Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2265205
Aleksandr Bierig
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1 Walter Johnson, Soul by Soul: Life inside the Antebellum Slave Market (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999), 188.2 Revealing the mechanical laws of nature also constituted a claim to authority, one which also aimed to replace the arbitrariness of personal rule and, later, religious decree with the certainty of measured replication. This is a vast topic, but I am thinking here of the helpful summary provided in Margaret C. Jacob and Larry Stewart, Practical Matter: Newton’s Science in the Service of Industry and Empire, 1687–1851 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004). See also: Otto Mayr, Authority, Liberty, and Automatic Machinery in Early Modern Europe (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986); Horst Bredekamp, The Lure of Antiquity and the Cult of the Machine: The Kunstkammer and the Evolution of Nature, Art, and Technology (Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers, 1995). One should remember, in this context, that Bentham’s Panopticon; or, Inspection House (1791) was not a design for a prison, but rather imagined itself as an all-purpose mechanical architecture whose design could also be deployed for asylums, hospitals, workhouses, schools. Any place, in short, where discipline was needed.3 Kiel Moe, “The Equipmental Tradition: Architecture’s Environmental Pedagogies,” in Environmental Histories of Architecture, ed. Kim Förster (Montreal: Canadian Centre for Architecture, 2022), 4.1–4.17. See also: Michael Osman, Modernism’s Visible Hand: Architecture and Regulation in America (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2018), 1–43.4 On the conceptual step change introduced by steam power, see: John Tresch, The Romantic Machine: Utopian Science and Technology after Napoleon (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012); Andreas Malm, Fossil Capital: The Rise of Steam-Power and the Roots of Global Warming (London: Verso, 2016).5 Dolores Greenberg, “Energy, Power, and Perceptions of Social Change in the Early Nineteenth Century,” American Historical Review 95, no. 3 (1990): 693–714.6 Bernhard Siegert, “Doors: On the Materiality of the Symbolic,” trans. John Durham Peters, Grey Room 47 (2012): 6–23.7 Christophe Bonneuil and Jean-Baptiste Fressoz, The Shock of the Anthropocene: The Earth, History and Us, trans. David Fernbach (London: Verso, 2017), 116.8 Peter Collins, Changing Ideals in Modern Architecture, 1750–1950 (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1998), 166.9 Collins, Changing Ideals in Modern Architecture, 166.
{"title":"Our Machinic Inheritance <b> <i>Review of Inhabited Machines: Genealogy of an Architectural Concept</i> </b> , by Moritz Gleich, Basel, Birkhäuser, 2023, 416 pp. ISBN: 9783035623765.","authors":"Aleksandr Bierig","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2265205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2265205","url":null,"abstract":"Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1 Walter Johnson, Soul by Soul: Life inside the Antebellum Slave Market (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999), 188.2 Revealing the mechanical laws of nature also constituted a claim to authority, one which also aimed to replace the arbitrariness of personal rule and, later, religious decree with the certainty of measured replication. This is a vast topic, but I am thinking here of the helpful summary provided in Margaret C. Jacob and Larry Stewart, Practical Matter: Newton’s Science in the Service of Industry and Empire, 1687–1851 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004). See also: Otto Mayr, Authority, Liberty, and Automatic Machinery in Early Modern Europe (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986); Horst Bredekamp, The Lure of Antiquity and the Cult of the Machine: The Kunstkammer and the Evolution of Nature, Art, and Technology (Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers, 1995). One should remember, in this context, that Bentham’s Panopticon; or, Inspection House (1791) was not a design for a prison, but rather imagined itself as an all-purpose mechanical architecture whose design could also be deployed for asylums, hospitals, workhouses, schools. Any place, in short, where discipline was needed.3 Kiel Moe, “The Equipmental Tradition: Architecture’s Environmental Pedagogies,” in Environmental Histories of Architecture, ed. Kim Förster (Montreal: Canadian Centre for Architecture, 2022), 4.1–4.17. See also: Michael Osman, Modernism’s Visible Hand: Architecture and Regulation in America (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2018), 1–43.4 On the conceptual step change introduced by steam power, see: John Tresch, The Romantic Machine: Utopian Science and Technology after Napoleon (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012); Andreas Malm, Fossil Capital: The Rise of Steam-Power and the Roots of Global Warming (London: Verso, 2016).5 Dolores Greenberg, “Energy, Power, and Perceptions of Social Change in the Early Nineteenth Century,” American Historical Review 95, no. 3 (1990): 693–714.6 Bernhard Siegert, “Doors: On the Materiality of the Symbolic,” trans. John Durham Peters, Grey Room 47 (2012): 6–23.7 Christophe Bonneuil and Jean-Baptiste Fressoz, The Shock of the Anthropocene: The Earth, History and Us, trans. David Fernbach (London: Verso, 2017), 116.8 Peter Collins, Changing Ideals in Modern Architecture, 1750–1950 (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1998), 166.9 Collins, Changing Ideals in Modern Architecture, 166.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2261678
Michael Hill
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1 Christine Smith, Architecture in the Culture of Early Humanism. Ethics, Aesthetics, and Eloquence, 1400–1470 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992), 85. Ackerman’s review can be found in Speculum 69, no. 3 (1994): 886–89.
{"title":"Theories of StyleMari Hvattum, <b> <i>Style and Solitude: The History of an Architectural Problem</i> </b> , Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, 2023, 320 pp, ISBN: 9780262545006.","authors":"Michael Hill","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2261678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2261678","url":null,"abstract":"Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1 Christine Smith, Architecture in the Culture of Early Humanism. Ethics, Aesthetics, and Eloquence, 1400–1470 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992), 85. Ackerman’s review can be found in Speculum 69, no. 3 (1994): 886–89.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2250882
Manuel Shvartzberg Carrió
AbstractHow should we do the history of US midcentury modernist architecture—a period marked by intense campaigns of Native American dispossession in the face of organised Indigenous resistance? The spatial development of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians’ ancestral lands in Palm Springs, California, offers an illustrative case study for these intersections; a history of colonial settlement both enabled and constrained as much by canonical architects like Albert Frey and Richard Neutra as by the Agua Caliente’s own highly influential political activism. This history challenges the perfect model of nested state jurisdiction—seamlessly connecting territory and expertise—to show a tangle of jurisdictional relations of various degrees and kinds of opacity, marked and mediated by architecture. This article explores these entanglements as the effects of “jurisdictional technics,” or how architecture organised relations of authority among and between competing regimes of order.Keywords: Indigenous governancedesert modernismsettler colonialismjurisdictionhistoriography Notes1 The author would like to thank participants of the University of California’s “Decolonizing Regionalism” working group for their comments on an early draft of this paper: Can Bilsel, Swati Chattopadhyay, Zirwat Chowdhury, Dana Cuff, Muriam Haleh-Davis, Miloš Jovanović, Nancy Kwak, Ayala Levin, Juliana Maxim, Kelema Lee Moses, Stephan Miescher, Patricia Morton, Albert Narath, Ginger Nolan, Michael Osman, and Keith Pezzoli.2 This is a problematic as old as the discipline itself, but of continued urgency in the field. See for example, Swati Chattopadhyay, “Architectural History or a Geography of Small Spaces?” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 81, no. 1 (2022): 5–20; Anooradha Iyer Siddiqi, “Introduction: Architecture as a Form of Knowledge,” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East 40, no. 3 (2020): 495–506; Kelema Lee Moses, “Indigeneity, Contingency, and Cognitive Shifts,” Ardeth 6 (2020): 121–34; Dell Upton, “Architectural History or Landscape History?” Journal of Architectural Education 44, no. 4 (1991): 195–99.3 Chandra Mukerji, “Jurisdiction, Inscription, and State Formation: Administrative Modernism and Knowledge Regimes,” Theory and Society 40, no. 3 (2011): 223–45.4 Lorraine Daston, “Ancient Rules: Straightedges, Models, and Laws,” in Rules: A Short History of What We Live By (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2022), 23–47.5 Paul C. Rosier, “‘They Are Ancestral Homelands’: Race, Place, and Politics in Cold War Native America, 1945–1961,” Journal of American History 92, no. 4 (2006): 1300–26. On “desert modernism” as a symptomatic architecture of post-war American hegemony, see Alice T. Friedman, American Glamour and the Evolution of Modern Architecture (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010); Lyle Massey, “Troglodyte Modernists,” in The Invention of the American Desert: Art, Land, and the Politics of Environment, e
我们应该如何看待美国中世纪的现代主义建筑史——这一时期的特点是,面对有组织的土著抵抗,美国原住民进行了激烈的剥夺运动?加州棕榈泉卡韦拉印第安人祖先土地的Agua Caliente Band的空间发展为这些交叉路口提供了一个说明性的案例研究;阿尔伯特·弗雷(Albert Frey)和理查德·纽特拉(Richard Neutra)等权威建筑师,以及阿瓜·卡连特(Agua Caliente)自己极具影响力的政治激进主义,使殖民定居的历史得以实现,也受到了限制。这段历史挑战了嵌套的州管辖权的完美模式——无缝连接领土和专业知识——展示了不同程度和各种不透明的管辖权关系的纠缠,以建筑为标志和中介。本文将这些纠缠作为“管辖技术”的影响,或者建筑是如何在竞争的秩序制度之间组织权威关系的。注1作者要感谢加州大学“非殖民化地区主义”工作组的参与者对本文初稿提出的意见。Can Bilsel, Swati Chattopadhyay, Zirwat Chowdhury, Dana Cuff, Muriam Haleh-Davis, milosi jovanoviki, Nancy Kwak, Ayala Levin, Juliana Maxim, Kelema Lee Moses, Stephan micescher, Patricia Morton, Albert Narath, Ginger Nolan, Michael Osman和Keith Pezzoli.2这是一个与学科本身一样古老的问题,但在该领域仍然很紧迫。例如,斯瓦蒂·查托帕德哈伊,“建筑史还是小空间的地理学?”《建筑历史学会学报》第81期,第2期。1 (2022): 5-20;anoradha Iyer Siddiqi,《导论:建筑作为一种知识形式》,《南亚、非洲和中东的比较研究》,第40期。3 (2020): 495-506;克莱玛·李·摩西,“先天、偶然性和认知转变”,《社会科学》6 (2020):121-34;戴尔·厄普顿,《建筑史还是景观史?》建筑教育学报,第44期。钱德拉·穆克吉,“管辖权、铭文和国家形成:行政现代主义和知识体制”,《理论与社会》,1991年第4期。3(2011): 223-45.4洛林·达斯顿,《古老的规则:直道、模型和法律》,载于《规则:我们生活的简史》(普林斯顿,新泽西州:普林斯顿大学出版社,2022),23-47.5保罗·c·罗西尔,《‘他们是祖传的家园’:1945-1961年冷战时期美洲原住民的种族、地方和政治》,《美国历史杂志》第92期,第4期。4(2006): 1300-26。关于“沙漠现代主义”作为战后美国霸权的典型建筑,见Alice T. Friedman,《美国魅力与现代建筑的演变》(纽黑文,康涅狄格州:耶鲁大学出版社,2010);莱尔·梅西,“现代主义Troglodyte”,载于《美国沙漠的发明:艺术、土地和环境政治》,莱尔·梅西和詹姆斯·尼斯贝特编辑(加州奥克兰:加州大学出版社,2021年),第79-99.6页。约瑟夫·罗莎,阿尔伯特·弗雷,建筑师(纽约:里佐利国际出版社,1990年);6 . Thomas S. Hines,太阳建筑:洛杉矶现代主义,1900-1970(纽约:Rizzoli出版社,2010)Zeynep Çelik亚历山大,“介绍:建筑和技术,”在设计技术:建筑实践的考古学,编。Zeynep Çelik亚历山大和约翰·梅(明尼阿波利斯:明尼苏达大学出版社,2020),17。8 Çelik亚历山大,“介绍,”十六。9 Çelik亚历山大,“介绍,”九。10 Çelik亚历山大在解释约翰·哈伍德关于物流的文章时,在隐喻的意义上使用了“管辖权”:“哈伍德想象了另一种概念化建筑认识论管辖权的可能性,通过阅读这些看似平凡的细节,如曼哈顿中央车站的第三条铁路。Çelik亚历山大,“介绍,”xvii.11现代主义周,“关于我们”,https://modernismweek.com/pages/about-us。关于棕榈泉和好莱坞的联系,见劳伦斯·卡尔弗,《休闲的前沿:南加州和现代美国的塑造》(纽约:牛津大学出版社,2010)朱利叶斯·舒尔曼:《现代沙漠》导演。迈克尔·斯特恩(加州棕榈泉:棕榈泉艺术博物馆,2008);丹·查夫金,《看不见的中世纪沙漠现代》(莱顿,UT:吉布斯史密斯,2016)值得一提的是,Elizabeth A. T. Smith的Case Study Houses(科隆:Taschen出版社,2016)专著是撰写本文时亚马逊美国“建筑史”书单上最畅销的作品。关于舒尔曼的建筑意义,见弗里德曼,《美国魅力》;Simon Niedenthal,“‘迷人的房子’:中性、摄影和考夫曼住宅”,《建筑教育杂志》,第47期。2(1993): 101-12。 为了不与现代主义对普遍性的主张相混淆,我使用术语“普遍化”来描述用于扩展设计和施工的工具,例如标准化,预制,以及管理设计和施工工作分工的协议和操作。有关殖民和反殖民背景下的普遍性的有用讨论,请参阅Max Liboiron,污染是殖民主义(北卡罗来纳州达勒姆:杜克大学出版社,2021),152-56。有了这个用法,我也建立在Michael Osman关于建筑通用性的见解上:“指定:文书劳动的通用性”,见Design Technics, 129-58。参见Jessica Garcia Fritz对Osman关于非殖民化材料历史的论述的动员:“作为殖民Oceti Sakowin土地的工具的规范”,《建筑文化历史》1 (2021):256-61.15 Manuel Shvartzberg Carrió,“设计‘后工业社会’:1876-1977年加州棕榈泉的定居者殖民主义和现代建筑”(博士论文)。哥伦比亚大学,2019)。在此之前,阿瓜·卡连特已经成功地穿越了西班牙和墨西哥的殖民地。例如,参见弗朗西斯科·帕坦西奥,《棕榈泉印第安人的故事和传说》(加州棕榈泉:棕榈泉沙漠博物馆,1943年)参见Ryan M. Kray,“通往天堂的道路:棕榈泉的征收,出埃及和排斥”,《太平洋历史评论》第73期。1 (2004): 85-126;Ryan M. Kray,“一流度假胜地的二等公民:棕榈泉的种族和公共政策”(博士论文)。,加州大学欧文分校,2009).17Shiri Pasternak, <管辖权与移民殖民主义:法律在哪里相遇? >《加拿大法律与社会杂志》第29期。2 (2014): 145 - 61,152;Shiri Pasternak,《脚踏实地的权威:巴里埃湖的阿尔冈昆人反对国家》(明尼阿波利斯:明尼苏达大学出版社,2017)。另见丽莎·福特和蒂姆·罗斯主编。《原住民与移民治理之间》(纽约:劳特利奇出版社,2013);萨利·恩格尔·梅利,《法律多元主义》,《法律与社会评论》22期,第2期。5 (1988): 869-96;Richard T. Ford,“法律的疆域(司法管辖权的历史)”,《密歇根法律评论》第97期。4 (1999): 843-930.18 Shaunnagh Dorsett和Shaun McVeigh, Juris
{"title":"Towards an Architectural Theory of Jurisdictional Technics: Midcentury Modernism on Native American Land","authors":"Manuel Shvartzberg Carrió","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2250882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2250882","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractHow should we do the history of US midcentury modernist architecture—a period marked by intense campaigns of Native American dispossession in the face of organised Indigenous resistance? The spatial development of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians’ ancestral lands in Palm Springs, California, offers an illustrative case study for these intersections; a history of colonial settlement both enabled and constrained as much by canonical architects like Albert Frey and Richard Neutra as by the Agua Caliente’s own highly influential political activism. This history challenges the perfect model of nested state jurisdiction—seamlessly connecting territory and expertise—to show a tangle of jurisdictional relations of various degrees and kinds of opacity, marked and mediated by architecture. This article explores these entanglements as the effects of “jurisdictional technics,” or how architecture organised relations of authority among and between competing regimes of order.Keywords: Indigenous governancedesert modernismsettler colonialismjurisdictionhistoriography Notes1 The author would like to thank participants of the University of California’s “Decolonizing Regionalism” working group for their comments on an early draft of this paper: Can Bilsel, Swati Chattopadhyay, Zirwat Chowdhury, Dana Cuff, Muriam Haleh-Davis, Miloš Jovanović, Nancy Kwak, Ayala Levin, Juliana Maxim, Kelema Lee Moses, Stephan Miescher, Patricia Morton, Albert Narath, Ginger Nolan, Michael Osman, and Keith Pezzoli.2 This is a problematic as old as the discipline itself, but of continued urgency in the field. See for example, Swati Chattopadhyay, “Architectural History or a Geography of Small Spaces?” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 81, no. 1 (2022): 5–20; Anooradha Iyer Siddiqi, “Introduction: Architecture as a Form of Knowledge,” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East 40, no. 3 (2020): 495–506; Kelema Lee Moses, “Indigeneity, Contingency, and Cognitive Shifts,” Ardeth 6 (2020): 121–34; Dell Upton, “Architectural History or Landscape History?” Journal of Architectural Education 44, no. 4 (1991): 195–99.3 Chandra Mukerji, “Jurisdiction, Inscription, and State Formation: Administrative Modernism and Knowledge Regimes,” Theory and Society 40, no. 3 (2011): 223–45.4 Lorraine Daston, “Ancient Rules: Straightedges, Models, and Laws,” in Rules: A Short History of What We Live By (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2022), 23–47.5 Paul C. Rosier, “‘They Are Ancestral Homelands’: Race, Place, and Politics in Cold War Native America, 1945–1961,” Journal of American History 92, no. 4 (2006): 1300–26. On “desert modernism” as a symptomatic architecture of post-war American hegemony, see Alice T. Friedman, American Glamour and the Evolution of Modern Architecture (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010); Lyle Massey, “Troglodyte Modernists,” in The Invention of the American Desert: Art, Land, and the Politics of Environment, e","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135146310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2244607
Dalal Musaed Alsayer, Ricardo Camacho
Abstract Kuwait’s post-oil modernisation is often attributed to a sequence of masterplans designed by British architects and planners. Throughout the recent history of Kuwait’s urban development, these plans foreshadowed policies mediated by local actors and an ambitious public infrastructure building conceived by a new Arab muhandis (architect-engineer). This paper seeks to illuminate a specific period in Kuwait’s architectural and urban history that was facilitated by Arab actors hired in the 1960s in different capacities, and the emergence of the Arab architectural firm in the 1970s. By taking on the role of “expert,” refining what it means to be a muhandis, and by looking at more regional references, these local actors were able to experiment, attempting to develop a distinctly Arab architectural and urban modernism situated in a global modernist movement. This paper offers an expanded reading of the making of Kuwait’s architectural and urban production beyond the polarisation between imported masterplans and locally produced building knowledge and the role played by muhandis in such development.
{"title":"Building a Dream: Pan Arab Modernism in Kuwait in the 1960s","authors":"Dalal Musaed Alsayer, Ricardo Camacho","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2244607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2244607","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Kuwait’s post-oil modernisation is often attributed to a sequence of masterplans designed by British architects and planners. Throughout the recent history of Kuwait’s urban development, these plans foreshadowed policies mediated by local actors and an ambitious public infrastructure building conceived by a new Arab muhandis (architect-engineer). This paper seeks to illuminate a specific period in Kuwait’s architectural and urban history that was facilitated by Arab actors hired in the 1960s in different capacities, and the emergence of the Arab architectural firm in the 1970s. By taking on the role of “expert,” refining what it means to be a muhandis, and by looking at more regional references, these local actors were able to experiment, attempting to develop a distinctly Arab architectural and urban modernism situated in a global modernist movement. This paper offers an expanded reading of the making of Kuwait’s architectural and urban production beyond the polarisation between imported masterplans and locally produced building knowledge and the role played by muhandis in such development.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48922457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2244610
A. Franchini
Abstract This is a first attempt to unpack the concept of participation as developed by one of its most passionate and authoritative advocates: Giancarlo De Carlo. The narrative hinges on the analysis of a number of texts produced by the architect, spanning his entire career, in which this topic takes a prominent position. This analysis reads also the experiences in which the architect adopted this instrument to understand the friction of his ambitious intentions within social and political contexts of Italian architectural practice, which changed profoundly from the post-war period to the 1980s. This paper will argue that it is precisely in this changing context that De Carlo refines and expands his idea of “participation” both conceptually and operationally. His experiences and their contexts are explored through unpublished archival materials, professional magazines, contemporaneous coverage and debate published in newspapers, and the scholarship realised on this theme to date.
{"title":"Giancarlo De Carlo: Participation Depends","authors":"A. Franchini","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2244610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2244610","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This is a first attempt to unpack the concept of participation as developed by one of its most passionate and authoritative advocates: Giancarlo De Carlo. The narrative hinges on the analysis of a number of texts produced by the architect, spanning his entire career, in which this topic takes a prominent position. This analysis reads also the experiences in which the architect adopted this instrument to understand the friction of his ambitious intentions within social and political contexts of Italian architectural practice, which changed profoundly from the post-war period to the 1980s. This paper will argue that it is precisely in this changing context that De Carlo refines and expands his idea of “participation” both conceptually and operationally. His experiences and their contexts are explored through unpublished archival materials, professional magazines, contemporaneous coverage and debate published in newspapers, and the scholarship realised on this theme to date.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48806772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2241578
J. Honsa
Abstract Architecture is always embedded within a set of economic preconditions that determine value. Yet economics is in itself malleable—it is debated, rather than calculated. This article explores the subjective nature of economy by investigating how architects have historically engaged with the question of “economies of scale” as it has applied to housing sites. While the theory purports that scale—in this case the scale of land for housing—affects economic performance, these effects are mediated by culturally constructed judgements about what is valuable. The article focuses on architectural writings that have advocated for changing the scale at which housing is conceptualised and delivered. It identifies four economic paradigms, historic eras in which emerging economic theories influenced housing: eighteenth-century land “engrossment” and idealised cottage design; nineteenth and twentieth-century industrial expansion and garden cities; Fordism and rationalised land development; and late-twentieth-century liberalism and the atomisation of housing estates. Architecture does not simply follow the dictates of political economy, it rather contributes to it.
{"title":"Economies of Scale: Paradigms of a Theory in Housing Sites","authors":"J. Honsa","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2241578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2241578","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Architecture is always embedded within a set of economic preconditions that determine value. Yet economics is in itself malleable—it is debated, rather than calculated. This article explores the subjective nature of economy by investigating how architects have historically engaged with the question of “economies of scale” as it has applied to housing sites. While the theory purports that scale—in this case the scale of land for housing—affects economic performance, these effects are mediated by culturally constructed judgements about what is valuable. The article focuses on architectural writings that have advocated for changing the scale at which housing is conceptualised and delivered. It identifies four economic paradigms, historic eras in which emerging economic theories influenced housing: eighteenth-century land “engrossment” and idealised cottage design; nineteenth and twentieth-century industrial expansion and garden cities; Fordism and rationalised land development; and late-twentieth-century liberalism and the atomisation of housing estates. Architecture does not simply follow the dictates of political economy, it rather contributes to it.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43988499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2240445
Kenny Cupers, C. Roskam, Girma Hundessa
Few architectural sites seem as symbolic of the system of political rule whose official seat they accommodate as the African Union Conference Center and Office Complex (AUCC) in Addis Ababa. Funded, designed, and built by Chinese agencies, the complex sits at the center of a shifting set of international relations that also thread through the organisation ’ s longer architectural history. In analysing the project, this article explains processes of material, spatial, and administrative organisation at its core: an array of design and construction practices, building-related technologies, and forms of post-delivery management and maintenance that we argue amount to a mode of technical governance. Understanding this architectural form of governance requires a closer study of the design, construction, and post-occupancy of the AUCC as well as the adjacent German-designed Peace and Security Council building. It also necessitates situating these within a longer history of architectural contributions to the shifting nature of Pan-African governance in Addis Ababa over time.
{"title":"Architecture as Technical Governance at the African Union","authors":"Kenny Cupers, C. Roskam, Girma Hundessa","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2240445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2240445","url":null,"abstract":"Few architectural sites seem as symbolic of the system of political rule whose official seat they accommodate as the African Union Conference Center and Office Complex (AUCC) in Addis Ababa. Funded, designed, and built by Chinese agencies, the complex sits at the center of a shifting set of international relations that also thread through the organisation ’ s longer architectural history. In analysing the project, this article explains processes of material, spatial, and administrative organisation at its core: an array of design and construction practices, building-related technologies, and forms of post-delivery management and maintenance that we argue amount to a mode of technical governance. Understanding this architectural form of governance requires a closer study of the design, construction, and post-occupancy of the AUCC as well as the adjacent German-designed Peace and Security Council building. It also necessitates situating these within a longer history of architectural contributions to the shifting nature of Pan-African governance in Addis Ababa over time.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49028164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-09DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2228940
C. Nuijsink, Annamaria Bonzanigo
Abstract This paper analyses the disaster relief operation that was set in motion immediately after the 1976 Guatemala earthquake through the activities of the Guatemalan Red Cross Society. Already in the emergency phase, “Guatecruz” built field offices in the disaster region to manage both the relief efforts as well as to set up forty-three tent cities. By taking a seat in the disaster zone, as opposed to coordinating from a distant headquarters, Guatecruz became the main governing body in a large network of different national and international state and non-state actors. This paper sets out to elucidate the non-governmental logic behind the making, financing, building, and operation of Guatecruz’s field offices and introduce it as an early example of contracting out services that were previously controlled by the government to non-governmental organisations. Untangling a large-scale humanitarian crisis from these field offices, this paper introduces a specific institutional history that uses decentralisation as a method to plan, develop, and build an “architecture of global governance.”
{"title":"Humanitarian Aid as Global Governance: The Architecture of the Red Cross’s Relief Operations after the 1976 Guatemala Earthquake","authors":"C. Nuijsink, Annamaria Bonzanigo","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2228940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2228940","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper analyses the disaster relief operation that was set in motion immediately after the 1976 Guatemala earthquake through the activities of the Guatemalan Red Cross Society. Already in the emergency phase, “Guatecruz” built field offices in the disaster region to manage both the relief efforts as well as to set up forty-three tent cities. By taking a seat in the disaster zone, as opposed to coordinating from a distant headquarters, Guatecruz became the main governing body in a large network of different national and international state and non-state actors. This paper sets out to elucidate the non-governmental logic behind the making, financing, building, and operation of Guatecruz’s field offices and introduce it as an early example of contracting out services that were previously controlled by the government to non-governmental organisations. Untangling a large-scale humanitarian crisis from these field offices, this paper introduces a specific institutional history that uses decentralisation as a method to plan, develop, and build an “architecture of global governance.”","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41437050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2234710
Stathis G. Yeros
{"title":"What is Queer about Queer Architecture?","authors":"Stathis G. Yeros","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2234710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2234710","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48087044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.1080/13264826.2023.2231574
Daniel R. Quiroga Villamarín
Abstract International law “moved to institutions” in the early twentieth century. While recent literature has explored the intellectual trajectories of these international organisations, most accounts divorce their analysis from the seemingly banal histories of the “buildings, staffs, and letterheads.” Conversely, I put the spatiality of the Centre William Rappard at the forefront of the history of interwar internationalism—and its echoes throughout the century. Erected in 1926 to serve the International Labour Organisation, this building was repurposed to host the World Trade Organisation in 1975. In this article, I reconstruct how struggles over claims of the (in)dignity of international order can be explored through disputes related to the political economy, material culture, and architecture of this infrastructure of global governance.
{"title":"“Suitable Palaces”: Navigating Layers of World Ordering at the Centre William Rappard (1923–2013)","authors":"Daniel R. Quiroga Villamarín","doi":"10.1080/13264826.2023.2231574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2023.2231574","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract International law “moved to institutions” in the early twentieth century. While recent literature has explored the intellectual trajectories of these international organisations, most accounts divorce their analysis from the seemingly banal histories of the “buildings, staffs, and letterheads.” Conversely, I put the spatiality of the Centre William Rappard at the forefront of the history of interwar internationalism—and its echoes throughout the century. Erected in 1926 to serve the International Labour Organisation, this building was repurposed to host the World Trade Organisation in 1975. In this article, I reconstruct how struggles over claims of the (in)dignity of international order can be explored through disputes related to the political economy, material culture, and architecture of this infrastructure of global governance.","PeriodicalId":43786,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Theory Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42847536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}