{"title":"Short Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency","authors":"D. Al-Khalifa, Eman Shajira, S. Al-Khalifa","doi":"10.12816/0047570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41921761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Positive and Negative Rates in Children with Acute Appendicitis","authors":"Hind Zaidan, Fahad Khalfan, H. Ahmed","doi":"10.12816/0047554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047554","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45850251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
86 Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders which encompasses a cluster of symptoms including emotional, somatic and cognitive. The main characteristic of depression is low mood or anhedonia with other symptoms like decreased concentration, decreased appetite, insomnia, fatigue, thoughts of guilt, worthlessness, and hopelessness. To be diagnosed with depression, the above-mentioned symptoms must be present for at least two weeks. It affects 121 million people worldwide. Depression is currently the second cause of disability and the fourth highest contributor to the burden of diseases according to the WHO; it is expected to be the second after cardiovascular diseases by 20201.
{"title":"Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Abnormalities among Patients with Depression","authors":"Mazen Ali, H. Jahrami","doi":"10.12816/0047555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047555","url":null,"abstract":"86 Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders which encompasses a cluster of symptoms including emotional, somatic and cognitive. The main characteristic of depression is low mood or anhedonia with other symptoms like decreased concentration, decreased appetite, insomnia, fatigue, thoughts of guilt, worthlessness, and hopelessness. To be diagnosed with depression, the above-mentioned symptoms must be present for at least two weeks. It affects 121 million people worldwide. Depression is currently the second cause of disability and the fourth highest contributor to the burden of diseases according to the WHO; it is expected to be the second after cardiovascular diseases by 20201.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43882309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Early postoperative mortality was 1 (1%). Late postoperative mortality was 4 (4%); sepsis was the major cause. Early (<1 month postoperatively) shunt failure/occlusion occurred in 6 (6%) patients. Under 14 days of age at the time of shunting and shunt size of 5mm (18% versus 4.6%) were risk factors for early shunt occlusion/failure. Eight (8%) patients required late shunt revision at two months to 5 years post initial shunting. Fifty-one patients had undergone final corrective surgery.
{"title":"Systemic to Pulmonary Shunting in 93 Cyanotic Neonates","authors":"N. Kalis, Habib Ebrahim Al-Tarief, Suad R Al Amer","doi":"10.12816/0047453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047453","url":null,"abstract":"Early postoperative mortality was 1 (1%). Late postoperative mortality was 4 (4%); sepsis was the major cause. Early (<1 month postoperatively) shunt failure/occlusion occurred in 6 (6%) patients. Under 14 days of age at the time of shunting and shunt size of 5mm (18% versus 4.6%) were risk factors for early shunt occlusion/failure. Eight (8%) patients required late shunt revision at two months to 5 years post initial shunting. Fifty-one patients had undergone final corrective surgery.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45655166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NLD is a type of skin eruptions that occur on the lower legs. The average age of onset is 30 to 40 years, but it could present at any age and tends to occur earlier in diabetics; it is three times more common in females than males. NLD develops as a slightly raised shiny red-brown patch with a yellowish center. Typically, multiple patches develop and might progress to open sores that take a long time to heal; it is usually surrounded by blood vessels that are easily visible under the skin (telangiectasia)2. Many etiological theories have been proposed, but the exact cause is unknown. Nevertheless, the most accepted theory is that it is due to a vascular disturbance involving immune complex deposition or microangiopathic changes resulting in collagen degeneration. NLD usually occurs in people with diabetes mellitus, family history of diabetes or those predisposed to diabetes. NLD could be confused with similar conditions, such as Granuloma Annulare, which appears as individual spots, usually consisting of a circular array of reddish to brown and slightly translucent bumps. Other similar conditions include lipodermatosclerosis, necrobiotic xanthogranuloma, and diabetic dermopathy. Skin
{"title":"Necrobiosis Lipoidica Diabeticorum as a Sign of Diabetes","authors":"Alanood Al-Meraisel, Hana Al-Khayat","doi":"10.12816/0047470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047470","url":null,"abstract":"NLD is a type of skin eruptions that occur on the lower legs. The average age of onset is 30 to 40 years, but it could present at any age and tends to occur earlier in diabetics; it is three times more common in females than males. NLD develops as a slightly raised shiny red-brown patch with a yellowish center. Typically, multiple patches develop and might progress to open sores that take a long time to heal; it is usually surrounded by blood vessels that are easily visible under the skin (telangiectasia)2. Many etiological theories have been proposed, but the exact cause is unknown. Nevertheless, the most accepted theory is that it is due to a vascular disturbance involving immune complex deposition or microangiopathic changes resulting in collagen degeneration. NLD usually occurs in people with diabetes mellitus, family history of diabetes or those predisposed to diabetes. NLD could be confused with similar conditions, such as Granuloma Annulare, which appears as individual spots, usually consisting of a circular array of reddish to brown and slightly translucent bumps. Other similar conditions include lipodermatosclerosis, necrobiotic xanthogranuloma, and diabetic dermopathy. Skin","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46344944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Result: Eighty-nine patients were included in the study. A total of one hundred and two patients were diagnosed with breast cancer based on biopsy results; thirteen patients were excluded due to the unknown stage and/or grade. The mean age was 53.9 years. The majority of cases were infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC), 82 (92%). The most common molecular subtype detected in the study was Luminal B (ER+, PR+, HER2+), 29 (32.6%) of the study population. Nine (10%) had an unknown grade, and 8 (8.9%) had unknown stage were excluded from the analysis.
{"title":"Molecular Subtypes among Patients with Breast Cancer","authors":"L. Navsaria, Fatema Ali, R. Goswamy","doi":"10.12816/0047462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047462","url":null,"abstract":"Result: Eighty-nine patients were included in the study. A total of one hundred and two patients were diagnosed with breast cancer based on biopsy results; thirteen patients were excluded due to the unknown stage and/or grade. The mean age was 53.9 years. The majority of cases were infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC), 82 (92%). The most common molecular subtype detected in the study was Luminal B (ER+, PR+, HER2+), 29 (32.6%) of the study population. Nine (10%) had an unknown grade, and 8 (8.9%) had unknown stage were excluded from the analysis.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47866712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
38 Day-of-surgery cancellation is a global problem with reported rates ranging from 1.96% to 24%1,2. It could go unnoticed if the turnover of cases were high at the operating hospital. It causes distress to the treating doctors, the nursing staff, the families and the patients. Public and private hospitals suffer from waste of fund, resources and the unused slots, which cause delay to other patients on waiting list. In the long-term, this issue creates a financial drain, extended hospital stay, and multiple repeated tests and preoperative preparations3-7.
{"title":"Cancellation of Elective Procedures on the Day of Surgery","authors":"Ali R. Karashi, M. Alsaif, F. Rashid","doi":"10.12816/0047464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047464","url":null,"abstract":"38 Day-of-surgery cancellation is a global problem with reported rates ranging from 1.96% to 24%1,2. It could go unnoticed if the turnover of cases were high at the operating hospital. It causes distress to the treating doctors, the nursing staff, the families and the patients. Public and private hospitals suffer from waste of fund, resources and the unused slots, which cause delay to other patients on waiting list. In the long-term, this issue creates a financial drain, extended hospital stay, and multiple repeated tests and preoperative preparations3-7.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48136008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. I. Aljeeran, Khaled Muqla Al Kuwari, Talal Almayman
“Os odontoideum” is a Latin term for “a tooth-like bone”. Fielding et al classified os odontoideum into dystopic and orthotopic, based on the relationship of the odontoid process to the axis and the clivus3. The ossicle is identified as orthotopic when it is located at its normal position posterior to the anterior arch of C1 and dystopic when it is located in a displaced position and usually fused with the basion. The small odontoid process is separated from the ossicle which is usually lying cranial to the superior facets of C21.
{"title":"A Rare Late Presentation of Os-Odontoideum with Severe Progressive Myelopathy","authors":"O. I. Aljeeran, Khaled Muqla Al Kuwari, Talal Almayman","doi":"10.12816/0047468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047468","url":null,"abstract":"“Os odontoideum” is a Latin term for “a tooth-like bone”. Fielding et al classified os odontoideum into dystopic and orthotopic, based on the relationship of the odontoid process to the axis and the clivus3. The ossicle is identified as orthotopic when it is located at its normal position posterior to the anterior arch of C1 and dystopic when it is located in a displaced position and usually fused with the basion. The small odontoid process is separated from the ossicle which is usually lying cranial to the superior facets of C21.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48650924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. K. Alzailaie, A. A. Aljarie, Hesham M. Abdelwahab
59 CNS infections due to multi-resistant strains of Acinetobacter pose a serious complication in neurosurgical patients. The widespread use of antibiotics may have altered the epidemiology of post-neurosurgical CNS infections. External ventricular drainage (EVD) is one of the procedures most widely performed in neurosurgery associated with a high infection rate of 2-33%. Risk factors for this type of infection include the duration of EVD, inadequate asepsis during manipulation of drain components, increased intracranial pressure and intraventricular hemorrhage1.
{"title":"Successful Outcome in Treating Ventriculitis with Intrathecal Colistin in a Child","authors":"A. K. Alzailaie, A. A. Aljarie, Hesham M. Abdelwahab","doi":"10.12816/0047474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0047474","url":null,"abstract":"59 CNS infections due to multi-resistant strains of Acinetobacter pose a serious complication in neurosurgical patients. The widespread use of antibiotics may have altered the epidemiology of post-neurosurgical CNS infections. External ventricular drainage (EVD) is one of the procedures most widely performed in neurosurgery associated with a high infection rate of 2-33%. Risk factors for this type of infection include the duration of EVD, inadequate asepsis during manipulation of drain components, increased intracranial pressure and intraventricular hemorrhage1.","PeriodicalId":43814,"journal":{"name":"Bahrain Medical Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48156310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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