In coastal areas, to take any development plan, it is important to determine the stability of the coast and coastal islands. Therefore, the present research took an initiative to illustrate the development of coastal islands in the Feni estuary of Bangladesh through Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Multi-dated Landsat images of 1978, 1989, 2014 and 2020 were used in the study. The research reveals that in 1978, 1989, 2014 and 2020, the total area of various islands in the estuary was 377,650,894 and 1063 km2, respectively. The islands show cyclical growth and erosion, but their main components have existed for decades. During the period from 1978 to 1989, 1989 to 2014 and 2014 to 2020 about 330,386 and 379 km2 of new land added to the existing land mass and about 57,142 and 210 km2 of existing land eroded, respectively. Finally, from 1978 to 2020, the size of the islands increased by about 14.64 km2 yr-1. During the same period about 110 and 40 km2 lands along the coastline were eroded and accreted, in the north-western and eastern parts of the estuary, respectively. The study further reveals that the islands of the estuary have developed over the past few decades, except Sandwip. Finally, the outputs of this study will be helpful for policy makers and planners for sustainable estuary management.
{"title":"Coastline change and coastal islands development in the Feni estuary of Bangladesh through RS and GIS","authors":"Md. Bazlar Rashid, Md. Abdur Rahman","doi":"10.3934/geosci.2022033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2022033","url":null,"abstract":"In coastal areas, to take any development plan, it is important to determine the stability of the coast and coastal islands. Therefore, the present research took an initiative to illustrate the development of coastal islands in the Feni estuary of Bangladesh through Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Multi-dated Landsat images of 1978, 1989, 2014 and 2020 were used in the study. The research reveals that in 1978, 1989, 2014 and 2020, the total area of various islands in the estuary was 377,650,894 and 1063 km2, respectively. The islands show cyclical growth and erosion, but their main components have existed for decades. During the period from 1978 to 1989, 1989 to 2014 and 2014 to 2020 about 330,386 and 379 km2 of new land added to the existing land mass and about 57,142 and 210 km2 of existing land eroded, respectively. Finally, from 1978 to 2020, the size of the islands increased by about 14.64 km2 yr-1. During the same period about 110 and 40 km2 lands along the coastline were eroded and accreted, in the north-western and eastern parts of the estuary, respectively. The study further reveals that the islands of the estuary have developed over the past few decades, except Sandwip. Finally, the outputs of this study will be helpful for policy makers and planners for sustainable estuary management.","PeriodicalId":43999,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70249984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to understand the distribution of fluorine in surface environments, also linked to fluoride deposits, this paper discusses the role of rift systems in fluorine enrichment of surface waters, with two examples: the Sardinia Island and the East African Rift. The main goal of this study is aimed to highlighting the areas that could potentially host fluorine in the surface waters in order to make it easier the lecture also for people to search and read not experts in the field, such as the biomedical field. Furthermore, potentialities and limitations of the currently available defluoridation techniques were examined, in order to identify the best intervention technology. From a careful review of the literature, to the addition of the extensive field observations in Sardinia and Ethiopia carried by the authors in the previous decades, we highlight the origin, processes and evolution of F-migration in Rift systems. The given examples of Sardinia and Ethiopia show that the origin and consequent behaviour of fluorine is strictly controlled by the rift systems. In this framework, the availability of fluorine for surface waters depends on two possible types of sources: a direct supply and an indirect supply. Directly from spring waters and ground waters fed by hydrothermal systems related to rifting, and indirectly from the leaching of products of rift-related activities, such as fluorite-bearing deposits, sedimentary or meta-sedimentary rift-related sequences, and volcanic or metavolcanic complexes emplaced along rift structures. The whole geological history of a given area must be taken into account in interpreting its present fluorine geochemistry. In conclusion, we underline the aspects of a possible control of these areas where fluoride exposure might lead to a long-term harm to local communities and we point out the nowadays best remediation-technologies, discussing their pro and cons in their applicability to different scales and social-contexts.
{"title":"The fluorine in surface waters: origin, weight on human health, and defluoridation techniques","authors":"Matteo Serra, F. Fanari, F. Desogus, P. Valera","doi":"10.3934/geosci.2022038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2022038","url":null,"abstract":"In order to understand the distribution of fluorine in surface environments, also linked to fluoride deposits, this paper discusses the role of rift systems in fluorine enrichment of surface waters, with two examples: the Sardinia Island and the East African Rift. The main goal of this study is aimed to highlighting the areas that could potentially host fluorine in the surface waters in order to make it easier the lecture also for people to search and read not experts in the field, such as the biomedical field. Furthermore, potentialities and limitations of the currently available defluoridation techniques were examined, in order to identify the best intervention technology. From a careful review of the literature, to the addition of the extensive field observations in Sardinia and Ethiopia carried by the authors in the previous decades, we highlight the origin, processes and evolution of F-migration in Rift systems. The given examples of Sardinia and Ethiopia show that the origin and consequent behaviour of fluorine is strictly controlled by the rift systems. In this framework, the availability of fluorine for surface waters depends on two possible types of sources: a direct supply and an indirect supply. Directly from spring waters and ground waters fed by hydrothermal systems related to rifting, and indirectly from the leaching of products of rift-related activities, such as fluorite-bearing deposits, sedimentary or meta-sedimentary rift-related sequences, and volcanic or metavolcanic complexes emplaced along rift structures. The whole geological history of a given area must be taken into account in interpreting its present fluorine geochemistry. In conclusion, we underline the aspects of a possible control of these areas where fluoride exposure might lead to a long-term harm to local communities and we point out the nowadays best remediation-technologies, discussing their pro and cons in their applicability to different scales and social-contexts.","PeriodicalId":43999,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70250119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research purpose is to assess and delineate groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in the saline soil area in the districts of Non-Thai, Non-Sung, Non-Daeng, Khong, and Kham Sakae Saeng, Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand, using remote sensing (RS), geographical information system (GIS), and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) techniques. The GWPZs were created by combining multiple influencing factors such as slope, landforms, annual rainfall, soil texture class, drainage density, geology, hydrogeological unit, land use/land cover, groundwater potential, and normalized difference vegetation index of the study area. The AHP technique was used to determine the weights of various thematic layers to identify the groundwater potential zone. The weights of the thematic layers in descending order consisted of hydrogeological unit (17.61%), geology (17.10%), groundwater potential (12.09%), soil texture class (12.09%), drainage density (8.55%), landforms (8.46%), land use/land cover (6.05%), slope (6.01%), annual rainfall (6.01%), and normalized difference vegetation index (6.01%), respectively. The acceptable consistency ratio (CR) is used to evaluate the reliability of AHP techniques, and which coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.7131 was used to validate the salinity data of 17 groundwater wells. The overall weightage of the AHP technique assessment was classified into 5 categories of the GWPZs including very high potential, high potential, moderate potential, poor potential, and very poor potential. The mostly groundwater quality distribution represented a moderate potential of about 1,101 km2 (46.01%) to a poor potential of about 1,114 km2 (46.57%) from the 2,390 km2 of the study area located throughout the study area especially Kham Sakae Saeng, Non-Thai, and Non-Sung districts.
{"title":"Assessment of groundwater potential zones and mapping using GIS/RS techniques and analytic hierarchy process: A case study on saline soil area, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand","authors":"Watcharin Phoemphon, B. Terakulsatit","doi":"10.3934/geosci.2023004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2023004","url":null,"abstract":"The research purpose is to assess and delineate groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in the saline soil area in the districts of Non-Thai, Non-Sung, Non-Daeng, Khong, and Kham Sakae Saeng, Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand, using remote sensing (RS), geographical information system (GIS), and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) techniques. The GWPZs were created by combining multiple influencing factors such as slope, landforms, annual rainfall, soil texture class, drainage density, geology, hydrogeological unit, land use/land cover, groundwater potential, and normalized difference vegetation index of the study area. The AHP technique was used to determine the weights of various thematic layers to identify the groundwater potential zone. The weights of the thematic layers in descending order consisted of hydrogeological unit (17.61%), geology (17.10%), groundwater potential (12.09%), soil texture class (12.09%), drainage density (8.55%), landforms (8.46%), land use/land cover (6.05%), slope (6.01%), annual rainfall (6.01%), and normalized difference vegetation index (6.01%), respectively. The acceptable consistency ratio (CR) is used to evaluate the reliability of AHP techniques, and which coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.7131 was used to validate the salinity data of 17 groundwater wells. The overall weightage of the AHP technique assessment was classified into 5 categories of the GWPZs including very high potential, high potential, moderate potential, poor potential, and very poor potential. The mostly groundwater quality distribution represented a moderate potential of about 1,101 km2 (46.01%) to a poor potential of about 1,114 km2 (46.57%) from the 2,390 km2 of the study area located throughout the study area especially Kham Sakae Saeng, Non-Thai, and Non-Sung districts.","PeriodicalId":43999,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70250300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background SARS-CoV-2 or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, is a virus that causes severe respiratory illness, also known as COVID-19, is a global pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus, firstly reported China (Wuhan City) on Dec, 2019. In India, Kerala is the first state in which the COVID-19 first case has registered which has raised to three cases by 3 Feb, 2020. Purpose The aim of this research is to map the impact and assessment of the COVID 19 pandemic situation using geospatial technology in Rajasthan and suggest various measures to control the pandemic situation. Objectives (a) Assessing and mapping the affected parts of Rajasthan and evaluating the risk of the pandemic on tourism, and (b) Initially tracking and forecasting the cases of COVID-19 in the study area. Methodology The methodology consists of four main phases. In the first phase understanding the risk of the pandemic situation at three primary levels i.e. risk analysis, risk evaluation, risk management after that, second step is to identify the target risk zones of COVID-19 cases using geospatial technology based on bulk screening. Assessment and mapping of pandemic risk is the third phase. In the fourth phase, treatment of the risk and evaluation of future occurrence possibilities. Result COVID 19 pandemic is the greatest threat globally. Geospatial technology provides valuable support in assessing and mapping the risk of COVID 19 cases in Rajasthan at the initial level. Conclusion This study shows that the geospatial technique contributes very significantly in detecting pre and post COVID 19 pandemic conditions and helps in proper decision-making, not only in Rajasthan but also in the entire world.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on tourism sector: a case study of Rajasthan, India","authors":"Rajeev Singh Chandel, S. Kanga, S. Singh","doi":"10.3934/geosci.2021014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2021014","url":null,"abstract":"Background SARS-CoV-2 or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, is a virus that causes severe respiratory illness, also known as COVID-19, is a global pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus, firstly reported China (Wuhan City) on Dec, 2019. In India, Kerala is the first state in which the COVID-19 first case has registered which has raised to three cases by 3 Feb, 2020. Purpose The aim of this research is to map the impact and assessment of the COVID 19 pandemic situation using geospatial technology in Rajasthan and suggest various measures to control the pandemic situation. Objectives (a) Assessing and mapping the affected parts of Rajasthan and evaluating the risk of the pandemic on tourism, and (b) Initially tracking and forecasting the cases of COVID-19 in the study area. Methodology The methodology consists of four main phases. In the first phase understanding the risk of the pandemic situation at three primary levels i.e. risk analysis, risk evaluation, risk management after that, second step is to identify the target risk zones of COVID-19 cases using geospatial technology based on bulk screening. Assessment and mapping of pandemic risk is the third phase. In the fourth phase, treatment of the risk and evaluation of future occurrence possibilities. Result COVID 19 pandemic is the greatest threat globally. Geospatial technology provides valuable support in assessing and mapping the risk of COVID 19 cases in Rajasthan at the initial level. Conclusion This study shows that the geospatial technique contributes very significantly in detecting pre and post COVID 19 pandemic conditions and helps in proper decision-making, not only in Rajasthan but also in the entire world.","PeriodicalId":43999,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41548928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-08DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-200536/V1
C. Ibebuchi
The influence of large-scale circulation patterns on the track and formation of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the Mozambique Channel is investigated in this paper. The output of the hourly classification of circulation types (CTs), in Africa, south of the equator, using rotated principal component analysis on the T-mode matrix (variable is time series and observation is grid points) of sea level pressure (SLP) from ERA5 reanalysis from 2010 to 2019 was used to investigate the time development of the CTs at a sub-daily scale. The result showed that at specific seasons, certain CTs can persist for a longer time so that their features overlap with other CTs. CTs with synoptic features favorable for the development of TC in the Mozambique Channel were noted. The 2019 TC season in the Mozambique Channel characterized by TC Idai in March and TC Kenneth afterward in April was used in evaluating how the CTs designated to have TC characteristics played role in the formation and track of the TCs towards their maximum intensity. The results were discussed and it generally showed that large-scale circulation patterns might influence the formation and track of the TCs in the Mozambique Channel especially through the different modes of variability associated with the western branch of the Mascarene high.
{"title":"Can synoptic patterns influence the track and formation of tropical cyclones in the Mozambique Channel?","authors":"C. Ibebuchi","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-200536/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-200536/V1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The influence of large-scale circulation patterns on the track and formation of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the Mozambique Channel is investigated in this paper. The output of the hourly classification of circulation types (CTs), in Africa, south of the equator, using rotated principal component analysis on the T-mode matrix (variable is time series and observation is grid points) of sea level pressure (SLP) from ERA5 reanalysis from 2010 to 2019 was used to investigate the time development of the CTs at a sub-daily scale. The result showed that at specific seasons, certain CTs can persist for a longer time so that their features overlap with other CTs. CTs with synoptic features favorable for the development of TC in the Mozambique Channel were noted. The 2019 TC season in the Mozambique Channel characterized by TC Idai in March and TC Kenneth afterward in April was used in evaluating how the CTs designated to have TC characteristics played role in the formation and track of the TCs towards their maximum intensity. The results were discussed and it generally showed that large-scale circulation patterns might influence the formation and track of the TCs in the Mozambique Channel especially through the different modes of variability associated with the western branch of the Mascarene high.","PeriodicalId":43999,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45011621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper is devoted to joint application of 3D seismic survey and well logging techniques to study oil and gas presence in Maykop deposits in Naftalan oil field. The field is located in Naftalan-Northern Naftalan area of Ganja oil and gas province, Azerbaijan. The paper brings data about Naftalan field, the ancient brachianticline type of field in Azerbaijan. The paper also considers the history of study of the field by use of geological and geophysical techniques. Despite the studies cover the area since 1873, the oil and gas presence in Maykop has not been studied sufficiently due to sparse network of wells and insufficient amount of core samples. To avoid this gap the results of previous studies have been revised. Joint interpretation of well logging data acquired from 22 wells and data of 3D seismic survey covering the area has been done. On the basis of oil-saturation cube, we have designed the map (the area between the top and the foot of I horizon of Maykop) and 3D model of target interval. It has been defined that uneven distribution of oil saturation and poor oil recovery depends also on sedimentation environment, characterized by rapid subsidence of the basin and increasing amount of clay in the process of sedimentation. Our studies revealed that the average value of oil saturation varies as 0.5–0.6 and increases towards the North-East of the study area. In the final stage of the study we have presented the oil saturation cube and the map drawn on the basis of this cube.
{"title":"Joint analysis of seismic and well log data applied for prediction of oil presence in Maykop deposits in Naftalan area","authors":"M. Aghayeva","doi":"10.3934/geosci.2021020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2021020","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is devoted to joint application of 3D seismic survey and well logging techniques to study oil and gas presence in Maykop deposits in Naftalan oil field. The field is located in Naftalan-Northern Naftalan area of Ganja oil and gas province, Azerbaijan. The paper brings data about Naftalan field, the ancient brachianticline type of field in Azerbaijan. The paper also considers the history of study of the field by use of geological and geophysical techniques. Despite the studies cover the area since 1873, the oil and gas presence in Maykop has not been studied sufficiently due to sparse network of wells and insufficient amount of core samples. To avoid this gap the results of previous studies have been revised. Joint interpretation of well logging data acquired from 22 wells and data of 3D seismic survey covering the area has been done. On the basis of oil-saturation cube, we have designed the map (the area between the top and the foot of I horizon of Maykop) and 3D model of target interval. It has been defined that uneven distribution of oil saturation and poor oil recovery depends also on sedimentation environment, characterized by rapid subsidence of the basin and increasing amount of clay in the process of sedimentation. Our studies revealed that the average value of oil saturation varies as 0.5–0.6 and increases towards the North-East of the study area. In the final stage of the study we have presented the oil saturation cube and the map drawn on the basis of this cube.","PeriodicalId":43999,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70249236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines our understanding of climate change, as well as the reluctance of industrial societies to deal with the drivers, especially the burning of the fossil fuels, before the future consequences become catastrophic. We describe how the energy balance of the Earth, oceans, land and Arctic sea ice are maintained, and how climate is warming and changing with increases in the three most important greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels, water vapor from evaporation off a warmer ocean, and methane from several sources. We discuss the Earth's water cycle and the role of evaporation, latent heat and condensation in driving storms, transporting energy poleward and giving increasing precipitation extremes, floods, droughts and fires. We review the increasing challenge of meeting human demand for water as water tables are falling globally from increased pumping, and winter snowpack storage is shrinking. We discuss rising sea level, the challenges of long-term carbon storage and the lessons from the past four ice age cycles. The text is written for scientific and public audiences, both global and in the US, so metric and US units are given. The social, moral and ethical choices are mapped by contrasting the Earth-centered indigenous worldview needed for our survival with the industrial mindset that is willing to destroy a stable climate to keep the profits of the current economy growing. We review the long history of the misuse of human power, the rise of science and technology without a guiding moral framework, and how neoliberal capitalism by default makes choices that are driving rapid climate change. We outline how deceit by the matrix of corporations and fossil fuel interests that we call the Fossil Empire has prevented government regulation for decades and accelerated the climate crisis.
{"title":"Climate change and society","authors":"A. Betts","doi":"10.3934/GEOSCI.2021012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/GEOSCI.2021012","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines our understanding of climate change, as well as the reluctance of industrial societies to deal with the drivers, especially the burning of the fossil fuels, before the future consequences become catastrophic. We describe how the energy balance of the Earth, oceans, land and Arctic sea ice are maintained, and how climate is warming and changing with increases in the three most important greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels, water vapor from evaporation off a warmer ocean, and methane from several sources. We discuss the Earth's water cycle and the role of evaporation, latent heat and condensation in driving storms, transporting energy poleward and giving increasing precipitation extremes, floods, droughts and fires. We review the increasing challenge of meeting human demand for water as water tables are falling globally from increased pumping, and winter snowpack storage is shrinking. We discuss rising sea level, the challenges of long-term carbon storage and the lessons from the past four ice age cycles. The text is written for scientific and public audiences, both global and in the US, so metric and US units are given. The social, moral and ethical choices are mapped by contrasting the Earth-centered indigenous worldview needed for our survival with the industrial mindset that is willing to destroy a stable climate to keep the profits of the current economy growing. We review the long history of the misuse of human power, the rise of science and technology without a guiding moral framework, and how neoliberal capitalism by default makes choices that are driving rapid climate change. We outline how deceit by the matrix of corporations and fossil fuel interests that we call the Fossil Empire has prevented government regulation for decades and accelerated the climate crisis.","PeriodicalId":43999,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70249558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The contribution focuses on the role of cities in the implementation of the so-called Green Deal, the ambitious program proposed by the European Commission, in accordance with the objectives set by the Paris Agreements, to implement the use of clean energy resources, favour the circular economy, restore biodiversity and reduce pollution. The Plan, which for the seven-year period 2021-2027 has a budget of economic resources of 100 billion Euro, aims to involve in transcalar perspective all territorial and administrative levels of the Member States and thus contribute to the achievement, in 2050, of climate neutrality. The main objective of the work is then to concentrate, with descriptive intent, on the policies that, in Italy, are being activated at local level in coherence with the European perspectives. In particular, reference will be made to the initiatives proposed and sponsored in Italy by the Committee of the Regions of which a critical overview is proposed. A further reflection will be dedicated to how digital innovation is called to support the macro-policies of energy transition in the EU.
{"title":"The role of the committee of the regions (CoR) to implement the Green Deal at the local level: an overview of Italy","authors":"G. Messina","doi":"10.3934/geosci.2021037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2021037","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution focuses on the role of cities in the implementation of the so-called Green Deal, the ambitious program proposed by the European Commission, in accordance with the objectives set by the Paris Agreements, to implement the use of clean energy resources, favour the circular economy, restore biodiversity and reduce pollution. The Plan, which for the seven-year period 2021-2027 has a budget of economic resources of 100 billion Euro, aims to involve in transcalar perspective all territorial and administrative levels of the Member States and thus contribute to the achievement, in 2050, of climate neutrality. The main objective of the work is then to concentrate, with descriptive intent, on the policies that, in Italy, are being activated at local level in coherence with the European perspectives. In particular, reference will be made to the initiatives proposed and sponsored in Italy by the Committee of the Regions of which a critical overview is proposed. A further reflection will be dedicated to how digital innovation is called to support the macro-policies of energy transition in the EU.","PeriodicalId":43999,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70249425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A previously unknown relationship between the tidal forces and aa index is shown and used to discuss when the next maximum of the annual aa index is expected to occur.
显示了潮汐力和aa指数之间以前未知的关系，并用于讨论预计aa指数的下一个最大值何时出现。
{"title":"On the relationship between the aa index and tidal forces","authors":"M. Kovalyov","doi":"10.3934/geosci.2021034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2021034","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>A previously unknown relationship between the tidal forces and aa index is shown and used to discuss when the next maximum of the annual aa index is expected to occur.</p></abstract>","PeriodicalId":43999,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70249321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aa. Shah, A. Rajasekharan, N. Batmanathan, Zainul Farhan, Qibah Reduan, JN Malik
Our recent mapping of the Dras fault zone in the NW Himalaya has answered one of the most anticipated searches in recent times where strike-slip faulting was expected from the geodetic studies. Therefore, the discovery of the fault is a leap towards the understanding of the causes of active faulting in the region, and how the plate tectonic convergence between India and Eurasia is compensated in the interior portions of the Himalayan collision zone, and what does that imply about the overall convergence budget and the associated earthquake hazards. The present work is an extended version of our previous studies on the mapping of the Dras fault zone, and we show details that were either not available or briefly touched. We have used the 30 m shuttle radar topography to map the tectonic geomorphological features that includes the fault scarps, deflected drainage, triangular facets, ridge crests, faulted Quaternary landforms and so on. The results show that oblique strike-slip faulting is active in the suture zone, which suggests that the active crustal deformation is actively compensated in the interior portions of the orogen, and it is not just restricted to the frontal portions. The Dras fault is a major fault that we have interpreted either as a south dipping oblique backthrust or an oblique north dipping normal fault. The fieldwork was conducted in Leh, but it did not reveal any evidence for active faulting, and the fieldwork in the Dras region was not possible because of the politically sensitive nature of border regions where fieldwork is always an uphill task.
{"title":"Detailed tectonic geomorphology of the Dras fault zone, NW Himalaya","authors":"Aa. Shah, A. Rajasekharan, N. Batmanathan, Zainul Farhan, Qibah Reduan, JN Malik","doi":"10.3934/geosci.2021023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2021023","url":null,"abstract":"Our recent mapping of the Dras fault zone in the NW Himalaya has answered one of the most anticipated searches in recent times where strike-slip faulting was expected from the geodetic studies. Therefore, the discovery of the fault is a leap towards the understanding of the causes of active faulting in the region, and how the plate tectonic convergence between India and Eurasia is compensated in the interior portions of the Himalayan collision zone, and what does that imply about the overall convergence budget and the associated earthquake hazards. The present work is an extended version of our previous studies on the mapping of the Dras fault zone, and we show details that were either not available or briefly touched. We have used the 30 m shuttle radar topography to map the tectonic geomorphological features that includes the fault scarps, deflected drainage, triangular facets, ridge crests, faulted Quaternary landforms and so on. The results show that oblique strike-slip faulting is active in the suture zone, which suggests that the active crustal deformation is actively compensated in the interior portions of the orogen, and it is not just restricted to the frontal portions. The Dras fault is a major fault that we have interpreted either as a south dipping oblique backthrust or an oblique north dipping normal fault. The fieldwork was conducted in Leh, but it did not reveal any evidence for active faulting, and the fieldwork in the Dras region was not possible because of the politically sensitive nature of border regions where fieldwork is always an uphill task.","PeriodicalId":43999,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70249329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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