Prodromal schizophrenia presents with a wide variety of psychiatric symptoms including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS). However, this differentiation between a sole diagnosis of OCD and prodromal schizophrenia seems challenging in some settings. We present a sixteen-year-old male with six-months history of recurrent intrusive images and fearfulness, in addition to decreased socialization. He was managed as a case of prodromal schizophrenia and was treated with antipsychotics. His obsessions decreased but he continued to exhibit negative schizophrenia within two years of follow-up. Acknowledging the diversity of prodromal schizophrenia presentations rather than treating symptoms as a cross-sectional diagnosis (especially in high-risk population for psychosis) is crucial for a better management. DISCUSSION: This case illustrates the complexity of the diagnosis of an officially established disorder that is OCD with well-defined criteria and controversial labeling prodromal schizophrenia with several presentations including OCD. The impact of OCD/OCS among prodromal schizophrenia or at-risk people for psychosis was revealed in some studies by having a higher clinical impairment, more depressive symptoms and suicidality. CONCLUSION: Our patient was managed as a case of prodromal schizophrenia rather than solely OCD based on the associated features (aloofness, progressive social and academic decline, slowed psychomotor functions and dysprosody). Positive family history of schizophrenia in addition to praecox feeling further confirmed the patient’s condition. The following two years of the patient’s course revealed the necessity of considering the full detailed presentation of prodromal schizophrenia rather than the spot diagnosis of OCD to benefit from early intervention psychosis services and minimize the clinical deterioration.
{"title":"Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder as a Part of Prodromal Schizophrenia","authors":"W. A. Asiri, Mundher Almaqbali","doi":"10.12816/0047471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047471","url":null,"abstract":"Prodromal schizophrenia presents with a wide variety of psychiatric symptoms including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS). However, this differentiation between a sole diagnosis of OCD and prodromal schizophrenia seems challenging in some settings. We present a sixteen-year-old male with six-months history of recurrent intrusive images and fearfulness, in addition to decreased socialization. He was managed as a case of prodromal schizophrenia and was treated with antipsychotics. His obsessions decreased but he continued to exhibit negative schizophrenia within two years of follow-up. Acknowledging the diversity of prodromal schizophrenia presentations rather than treating symptoms as a cross-sectional diagnosis (especially in high-risk population for psychosis) is crucial for a better management. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000DISCUSSION: This case illustrates the complexity of the diagnosis of an officially established disorder that is OCD with well-defined criteria and controversial labeling prodromal schizophrenia with several presentations including OCD. The impact of OCD/OCS among prodromal schizophrenia or at-risk people for psychosis was revealed in some studies by having a higher clinical impairment, more depressive symptoms and suicidality. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: Our patient was managed as a case of prodromal schizophrenia rather than solely OCD based on the associated features (aloofness, progressive social and academic decline, slowed psychomotor functions and dysprosody). Positive family history of schizophrenia in addition to praecox feeling further confirmed the patient’s condition. The following two years of the patient’s course revealed the necessity of considering the full detailed presentation of prodromal schizophrenia rather than the spot diagnosis of OCD to benefit from early intervention psychosis services and minimize the clinical deterioration.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"40 1","pages":"55-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43071339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
247 The disease is named after the Japanese ophthalmologist Mikito Takayasu, who described the first case in 19081. The highest incidence is found in Japan of 30 cases per million per year2. It is mainly a disease of young females; however, male to female ratio varies around the world2. The disease has a predilection for the aorta, aortic branches, pulmonary and coronary arteries. Patients from Japan and South America are more likely to have thoracic aorta involvement while involvement of the abdominal aorta is more common in other Asian and Middle Eastern patients3.
{"title":"Takayasu Arteritis : The Role of Multimodality Imaging","authors":"W. Ibrahim, H. Abduljawad","doi":"10.12816/0047780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047780","url":null,"abstract":"247 The disease is named after the Japanese ophthalmologist Mikito Takayasu, who described the first case in 19081. The highest incidence is found in Japan of 30 cases per million per year2. It is mainly a disease of young females; however, male to female ratio varies around the world2. The disease has a predilection for the aorta, aortic branches, pulmonary and coronary arteries. Patients from Japan and South America are more likely to have thoracic aorta involvement while involvement of the abdominal aorta is more common in other Asian and Middle Eastern patients3.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"247-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44121904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Result: Ninety-seven employees were included in the study. Vaccination increased to 80 (83%). Periodic women examination increased to 52 (54%). Obesity was reduced to 58 (60%). The average BMI reduced from 28.57 to 26.72. Fruits and vegetables consumption increased to 59 (60.8%). Fast food consumption reduced to 29 (29.8%). Regular exercise was increased to 46 patients. None of the smokers quit smoking. Eighty-seven (89.7%) employees had dental screening and scaling.
{"title":"Workplace Health Initiatives","authors":"Abeer Al Saweer, S. Salehi, Mona Al Tiho","doi":"10.12816/0047770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047770","url":null,"abstract":"Result: Ninety-seven employees were included in the study. Vaccination increased to 80 (83%). Periodic women examination increased to 52 (54%). Obesity was reduced to 58 (60%). The average BMI reduced from 28.57 to 26.72. Fruits and vegetables consumption increased to 59 (60.8%). Fast food consumption reduced to 29 (29.8%). Regular exercise was increased to 46 patients. None of the smokers quit smoking. Eighty-seven (89.7%) employees had dental screening and scaling.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"216-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43667641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Frankland is Britain’s oldest working doctor who still contributes to journals and offers consultations in allergies1,2. Dr. Frankland was a colleague of Sir Alexander Fleming, who discovered the enzyme lysozyme in 1923 and benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G) from the mold Penicillium notatum in 1928, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945. He discovered benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G) at St. Mary’s Hospital laboratory, which was then named after him as the “Fleming Wing”3.
{"title":"Immortality : Is It Possible ?","authors":"J. Al-Bareeq","doi":"10.12816/0047767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047767","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Frankland is Britain’s oldest working doctor who still contributes to journals and offers consultations in allergies1,2. Dr. Frankland was a colleague of Sir Alexander Fleming, who discovered the enzyme lysozyme in 1923 and benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G) from the mold Penicillium notatum in 1928, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945. He discovered benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G) at St. Mary’s Hospital laboratory, which was then named after him as the “Fleming Wing”3.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"197-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46059662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
* Chief Resident ** Resident Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Bahrain Defense Force Hospital The Kingdom of Bahrain E-mail: emanbahaa73@yahoo.com size and echogenicity. No hydronephrosis and no renal calculi were seen; a thick wall of the urinary bladder was seen with no stones. Bulky uterus with homogenous pattern was seen. No uterine masses were found. The endometrial thickness was 11 mm. There was a left sided pelvic cystic lesion with relative thick wall, calcifications and septations likely of adnexal origin and minimal free fluids in the Cul-de-sac.
{"title":"Non-Sexually Transmitted Pyosalpinx in an Adolescent","authors":"E. Bahaa, N. Al-Sayed","doi":"10.12816/0047777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047777","url":null,"abstract":"* Chief Resident ** Resident Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Bahrain Defense Force Hospital The Kingdom of Bahrain E-mail: emanbahaa73@yahoo.com size and echogenicity. No hydronephrosis and no renal calculi were seen; a thick wall of the urinary bladder was seen with no stones. Bulky uterus with homogenous pattern was seen. No uterine masses were found. The endometrial thickness was 11 mm. There was a left sided pelvic cystic lesion with relative thick wall, calcifications and septations likely of adnexal origin and minimal free fluids in the Cul-de-sac.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"238-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49319163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors Influencing the Need for Evacuation of Retained Products of Conception in Missed Miscarriage","authors":"R. Alani, N. Dayoub","doi":"10.12816/0047774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047774","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"232-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44040294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
256 First described by Albrecht in 1904, breast hamartomas are rare and poorly defined tumors made of glandular, adipose and fibrous tissue1,2. Depending on the predominant components of the tissue, these tumors used to be classified as adenolipomas, fibro-adenolipomas or lipofibroadenomas2. The unifying term of breast hamartoma was coined by Arrigoni in 1971, which encompasses the various terms used to describe this lesion1.
{"title":"Breast Hamartomas : A Hidden Diagnosis","authors":"Fahad Alkhalfan, Fatma Alabdulwahid, Noof Alshaibani","doi":"10.12816/0047783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047783","url":null,"abstract":"256 First described by Albrecht in 1904, breast hamartomas are rare and poorly defined tumors made of glandular, adipose and fibrous tissue1,2. Depending on the predominant components of the tissue, these tumors used to be classified as adenolipomas, fibro-adenolipomas or lipofibroadenomas2. The unifying term of breast hamartoma was coined by Arrigoni in 1971, which encompasses the various terms used to describe this lesion1.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"256-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45151795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
225 Doctors and nurses are increasingly exposed to a range of occupational hazards in the workplace. Needle stick injury (NSI) is of increasing concern to employers and health professionals. In the USA it is estimated that 600,000 to 800,000 NSIs occur annually1. The first case of needle stick-transmitted HIV infection was reported in 1984, and this case served as to alert both employers and employees to the risks associated with sharp instrument injury2. The risk of transmission of infection after an occupational percutaneous exposure with a contaminated needle varies according to blood-borne virus, which could be HIV O.3%, HBV 2-40% and HCV 2.7-10%3.
{"title":"Needle Stick Injuries and Compliance among Doctors and Nurses","authors":"Mamoon Matlab, S. Cowman, Ali Al-Shagag","doi":"10.12816/0047772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047772","url":null,"abstract":"225 Doctors and nurses are increasingly exposed to a range of occupational hazards in the workplace. Needle stick injury (NSI) is of increasing concern to employers and health professionals. In the USA it is estimated that 600,000 to 800,000 NSIs occur annually1. The first case of needle stick-transmitted HIV infection was reported in 1984, and this case served as to alert both employers and employees to the risks associated with sharp instrument injury2. The risk of transmission of infection after an occupational percutaneous exposure with a contaminated needle varies according to blood-borne virus, which could be HIV O.3%, HBV 2-40% and HCV 2.7-10%3.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":"39 1","pages":"225-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44918129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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