This study examines air, recycled plastic grains, fibers from rubber shreds and sawdust fibers as sound insulation materials to attenuate sound produced from continuous working lab fatigue test machine. These waste materials are filled in between a double glazed-aluminum framed box. The sound attenuation is tested at three studied 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m distances. Since the sound wave is propagated in three dimensions, the experimental work is employed in four upper, fronts, motor and sample fixture side directions. Moreover, the study is extended to examine temperature increase due to enclosing. Tests of sound level are carried out with closed and opened inlet and outlet designed slotting according to a box size. Gradual sound attenuation reaches 18, 20, 22 and 25% for air, plastic grains, rubber and sawdust fibers, respectively. The present work proves that waste materials are efficient in noise removal from sound sources. Also, they help the environment cleanliness from synthetic disposable bottles and tires as well as bio-wood wastes and assist the sustainability of earth.
{"title":"Effect of different types of waste materials used between double glazing box to isolate fatigue test machine noise","authors":"S. Almuradi","doi":"10.30765/ER.1407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/ER.1407","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines air, recycled plastic grains, fibers from rubber shreds and sawdust fibers as sound insulation materials to attenuate sound produced from continuous working lab fatigue test machine. These waste materials are filled in between a double glazed-aluminum framed box. The sound attenuation is tested at three studied 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m distances. Since the sound wave is propagated in three dimensions, the experimental work is employed in four upper, fronts, motor and sample fixture side directions. Moreover, the study is extended to examine temperature increase due to enclosing. Tests of sound level are carried out with closed and opened inlet and outlet designed slotting according to a box size. Gradual sound attenuation reaches 18, 20, 22 and 25% for air, plastic grains, rubber and sawdust fibers, respectively. The present work proves that waste materials are efficient in noise removal from sound sources. Also, they help the environment cleanliness from synthetic disposable bottles and tires as well as bio-wood wastes and assist the sustainability of earth.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ignatiev, P. Kononov, D. Levashov, E. K. Muratbakeev, Konstantin O. Glazunov
An adequate computer model of the process of rolling flange details with inclined rolls has been built in the software package DEFORM-3D. The analysis of the stress-strain state of a detail with a flange was performed. The rheological properties of the alloy L63 (62-65% Cu, 34.5-38% Zn) were experimentally studied. Value limits of the Cockcroft-Latham fracture criterion for the alloy L63 are determined.
{"title":"Computer simulation of deformation and fracture conditions during the detail rolling with a flange with inclined rolls","authors":"S. Ignatiev, P. Kononov, D. Levashov, E. K. Muratbakeev, Konstantin O. Glazunov","doi":"10.30765/er.1483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1483","url":null,"abstract":"An adequate computer model of the process of rolling flange details with inclined rolls has been built in the software package DEFORM-3D. The analysis of the stress-strain state of a detail with a flange was performed. The rheological properties of the alloy L63 (62-65% Cu, 34.5-38% Zn) were experimentally studied. Value limits of the Cockcroft-Latham fracture criterion for the alloy L63 are determined.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the research on reliability of high-speed radial marine diesel engine Zvijezda M 504 B2 based on experimental data of malfunctions on the engine and time required for repair. Exploitation reliability and failure intensity were calculated from operational data collected from the engine log book. Results were tested by computer program to determine the relevance of the obtained results. Mathematically calculated reliability model of high-speed radial marine diesel engine Zvijezda M 504 B2 showed continuous increasing function of the intensity of failure and the fact that the reliability of the engine can be reliably approximated by Weibull distribution. Based on the obtained results it has been shown that this distribution, regardless of its complexity, should be used in practice when calculating reliability of engines with similar constant and growing malfunction’s intensity. The conclusion is that proposed distribution enables a better depiction of the observed technical system and the impact of aging of components on the system reliability.
{"title":"Research, processing and analysis of exploitation reliability results of high-speed radial diesel engine","authors":"Luka Mihanović, Hrvoje Karna, D. Matika","doi":"10.30765/ER.1580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/ER.1580","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the research on reliability of high-speed radial marine diesel engine Zvijezda M 504 B2 based on experimental data of malfunctions on the engine and time required for repair. Exploitation reliability and failure intensity were calculated from operational data collected from the engine log book. Results were tested by computer program to determine the relevance of the obtained results. Mathematically calculated reliability model of high-speed radial marine diesel engine Zvijezda M 504 B2 showed continuous increasing function of the intensity of failure and the fact that the reliability of the engine can be reliably approximated by Weibull distribution. Based on the obtained results it has been shown that this distribution, regardless of its complexity, should be used in practice when calculating reliability of engines with similar constant and growing malfunction’s intensity. The conclusion is that proposed distribution enables a better depiction of the observed technical system and the impact of aging of components on the system reliability.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of hydrodynamics on ion exchange in a batch reactor is still not appropriately studied even though proper mixing parameters may considerably affect the process of solid suspension and its costs. In this work, hydrodynamic conditions generated by straight blade turbine (SBT) impellers on suspension in the batch reactor with and without baffles were investigated. The aim of this work was to analyze influence of impeller diameter and zeolite mass on just suspended impeller speed, (NJS) power consumption, maximum amount of copper exchanged onto zeolite NaX and copper exchange kinetics as well. All experiments were conducted at the same temperature, initial concentration of the copper solution and zeolite particle size. The obtained results showed that just suspended impeller speed decreases as impeller diameter increases in the reactor with and without baffles but this trend is considerably more pronounced in the reactor with baffles. The increase in zeolite mass causes a slight increase of NJS in the both reactor. In the reactor with the baffles this increment became noticeably higher as impeller diameter decrease. Power consumption, at the state of complete zeolite suspension, decreases as impeller diameter increases and its values in the reactor without baffles are considerably lower as well. Kinetics results indicated that the amount of copper ion increases significantly in the initial stage and then gradually until the equilibrium is reached for all hydrodynamics conditions and mass of zeolite examined.
{"title":"Effect of radial impeller size in the presence and absence of baffles on the copper exchange on zeolite NaX","authors":"Sandra Svilović, M. Ćosić, Anita Bašić","doi":"10.30765/er.1574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1574","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of hydrodynamics on ion exchange in a batch reactor is still not appropriately studied even though proper mixing parameters may considerably affect the process of solid suspension and its costs. In this work, hydrodynamic conditions generated by straight blade turbine (SBT) impellers on suspension in the batch reactor with and without baffles were investigated. The aim of this work was to analyze influence of impeller diameter and zeolite mass on just suspended impeller speed, (NJS) power consumption, maximum amount of copper exchanged onto zeolite NaX and copper exchange kinetics as well. All experiments were conducted at the same temperature, initial concentration of the copper solution and zeolite particle size. The obtained results showed that just suspended impeller speed decreases as impeller diameter increases in the reactor with and without baffles but this trend is considerably more pronounced in the reactor with baffles. The increase in zeolite mass causes a slight increase of NJS in the both reactor. In the reactor with the baffles this increment became noticeably higher as impeller diameter decrease. Power consumption, at the state of complete zeolite suspension, decreases as impeller diameter increases and its values in the reactor without baffles are considerably lower as well. Kinetics results indicated that the amount of copper ion increases significantly in the initial stage and then gradually until the equilibrium is reached for all hydrodynamics conditions and mass of zeolite examined.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. T. Kebir, N. Cheggaga, M. S. A. Cheikh, M. Haddadi, H. Rahmani
Recently, many focuses have been done in the field of renewable energies, especially in solar photovoltaic energy. Photovoltaic generator, considered as the heart of any photovoltaic installation, exhibits sometimes malfunctions which involve degradations on the overall photovoltaic plant. Therefore, diagnosis techniques are required to ensure failures detection. They avoid dangerous risks, prevent damages, allow protection, and extend their healthy life. For these purposes, many recent studies have given focuses on this field. This paper summarizes a large number of such interesting works. It presents a survey of photovoltaic generator degradations kinds, several types of faults, and their major diagnosis techniques. Comparative studies and some critical analyses are given. Other trending diagnosis solutions are also discussed. A proposed neural networks-based technique is developed to clarify the main process of diagnosis techniques, using artificial intelligence. This method shows good results for modelling and diagnosing the healthy and faulty (shaded) photovoltaic array.
{"title":"A comprehensive study of diagnosis faults techniques occurring in photovoltaic generators","authors":"S. T. Kebir, N. Cheggaga, M. S. A. Cheikh, M. Haddadi, H. Rahmani","doi":"10.30765/ER.1714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/ER.1714","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, many focuses have been done in the field of renewable energies, especially in solar photovoltaic energy. Photovoltaic generator, considered as the heart of any photovoltaic installation, exhibits sometimes malfunctions which involve degradations on the overall photovoltaic plant. Therefore, diagnosis techniques are required to ensure failures detection. They avoid dangerous risks, prevent damages, allow protection, and extend their healthy life. For these purposes, many recent studies have given focuses on this field. This paper summarizes a large number of such interesting works. It presents a survey of photovoltaic generator degradations kinds, several types of faults, and their major diagnosis techniques. Comparative studies and some critical analyses are given. Other trending diagnosis solutions are also discussed. A proposed neural networks-based technique is developed to clarify the main process of diagnosis techniques, using artificial intelligence. This method shows good results for modelling and diagnosing the healthy and faulty (shaded) photovoltaic array.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Zablodskiy, A. Zhyltsov, I. Radko, V. Trokhaniak, S. Pugalendhi, P. Subramanian
Basic performance principles of the energotechnological complex used for thermochemical conversion of plant biomass with the influence of a magnetic field and high recovery of spent heat carrier energy have been developed. The concurrent saturation of a spent heat carrier in a loading bunker with the steam from humid biomass aimed at using a certain part of a spent heat carrier, which is clear from oxygen and nitrogen oxide, and moisture in thermochemical recovery has been considered as an important aspect of recuperation processes. A mathematical model has been developed and the results of numerical simulation have been presented for determining the distribution of temperature, velocity and pressure fields in a loading bunker. Prospective assessment of the engineering solutions developed for heat energy recovery of a double-flow spent heat carrier has been conducted.
{"title":"Thermochemical conversion of plant biomass in the energotechnological complex with heat recovery","authors":"M. Zablodskiy, A. Zhyltsov, I. Radko, V. Trokhaniak, S. Pugalendhi, P. Subramanian","doi":"10.30765/er.1554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1554","url":null,"abstract":"Basic performance principles of the energotechnological complex used for thermochemical conversion of plant biomass with the influence of a magnetic field and high recovery of spent heat carrier energy have been developed. The concurrent saturation of a spent heat carrier in a loading bunker with the steam from humid biomass aimed at using a certain part of a spent heat carrier, which is clear from oxygen and nitrogen oxide, and moisture in thermochemical recovery has been considered as an important aspect of recuperation processes. A mathematical model has been developed and the results of numerical simulation have been presented for determining the distribution of temperature, velocity and pressure fields in a loading bunker. Prospective assessment of the engineering solutions developed for heat energy recovery of a double-flow spent heat carrier has been conducted.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. S. Useche-Castelblanco, Darío Amaya-Hurtado, O. Reyes-Ortiz
The oil refinery plants have a particularly high energy consumption in the distillation process. Several authors state that these are the systems with the highest energy consumption in the petrochemical industry. Currently, work is being done on the implementation of adaptive controllers in order to improve the efficiency of the distillation process and the quality of the product. In this work the control of a binary distillation column developed within a 3D virtual laboratory is presented. Adaptive control by reference model (MRCA) is used for the manipulation of bottom and distillate concentrations. Initially, the mathematical description of the process is obtained, together with the computer-aided design, to subsequently implement the control technique. As a result, the behavior of the controlled system in simulation is shown and compared with the response of the embedded system within the virtual environment. The main contribution of this work is the interaction that a user can have with this type of processes and the possibility of implementing modern control strategies within this type of environments as a low-cost tool to support education and training activities.
{"title":"Adaptive decoupling control for binary distillation column into a 3D virtual environment","authors":"J. S. Useche-Castelblanco, Darío Amaya-Hurtado, O. Reyes-Ortiz","doi":"10.30765/er.1480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1480","url":null,"abstract":"The oil refinery plants have a particularly high energy consumption in the distillation process. Several authors state that these are the systems with the highest energy consumption in the petrochemical industry. Currently, work is being done on the implementation of adaptive controllers in order to improve the efficiency of the distillation process and the quality of the product. In this work the control of a binary distillation column developed within a 3D virtual laboratory is presented. Adaptive control by reference model (MRCA) is used for the manipulation of bottom and distillate concentrations. Initially, the mathematical description of the process is obtained, together with the computer-aided design, to subsequently implement the control technique. As a result, the behavior of the controlled system in simulation is shown and compared with the response of the embedded system within the virtual environment. The main contribution of this work is the interaction that a user can have with this type of processes and the possibility of implementing modern control strategies within this type of environments as a low-cost tool to support education and training activities.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the methodology of testing Continental/Siemens VDO piezoelectric injectors. To determine the correctness of their operation, the reference characteristics were used, which, due to the lack of guidelines from the manufacturer, constituted the only reference base for the obtained expenses and the intensity of fuel overflows. Simultaneously, the phase of the active experiment was simplified by limiting the number of measuring points, and then estimating the missing data using the Aitken iterative technique. Automation of the calculation process was obtained thanks to the proprietary numerical algorithm, whose formulas were introduced into a standard spreadsheet.
{"title":"Simplified methodology for testing common rail piezoelectric injectors taking into account reference characteristics","authors":"T. Stoeck, Karol Franciszek Abramek, T. Osipowicz","doi":"10.30765/er.1475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1475","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the methodology of testing Continental/Siemens VDO piezoelectric injectors. To determine the correctness of their operation, the reference characteristics were used, which, due to the lack of guidelines from the manufacturer, constituted the only reference base for the obtained expenses and the intensity of fuel overflows. Simultaneously, the phase of the active experiment was simplified by limiting the number of measuring points, and then estimating the missing data using the Aitken iterative technique. Automation of the calculation process was obtained thanks to the proprietary numerical algorithm, whose formulas were introduced into a standard spreadsheet.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Under the pressure of stricter regulations on pollutant emissions and the desire of users for lower fuel consumption and more comfortable driving, engine control based on torque has been developed. To provide an accurate estimate of effective torque, friction losses must be modeled. The details of a model that predicts the total instantaneous friction torque for compression ignition engines are described. The model is based on a combination of the dynamic model of the crankshaft and the thermodynamic model. The total instantaneous friction torque is determined using the instantaneous measurements or numerical predictions of the gas pressure in the combustion chamber, the rotational speed of the crankshaft and the load torque. The experimental data and the numerical simulation results were compared. The comparison between the different variables shows a good agreement between the simulation and the experimental results.
{"title":"Real-time friction torque estimation on a diesel engine using the crankshaft speed fluctuation","authors":"S. Mohammed, Lakhdari A. Amina","doi":"10.30765/er.1515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1515","url":null,"abstract":"Under the pressure of stricter regulations on pollutant emissions and the desire of users for lower fuel consumption and more comfortable driving, engine control based on torque has been developed. To provide an accurate estimate of effective torque, friction losses must be modeled. The details of a model that predicts the total instantaneous friction torque for compression ignition engines are described. The model is based on a combination of the dynamic model of the crankshaft and the thermodynamic model. The total instantaneous friction torque is determined using the instantaneous measurements or numerical predictions of the gas pressure in the combustion chamber, the rotational speed of the crankshaft and the load torque. The experimental data and the numerical simulation results were compared. The comparison between the different variables shows a good agreement between the simulation and the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roof shape of a building placed in a wind flow has particularly significant effects on this flow, in its wake, immediately at the vicinity and far from the structure. This influence is given by an experimental study, undertaken on rectangular models of reduced scale skyscrapers (1:1000), in a subsonic wind tunnel that enabled us to measure the exerted force by wind flow on windward face of the buildings, as well as the pressure distribution according to the longitudinal and the transverse building directions. The drag force acting on the models windward face is very affected by the building slope roof; these results are available for a normal and inclined wind direction. A numerical simulation is carried out to reproduce complex flow developed around the different building models, using Fluent software. We obtain the parietal pressure distribution on the various building faces and we compare the numerical values to the experimental data obtained in the wind tunnel, both are in good agreement with those provided by the international ASCE code. The numerical simulation indicates that complex structure vortices are developed at the buildings wake and allows us a better understanding of the flow phenomena. Analysis of the numerical results reveals a distinct evolution of pressure and velocity fields, the induced downstream flow is particularly complex. The presence of a roof deforms swirling zones: the zone of recirculation in buildings wake is stretched and the flow diagram is modified, which has direct effects on the measured wind force and the pressure distribution.
{"title":"Roof slope effects on the aerodynamic characteristics of tall buildings","authors":"I. Boumrar, A. Becheur","doi":"10.30765/ER.1481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/ER.1481","url":null,"abstract":"Roof shape of a building placed in a wind flow has particularly significant effects on this flow, in its wake, immediately at the vicinity and far from the structure. This influence is given by an experimental study, undertaken on rectangular models of reduced scale skyscrapers (1:1000), in a subsonic wind tunnel that enabled us to measure the exerted force by wind flow on windward face of the buildings, as well as the pressure distribution according to the longitudinal and the transverse building directions. The drag force acting on the models windward face is very affected by the building slope roof; these results are available for a normal and inclined wind direction. A numerical simulation is carried out to reproduce complex flow developed around the different building models, using Fluent software. We obtain the parietal pressure distribution on the various building faces and we compare the numerical values to the experimental data obtained in the wind tunnel, both are in good agreement with those provided by the international ASCE code. The numerical simulation indicates that complex structure vortices are developed at the buildings wake and allows us a better understanding of the flow phenomena. Analysis of the numerical results reveals a distinct evolution of pressure and velocity fields, the induced downstream flow is particularly complex. The presence of a roof deforms swirling zones: the zone of recirculation in buildings wake is stretched and the flow diagram is modified, which has direct effects on the measured wind force and the pressure distribution.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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