GEROLER hydraulic motors are known for their good value for money and their balance between simplicity, robustness, compactness, versatility and noise. Compared to axial hydraulic motors, GEROLER motors still represent a research area with the possibility of a significant contribution in terms of nonlinear dynamic behavior analysis. The aim of this research was experimental analysis of GEROLER motor dynamics at uneven load torque. Based on the obtained laboratory measurements, a black-box model for predicting the operating parameters using the artificial neural networks was developed. Two different neural network architectures were used: the simpler static multilayer feed-forward network and the more complex dynamic NARX neural network. From the obtained results, it appears that the multilayer feed-forward neural network provides acceptable results, while the dynamic NARX neural network provides more favorable results due to its flexibility in dealing with nonlinear dynamic systems. The research conducted represents a new approach for modeling and predictive analysis of the GEROLER engine.
{"title":"Modeling and predictive analysis of the hydraulic GEROLER motor based on artificial neural network","authors":"G. Gregov","doi":"10.30765/er.1813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1813","url":null,"abstract":"GEROLER hydraulic motors are known for their good value for money and their balance between simplicity, robustness, compactness, versatility and noise. Compared to axial hydraulic motors, GEROLER motors still represent a research area with the possibility of a significant contribution in terms of nonlinear dynamic behavior analysis. The aim of this research was experimental analysis of GEROLER motor dynamics at uneven load torque. Based on the obtained laboratory measurements, a black-box model for predicting the operating parameters using the artificial neural networks was developed. Two different neural network architectures were used: the simpler static multilayer feed-forward network and the more complex dynamic NARX neural network. From the obtained results, it appears that the multilayer feed-forward neural network provides acceptable results, while the dynamic NARX neural network provides more favorable results due to its flexibility in dealing with nonlinear dynamic systems. The research conducted represents a new approach for modeling and predictive analysis of the GEROLER engine.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Salami, Pierre Akuété Agbessi, A. Ajavon, Seibou Boureima
The distribution of wind speed and the optimal assessment of wind energy potential are very important factors when selecting a suitable site for a wind power plant. In wind farm design projects for the supply of electrical energy, designers use the Weibull distribution law to analyse the characteristics and variations of wind speed in order to evaluate the wind potential. In our study we used two approaches, namely, the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) approach and the Support Vector Machine (SVR) approach to determine a distribution law of wind speeds and to optimally evaluate the wind potential. These two approaches were compared to two well-known numerical methods which are the Justus Empirical Method (EMJ) and the Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM). The results show that the neural network approach produces a better fit of the distribution curve with an Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.00005016 at Lomé, 0.000040289 at Cotonou site and a more interesting estimate of the wind potential. After that SVR show a better result too with an RMSE of 0.0095618 at the Lomé site and 0.0053549 at the Cotonou site.
{"title":"Wind energy potential estimation using neural network and SVR approaches","authors":"A. A. Salami, Pierre Akuété Agbessi, A. Ajavon, Seibou Boureima","doi":"10.30765/er.1632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1632","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of wind speed and the optimal assessment of wind energy potential are very important factors when selecting a suitable site for a wind power plant. In wind farm design projects for the supply of electrical energy, designers use the Weibull distribution law to analyse the characteristics and variations of wind speed in order to evaluate the wind potential. In our study we used two approaches, namely, the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) approach and the Support Vector Machine (SVR) approach to determine a distribution law of wind speeds and to optimally evaluate the wind potential. These two approaches were compared to two well-known numerical methods which are the Justus Empirical Method (EMJ) and the Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM). The results show that the neural network approach produces a better fit of the distribution curve with an Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.00005016 at Lomé, 0.000040289 at Cotonou site and a more interesting estimate of the wind potential. After that SVR show a better result too with an RMSE of 0.0095618 at the Lomé site and 0.0053549 at the Cotonou site.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aluminum alloys possess a high strength-to-weight ratio and good corrosion resistance making them suitable for various structural parts and components used in the aerospace industry. However, the principal barrier restricting their use is their weldability. This experimental study addresses the issues in joining of dissimilar aerospace aluminum alloys. In this work, friction stir welding (FSW) of dissimilar high strength alloys AA2014 and AA7075 has been carried out and the effect of welding parameters has been studied to obtain defect-free high strength welds. Detailed statistical analysis was performed and suitable regression models were developed for prediction and optimization. Multi-objective optimization has been carried out by employing the desirability function to determine the optimal condition for defect-free welds with adequate mechanical properties. Microstructure and fracture surface of the optimum weld was also studied and compared with the lowest and highest heat input welded joints.
{"title":"Modeling and optimization of process parameters for friction stir welding of dissimilar aerospace alloys AA2014 and AA7075","authors":"R. Kumar, V. Upadhyay, C. Sharma","doi":"10.30765/er.1778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1778","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum alloys possess a high strength-to-weight ratio and good corrosion resistance making them suitable for various structural parts and components used in the aerospace industry. However, the principal barrier restricting their use is their weldability. This experimental study addresses the issues in joining of dissimilar aerospace aluminum alloys. In this work, friction stir welding (FSW) of dissimilar high strength alloys AA2014 and AA7075 has been carried out and the effect of welding parameters has been studied to obtain defect-free high strength welds. Detailed statistical analysis was performed and suitable regression models were developed for prediction and optimization. Multi-objective optimization has been carried out by employing the desirability function to determine the optimal condition for defect-free welds with adequate mechanical properties. Microstructure and fracture surface of the optimum weld was also studied and compared with the lowest and highest heat input welded joints.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study is to present a new design for an electronically tunable instrumentation amplifier. The current-mode design approach is used for the proposed circuit. The proposed current-mode instrumentation amplifier employs a single Extra-X Current Controlled Current Conveyor (EX-CCCII) and a grounded resistor. This circuit design is very simple and suitable for IC integration. Because of the circuit's high output impedance, it can be cascaded with other current-mode circuits without the need for a buffer. In addition, this circuit is electronically tunable with the bias current from EX-CCCII. The proposed instrumentation amplifier provides good frequency performance with a wide bandwidth for differential gain and CMRR. The effects of non-idealities of EX-CCCII and its parasitic elements are also analysed. To validate the proposed instrumentation amplifier, various simulations are performed with the CADENCE VIRTUOSO SPECTRE simulator using 0.18 µm CMOS technology parameters.
{"title":"Single EX-CCCII based electronically tunable current mode instrumentation amplifier","authors":"Priyanka Singh, R. Nagaria","doi":"10.30765/er.1954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1954","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to present a new design for an electronically tunable instrumentation amplifier. The current-mode design approach is used for the proposed circuit. The proposed current-mode instrumentation amplifier employs a single Extra-X Current Controlled Current Conveyor (EX-CCCII) and a grounded resistor. This circuit design is very simple and suitable for IC integration. Because of the circuit's high output impedance, it can be cascaded with other current-mode circuits without the need for a buffer. In addition, this circuit is electronically tunable with the bias current from EX-CCCII. The proposed instrumentation amplifier provides good frequency performance with a wide bandwidth for differential gain and CMRR. The effects of non-idealities of EX-CCCII and its parasitic elements are also analysed. To validate the proposed instrumentation amplifier, various simulations are performed with the CADENCE VIRTUOSO SPECTRE simulator using 0.18 µm CMOS technology parameters.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most significant difficulties in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is energy efficiency, as they rely on minuscule batteries that cannot be replaced or recharged. In battery-operated networks, energy must be used efficiently. Network lifetime is an important metric for battery-powered networks. There are several approaches to improve network lifetime, such as data aggregation, clustering, topology, scheduling, rate allocation, routing, and mobile relay. Therefore, in this paper, the authors present a method that aims to improve the lifetime of WSN nodes using a greedy algorithm. The proposed Greedy Algorithm method is used to extend the network lifetime by dividing the sensors into a number of disjoint groups while satisfying the coverage requirements. The proposed Greedy algorithm has improved the network lifetime compared to heuristic algorithms. The method was able to generate a larger number of disjoint groups.
{"title":"An energy efficient coverage guaranteed greedy algorithm for wireless sensor networks lifetime enhancement","authors":"Berhan Oumer Adame, Eyayaw Zewdu, A. Salau","doi":"10.30765/er.1900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1900","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most significant difficulties in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is energy efficiency, as they rely on minuscule batteries that cannot be replaced or recharged. In battery-operated networks, energy must be used efficiently. Network lifetime is an important metric for battery-powered networks. There are several approaches to improve network lifetime, such as data aggregation, clustering, topology, scheduling, rate allocation, routing, and mobile relay. Therefore, in this paper, the authors present a method that aims to improve the lifetime of WSN nodes using a greedy algorithm. The proposed Greedy Algorithm method is used to extend the network lifetime by dividing the sensors into a number of disjoint groups while satisfying the coverage requirements. The proposed Greedy algorithm has improved the network lifetime compared to heuristic algorithms. The method was able to generate a larger number of disjoint groups.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper aims to model ultrasonic effects such as temporary softening and residual hardening. While temporary softening is observed during simultaneous action of mechanical forces and ultrasound, residual hardening manifests itself after switching off the ultrasound. The analytical description of these phenomena is conducted in terms of the synthetic theory of irrecoverable deformation. The model results show good agreement with experimental data obtained for the ultrasound-assisted compression of pure aluminum.
{"title":"Ultrasonic temporary softening and residual hardening","authors":"Ali H. Alhilfi, A. Rusinko","doi":"10.30765/er.1869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1869","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper aims to model ultrasonic effects such as temporary softening and residual hardening. While temporary softening is observed during simultaneous action of mechanical forces and ultrasound, residual hardening manifests itself after switching off the ultrasound. The analytical description of these phenomena is conducted in terms of the synthetic theory of irrecoverable deformation. The model results show good agreement with experimental data obtained for the ultrasound-assisted compression of pure aluminum.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Younes Tamissa, F. Charif, F. Kadri, A. Benchabane
Nowadays, feeding induction motors with voltage source inverters under faulty conditions is a major challenge. For this reason, electrical systems must be well thought out to provide good diagnostics for these elements. Consequently, the early detection of faults is very important to establish strategies that allow us to control the operation and take preventive measures to avoid frequent failures. Our aim in this paper is to train multilayer neural networks using features extracted from currents and voltages measurements to detect and classify open and short-circuit switch faults in source voltage inverters. Simulation results show that instead of using several types of features extracted from measurements of several signal cycles as in previous works, a two-component feature obtained from one cycle is sufficient to obtain an excellent accuracy. The normalized mean Clark currents and the power spectrum using the fast Fourier transform have been used as features for open switches and short-circuit faults respectively.
{"title":"Pattern recognition and diagnosis of short and open circuit faults inverter in induction motor drive using neural networks","authors":"Younes Tamissa, F. Charif, F. Kadri, A. Benchabane","doi":"10.30765/er.1949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1949","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, feeding induction motors with voltage source inverters under faulty conditions is a major challenge. For this reason, electrical systems must be well thought out to provide good diagnostics for these elements. Consequently, the early detection of faults is very important to establish strategies that allow us to control the operation and take preventive measures to avoid frequent failures. Our aim in this paper is to train multilayer neural networks using features extracted from currents and voltages measurements to detect and classify open and short-circuit switch faults in source voltage inverters. Simulation results show that instead of using several types of features extracted from measurements of several signal cycles as in previous works, a two-component feature obtained from one cycle is sufficient to obtain an excellent accuracy. The normalized mean Clark currents and the power spectrum using the fast Fourier transform have been used as features for open switches and short-circuit faults respectively.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rocking stability of a rigid prismatic block standing on a rigid base subject to a simple harmonic acceleration function is still an important dynamics problem, in which energy loss is often not treated accurately enough. The energy loss at impacts during rocking is here examined. The stability for various slendernesses and sizes of a rocking block is assessed numerically, where an improved coefficient capable of estimating the size effect is considered. A number of relevant cases are validated experimentally, with a specially designed set of well-controlled and documented rocking benchmark tests on a shaking table system.
{"title":"Numerical and experimental investigation of rocking stability of rigid blocks during single sine-wave excitation","authors":"N. Čeh, G. Jelenić","doi":"10.30765/er.1950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1950","url":null,"abstract":"Rocking stability of a rigid prismatic block standing on a rigid base subject to a simple harmonic acceleration function is still an important dynamics problem, in which energy loss is often not treated accurately enough. The energy loss at impacts during rocking is here examined. The stability for various slendernesses and sizes of a rocking block is assessed numerically, where an improved coefficient capable of estimating the size effect is considered. A number of relevant cases are validated experimentally, with a specially designed set of well-controlled and documented rocking benchmark tests on a shaking table system.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy supply remains the greatest challenge for many of Eastern European countries and their economy. In post-soviet and ex-Yugoslavian countries, till today there exists a system where some of the power plants rely on high voltage (HV) and medium voltage (MV) power grids in the process of distribution of electric energy (EE) to final consumers. This makes them vulnerable to solar storms due to HV power transformers which are especially sensitive to geomagnetic induced current (GIC). The acquisition of electrical power infrastructure could put the electrical infrastructure out of service from a couple of months to a year or more. Loss of income, for ordinary families, is a primary hazard of a long power outage. Business continuity of industry and other critical infrastructures (CI) is important in this scenario, but it is a significant challenge for small businesses and enterprises as well. This paper introduces ISO 31000 standard to such scenarios with the primary goal of achieving resilience of companies against such disaster as a new method of vial response to avoid scope of similar hazards.
{"title":"Risk assessment of a solar attack according to ISO 31000 standard","authors":"Igor Lavrnić, A. Bašić, D. Viduka","doi":"10.30765/er.1566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1566","url":null,"abstract":"Energy supply remains the greatest challenge for many of Eastern European countries and their economy. In post-soviet and ex-Yugoslavian countries, till today there exists a system where some of the power plants rely on high voltage (HV) and medium voltage (MV) power grids in the process of distribution of electric energy (EE) to final consumers. This makes them vulnerable to solar storms due to HV power transformers which are especially sensitive to geomagnetic induced current (GIC). The acquisition of electrical power infrastructure could put the electrical infrastructure out of service from a couple of months to a year or more. Loss of income, for ordinary families, is a primary hazard of a long power outage. Business continuity of industry and other critical infrastructures (CI) is important in this scenario, but it is a significant challenge for small businesses and enterprises as well. This paper introduces ISO 31000 standard to such scenarios with the primary goal of achieving resilience of companies against such disaster as a new method of vial response to avoid scope of similar hazards.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49103168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Image inpainting is the art of manipulating an image so that it is visually unrecognizable way. A considerable amount of research has been done in this area over the last few years. However, the state of art techniques does suffer from computational complexities and plausible results. This paper proposes a multi-level image pyramid-based image inpainting algorithm. The image inpainting algorithm starts with the coarsest level of the image pyramid and overpainting information is transferred to the subsequent levels until the bottom level gets inpainted. The search strategy used in the algorithm is based on hashing the coherent information in an image which makes the search fast and accurate. Also, the search space is constrained based on the propagated information thereby reducing the complexity of the algorithm. Compared to other inpainting methods; the proposed algorithm inpaints the target region with better plausibility and human vision conformation. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better results as compared to other inpainting techniques.
{"title":"A novel image inpainting framework based on multilevel image pyramids","authors":"Md. Salman R. Bombaywala, C. Paunwala","doi":"10.30765/er.1405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1405","url":null,"abstract":"Image inpainting is the art of manipulating an image so that it is visually unrecognizable way. A considerable amount of research has been done in this area over the last few years. However, the state of art techniques does suffer from computational complexities and plausible results. This paper proposes a multi-level image pyramid-based image inpainting algorithm. The image inpainting algorithm starts with the coarsest level of the image pyramid and overpainting information is transferred to the subsequent levels until the bottom level gets inpainted. The search strategy used in the algorithm is based on hashing the coherent information in an image which makes the search fast and accurate. Also, the search space is constrained based on the propagated information thereby reducing the complexity of the algorithm. Compared to other inpainting methods; the proposed algorithm inpaints the target region with better plausibility and human vision conformation. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better results as compared to other inpainting techniques.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47006252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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