Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2231106
M. Fowler
Abstract In this article I introduce the notion of “borrowing scenery” or jiejing (Jp. shakkei) from Ji Cheng’s 1635 treatise Yuanye (The Craft of Gardens). Shakkei became highly influential in the west through Teiji Itoh’s popular book Space and Illusion in the Japanese Garden (1965). I firstly use an analysis of the 1652 Geppa-rō tea pavilion at Katsura Rikyū as a case study that satisfies Itoh’s model of shakkei. This allows me to propose an ontological foil to Itoh’s model that draws on the Ming-era discourse of Shao Bao (1460–1527), contemporary Chinese scholarship on borrowing as well as David Bohm’s concepts of unfolding and enfolding from his metaphysics of the implicate and explicate orders. I conclude the article with a novel formalisation of what I call an unfolding architecture and enfolding landscape at the Geppa-rō pavilion.
{"title":"Unfolding Architecture, Enfolding Landscape: The Shakkei at Geppa-rō Pavilion","authors":"M. Fowler","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2231106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2231106","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article I introduce the notion of “borrowing scenery” or jiejing (Jp. shakkei) from Ji Cheng’s 1635 treatise Yuanye (The Craft of Gardens). Shakkei became highly influential in the west through Teiji Itoh’s popular book Space and Illusion in the Japanese Garden (1965). I firstly use an analysis of the 1652 Geppa-rō tea pavilion at Katsura Rikyū as a case study that satisfies Itoh’s model of shakkei. This allows me to propose an ontological foil to Itoh’s model that draws on the Ming-era discourse of Shao Bao (1460–1527), contemporary Chinese scholarship on borrowing as well as David Bohm’s concepts of unfolding and enfolding from his metaphysics of the implicate and explicate orders. I conclude the article with a novel formalisation of what I call an unfolding architecture and enfolding landscape at the Geppa-rō pavilion.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47529556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2231563
Mark Sawyer, G. Lindsay, N. Alaily-Mattar
Abstract Big Tech companies are powerful global actors that wield unprecedented influence, including in the realms of governance. How these companies position themselves through media is important to their power. Architecture plays a fundamental role in representations of Big Tech as influential agents, translating symbolic capital between fields, from architecture to Big Tech, and vice versa. Our qualitative content analysis of media of Google’s proposed project for a headquarters in Mountain View, California, shows how the mediatisation of renowned architects and their work helps translate the vast digital and financial power of Google into a palatable physical presence in a relatively small town with local concerns. The mediated architectural project provides a way for Google to step into governance roles while de-emphasising its global power. In this case, media representations of architecture are mobilised to construct a fictional future that a corporate actor presents as desirable locally and aspirational globally.
{"title":"“Google for President”: Power and the Mediated Construction of an Unbuilt Big Tech Headquarters Project","authors":"Mark Sawyer, G. Lindsay, N. Alaily-Mattar","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2231563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2231563","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Big Tech companies are powerful global actors that wield unprecedented influence, including in the realms of governance. How these companies position themselves through media is important to their power. Architecture plays a fundamental role in representations of Big Tech as influential agents, translating symbolic capital between fields, from architecture to Big Tech, and vice versa. Our qualitative content analysis of media of Google’s proposed project for a headquarters in Mountain View, California, shows how the mediatisation of renowned architects and their work helps translate the vast digital and financial power of Google into a palatable physical presence in a relatively small town with local concerns. The mediated architectural project provides a way for Google to step into governance roles while de-emphasising its global power. In this case, media representations of architecture are mobilised to construct a fictional future that a corporate actor presents as desirable locally and aspirational globally.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43707967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-19DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2215535
Nadi Abusaada
Abstract Writings on architecture in the Middle East during the first half of the twentieth century have often focused on the legacies of colonial architects and planners in shaping Middle Eastern cities and built environments. Contrarily, this article focuses on the overlooked history of the first milieu of trained Arab architects in Middle East, focusing on Palestine, Syria, Lebanon and Egypt. Examining unstudied historical materials and archives, it maps out the trajectories of individual architects as well as the architectural profession more generally in this period of rapid change. It is divided into three main sections that highlight this: first, architecture’s transition from the Ottoman guild system to its professionalisation by the turn of the century; second, the mobility of architectural knowledge and expertise in the Arab region following the First World War; finally, the development of a new institutionalised architectural culture that sought to cultivate bonds between Arab architects not only in their individual countries, but also regionally throughout the Arab world towards the mid-twentieth century.
{"title":"The Profession’s Vanguards: Arab Architects and Regional Architectural Exchange, 1900–50","authors":"Nadi Abusaada","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2215535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2215535","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Writings on architecture in the Middle East during the first half of the twentieth century have often focused on the legacies of colonial architects and planners in shaping Middle Eastern cities and built environments. Contrarily, this article focuses on the overlooked history of the first milieu of trained Arab architects in Middle East, focusing on Palestine, Syria, Lebanon and Egypt. Examining unstudied historical materials and archives, it maps out the trajectories of individual architects as well as the architectural profession more generally in this period of rapid change. It is divided into three main sections that highlight this: first, architecture’s transition from the Ottoman guild system to its professionalisation by the turn of the century; second, the mobility of architectural knowledge and expertise in the Arab region following the First World War; finally, the development of a new institutionalised architectural culture that sought to cultivate bonds between Arab architects not only in their individual countries, but also regionally throughout the Arab world towards the mid-twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48117493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2213354
D. Beynon, Freya Su, Van Krisadawat
Abstract How might notions of what is cosmopolitan be geographically reinterpreted through the diverse settlement of recent migrants and refugees in Australia? This article brings this question to bear on Springvale, a suburb in the Australian city of Melbourne, discussing the area’s geographical circulation of people, businesses and products as a means of understanding the interstices between marginalised cultures or traditions and the role of architecture and the built environment in this context. Discussion of these questions involves the description of the physical and spatial environment of Springvale, concentrating on its commercial and industrial centres. In part, this illustrates the marginalisation of certain buildings and uses, but also how the process of establishing new kinds of activity and identity alters the nature of environments. The result is that these perceptually and geographically peripheral zones are paradoxically becoming centres in a diversifying metropolis, affording new nodes of usage and inhabitation that are arguably becoming sites of “local cosmopolitanism.”
{"title":"In from the Periphery: Becoming (G)locally Cosmopolitan in Springvale","authors":"D. Beynon, Freya Su, Van Krisadawat","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2213354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2213354","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract How might notions of what is cosmopolitan be geographically reinterpreted through the diverse settlement of recent migrants and refugees in Australia? This article brings this question to bear on Springvale, a suburb in the Australian city of Melbourne, discussing the area’s geographical circulation of people, businesses and products as a means of understanding the interstices between marginalised cultures or traditions and the role of architecture and the built environment in this context. Discussion of these questions involves the description of the physical and spatial environment of Springvale, concentrating on its commercial and industrial centres. In part, this illustrates the marginalisation of certain buildings and uses, but also how the process of establishing new kinds of activity and identity alters the nature of environments. The result is that these perceptually and geographically peripheral zones are paradoxically becoming centres in a diversifying metropolis, affording new nodes of usage and inhabitation that are arguably becoming sites of “local cosmopolitanism.”","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44850237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2205153
Matthew Mindrup
Abstract During the 1930s, Australian architects began to construct miniature scale models employing an increasing variety of materials to simulate in detail the spatial, visual, and material characteristics of proposed buildings. This replacement of a long dominant use of plain and simple models occurred during the years immediately surrounding the Second World War and coincided with a post-war housing boom. Many of Australian’s earliest encounters with such ultra-realistic models of architecture in miniature occurred through children’s doll houses and building sets that were intended to cultivate ideas about order and taste but also a spatial awareness, and creativity. Using models and home advertisements from years surrounding the Second World War, this paper seeks to explore the affective transition of scale architectural models in design practices from a description of form and mass to an object of consumption.
{"title":"From Doll’s House to Dream House","authors":"Matthew Mindrup","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2205153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2205153","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During the 1930s, Australian architects began to construct miniature scale models employing an increasing variety of materials to simulate in detail the spatial, visual, and material characteristics of proposed buildings. This replacement of a long dominant use of plain and simple models occurred during the years immediately surrounding the Second World War and coincided with a post-war housing boom. Many of Australian’s earliest encounters with such ultra-realistic models of architecture in miniature occurred through children’s doll houses and building sets that were intended to cultivate ideas about order and taste but also a spatial awareness, and creativity. Using models and home advertisements from years surrounding the Second World War, this paper seeks to explore the affective transition of scale architectural models in design practices from a description of form and mass to an object of consumption.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45480958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-26DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2199621
James Lesh
{"title":"Giving Value to Architecture and Heritage","authors":"James Lesh","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2199621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2199621","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48619290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2200061
Franz Anton Cramer
{"title":"Embodied, Built, and Fluid","authors":"Franz Anton Cramer","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2200061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2200061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43481221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2247100
Óskar Örn Arnórsson
Abstract Europe Builds was a mobile exhibition designed by the Visual Information Unit (VIU) of the Economic Cooperation Administration, which administered the Marshall Plan (MP), visiting seventeen cities throughout western Europe in 1950. The US conceived of the MP to shape western European nations into dependable allies. Often seen as a unilateral application of US hegemony, this paper claims that it was an example of multilateral global governance. The VIU’s multinational designers embodied the multilateralism they promoted, and the exhibition they designed combined modern aesthetic with circus pomp to communicate the benefits of European integration. Beyond reading the exhibition’s content, this paper reads the architecture of exhibition, organising it into three tropes: mobility, lightness, and ingenuity, which related to separate aspects of the MP. Beyond representing European integration, the exhibition performed it. Its users absorbed the lessons of the MP and through their participation thus, consenting to be governed.
{"title":"<i>Europe Builds</i>: The Architecture of a Marshall Plan Exhibition as a Performance of Global Governance","authors":"Óskar Örn Arnórsson","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2247100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2247100","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Europe Builds was a mobile exhibition designed by the Visual Information Unit (VIU) of the Economic Cooperation Administration, which administered the Marshall Plan (MP), visiting seventeen cities throughout western Europe in 1950. The US conceived of the MP to shape western European nations into dependable allies. Often seen as a unilateral application of US hegemony, this paper claims that it was an example of multilateral global governance. The VIU’s multinational designers embodied the multilateralism they promoted, and the exhibition they designed combined modern aesthetic with circus pomp to communicate the benefits of European integration. Beyond reading the exhibition’s content, this paper reads the architecture of exhibition, organising it into three tropes: mobility, lightness, and ingenuity, which related to separate aspects of the MP. Beyond representing European integration, the exhibition performed it. Its users absorbed the lessons of the MP and through their participation thus, consenting to be governed.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135799636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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