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Application of Accelerometers for Measuring Aerodynamic Forces in Short-Term Facilities 加速度计在短期设施气动力测量中的应用
IF 0.4 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-3-22-28
A. Maslov, A. Starov, I. S. Tsyryulnikov
Methods for restoring aerodynamic forces based on the use of measurement data by balance elements and an accelerometer have been expanded. A signal processing method has been developed that makes it possible to correct the measurement data of balance elements using additional data on the acceleration of support elements. Examples of the application of the proposed method under the conditions of a pulsed wind tunnel in experiments on massive models, both with constant and decreasing flow parameters during the test, are given. An increase in the measurement accuracy of single-component force-measuring sensors is shown.
扩展了利用平衡元件和加速度计测量数据恢复气动力的方法。本文提出了一种信号处理方法,利用支撑元件加速度的附加数据对平衡元件的测量数据进行校正。文中给出了该方法在脉冲风洞大质量模型试验条件下的应用实例。结果表明,单分量测力传感器的测量精度有所提高。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of a Radiofrequency Plasma Generator for Multi-Second Pulse Operation 用于多秒脉冲操作的射频等离子体发生器的研究
IF 0.4 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-3-5-11
V. A. Vointsev, D. Y. Gavrisenko, A. Kondakov, O. Sotnikov, R. A. Finashin
This paper presents the test results of a radiofrequency (RF) plasma generator, developed for neutral beam injectors. A water cooled faraday screen is installed into the generator for multi-second pulse operation. Consistent operation achieved for 20-second long pulses with input power of 38 kW is described. The density of the ion current was measured. The experiments were conducted to measure the density of the ion current at the driver’s output and to evaluate the heating of the driver’s elements. Main factors affecting the power losses were determined. The power loss caused by the eddy currents in the driver’s clamping flanges were reduced.
本文介绍了为中性束注入器研制的射频等离子体发生器的测试结果。水冷法拉第屏安装在发电机中,用于多秒脉冲操作。描述了输入功率为38千瓦的20秒长脉冲的稳定运行。测量了离子电流的密度。实验测量了驱动器输出处的离子电流密度,并对驱动器元件的加热进行了评估。确定了影响功率损耗的主要因素。减小了驱动器夹紧法兰涡流造成的功率损失。
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引用次数: 0
Study of the Regimes of Diffusive Combustion of a Hydrogen Microjet 氢微射流扩散燃烧状态的研究
IF 0.4 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-3-12-21
V. Kozlov, M. Litvinenko, Yu. A. Litvinenko, A. Tambovtsev, A. Shmakov
The paper presents the results of experimental studies of scenarios of diffusion combustion of a microjet of hydrogen flowing out of a cylindrical micronozzle with a diameter of 200 μm. The hydrogen microjet is ignited near the nozzle exit and at a distance. The experimental data are compared with the data previously obtained, and the results are expressed in dimensionless parameters (in terms of Reynolds numbers). It is established that the stabilization of flame during the outflow of a circular micro jet of hydrogen is associated with the presence of heating of the nozzle by a spherical flame region covering the nozzle section. The hysteresis of the diffusion combustion process of circular hydrogen microjets is shown depending on the ignition location of the microjet (near or far from the nozzle exit) and the change in the flow rate (growth or decrease).
本文介绍了直径为200 μm的圆柱形微喷嘴中氢气微射流扩散燃烧的实验研究结果。氢气微射流在喷嘴出口附近和一定距离处被点燃。将实验数据与之前得到的数据进行比较,结果用无量纲参数表示(以雷诺数表示)。建立了圆形氢微射流流出过程中火焰的稳定与覆盖在喷嘴上的球形火焰区域对喷嘴的加热有关。圆形氢微射流扩散燃烧过程的迟滞性取决于微射流的点火位置(离喷嘴出口近或远)和流量的变化(增大或减小)。
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引用次数: 0
Two-stage carbon condensation model during detonation of high explosives 高能炸药爆轰过程中的两级碳凝聚模型
IF 0.4 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-09-11 DOI: 10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-2-48-55
I. Rubtsov
During detonating of high explosives with a negative oxygen balance, one of the products of the chemical reaction is condensed carbon. However, the lack of experimental data does not allow us to give a quantitative assessment of the carbon condensation process today. In this paper, a two-stage model of carbon condensation during the detonation of high explosives is proposed. We used small-angle X-ray scattering method to study the dynamics of the formation of carbon nanoparticles during the detonation of charges of a mixture of TNT and RDX.
在负氧平衡的高能炸药起爆过程中,化学反应的产物之一是冷凝碳。然而,由于缺乏实验数据,我们今天无法对碳凝结过程进行定量评估。本文提出了高爆药起爆过程中碳凝聚的两阶段模型。采用小角x射线散射方法研究了TNT和RDX混合炸药爆轰过程中碳纳米颗粒形成的动力学过程。
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引用次数: 0
Flame Structure of Ammonia/Hydrogen/Oxygen/Argon Mixtures at High Pressure 高压下氨/氢/氧/氩混合物的火焰结构
IF 0.4 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-09-11 DOI: 10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-2-56-68
K. N. Osipova, A. Shmakov
The search of alternative fuels is one of the most important issues. Hydrogen is the most attractive one since its combustion products include only water. However, due to its specific properties wide implementation of hydrogen is not possible. There is an idea to use chemical carriers of hydrogen, for example, ammonia. The addition of hydrogen, which is the product of ammonia cracking, can improve the combustion characteristics of ammonia. The work presents experimental data on the structure of NH3/H2/O2/Ar flames at 4 atm. Equivalence ratio values were 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2, NH3/H2 ratio – 1/1. Flame structure was measured with molecular beam mass spectrometry with soft electron impact ionization. In the experiments, flames were stabilized on the flat burner. Temperature profiles were measured with thin S-type thermocouples. Numerical simulations were performed with PREMIX code from CHEMKIN package. The comparison of the experimental and numerical data enabled to reveal the mechanism of NH3/H2 oxidation showing the best predictive capability. Experimental and numerical data showed that the nitrogen-containing species which are present in the post-flame zone are N2 and NO whereas concentration of N2O and NO2 is negligible. It was revealed that in terms of NO reduction slightly rich conditions are more effective. In addition, the effect of equivalence ratio on the peak concentration of NO, N2O and NO2 was analyzed. Rich conditions appeared to be more effective to reduce peak concentrations of NO, N2O and NO2.
寻找替代燃料是最重要的问题之一。氢是最吸引人的,因为它的燃烧产物只包括水。然而,由于其特殊的性质,氢的广泛应用是不可能的。有一个想法是使用氢的化学载体,比如氨。氨裂解产物氢的加入可以改善氨的燃烧特性。本文介绍了在4大气压下NH3/H2/O2/Ar火焰结构的实验数据。等效比分别为0.8、1.0和1.2,NH3/H2比为- 1/1。采用软电子冲击电离分子束质谱法测定火焰结构。在实验中,火焰在扁平燃烧器上稳定下来。用薄s型热电偶测量温度分布。使用CHEMKIN软件包中的PREMIX代码进行数值模拟。通过对实验数据和数值数据的比较,揭示了NH3/H2氧化机理,显示出较好的预测能力。实验和数值数据表明,火焰后区的含氮物质主要是N2和NO,而N2O和NO2的浓度可以忽略不计。结果表明,在微富条件下对NO的还原效果更好。此外,还分析了等效比对NO、N2O和NO2峰值浓度的影响。富营养化条件对降低NO、N2O和NO2的峰值浓度更为有效。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the Increment of Transverse Instability of a Kiloampere Electron Beam in a Linear Induction Accelerator for Its Use in a Terahertz FEL 用于太赫兹自由电子激光器的千安培线性感应加速器中电子束横向不稳定性增量的研究
IF 0.4 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-09-11 DOI: 10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-2-16-29
E. Sandalov, S. Sinitsky, D. I. Skovorodin, A. V. Arzhannikov, P. Logachev, P. Bak, K. Zhivankov, D. Nikiforov, A. Petrenko, N. Ginzburg, N. Peskov, R. V. Protas
The Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS in cooperation with the Russian Federal Nuclear Center VNIITF performs a series of researches aimed at acquiring a relative electron beam with energy up to 20 MeV, current up to 2 kA, and duration up to 200 ns at normalized emittance ca. 1000 π∙mm∙rad in a linear induction accelerator (LIA). In order to generate electron beams with such parameters we require thorough investigation of all main sources of perturbation of electron beam trajectory caused by different instabilities that occur during the transport and acceleration of a high currency beam in the accelerating structure of LIA. For the experimental series on measuring the dynamics of transverse oscillation of a beam, we applied a set of fast current transformers which are used for registration of beam current and mode fields caused by this beam in the structure. These measurements were performed for the electron beam with the energy of 8.5 MeV and current of 1 kA going through the structure at different modes of focusing magnetic fields size in LIA. As a result, we registered oscillation of the electromagnetic field of normal modes in the accelerating modules of LIA, as well as we determined the dependence of the oscillation amplitude of these modes’ EM field on the number of accelerating module. This dependence was compared with the result of modeling of development dynamics of transverse instability in LIA that was performed using the created program system. This allowed us to determine the size of the increment of transverse instability of a relativistic electron beam under the given experimental conditions. Based on the acquired results, we made the analysis of possibility to use the beam generated in ILA as a driver for the FEL generator of coherent impulses of THz radiation within the frequency range of 0.3–1.2 THz with a sub-gigawatt level of power.
SB RAS核物理研究所与俄罗斯联邦核中心VNIITF合作进行了一系列研究,旨在获得能量高达20 MeV,电流高达2 kA,持续时间高达200 ns的相对电子束,归一化发射度约为1000 π∙mm∙rad的线性感应加速器(LIA)。为了产生具有这些参数的电子束,我们需要深入研究在LIA加速结构中高货币束的输运和加速过程中发生的不同不稳定性所引起的电子束轨迹扰动的所有主要来源。在测量梁的横向振荡动力学的一系列实验中,我们采用了一套快速电流互感器,用于配准梁的电流和梁在结构中引起的模场。对能量为8.5 MeV、电流为1 kA的电子束在不同聚焦磁场大小模式下穿过该结构进行了测量。因此,我们记录了LIA加速模块中正常模式电磁场的振荡,并确定了这些模式电磁场的振荡幅度与加速模块数量的关系。将这种依赖关系与使用所创建的程序系统进行的LIA横向不稳定发展动力学建模结果进行了比较。这使我们能够确定在给定实验条件下相对论性电子束横向不稳定性增量的大小。基于所获得的结果,我们分析了使用在ILA中产生的光束作为驱动的可能性,在频率范围为0.3-1.2太赫兹,功率为亚千兆瓦级的太赫兹辐射相干脉冲的FEL发生器。
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引用次数: 2
Lecture demonstrations of experiments in physics at the Novosibirsk State University 新西伯利亚国立大学物理实验演示讲座
IF 0.4 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-09-11 DOI: 10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-2-93-104
E. Palchikov, V. Seleznev, E. G. Alekseev
The article tells about the 60-year history of the creation of a set of basic lecture demonstrations at the Physical Department of the Novosibirsk State University and about the subdivision for demonstrations support – from the moment the university was founded. The evolution of a set of demonstration installations, methodological descriptions andtechniques for using equipment in the process of teaching physics in various situations is considered. It tells about the people who made a great contribution at different stages of the transformation of DKF – a demonstration room in physics and MLDKS – an interfaculty laboratory of demonstrations and computer support. Bibliographic references to catalogs with methodological descriptions of lecture demonstrations developed and created at NSU are given.
这篇文章讲述了在新西伯利亚国立大学物理系创建一套基本讲座演示的60年历史,以及从大学成立的那一刻起,支持演示的分支机构。讨论了在不同情况下物理教学过程中使用设备的一套演示装置、方法描述和技术的演变。它讲述了在DKF(物理演示室)和MLDKS(演示和计算机支持的跨院系实验室)转型的不同阶段做出巨大贡献的人们。提供了在新大开发和创建的讲座演示的方法描述的目录参考书目。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental study of effect of a pair of weak shock waves on laminar-turbulent transition in the boundary layer of flat plate at Mach number 2 马赫数为2时一对弱激波对平板边界层层流-湍流过渡影响的实验研究
IF 0.4 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-09-11 DOI: 10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-2-30-40
M. V. Piterimova, А. D. Kosinov, N. Semionov, A. Yatskikh, V. Kocharin, Y. Yermolaev
An experimental study of the effect of longitudinal vortices generated by weak shock waves on the laminar-turbulent transition in the boundary layer of a flat plate at a Mach number 2 is conducted. To amplify the effect of the longitudinal vortices generation, a model with leading edge blunting radius of 0,5 mm was used. The disturbance intensity was measured with a constant temperature hotwire anemometer and a single-wire sensor. To change the Reynolds numbers in the flow, the method of varying the pressure in the pretest section of a supersonic wind tunnel was used. According to the experimental conditions, the level of mass flow perturbations in the test section T325 of ITAM SB RAS did not exceed 0,1 % of the mean flow in the frequency range from 0,2 to 50 kHz. In this work, it is obtained for the first time that stationary streamwise vortices that arise in the boundary layer of a flat plate because of the action of a pair of weak shock waves on its leading edge lead to an early laminar-turbulent transition at different Reynolds numbers. In the case of a homogeneous boundary layer, the transition is achieved at Rex ≈ 3,1 × 106, and in measurements in the region of vortices from shock waves at Rex ≈ 1,5 × 106 and Rex ≈ 2 × 106.
在马赫数为2的条件下,对弱激波产生的纵向涡对平板边界层层流-湍流过渡的影响进行了实验研究。为了放大纵向涡产生的影响,采用前缘钝化半径为0.5 mm的模型。用恒温热线风速仪和单线传感器测量扰动强度。为了改变流动中的雷诺数,采用了在超声速风洞预试段改变压力的方法。根据实验条件,在ITAM SB RAS的T325试验段,在0.2 ~ 50 kHz的频率范围内,质量流量扰动水平不超过平均流量的0.1%。在这项工作中,首次获得了由于一对弱激波在其前缘的作用而在平板边界层中产生的平稳的流向涡导致不同雷诺数下的早期层流-湍流过渡。在均匀边界层的情况下,在Rex≈3,1 × 106,以及在Rex≈1,5 × 106和Rex≈2 × 106的激波漩涡区域的测量中实现了过渡。
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引用次数: 1
Chair of Continuous Media Physics 连续介质物理学主席
IF 0.4 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-09-11 DOI: 10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-2-81-92
E. Palchikov, M. Kotelnikova
The paper talks about the history of the creation of the Chair of Continuous Media Physics of the Physics Department of NSU, the scientific achievements of its employees and graduates, the teaching methods and hints, the fields of interest in science.
本文介绍了新大物理系连续介质物理学讲席的设立历程、教职员工和毕业生的科研成果、教学方法和教学提示、科学兴趣领域等。
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引用次数: 0
Section of Physical Methods of Solid State Research of the Department of Physics of Novosibirsk State University 新西伯利亚国立大学物理系固体研究物理方法研究室
IF 0.4 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-09-11 DOI: 10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-2-75-80
S. Tsybulya
The article is devoted to the Department of Physical Methods for Solid Research of the Physics Department of Novosibirsk State University, the basic institutes of which are the Boreskov Institute of Catalysis and the Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science. It tells about the history of the foundation of the department, its lecturers and the directions of their scientific research, and also about the disciplines studied. The reader can get acquainted with the list of department’s master’s programs and with the achievements of its graduates and the prospects for further development.
这篇文章是献给新西伯利亚国立大学物理系固体研究物理方法系的,该系的基础研究所是俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院的Boreskov催化研究所和Nikolaev无机化学研究所。它讲述了该系成立的历史,它的讲师和他们的科学研究方向,以及研究的学科。读者可以了解该系的硕士点名单、毕业生的成就和进一步发展的前景。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Siberian Federal University-Mathematics & Physics
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