected for the case study); and b) 148 non-users of reporting apps. Users of MyHomeCity revealed higher scores for the satisfaction for life in the city, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and perceived happiness, for all place attachment dimensions and all digital citizenship dimensions except for political activism (online and offline) and critical perspective. The probability of being an app user is predicted by satisfaction for living in the city, place identity (attachment), and digital citizenship dimensions. The implications for public decision makers, app developers, and citizens' organizations are discussed.
{"title":"Determinants and Consequences of Citizens' E-Participation","authors":"Raul Machado, António Azevedo","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.2020010102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2020010102","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to discuss the determinants of digital active citizenship behaviors such as the e-participation using reporting urban apps. The article makes a comparative analysis between two groups of citizens: a) 98 users of a reporting app (MyHomeCity) who were selected for the case study); and b) 148 non-users of reporting apps. Users of MyHomeCity revealed higher scores for the satisfaction for life in the city, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and perceived happiness, for all place attachment dimensions and all digital citizenship dimensions except for political activism (online and offline) and critical perspective. The probability of being an app user is predicted by satisfaction for living in the city, place identity (attachment), and digital citizenship dimensions. The implications for public decision makers, app developers, and citizens' organizations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4018/ijepr.2020010102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44510762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.4018/ijepr.2020010103
Xiyuan Ren, De Wang
The high-frequency mobility of a massive population has caused an enormous influence on the urban internal structure, which is unable to be described by traditional data sources. While recent advances in location-based technologies provides new opportunities for researchers to understand daily human movements and the structure as a whole. The article aims to explore human spatial movements and their aggregate distribution in Shanghai using large-scale cell phone data. The trajectory of each individual is extracted from cell phone data after data cleansing. Then, an indicator system which includes mobility intensity, mobility stability, influential range, and temporal variation is developed to describe collective human mobility features in census tracts scale. Finally, spatial elements are extracted using the indicator system and the structure of human mobility in Shanghai is discussed.
{"title":"Research on Collective Human Mobility in Shanghai Based on Cell Phone Data","authors":"Xiyuan Ren, De Wang","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.2020010103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2020010103","url":null,"abstract":"The high-frequency mobility of a massive population has caused an enormous influence on the urban internal structure, which is unable to be described by traditional data sources. While recent advances in location-based technologies provides new opportunities for researchers to understand daily human movements and the structure as a whole. The article aims to explore human spatial movements and their aggregate distribution in Shanghai using large-scale cell phone data. The trajectory of each individual is extracted from cell phone data after data cleansing. Then, an indicator system which includes mobility intensity, mobility stability, influential range, and temporal variation is developed to describe collective human mobility features in census tracts scale. Finally, spatial elements are extracted using the indicator system and the structure of human mobility in Shanghai is discussed.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4018/ijepr.2020010103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47328003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.4018/ijepr.2019100103
G. L'Her, M. Servieres, D. Siret
Based on a case study in Rennes, the article presents how a group of urban public actors re-uses methods and technology from citizen sciences to raise the urban air quality issue in the public debate. The project gives a group of inhabitants the opportunity to follow air quality training and proceed PM2.5µm measurements. The authors question the impact of the ongoing hybridisation between citizen science and urban public action on participants' commitment. The authors present how the use of PM2.5-sensors during 11 weeks led to a disengagement phenomenon, even if the authors observe a strong participation to workshops. These results come from an interdisciplinary methodology using observations, interviews, and data analyses.
{"title":"Citizen as Sensors' Commitment in Urban Public Action","authors":"G. L'Her, M. Servieres, D. Siret","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.2019100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2019100103","url":null,"abstract":"Based on a case study in Rennes, the article presents how a group of urban public actors re-uses methods and technology from citizen sciences to raise the urban air quality issue in the public debate. The project gives a group of inhabitants the opportunity to follow air quality training and proceed PM2.5µm measurements. The authors question the impact of the ongoing hybridisation between citizen science and urban public action on participants' commitment. The authors present how the use of PM2.5-sensors during 11 weeks led to a disengagement phenomenon, even if the authors observe a strong participation to workshops. These results come from an interdisciplinary methodology using observations, interviews, and data analyses.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4018/ijepr.2019100103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47572194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.4018/ijepr.2019100101
A. Mondschein, Zihao Zhang, Mona El Khafif
The authors examine the problem of integrating urban sensing into engaged planning. The authors ask whether enhanced urban data and analysis can enhance resident engagement in planning and design, rather than hinder it, even when current urban planning and design practices are dysfunctional. The authors assess the outcomes of a planning and design effort in Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Community-Centered Urban Sensing is a participatory urban sensing initiative developed by urban planners and designers, architects, landscape architects, and technologists at the University of Virginia to address the need for actionable information on the urban environment through community-engaged urban data collection and analysis. These findings address how technological urbanism moves from data to action, as well as its potential for marginalization. Finally, the authors discuss a conceptualization of smart and engaged planning that accounts for urban dysfunction. The smart cities paradigm should encompass modes and methods that function even when local urban systems are dysfunctional.
{"title":"Community-Centered Urban Sensing","authors":"A. Mondschein, Zihao Zhang, Mona El Khafif","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.2019100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2019100101","url":null,"abstract":"The authors examine the problem of integrating urban sensing into engaged planning. The authors ask whether enhanced urban data and analysis can enhance resident engagement in planning and design, rather than hinder it, even when current urban planning and design practices are dysfunctional. The authors assess the outcomes of a planning and design effort in Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Community-Centered Urban Sensing is a participatory urban sensing initiative developed by urban planners and designers, architects, landscape architects, and technologists at the University of Virginia to address the need for actionable information on the urban environment through community-engaged urban data collection and analysis. These findings address how technological urbanism moves from data to action, as well as its potential for marginalization. Finally, the authors discuss a conceptualization of smart and engaged planning that accounts for urban dysfunction. The smart cities paradigm should encompass modes and methods that function even when local urban systems are dysfunctional.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4018/ijepr.2019100101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43912003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.4018/ijepr.2019100102
M. Panagiotopoulou, M. Kokla, A. Stratigea
Despite the remarkable interest in smart cities, noticed during the last decade, a consistent comprehension of the concept is not yet fully realized. Various definitions, ranging from exclusively technology-oriented perceptions to broader views, have been introduced, establishing a definitional polyphony and causing lack of semantic interoperability. Empirical evidence witnesses the prevalence of technology-pushed smart city initiatives as well as their failure to meet expectations in several urban domains. When planning “smart,” the relevance of ICT and their applications should be in alignment with spatial and other urban peculiarities and sub-systems' interactions, implying the need for getting deep insight into the city's ontology. The paper focuses on the extension/enrichment of an existing smart city ontology, with concepts and relationships stemming from Mediterranean small and medium-sized cities, in an attempt to outline their main key drivers and their interrelationships and fully grasp the smart city concept in the particular spatial context.
{"title":"Conceptualizing Small and Medium-Sized Smart Cities in the Mediterranean Region","authors":"M. Panagiotopoulou, M. Kokla, A. Stratigea","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.2019100102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2019100102","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the remarkable interest in smart cities, noticed during the last decade, a consistent comprehension of the concept is not yet fully realized. Various definitions, ranging from exclusively technology-oriented perceptions to broader views, have been introduced, establishing a definitional polyphony and causing lack of semantic interoperability. Empirical evidence witnesses the prevalence of technology-pushed smart city initiatives as well as their failure to meet expectations in several urban domains. When planning “smart,” the relevance of ICT and their applications should be in alignment with spatial and other urban peculiarities and sub-systems' interactions, implying the need for getting deep insight into the city's ontology. The paper focuses on the extension/enrichment of an existing smart city ontology, with concepts and relationships stemming from Mediterranean small and medium-sized cities, in an attempt to outline their main key drivers and their interrelationships and fully grasp the smart city concept in the particular spatial context.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4018/ijepr.2019100102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41637540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.4018/ijepr.2019100104
Ouahiba Belhocine, Kahina Amal Djiar, Meriem Lagati
The housing sector in Algeria has undergone huge transformations to improve the supply process. One of the major changes that has been operated is related to the introduction of information technology in the practice of controlling the eligibility of applicants for public housing. As a result, the National Housing File has been created, marking hereby a major step towards the development of e-governance in Algeria. Yet, despite this noticeable improvement, the housing supply process remains very complex. This is mainly linked to the multi-sectoral character of the procedure, which requires the involvement of various actors and institutions. The objective of this paper is to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the National Housing File, which has been conceived as a decision support tool to housing supply. The paper examines the process through which data is gathered and evaluation of potential beneficiaries is made. It sheds light on the issues that hinder the right functioning of the National Housing File and delay the development of e-governance in an effective way.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of the National Housing File (FNL) for the Development of E-Governance in the Housing Sector in Algeria","authors":"Ouahiba Belhocine, Kahina Amal Djiar, Meriem Lagati","doi":"10.4018/ijepr.2019100104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2019100104","url":null,"abstract":"The housing sector in Algeria has undergone huge transformations to improve the supply process. One of the major changes that has been operated is related to the introduction of information technology in the practice of controlling the eligibility of applicants for public housing. As a result, the National Housing File has been created, marking hereby a major step towards the development of e-governance in Algeria. Yet, despite this noticeable improvement, the housing supply process remains very complex. This is mainly linked to the multi-sectoral character of the procedure, which requires the involvement of various actors and institutions. The objective of this paper is to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the National Housing File, which has been conceived as a decision support tool to housing supply. The paper examines the process through which data is gathered and evaluation of potential beneficiaries is made. It sheds light on the issues that hinder the right functioning of the National Housing File and delay the development of e-governance in an effective way.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4018/ijepr.2019100104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41868177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJEPR.2019070104
M. Scholl
IT is being increasingly used in most areas of life. With the IoT, this technology is set to be in a state of continuous evolution in urban and regional settings. The ongoing development of digitalization processes also increases the possibilities of abuse—both at the technical and interpersonal level. Better information security (IS) awareness (ISA) and knowledge about the dangers that accompany digitalization and the corresponding protective measures are important in private and work life. However, ISA is often overlooked. Training the relevant awareness and skills should also be included in urban and regional planning for citizens. This article thus provides a review of the scientific literature of leading academic journals in the area of IS and the transfer of scientific knowledge for practical purposes. The article presents Serious Games as a way to achieve a deeper understanding of how to promote sustainable ISA using creative methods. Furthermore, ideas of how to apply the Fun Theory and its practice to integrate awareness into modern urban and regional planning will be discussed.
{"title":"Raising Information Security Awareness in the Field of Urban and Regional Planning","authors":"M. Scholl","doi":"10.4018/IJEPR.2019070104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEPR.2019070104","url":null,"abstract":"IT is being increasingly used in most areas of life. With the IoT, this technology is set to be in a state of continuous evolution in urban and regional settings. The ongoing development of digitalization processes also increases the possibilities of abuse—both at the technical and interpersonal level. Better information security (IS) awareness (ISA) and knowledge about the dangers that accompany digitalization and the corresponding protective measures are important in private and work life. However, ISA is often overlooked. Training the relevant awareness and skills should also be included in urban and regional planning for citizens. This article thus provides a review of the scientific literature of leading academic journals in the area of IS and the transfer of scientific knowledge for practical purposes. The article presents Serious Games as a way to achieve a deeper understanding of how to promote sustainable ISA using creative methods. Furthermore, ideas of how to apply the Fun Theory and its practice to integrate awareness into modern urban and regional planning will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4018/IJEPR.2019070104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46481120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJEPR.2019070102
Elizabeth Henshilwood, M. Swilling, M. L. Naidoo
The over-reliance on private cars carries significant environmental and societal costs. International accords call for low-carbon automobility transitions, particularly in cities. Understanding how, why and where this global dependency could shift is crucial for sustainability, natural resource use, and climate change. This research hones into a geographically isolated and automobile-dependent enclave in Cape Town. Various social actors and residents contributed to a collaborative transdisciplinary inquiry. The qualitative research relied on documentation, semi-structured interviews, and social media research (Facebook) as sources of evidence. The latter method enticed residents to contribute to a solution-driven online debate, thereby aiding e-participation around a pressing urban issue. True to the essence of transdisciplinary design research, science was produced with society. In terms of sustainability transition theory, it stresses the importance of contextually appropriate low-carbon transitions (science) while highlighting community interest in bottom-up solutions (society).
{"title":"A Transdisciplinary Inquiry Into Sustainable Automobility Transitions","authors":"Elizabeth Henshilwood, M. Swilling, M. L. Naidoo","doi":"10.4018/IJEPR.2019070102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEPR.2019070102","url":null,"abstract":"The over-reliance on private cars carries significant environmental and societal costs. International accords call for low-carbon automobility transitions, particularly in cities. Understanding how, why and where this global dependency could shift is crucial for sustainability, natural resource use, and climate change. This research hones into a geographically isolated and automobile-dependent enclave in Cape Town. Various social actors and residents contributed to a collaborative transdisciplinary inquiry. The qualitative research relied on documentation, semi-structured interviews, and social media research (Facebook) as sources of evidence. The latter method enticed residents to contribute to a solution-driven online debate, thereby aiding e-participation around a pressing urban issue. True to the essence of transdisciplinary design research, science was produced with society. In terms of sustainability transition theory, it stresses the importance of contextually appropriate low-carbon transitions (science) while highlighting community interest in bottom-up solutions (society).","PeriodicalId":43769,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of E-Planning Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4018/IJEPR.2019070102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44969328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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