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Using the Process-Genre Approach to Improve Fourth-Grade EFL Learners’ Paragraph Writing 运用过程体裁法提高四年级英语学习者的段落写作水平
IF 0.6 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.5294/LACLIL.V10I2.8641
Hector Lara
Writing plays a significant role in language learning. Previous research has reported on the effectiveness of several approaches to develop writing skills to enhance writing competence, but little attention has been given to the paragraph writing of elementary students. The present qualitative action research study used artifacts, teacher’s journals, learner’s journals, and a focus group interview to collect data on the way the process-genre approach assisted fourth-grade EFL learners in writing well-structured narrative paragraphs. Data were analyzed using the grounded theory approach, showing that most of the participants managed to write well-structured paragraphs in which they developed only one idea and supported it without deviating from the subject. Learners also became aware of the role of the audience and the features of the narrative writing genre. The findings of the study lend support to the notion that the process-genre approach is an effective way for young learners to achieve the expected goal; hence, it could be more widely adopted in writing courses at the elementary school level.
写作在语言学习中起着重要作用。以往的研究报道了几种培养写作技能以提高写作能力的方法的有效性,但很少关注小学生的段落写作。本定性行动研究使用人工制品、教师日记、学习者日记和焦点小组访谈来收集数据,了解过程体裁方法如何帮助四年级英语学习者写出结构良好的叙事段落。使用扎根理论方法对数据进行了分析,表明大多数参与者都能写出结构良好的段落,在这些段落中,他们只提出了一个想法,并在不偏离主题的情况下支持它。学习者也意识到了观众的作用和叙事写作流派的特点。研究结果支持了这样一种观点,即过程体裁方法是年轻学习者实现预期目标的有效途径;因此,它可以在小学阶段的写作课程中得到更广泛的应用。
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引用次数: 6
Using the Process-Genre Approach to Improve Fourth-Grade EFL Learners’ Paragraph Writing 运用过程体裁法提高四年级英语学习者的段落写作水平
IF 0.6 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.5294/laclil.2017.10.2.3
Héctor Mauricio Arteaga Lara
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引用次数: 9
Language and Content in Higher Education 高等教育中的语言与内容
IF 0.6 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-08-14 DOI: 10.5294/LACLIL.2017.10.1.1
Jermaine S. McDougald
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引用次数: 0
Affective Limitations in Second Language Acquisition by Spanish Adult Learners in Vocational Training Programs. 西班牙语成人学习者在职业培训中习得第二语言的情感限制。
IF 0.6 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-08-14 DOI: 10.5294/LACLIL.2017.10.1.6
S. Castañeda
This article aims to show and explain the growing motivational, personal or af- fective dif culties that unemployed adult learners are currently facing in the English subject when they decide to retake their education in age-diverse Vocational Training Programs in the Spanish educational system. The results presented in this article are based on a multiple case qualitative study research directed in two different areas. The participants were vocational training teachers who participated in a semi-structured interview. They con rmed the increas- ing level of frustration and dropout rate that Spanish adult students are experiencing in the L2 subject of these programs, mostly due to their oral and comprehension skills. The results of  this article show the numerous obstacles of adaptation to the L2 contents and methodologies that adult learners face; generally because they are surrounded by adolescent or younger class- mates who have more experience in the foreign language and a wider linguistic knowledge. It is further explained how this age heterogeneity in the English classroom leads to dif culties in the linguistic acquisition, lack of adaptation to current L2 teaching methodologies and lack of inclusion in the rest of the group, due to motivational limitations derived from fear of ridicule, self-imposed affective barriers and anxiety in the English classroom.  doi:  10.5294/laclil.2017.10.1.6
本文旨在展示和解释失业的成年学习者在决定在西班牙教育系统中的不同年龄段的职业培训项目中重新接受教育时,在英语科目上面临的动机、个人或影响因素日益严重的困难。本文给出的结果是基于针对两个不同领域的多案例定性研究。参与者是参加半结构化面试的职业培训教师。他们证实,西班牙成年学生在这些项目的二语科目中所经历的挫折感和辍学率不断上升,这主要是由于他们的口语和理解技能。本文的研究结果表明,成人学习者在适应二语内容和方法论方面面临着诸多障碍;通常是因为他们周围都是青少年或年轻的同学,他们在外语方面有更多的经验和更广泛的语言知识。进一步解释了英语课堂中的这种年龄异质性是如何导致语言习得的困难、对当前二语教学方法的不适应以及由于英语课堂中对嘲笑的恐惧、自我施加的情感障碍和焦虑而产生的动机限制而导致的对其他群体的不包容。doi:10.5294/laclil.2017.10.1.6
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引用次数: 4
Exploring the Suitability of an English for Health Sciences Program: Model and Report of a Self-Evaluation Process 探索健康科学英语课程的适用性:自我评估过程的模型和报告
IF 0.6 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-08-14 DOI: 10.5294/LACLIL.V10I1.7131
E. Ferrer, Yuddy Pérez
Program evaluation is a process of carefully collecting information in order to make informed decisions to strengthen speci c components of a given program. The type of evalua- tion an institution decides to undertake depends on the purpose as well as on the information the institution wants to nd out about its program. Self-evaluation represents a tool that institutions can rely on to follow up on the quality and pertinence of their programs. This tool can provide important information in relation to the relevance of outcomes, content, methodology, materials, and assessment along with the perceptions of the program from stakeholders such as students, teachers, and administrators. The results of a self-evaluation can guide the deci sion-making process in an institution to strengthen each of the components of a set curriculum. This paper presents the self-evaluation process conducted by an English for Health Sciences program to determine the suitability of the curriculum in place. It rst presents models through which a program can self-evaluate. Then, it elaborates on the model chosen and the steps followed in the self-evaluation process of the English for Health Sciences Program as well as the results obtained from the experience and the subsequent adjustments made to the program. The readers may use this experience as a point of reference to implement a similar process in their own contexts.  doi: 10.5294/laclil.2017.10.1.2
项目评估是一个仔细收集信息的过程,以便做出明智的决定来加强给定项目的特定组成部分。机构决定进行的评估类型取决于目的以及机构想要获得的有关其项目的信息。自我评估是各机构可以用来跟踪其项目质量和针对性的一种工具。该工具可以提供与结果、内容、方法、材料和评估的相关性相关的重要信息,以及学生、教师和管理人员等利益相关者对项目的看法。自我评估的结果可以指导机构的决策过程,以加强既定课程的每一个组成部分。本文介绍了健康科学英语项目进行的自我评估过程,以确定课程的适用性。它首先提出了程序可以自我评估的模型。然后,阐述了健康科学英语课程自评过程中所选择的模式和步骤,以及从经验中获得的结果和随后对课程进行的调整。读者可以利用这一经验作为参考,在自己的背景下实施类似的过程。doi:10.5294/laclil.2017.10.1.2
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引用次数: 3
Phrasebook: una salida para los maestros de CLIL en Tailandia Phrasebook: CLIL教师在泰国的一次旅行
IF 0.6 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-08-14 DOI: 10.5294/LACLIL.2017.10.1.3
Punwalai Kewara
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is an alternative approach for En- glish teaching and learning that is in focus in Thailand today. Preparing Thai content teachers to con dently use English as a means of instruction in the English integrated classroom just as they do in the Thai monolingual classroom takes time and long-term nancial investment. Creating a classroom language manual for mathematics teachers to promptly use is a way out for those professionals who struggle with language. This article aims to examine the possibility of providing prefabricated classroom language sentences to Thai content teachers who need language support in order to identify the appropriateness of the components of the manual and the language for classroom use, in order to create a motif of language support for other subjects. In addition, this paper aims to explore Thai mathematics teachers’ perception toward the CLIL classroom. The phrasebook design was based on a unit of mathematics at the primary level for 25 Thai mathematics teachers to implement in their classes. The results revealed that the designed prefabricated phrasebook could be a way out. Prefabricated phrases should respond to the speci cation of mathematics concepts for each level. Ultimately, the CLIL concept should be clearly established for Thai content teachers to make CLIL classes effective and possible.  doi:  10.5294/laclil.2017.10.1.3
内容和语言综合学习(CLIL)是当今泰国关注的英语教学的一种替代方法。让泰语内容教师像在泰语单语课堂上一样,在英语综合课堂上坚定地使用英语作为教学手段,需要时间和长期的财政投资。为数学教师编写一本课堂语言手册以供他们迅速使用,这是那些与语言作斗争的专业人士的一条出路。本文旨在研究向需要语言支持的泰语内容教师提供预制课堂语言句子的可能性,以确定手册的组成部分和课堂使用语言的适当性,从而为其他科目创造语言支持的主题。此外,本文旨在探讨泰国数学教师对CLIL课堂的认知。该常用语手册的设计基于小学数学单元,供25名泰国数学教师在课堂上实施。结果表明,设计的预制短语手册可能是一条出路。预制短语应针对每个级别的数学概念的具体情况作出反应。最终,应该为泰国内容教师明确确立CLIL概念,使CLIL课程有效且可行。doi:10.5294/lalil.2017.10.1.3
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引用次数: 1
Using WhatsApp to Create a Space of Language and Content for Students of International Relations 用WhatsApp为国际关系专业的学生创造语言和内容的空间
IF 0.6 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-08-14 DOI: 10.5294/LACLIL.2017.10.1.4
Conor Keogh
For language learners of this generation, the smart phone represents a key cul- tural artefact that complements the learning process. Instant messaging applications such as WhatsApp are widely used in personal, professional and, increasingly, academic circles to maintain constant contact among friends, colleagues, or classmates. This study seeks to analyze how a group of 19 International Relations students and their teacher utilized a WhatsApp chat group throughout their semester-long English class. The group was conceived of as being an extension to a Community of Practice. On a basic level, the chat group was to be used as a shared space in which learners could practice their use of new phrases or vocabulary learned within the  class in relation to real life issues connected to themes associated with International Relations. The space could also be interpreted as a virtual ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development) in which learners were scaffolded by their teacher as well as their classmates. Finally, the group provided a space in which learners could engage dialogically and more openly in a truly collective, recip- rocal, supportive, cumulative, and purposeful manner. This qualitative study analyzed both in- teractions within the group and student re ections on its effectiveness, which served to indicate that such a group space can lead to effective learner scaffolding, increased learner participation, and the formation of an advantageous community of learners.  doi:  10.5294/laclil.2017.10.1.4
对于这一代的语言学习者来说,智能手机代表了一个关键的文化产物,它补充了学习过程。WhatsApp等即时消息应用程序被广泛用于个人、职业以及越来越多的学术圈子,以保持朋友、同事或同学之间的持续联系。这项研究试图分析一个由19名国际关系专业学生和他们的老师组成的小组是如何在整个学期的英语课上使用WhatsApp聊天群的。该小组被认为是实践共同体的延伸。在基本层面上,聊天群将被用作一个共享空间,学习者可以在其中练习使用课堂上学习的新短语或词汇,以解决与国际关系相关的现实生活问题。这个空间也可以被解释为一个虚拟的ZPD(近端发展区),在这个区域里,学习者由他们的老师和同学搭建脚手架。最后,该小组提供了一个空间,学习者可以在其中以真正的集体、背诵、支持、累积和有目的的方式进行对话和更公开的参与。这项定性研究分析了群体内的互动和学生对其有效性的影响,表明这样的群体空间可以导致有效的学习者支架,增加学习者的参与,并形成有利的学习者群体。doi:10.5294/laclil.2017.10.1.4
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引用次数: 22
CLIL approaches in education: Opportunities, challenges, or threats? CLIL教学法在教育中的应用:机遇、挑战还是威胁?
IF 0.6 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-12-21 DOI: 10.5294/LACLIL.2016.9.2.1
Jermaine S. McDougald
Our world is constantly changing; hence, the importance of being able to respond to its demands is of utmost importance. There is an enormous need to innovate and create, as well as apply new and/or different ways of doing things in every aspect of life, including education, which has evolved over the years and will continue doing so for years to come. This is why different approaches to learning have appeared (Coyle, 1999, 2009; Deyrich & Kari Stunnel, 2014a), amongst them CLIL (content and language integrated learning), an approach which in its original conception was about teaching and learning not only language but also content.  Nowadays people “need to learn a language to confront the demands of a new society; the studied language may provide a better status and the possibility to use it for different needs” (Rodriguez Bonces, 2012b, p. 180). And what better way could there be to learn it than through a meaningful, real, and contextualized approach such as CLIL? As Rodriguez Bonces (2012a) suggests, CLIL increases motivation since “language is used to fulfill real purposes, its use is authentic and much more meaningful for the students” (p. 183). This argument alone has provided many institutions with a viable option to look for something different in the classroom. doi: 10.5294/laclil.2016.9.2.1
我们的世界在不断变化;因此,能够对其要求作出反应的重要性是极其重要的。我们非常需要创新和创造,以及在生活的各个方面应用新的和/或不同的做事方式,包括教育,这已经发展了多年,并将在未来几年继续发展。这就是为什么出现了不同的学习方法(Coyle, 1999,2009;Deyrich & Kari Stunnel, 2014a),其中包括CLIL(内容和语言综合学习),这种方法的最初概念不仅涉及语言,还涉及内容的教与学。如今,人们“需要学习一门语言来面对新社会的要求;所学习的语言可能会提供更好的地位,并有可能将其用于不同的需求”(Rodriguez Bonces, 2012b, p. 180)。还有什么比通过像CLIL这样有意义的、真实的、情境化的方法来学习它更好的方法呢?正如Rodriguez Bonces (2012a)所建议的那样,CLIL增加了动机,因为“语言是用来实现真实目的的,它的使用是真实的,对学生来说更有意义”(第183页)。仅这一论点就为许多机构提供了一个可行的选择,即在课堂上寻找一些不同的东西。doi: 10.5294 / laclil.2016.9.2.1
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引用次数: 14
CLIL in Italy: A general overview CLIL在意大利:总体概述
IF 0.6 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-11-29 DOI: 10.5294/7177
Letizia Cinganotto
CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) was introduced in the Italian school system in 2003 through a Reform Law, which made it mandatory for upper secondary schools. This paper is aimed at describing the most important steps of this innovation, with the relevant implications for policymakers, teachers and students. Italy’s CLIL mandate is conceptualized as a national language education policy within the larger European plurilingualism discourse, which represents the background of this paper. After a brief overview of the main conceptual frameworks and of CLIL provision in Europe, the paper will try to describe the current status of CLIL in Italy considering the Italian educational system according to the latest legislation. Reference to the national CLIL teacher profile and to the national teacher training action will be taken. Some pilot projects involving school networks will be also mentioned. Particular attention will be devoted to CLIL implementation in “licei linguistici”, the Italian upper secondary school that is most oriented to foreign languages. Finally, some future challenges will be highlighted. doi: 10.5294/laclil.2016.9.2.6
CLIL(内容和语言综合学习)于2003年通过一项改革法引入意大利学校系统,该法律规定高中必须学习。本文旨在描述这一创新的最重要步骤,以及对政策制定者、教师和学生的相关影响。意大利的CLIL授权被概念化为更大的欧洲多语主义话语中的国家语言教育政策,这代表了本文的背景。在简要概述了欧洲的主要概念框架和CLIL规定之后,本文将根据最新立法考虑意大利的教育制度,试图描述CLIL在意大利的现状。将参照国家CLIL教师概况和国家教师培训行动。还将提到一些涉及学校网络的试点项目。将特别关注CLIL在“licei linguistici”的实施,这是最面向外语的意大利高中。最后,将强调未来的一些挑战。doi: 10.5294 / laclil.2016.9.2.6
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引用次数: 28
Is EMI enough? Perceptions from university professors and students EMI就足够了吗?来自大学教授和学生的看法
IF 0.6 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2016-11-29 DOI: 10.5294/LACLIL.2016.9.2.4
Kathleen A. Corrales, Lourdes Rey, Nazira Santiago Escamilla
Internationalization of higher education aims to develop foreign language and intercultural and international competences (IIC). To achieve this, universities worldwide have implemented strategies such as teaching content subjects in English, also known as English mediated instruction (EMI). However, there is scant research on the positive and negative aspects related to EMI implementation in Latin America. For this reason, this case study explores the perceptions of a group of computer science professors, students, and the program administrator in a Colombian university about the use of this approach in learning content and language and the development of IICs. Results revealed that implementing this initiative has benefits but also poses some challenges. Therefore, we offer recommendations related to the institution as a whole, the professors, and the students and suggest including some elements of the CLIL approach to support learning. It is hoped that these findings will contribute to the worldwide EMI/CLIL discussion, especially in Latin American where this practice is relatively new. doi: 10.5294/laclil.2016.9.2.4
高等教育的国际化旨在培养外语能力、跨文化能力和国际能力(IIC)。为了实现这一目标,世界各地的大学都实施了英语教学内容科目等策略,也被称为英语中介教学(EMI)。然而,关于拉丁美洲实施EMI的积极和消极方面的研究很少。出于这个原因,本案例研究探讨了哥伦比亚一所大学的一组计算机科学教授、学生和项目管理员对在学习内容和语言以及IICs发展中使用这种方法的看法。结果表明,实施这一倡议有好处,但也带来了一些挑战。因此,我们提供了与整个机构、教授和学生相关的建议,并建议包括CLIL方法的一些元素来支持学习。希望这些发现将有助于全球范围内的EMI/CLIL讨论,特别是在这种做法相对较新的拉丁美洲。doi: 10.5294 / laclil.2016.9.2.4
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引用次数: 39
期刊
Latin American Journal of Content & Language Integrated-LACLIL
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