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From the infraordinary to the extraordinary: Georges Perec and domesticity 从平凡到非凡:乔治·佩雷克与家庭生活
IF 0.1 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1359135522000471
Graham Livesey
The design of domestic environments is fraught with decision-making, a process often dictated by fashion. The resulting inhabitation of domestic spaces blends the routine and the banal, with occasional forays into the extraordinary. The spaces of the domesticity range from single rooms to elaborate palaces. These can be functionally prescribed or open-ended, they support furniture, décor, behaviours, and narratives. The writer Georges Perec (1936–82) provides a way of looking at the domestic realm and ordinary life through his many inter-related writings on the subject. In his quest for an ‘anthropology of everyday life’, he explored notions of the ‘ordinary’ and ‘infraordinary’. In this text two important works by Perec are examined to explore how he framed and questioned notions of domesticity; can this reading be construed as a theory of domesticity? Perec’s text Species of Spaces describes a spatial continuity between city and dwelling that is characterised by spatial types, thresholds/boundaries, objects, and everyday practices often of an autobiographical nature. He begins with the page, ascends through the apartment building and the city, and ends with the world in a sequence of embedded spatial conditions. A close read of Species of Spaces uncovers a kind of sociological work, a critique or manifesto, and an evolution from Perec’s previous writings. In the text he asks the most fundamental questions, such as ‘What does it mean, to live in a room?’ In his monumental text Life A User’s Manual, Perec examines the lives of residents in a typical Parisian apartment building, it remains one of the most significant imaginings of how a building, or work of architecture, can be occupied. Through the vast scope of Perec’s project the book captures the intertwining lives of the occupants of the building at 11 Rue Simon-Crubellier, in Paris’s 17th arrondissement, at precisely 8:00 pm on 23 June 1975. To accomplish this Perec devised forty-two ‘preprogrammed’ factors to structure each of the ninety-nine chapters to ensure that he covered plot, actors, and setting in a systematic way. The apartment building ultimately provides an armature for the study of the very small to the very large. Life A User’s Manual describes a domestic world, how we organise our residences into compartments of space, how we furnish the rooms, how our stories create our realities, and how the lives of people in an ordinary apartment building intertwine in so many ways. Although frozen in a moment, the novel captures the vagaries and complexities of the everyday. It describes the routines of living, unexpected happenings, the connections between people living together at close quarters, the role of interiors in defining a particular period, the histories that can support and damage a life, the common aspirations and tragedies of urban dwellers, and so on. Perec's work does not constitute an actual theory of domesticity, although it precisely describes a domestic order that pro
家居环境的设计充满了决策,这一过程往往由时尚主导。由此产生的家庭空间居住融合了常规和平庸,偶尔也会进入非凡的领域。家庭生活的空间从单间到精致的宫殿都有。这些可以是功能性规定的,也可以是开放式的,它们支持家具、数据交换、行为和叙述。作家乔治·佩雷克(georgeperec, 1936-82)通过他关于这个主题的许多相互关联的作品,提供了一种看待家庭领域和日常生活的方式。在他对“日常生活人类学”的追求中,他探索了“平凡”和“不平凡”的概念。本文考察了佩莱克的两部重要作品,以探讨他如何构建和质疑家庭生活的概念;这种解读能被理解为一种家庭生活理论吗?Perec的文本《空间物种》(Species of Spaces)描述了城市和住宅之间的空间连续性,其特征是空间类型、门槛/边界、物体和通常具有自传性质的日常实践。他从页面开始,上升穿过公寓大楼和城市,并在一系列嵌入的空间条件中以世界结束。仔细阅读《空间物种》,你会发现它是一种社会学作品,是一种批判或宣言,是佩雷克之前作品的演变。在文章中,他提出了一些最基本的问题,比如“住在一个房间里意味着什么?”在他的巨著《生活用户手册》中,Perec考察了典型的巴黎公寓楼里居民的生活,它仍然是关于如何使用建筑物或建筑作品的最重要的想象之一。通过Perec项目的广泛范围,这本书捕捉到了1975年6月23日晚上8点整,巴黎17区Simon-Crubellier街11号大楼里的居住者相互交织的生活。为了实现这一目标,佩雷克设计了42个“预先编程”的因素来构建99章中的每一章,以确保他以系统的方式涵盖了情节、演员和背景。公寓大楼最终为从很小到很大的研究提供了一个框架。《生活用户手册》描述了一个家庭世界,我们如何将我们的住宅组织成空间隔间,我们如何布置房间,我们的故事如何创造我们的现实,以及一栋普通公寓大楼里人们的生活如何以多种方式相互交织。小说虽然停留在一个瞬间,但却捕捉到了日常生活的变幻莫测和复杂性。它描述了日常生活、意外事件、近距离居住在一起的人们之间的联系、室内设计在定义特定时期中的作用、可以支持和破坏生活的历史、城市居民的共同愿望和悲剧等等。Perec的工作并没有构成一个实际的家庭生活理论,尽管它精确地描述了一种家庭秩序,通过关注环境的次要和主要方面来提供一种地方感。
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引用次数: 0
English architecture in 1963: a newly rediscovered view from Germany 1963年的英国建筑:从德国重新发现的观点
IF 0.1 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1359135522000252
Anthony Ossa-Richardson
This article provides an English translation of an unpublished German typescript found in the archive of the architect Julius Posener in the Akademie der Kunst, Berlin. Posener, a professor of architectural history at the Hochschule für Bildende Künste (HBK), travelled with a colleague and fifteen students to England for a fortnight in March 1963. They met several prominent architects, saw a wide selection of their current and recently completed works, and attended events at the Architectural Association school. The typescript is an account of the trip that he wrote up from notes in his diary on 29 March, two days after their return. Posener, who had previously spent almost a decade teaching architecture in London, proves to have been a sympathetic observer of the scene, eager to compare and contrast what he saw in England with contemporary work in Germany; his account evokes subtle disagreements between himself and his colleague on conceptual and historical points, and gives us an insight into the day-to-day workings of Denys Lasdun’s office, the Architectural Association, the London County Council, and the Building Research Station in Garston.
本文提供了一份未发表的德语打字稿的英文翻译,该打字稿是在柏林艺术学院建筑师朱利叶斯·波塞纳的档案中发现的。Posener是德国比尔登德大学 (HBK)的建筑史教授,1963年3月,他与一位同事和15名学生一起去英国旅行了两周。他们会见了几位杰出的建筑师,看到了他们当前和最近完成的大量作品,并参加了建筑协会学校的活动。这份打字稿是他在3月29日,也就是他们回来两天后,根据日记中的笔记写下来的。Posener之前在伦敦教了近十年的建筑,他被证明是一个富有同情心的观察者,渴望将他在英国看到的与德国的当代作品进行比较和对比;他的描述唤起了他和他的同事在概念和历史观点上的微妙分歧,并让我们深入了解了丹尼斯·拉斯顿办公室、建筑协会、伦敦郡议会和加斯顿建筑研究站的日常工作。
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引用次数: 0
Representations of power in architecture 权力在建筑中的表现
IF 0.1 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1359135522000422
opening article, Mohamed Gamal Abdelmonem examines recent architecture and urban design in Belfast city centre, produced out of that city’s distinctive political troubles, divisions and power relations (pp. 130–152). ‘Inscribed by memories of conflict and violence’, he shows, ‘ground floor façades are mainly solid, disengaging and do not encourage fluid movement.’ The design of new buildings and public spaces in central Belfast ‘characterise attributes of a reciprocal reproduction of memories of fear’ – both resulting from the political situation and reproducing its effects. Meanwhile, writing about the Chinese Pavilion at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition, built shortly after China’s Boxer Rebellion, Yinrui Xie shows how the choice of certain royal and vernacular motifs, and by extension the omission of others, ‘reflected the Chinese government’s early self-vision of its global image in an age of political turmoil’ (pp. 153–168). Presenting a particular ‘architectural “Chinese-ness” in the early twentieth century’, the design illustrates the characterisation of political power in articulating and producing architectural form. In contrast, Michael Asgaard Andersen and Mette Boisen Lyhne study the empowerment of inhabitants in design processes, examining how bofællesskaber – or cohousing – in Denmark results from power relations at work in procurement processes (pp. 197–208). Since the 1970s, they show, the commissioning of such developments has become increasingly top-down. The authors argue for a return to ‘co-creation in cohousing’ to ‘contribute to a more diverse and affordable development of mainstream housing and neighbourhoods’. Testing the analytical potential of creative architectural representation, Esen Gökçe Özdamar reviews the use of a zoetrope to read İstiklal Street in İstanbul – a thoroughfare associated with state power, political action, and its suppression – in forming the identity and collective memory of the city (pp. 169–183). The mechanical device ‘was used not to direct the viewer’s gaze, but rather as an inhabitable space that [participants] could enter’. Frank Lyons, however, is concerned with how designers exert power, through architecture and urban design, over the everyday lives of inhabitants (pp. 185–196). ‘In constructing urban environments’, he argues, ‘we seem to have forgotten that form has power; that poor form makes us feel poor; ill-conceived form makes us feel ill.’ Indeed, Lyons suggests, the ‘misuse of the “silent” power of form is perhaps one of the greatest threats to our cities and to city life’. This is an issue so subtle, he suggests, that it ‘goes unnoticed by most’.
开篇文章,Mohamed Gamal Abdelmonem考察了贝尔法斯特市中心最近的建筑和城市设计,这些建筑和城市设计产生于该城市独特的政治麻烦、分裂和权力关系(第130-152页)。“铭刻着冲突和暴力的记忆,”他表示,“底层的墙主要是坚固的,脱离的,不鼓励流动的运动。”贝尔法斯特市中心的新建筑和公共空间的设计“体现了恐惧记忆的相互复制”——既源于政治局势,也再现了政治局势的影响。与此同时,谢寅瑞在描写义和团运动后不久修建的1904年路易斯安那购地博览会上的中国馆时,展示了对某些皇家和本土图案的选择,以及对其他图案的省略,如何“反映了中国政府在政治动荡时期对其全球形象的早期自我构想”(第153-168页)。该设计呈现出一种“20世纪早期建筑的中国特色”,说明了政治权力在表达和产生建筑形式方面的特征。相反,Michael Asgaard Andersen和Mette Boisen Lyhne研究了居民在设计过程中的授权,研究了丹麦的bofællesskaber(或cohousing)是如何从采购过程中的权力关系中产生的(第197-208页)。他们表示,自上世纪70年代以来,此类开发项目的委托越来越自上而下。作者主张回归“共同创造共同住房”,以“为主流住房和社区的更多样化和可负担得起的发展做出贡献”。为了测试创造性建筑表现的分析潜力,Esen Gökçe Özdamar回顾了使用西西镜来阅读İstanbul中的İstiklal街道-一条与国家权力,政治行动及其压制相关的通道-形成城市的身份和集体记忆(第169-183页)。这个机械装置“不是用来引导观众的视线,而是作为一个可居住的空间,参与者可以进入”。然而,Frank Lyons关注的是设计师如何通过建筑和城市设计对居民的日常生活施加权力(第185-196页)。“在构建城市环境的过程中,”他认为,“我们似乎已经忘记了形式具有力量;那可怜的形体使我们感到可怜;构思拙劣的形式使我们感到不舒服。事实上,里昂认为,“对‘沉默’形式力量的滥用可能是对我们的城市和城市生活的最大威胁之一”。他认为,这是一个非常微妙的问题,以至于“大多数人都没有注意到”。
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引用次数: 0
Re-reading İstiklal Street using an optical toy: zoetrope montage 重新阅读İstiklal街使用光学玩具:西洋镜蒙太奇
IF 0.1 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1359135522000239
Esen Gökçe Özdamar
This article examines multi-modal perceptions of İstiklal Street, a public space in İstanbul, using a zoetrope, an optical, scientific, and educational instrument invented in the mid-nineteenth century that was a predecessor to film in early cinema. It discusses how this tool increases the awareness of architectural students to environmental perception through observation. Constructing a black curtained zoetrope with a radius of five metres allowed them to metaphorically inhabit the optical device as it was large enough for their bodies to enter. After experiencing İstiklal Street as flâneur/flâneuse, students aimed to understand its heterogenous and fragmented narrative using the zoetrope. Re-reading the street through a zoetrope enabled a paradoxical interplay between the device and its scale. By interacting with a zoetrope to create different fragmented movements and scales, movement in the urban space was understood as more than a visual perception or transient state of curiosity. Instead, the students comprehended architectural production through filmmaking as ‘a mode of reflection’ rather than as mere representation. The zoetrope became a medium through which the students’ visual, haptic, and kinaesthetic senses were fused together.
本文使用西洋镜(西洋镜是19世纪中期发明的一种光学、科学和教育仪器,是早期电影的前身)来考察İstanbul的公共空间İstiklal Street的多模态感知。它讨论了这个工具如何通过观察提高建筑系学生对环境感知的意识。建造一个半径为5米的黑色窗帘西洋镜,让他们隐喻地居住在光学设备中,因为它足够大,可以让他们的身体进入。在体验了İstiklal Street作为fl / fl neuse之后,学生们的目标是使用西洋镜理解其异质和碎片化的叙事。通过西洋镜重新解读街道,使设备与其规模之间产生矛盾的相互作用。通过与西洋镜的相互作用,创造出不同的碎片运动和尺度,城市空间中的运动被理解为不仅仅是一种视觉感知或短暂的好奇状态。相反,学生们通过电影制作将建筑作品理解为“一种反思模式”,而不仅仅是表现。西洋镜成为一种媒介,通过它,学生的视觉、触觉和动觉融合在一起。
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引用次数: 0
ARQ volume 26 issue 2 Cover and Back matter ARQ第26卷第2期封面和封底
IF 0.1 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1359135522000434
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引用次数: 0
Fear in disguise: defensive architecture and façade permeability in shaping the urban experience of Belfast’s public spaces 伪装的恐惧:防御性建筑和立面渗透性塑造了贝尔法斯特公共空间的城市体验
IF 0.1 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1359135522000392
M. Abdelmonem
This article investigates architectural responses to everyday sociospatial practices in public spaces in the postconflict urban landscape of Belfast, where public buildings and façades impact pedestrian flows and movement patterns in the public space. While the city has an extended history of vibrant public spaces and active urban life throughout the first half of the twentieth century, devastating memories of the so-called Troubles leave imprints of division across the city’s public spaces. Inscribed by memories of conflict and violence, ground floor façades are mainly solid, disengaging, and do not encourage fluid movement across their thresholds. This article argues that the architectural design of public buildings and spaces characterise attributes of a reciprocal reproduction of memories of fear. A comparative analysis of the architecture of four different public spaces in Belfast city centre highlights factors that inform the relationship between the building façades, ease of accessibility, and use of the public space.
本文研究了冲突后贝尔法斯特城市景观中公共空间日常社会空间实践的建筑反应,在公共空间中,公共建筑和街巷影响着行人流量和运动模式。虽然在整个20世纪上半叶,这座城市有着充满活力的公共空间和活跃的城市生活的悠久历史,但所谓的“麻烦”的毁灭性记忆在城市的公共空间中留下了分裂的印记。由于冲突和暴力的记忆,一楼的栅栏主要是坚固的、脱离的,并且不鼓励跨越其门槛的流动。本文认为,公共建筑和空间的建筑设计具有恐惧记忆的相互复制属性。对贝尔法斯特市中心四个不同公共空间的建筑进行了比较分析,强调了建筑立面、可达性和公共空间使用之间关系的因素。
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引用次数: 0
Co-creating Danish cohousing 共同创造丹麦人共同居住
IF 0.1 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S1359135522000355
Michael Asgaard Andersen, Mette Boisen Lyhne
In this article, we explore how different kinds and varying degrees of co-creation have shaped cohousing in Denmark over the past half century. The first part of the article is concerned with how this is related to types of ownership and ways of establishing new communities; the second part to the role of the architect, arguing for more experimental and open processes; and the third part to resident mix and community life, which raises questions of diversity and the unfinished. The article concludes with a discussion of how the accumulated experiences may contribute to strengthening a sense of belonging and community in future cohousing during the processes of both construction and habitation.
在这篇文章中,我们探讨了在过去的半个世纪里,不同种类和不同程度的共同创造是如何塑造丹麦的共同住宅的。文章的第一部分关注的是这与所有权类型和建立新社区的方式之间的关系;第二部分对建筑师的作用,主张更多的实验和开放的过程;第三部分以居民混合和社区生活为例,提出了多样性和未完成性的问题。文章最后讨论了在建设和居住的过程中,积累的经验如何有助于加强未来共同住宅的归属感和社区意识。
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引用次数: 0
ARQ volume 26 issue 2 Cover and Front matter ARQ第26卷第2期封面和封面
IF 0.1 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1359135522000446
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引用次数: 0
Doodles: an exhibition of the drawings of Stirling, Wilford & Associates, 1984–2000 涂鸦:1984-2000年斯特灵,威尔福德和联合公司的绘画展览
IF 0.1 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1359135522000264
Alan Berman
Ticks, crosses and amendments: revealing the design methods of Stirling's office.
勾、叉和修正:揭示斯特林办公室的设计方法。
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引用次数: 0
China on display: the architecture of the Chinese pavilion at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition 展出的中国:1904年路易斯安那购地博览会上的中国馆建筑
IF 0.1 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1359135522000240
Yinrui Xie
After the Boxer Rebellion ended with China’s crushing defeat and the signing of the Boxer Protocol, China participated in the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition as its official debut at world’s fairs. The Chinese pavilion was supposed to represent the country’s national pride and cultural identity, yet ironically, the pavilion materialised the Chinese government’s weak position in its quasi-colonial relationship with the US – both politically and culturally – in terms of the appointment of architects, the design process, and the arrangement of construction. Such power interaction shaped an ambiguous ‘Chinese architecture’ presented at the fair, imitating the Beijing residence of a Chinese Prince while incorporating vernacular architectural elements from south China. It reflected the Chinese government’s early self-vision of its global image in an age of political turmoil and cultural uncertainty, and pioneered the exploration of an architectural ‘Chinese-ness’ in the early twentieth century.
义和团运动以中国的惨败和《义和团议定书》的签订而结束后,中国参加了1904年的路易斯安那购买博览会,这是中国在世界博览会上的首次正式亮相。中国馆本应代表中国的民族自豪感和文化认同,但具有讽刺意味的是,在建筑师的任命、设计过程和施工安排方面,中国馆体现了中国政府在与美国的准殖民关系中的弱势地位——无论是政治上还是文化上。这种权力的互动塑造了博览会上呈现的一种模棱两可的“中国建筑”,它模仿了中国王子在北京的住所,同时融入了中国南方的乡土建筑元素。它反映了中国政府在一个政治动荡和文化不确定的时代对其全球形象的早期自我愿景,并开创了20世纪初建筑“中国性”的探索。
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引用次数: 0
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arq-Architectural Research Quarterly
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