Load frequency control (LFC) is a crucial feature of electric power systems to maintain a balance between power supply and load demand, thus avoiding a deviation of the grid frequency. The present work aims to implement an effective LFC scheme for a microgrid system consisting of a diesel generator (DEG), a wind turbine generator (WTG) and a battery storage system. Proportional-integral-double-derivative (PIDD) controllers are used to implement the proposed LFC scheme. The controller parameters are computed using an innovative hybrid teaching-learning-optimization differential-evaluation (hTLO-DE) algorithm. The main scope of the work lies in application of hTLO-DE optimized PIDD controllers in DEG-WTG-battery storage based MG system. The results obtained with PIDD controllers are compared with those obtained with the traditional PI and PID controllers. A critical analysis shows that the PIDD controller can provide better dynamic responses in terms of settling time and magnitude of oscillations compared to PI and PID controllers. The frequency responses of the system are studied under different scenarios of generation and load variations, which establishes the robustness of the proposed PIDD-based LFC scheme.
{"title":"Load frequency control scheme for a microgrid system with the application of hTLO-DE algorithm","authors":"I. Koley, A. Datta, G. Panda","doi":"10.30765/er.1925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1925","url":null,"abstract":"Load frequency control (LFC) is a crucial feature of electric power systems to maintain a balance between power supply and load demand, thus avoiding a deviation of the grid frequency. The present work aims to implement an effective LFC scheme for a microgrid system consisting of a diesel generator (DEG), a wind turbine generator (WTG) and a battery storage system. Proportional-integral-double-derivative (PIDD) controllers are used to implement the proposed LFC scheme. The controller parameters are computed using an innovative hybrid teaching-learning-optimization differential-evaluation (hTLO-DE) algorithm. The main scope of the work lies in application of hTLO-DE optimized PIDD controllers in DEG-WTG-battery storage based MG system. The results obtained with PIDD controllers are compared with those obtained with the traditional PI and PID controllers. A critical analysis shows that the PIDD controller can provide better dynamic responses in terms of settling time and magnitude of oscillations compared to PI and PID controllers. The frequency responses of the system are studied under different scenarios of generation and load variations, which establishes the robustness of the proposed PIDD-based LFC scheme.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to detect the existence of partial shading conditions on the PV array and to estimate the vicinity of the global maximum power point for shaded PV modules based solely on the captured image of the PV modules. Detecting the existence of partial shading is based on comparing the average image pixel intensity for each PV module to find any mismatch in the incident irradiance. Estimating the incident irradiance level of each PV module is based on the camera response function with the help of a reference module. Furthermore, after estimating the irradiance intensity on the modules, we used the captured image for each PV module to detect the shaded area percentage. Detect the presence of partial shading conditions and estimating the position of the Global Maximum Power Point under partial shading was achieved with simple and cheap procedure yet effective at various shading patterns regardless of the environmental circumstances.
{"title":"An accurate partial shading detection and global maximum power point tracking technique based on image processing","authors":"A. Ryad, A. Atallah, A. Zekry","doi":"10.30765/er.1636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1636","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to detect the existence of partial shading conditions on the PV array and to estimate the vicinity of the global maximum power point for shaded PV modules based solely on the captured image of the PV modules. Detecting the existence of partial shading is based on comparing the average image pixel intensity for each PV module to find any mismatch in the incident irradiance. Estimating the incident irradiance level of each PV module is based on the camera response function with the help of a reference module. Furthermore, after estimating the irradiance intensity on the modules, we used the captured image for each PV module to detect the shaded area percentage. Detect the presence of partial shading conditions and estimating the position of the Global Maximum Power Point under partial shading was achieved with simple and cheap procedure yet effective at various shading patterns regardless of the environmental circumstances.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article describes the velocity-based motion and orientation control method for a differential-driven two-wheeled E-puck Robot (DDER) using the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) algorithm in the Virtual Robot Experimentation Platform (V-REP) software environment. The wheel velocities data and Infra-Red (IR) sensors reading make the multi-objective fitness functions for MPSO. We use front, left, and right IR sensors reading and right wheel velocity data to design the first fitness function for MPSO. Similarly, the front, left, and right IR sensors reading, and left wheel velocity data have been taken for making the second fitness function for MPSO. The multi-objective fitness functions of MPSO minimize the motion and orientation of the DDER during navigation. Due to the minimization of motion and orientation, the DDER covers less distance to reach the goal and takes less time. The Two-Dimensional (2D) and Three-Dimensional (3D) navigation results of the DDER among the scattered obstacles have been presented in the V-REP software environment. The comparative analysis with previously developed Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) algorithm has also been performed to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed MPSO algorithm.
{"title":"E-puck motion control using multi-objective particle swarm optimization","authors":"V. Panwar, A. Pandey, M. E. Hasan","doi":"10.30765/er.1647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1647","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the velocity-based motion and orientation control method for a differential-driven two-wheeled E-puck Robot (DDER) using the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) algorithm in the Virtual Robot Experimentation Platform (V-REP) software environment. The wheel velocities data and Infra-Red (IR) sensors reading make the multi-objective fitness functions for MPSO. We use front, left, and right IR sensors reading and right wheel velocity data to design the first fitness function for MPSO. Similarly, the front, left, and right IR sensors reading, and left wheel velocity data have been taken for making the second fitness function for MPSO. The multi-objective fitness functions of MPSO minimize the motion and orientation of the DDER during navigation. Due to the minimization of motion and orientation, the DDER covers less distance to reach the goal and takes less time. The Two-Dimensional (2D) and Three-Dimensional (3D) navigation results of the DDER among the scattered obstacles have been presented in the V-REP software environment. The comparative analysis with previously developed Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) algorithm has also been performed to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed MPSO algorithm.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Fapohunda, Oluwatosin E. Oladipupo, Luke B. Ajayi
The unrestrained use of non-renewable natural resources used in the production of structural concrete raises sustainability concerns. The use of appropriate waste and non-conventional materials is encouraged to address some of these concerns. Understanding the relationship between the durability properties and microstructure of such a material will increase innovation in its use and mitigate some of the environmental issues associated with concrete production. This paper presents the results of a study conducted to evaluate the durability and investigate the microstructure of concrete with fine aggregate partially replaced by pulverized termite mound (PTM). Durability was evaluated by sorptivity and water absorption coefficient tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the microstructure of the concrete specimens after 28 days of curing. The results show (i) that the durability of the PTM concrete specimens, as measured by the water absorption coefficient, improves progressively with PTM content, (ii) that the durability of the PTM specimens, as evaluated by sorptivity, improves up to a PTM content of 70%, and (iii) that the microstructure of the concrete specimens has smaller pores compared to the control, which follows the trend of the sorptivity results. Therefore, for practical purposes, the use of PTM mounds as a substitute for fine aggregate in the production of structural concrete should be limited to 70 %.
{"title":"Effects of using pulverized termite mound (PTM) as partial replacement of fine aggregate on the durability properties and microstructure of concrete","authors":"C. Fapohunda, Oluwatosin E. Oladipupo, Luke B. Ajayi","doi":"10.30765/er.1665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1665","url":null,"abstract":"The unrestrained use of non-renewable natural resources used in the production of structural concrete raises sustainability concerns. The use of appropriate waste and non-conventional materials is encouraged to address some of these concerns. Understanding the relationship between the durability properties and microstructure of such a material will increase innovation in its use and mitigate some of the environmental issues associated with concrete production. This paper presents the results of a study conducted to evaluate the durability and investigate the microstructure of concrete with fine aggregate partially replaced by pulverized termite mound (PTM). Durability was evaluated by sorptivity and water absorption coefficient tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the microstructure of the concrete specimens after 28 days of curing. The results show (i) that the durability of the PTM concrete specimens, as measured by the water absorption coefficient, improves progressively with PTM content, (ii) that the durability of the PTM specimens, as evaluated by sorptivity, improves up to a PTM content of 70%, and (iii) that the microstructure of the concrete specimens has smaller pores compared to the control, which follows the trend of the sorptivity results. Therefore, for practical purposes, the use of PTM mounds as a substitute for fine aggregate in the production of structural concrete should be limited to 70 %.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kooshyar Lahsaei, M. Vaghefi, Farid Sedighi, C. A. Chooplou
In this work, the three-dimensional flow around piers in river meanders under rigid bed conditions was modeled. The software ANSYS FLUENT was used to perform the simulation. The study was carried out in a 180° curve accompanied by cylindrical piers with a diameter of 5 cm and a slope angle of 21° under rigid bed conditions. The results of the comparisons showed that this model can help simulate the flow pattern around inclined bridge piers in bended channels with acceptable accuracy. To analyze the flow pattern, the work was followed by studying the effect of the parameters that affect the physics of the problem: the relative radius of curvature of the curve, the location of the piers within the 180° curve, and the arrangement of the piers relative to the flow direction. The results showed that increasing the relative radius of curvature as well as the range of the bend reduced the tangential velocity values; the minimum tangential velocity value occurred at a relative radius of curvature of 5. With the pier group installed in the direction of flow, the maximum secondary flow power occurred at the 60° position at about 18.8%, while with the pier group installed across the flow, the maximum secondary flow power occurred at the 120° position at 14.2%. A comparison of the vorticity at the perpendicular and downstream positions showed that the vorticity values at the 60° and 120° positions were greater than the corresponding values at the 90° position in both cases.
{"title":"Numerical simulation of flow pattern at a divergent pier in a bend with different relative curvature radii using ansys fluent","authors":"Kooshyar Lahsaei, M. Vaghefi, Farid Sedighi, C. A. Chooplou","doi":"10.30765/er.1894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1894","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the three-dimensional flow around piers in river meanders under rigid bed conditions was modeled. The software ANSYS FLUENT was used to perform the simulation. The study was carried out in a 180° curve accompanied by cylindrical piers with a diameter of 5 cm and a slope angle of 21° under rigid bed conditions. The results of the comparisons showed that this model can help simulate the flow pattern around inclined bridge piers in bended channels with acceptable accuracy. To analyze the flow pattern, the work was followed by studying the effect of the parameters that affect the physics of the problem: the relative radius of curvature of the curve, the location of the piers within the 180° curve, and the arrangement of the piers relative to the flow direction. The results showed that increasing the relative radius of curvature as well as the range of the bend reduced the tangential velocity values; the minimum tangential velocity value occurred at a relative radius of curvature of 5. With the pier group installed in the direction of flow, the maximum secondary flow power occurred at the 60° position at about 18.8%, while with the pier group installed across the flow, the maximum secondary flow power occurred at the 120° position at 14.2%. A comparison of the vorticity at the perpendicular and downstream positions showed that the vorticity values at the 60° and 120° positions were greater than the corresponding values at the 90° position in both cases.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mobile platforms are expected to gain access to risk zones and hazardous environment. A typical example is the infectious disease environment to deliver items to a sick patient. The robot is aimed to manoeuver round flat grounds in indoor environment. Computer aided design (CAD) models of the selected concepts were developed in Fusion360 and imported into SolidWorks to optimize and improve the design. The design is focused on the development of the wheelbase. Arduino Microcontroller was the system and codes control board and it was developed using the Arduino software. The motor driver was used to drive the DC motor for robot navigation with ultrasonic sensor for obstacle detection at a range of 20 cm. Result shows that the robot was able to navigate round flat ground while detecting obstacles within 20 cm.
{"title":"Design and simulation of a mobile robot platform for navigation and obstacle detection","authors":"J. Azeta, C. Bolu, F. Oyawale","doi":"10.30765/er.1644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1644","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile platforms are expected to gain access to risk zones and hazardous environment. A typical example is the infectious disease environment to deliver items to a sick patient. The robot is aimed to manoeuver round flat grounds in indoor environment. Computer aided design (CAD) models of the selected concepts were developed in Fusion360 and imported into SolidWorks to optimize and improve the design. The design is focused on the development of the wheelbase. Arduino Microcontroller was the system and codes control board and it was developed using the Arduino software. The motor driver was used to drive the DC motor for robot navigation with ultrasonic sensor for obstacle detection at a range of 20 cm. Result shows that the robot was able to navigate round flat ground while detecting obstacles within 20 cm.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Powder mixed electro discharge machining (PMEDM) is a hybrid machining process in which dielectric fluid is mixed with electrically conductive powder particles for enhancing surface quality and material removal rate. Cryogenic treatment was brought in this process to improve tool life and cutting tool properties. In this research, silicon carbide (SiC) powder mixed electro discharge machining (EDM) has been performed for AISI 304 machining. Experiments have been carried out to study the effect of powder concentrations (0 g/l, 4 g/l, 6 g/l, 8 g/l and 10 g/l) on the EDM performances viz. radial overcut (ROC), material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (Ra) and tool wear rate (TWR) using three tungsten carbide electrodes (i.e. untreated, cryotreated single and double tempered). With addition of powder concentration material removal rate, radial overcut enhances and surface roughness and tool wear rate reduces. With the addition of powder concentration MRR, TWR, Ra and ROC decreased up to 10.60%, 37.08%, 15.95% and 9.31% for cryotreated single tempered electrode and decreased up to 16.64%, 42.10%, 26.58% and 12.19% for cryotreated double tempered electrode respectively. Microstructural analysis of machined surface has been carried out for the PMEDMed surfaces.
{"title":"Effect of powder concentration on the EDM performance of AISI 304 using cryotreated post tempered electrodes","authors":"Munmun Bhaumik, K. Maity","doi":"10.30765/er.1655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1655","url":null,"abstract":"Powder mixed electro discharge machining (PMEDM) is a hybrid machining process in which dielectric fluid is mixed with electrically conductive powder particles for enhancing surface quality and material removal rate. Cryogenic treatment was brought in this process to improve tool life and cutting tool properties. In this research, silicon carbide (SiC) powder mixed electro discharge machining (EDM) has been performed for AISI 304 machining. Experiments have been carried out to study the effect of powder concentrations (0 g/l, 4 g/l, 6 g/l, 8 g/l and 10 g/l) on the EDM performances viz. radial overcut (ROC), material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (Ra) and tool wear rate (TWR) using three tungsten carbide electrodes (i.e. untreated, cryotreated single and double tempered). With addition of powder concentration material removal rate, radial overcut enhances and surface roughness and tool wear rate reduces. With the addition of powder concentration MRR, TWR, Ra and ROC decreased up to 10.60%, 37.08%, 15.95% and 9.31% for cryotreated single tempered electrode and decreased up to 16.64%, 42.10%, 26.58% and 12.19% for cryotreated double tempered electrode respectively. Microstructural analysis of machined surface has been carried out for the PMEDMed surfaces.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69597991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In wireless communication, spectrum sensing (SS) is one of the important techniques to study about the radio environment. Spectrum sensing phenomenon is used to estimate the unutilized frequency band of whole radio spectrum. Utilization of available spectrum can be improved by enhancing the spectrum sensing techniques. The performance of available spectrum sensing techniques may degrade substantially in low signal to noise ratio, multipath fading & shadowing environments. This may lead to increase in probability of false alarms and decrease in probability of detection. This paper gives the categorization of different spectrum sensing techniques (SST) and it also explores the different methods used in spectrum sensing. Comparison of energy detector (ED), matched filter detection (MFD), cyclostationary feature detection (CFD), waveform detection (WD) and eigen value detection (EVD) based on their methodology and accuracy is also present in this paper. Various issues associated with these spectrum sensing techniques are highlighted here and futuristic solutions proposed for improvement in existing spectrum sensing techniques.
{"title":"Comprehensive review on spectrum sensing techniques in cognitive radio","authors":"N. Chaudhary, R. Mahajan","doi":"10.30765/er.1677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1677","url":null,"abstract":"In wireless communication, spectrum sensing (SS) is one of the important techniques to study about the radio environment. Spectrum sensing phenomenon is used to estimate the unutilized frequency band of whole radio spectrum. Utilization of available spectrum can be improved by enhancing the spectrum sensing techniques. The performance of available spectrum sensing techniques may degrade substantially in low signal to noise ratio, multipath fading & shadowing environments. This may lead to increase in probability of false alarms and decrease in probability of detection. This paper gives the categorization of different spectrum sensing techniques (SST) and it also explores the different methods used in spectrum sensing. Comparison of energy detector (ED), matched filter detection (MFD), cyclostationary feature detection (CFD), waveform detection (WD) and eigen value detection (EVD) based on their methodology and accuracy is also present in this paper. Various issues associated with these spectrum sensing techniques are highlighted here and futuristic solutions proposed for improvement in existing spectrum sensing techniques.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a headroom-based optimization for the placement of distributed generation (DG) in a distribution substation. The penetration limits of DGs into the existing distribution substations are often expressed as a function of the feeder’s hosting capacity (headroom). Therefore, it is important to estimate the reliability of the network's operation as well as that of the limits imposed by the power quality standards by evaluating of the hosting capacity (headroom) of the existing distribution feeder substation. This study aims at developing a novel algorithm for positioning a bus with permissible headroom capacity for DG positioning without causing voltage violations but maximizing the active power supply. Since DG increases short-circuit faults, the algorithm is useful for utility companies to select feeder substations that have permissible headroom capacity for DG installation and thus, contributing to reducing high DG penetration in the network. The modeling and optimization were carried out the Power System Software for Engineers (PSS/E) environment using the IEEE 14-bus test system. The results obtained from the case study show that only two (2) feeder substations out of fourteen (14) have the permissible headroom capacity for DG connections.
{"title":"Headroom-based optimization for placement of distributed generation in a distribution substation","authors":"John N. Nweke, Ayodeji Olalekan Salau, C. Eya","doi":"10.30765/er.1748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1748","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a headroom-based optimization for the placement of distributed generation (DG) in a distribution substation. The penetration limits of DGs into the existing distribution substations are often expressed as a function of the feeder’s hosting capacity (headroom). Therefore, it is important to estimate the reliability of the network's operation as well as that of the limits imposed by the power quality standards by evaluating of the hosting capacity (headroom) of the existing distribution feeder substation. This study aims at developing a novel algorithm for positioning a bus with permissible headroom capacity for DG positioning without causing voltage violations but maximizing the active power supply. Since DG increases short-circuit faults, the algorithm is useful for utility companies to select feeder substations that have permissible headroom capacity for DG installation and thus, contributing to reducing high DG penetration in the network. The modeling and optimization were carried out the Power System Software for Engineers (PSS/E) environment using the IEEE 14-bus test system. The results obtained from the case study show that only two (2) feeder substations out of fourteen (14) have the permissible headroom capacity for DG connections.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modeling and optimization of cutting parameters are one of the most important factors in manufacturing process. The aim of present work is to establish the relation among input factors i.e. spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut and response parameters i.e. cutting time and tool wear rate. The operation is performed on EN-24 alloy steel material. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been performed to find the significant and non-significant parameters. Mathematical model is developed for CT and TWR and optimized using composite desirability (CD) function technique. It was found that the best machining factor is depth of cut whereas spindle speed is the less significant machining parameter. The confirmation experiments have been also performed to validate the results. The given model could be utilized to select the level of drilling parameters.
{"title":"Investigation of cutting time and tool wear rate on EN-24 steel alloy by the drilling process","authors":"Yogesh Jangid, A. Goyal, M. Dadhich","doi":"10.30765/er.1611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30765/er.1611","url":null,"abstract":"Modeling and optimization of cutting parameters are one of the most important factors in manufacturing process. The aim of present work is to establish the relation among input factors i.e. spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut and response parameters i.e. cutting time and tool wear rate. The operation is performed on EN-24 alloy steel material. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been performed to find the significant and non-significant parameters. Mathematical model is developed for CT and TWR and optimized using composite desirability (CD) function technique. It was found that the best machining factor is depth of cut whereas spindle speed is the less significant machining parameter. The confirmation experiments have been also performed to validate the results. The given model could be utilized to select the level of drilling parameters.","PeriodicalId":44022,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69598253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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