INDIAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY OF SCIENCE最新文献

Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF) is an age old disease. It is even mentioned by Suśruta, one of the earliest surgeons of the recorded history (600 BCE) in his book in Suśrutasaṃhitā. OSF is Areca nut (Areca Catechu Linn.) habit associated disease and more prevalent in countries where the use of this nut is high. In Southeast Asian countries it is widely used due to their high cultural beliefs. The pathogenesis of this age old irreversible disease is very complex, that none of the treatment modalities till date has provided satisfactory results. In this article, insight to Areca nut native, cultivation and cultural aspects, the psychology behind its use in various cultures and review of current medical literature is attempted to trace back the history of OSF.

Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF) is an age old disease. It is even mentioned by Suśruta, one of the earliest surgeons of the recorded history (600 BCE) in his book in Suśrutasaṃhitā. OSF is Areca nut (Areca Catechu Linn.) habit associated disease and more prevalent in countries where the use of this nut is high. In Southeast Asian countries it is widely used due to their high cultural beliefs. The pathogenesis of this age old irreversible disease is very complex, that none of the treatment modalities till date has provided satisfactory results. In this article, insight to Areca nut native, cultivation and cultural aspects, the psychology behind its use in various cultures and review of current medical literature is attempted to trace back the history of OSF.

No aspect of Jagadis Chandra Bose’s science is more enigmatic than his concern with the relationship between the living and nonliving, explored from 1900 through 1902. Elsewhere this writer called this the ‘middle Bose’ period since it separated Bose the physicist (1894–1900) from Bose the plant physiologist (1903 and after). The essence of his insight developed in this brief period was formerly termed by this writer the ‘Boseian thesis’ and summarized as ‘There is no discontinuity between the living and nonliving’. However, a more nuanced examination of three key texts published by Bose in this period, along with supplemental archival documents reveals that his articulation of the relationship between the living and nonliving evolved in subtle and daring ways culminating in an expression of the doctrine of panvitalism. This doctrine—that life pervades all matter—is an idea about the natural world. Thus, examining Bose’s panvitalism takes us into the realm of intellectual history: the close study of the meaning of Bose’s texts in order to understand his intention in exploring the relationship of the living and nonliving, the context of his investigation and its relation to the texts, and how he arrived at his panvitalist doctrine. The intellectual history of Bose’s panvitalism is the subject of this paper.

No aspect of Jagadis Chandra Bose’s science is more enigmatic than his concern with the relationship between the living and nonliving, explored from 1900 through 1902. Elsewhere this writer called this the ‘middle Bose’ period since it separated Bose the physicist (1894–1900) from Bose the plant physiologist (1903 and after). The essence of his insight developed in this brief period was formerly termed by this writer the ‘Boseian thesis’ and summarized as ‘There is no discontinuity between the living and nonliving’. However, a more nuanced examination of three key texts published by Bose in this period, along with supplemental archival documents reveals that his articulation of the relationship between the living and nonliving evolved in subtle and daring ways culminating in an expression of the doctrine of panvitalism. This doctrine—that life pervades all matter—is an idea about the natural world. Thus, examining Bose’s panvitalism takes us into the realm of intellectual history: the close study of the meaning of Bose’s texts in order to understand his intention in exploring the relationship of the living and nonliving, the context of his investigation and its relation to the texts, and how he arrived at his panvitalist doctrine. The intellectual history of Bose’s panvitalism is the subject of this paper.