Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517012
L. D. Mendes, L. Mendes, T. Pimenta
When located at the cell edge, LTE network users suffer a severe loss of reception capacity due to interference from other cells. The development of 5G indicates that the dense deployment of small cells might worsen interference problems. Ever since this setback has been identified, several techniques emerged to mitigate the situation. Coordinated multipoint (CoMP) is one of these techniques, and dynamic point blanking (DPB) is one of the less complex forms of its implementation. In this work, a DPB scheduler is proposed to reduce interference in IoT scenarios using resources from a 5G network. Results show that the network aggregate throughput is increased while keeping fairness among the sensors when compared to a round-robin scheduler.
{"title":"Uplink Dynamic Point Blanking Coordinated Multipoint Scheduler for IoT Integration in 5G Networks","authors":"L. D. Mendes, L. Mendes, T. Pimenta","doi":"10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517012","url":null,"abstract":"When located at the cell edge, LTE network users suffer a severe loss of reception capacity due to interference from other cells. The development of 5G indicates that the dense deployment of small cells might worsen interference problems. Ever since this setback has been identified, several techniques emerged to mitigate the situation. Coordinated multipoint (CoMP) is one of these techniques, and dynamic point blanking (DPB) is one of the less complex forms of its implementation. In this work, a DPB scheduler is proposed to reduce interference in IoT scenarios using resources from a 5G network. Results show that the network aggregate throughput is increased while keeping fairness among the sensors when compared to a round-robin scheduler.","PeriodicalId":440445,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129371987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516932
O. Oki, P. Mudali, M. Adigun, T. Olwal
The dynamic spectrum management techniques have been introduced to address the current Radio Frequency bands inefficiency challenges. Cognitive Radio (CR) technology has been regarded as the most promising technology in the dynamic spectrum management area. One of the major aspects of the spectrum management is the decision making ability of CR users. The dynamic reconfiguration of both the operating frequency and channel bandwidth in a distributed CR network has not received sufficient attention despite their importance in spectrum decision making. In this paper, we present a biologically-inspired optimal foraging model to address the dynamic reconfiguration of frequency and channel bandwidth problems in a distributed cognitive radio network. One of the main advantages of biologically-inspired foraging model is its analytical simplicity and optimum solution. The average channel switching time, successful transmission probability, network throughput and energy efficiency were measured. The MATLAB simulation results show that the proposed optimal foraging model can reduce the communication overhead, balance the communication performance and improve the energy efficiency, which in-turn will help to achieve optimal spectrum utilization.
{"title":"Using Biologically-Inspired Foraging Approach for Spectrum Reconfiguration in Distributed Cognitive Radio Network","authors":"O. Oki, P. Mudali, M. Adigun, T. Olwal","doi":"10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516932","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic spectrum management techniques have been introduced to address the current Radio Frequency bands inefficiency challenges. Cognitive Radio (CR) technology has been regarded as the most promising technology in the dynamic spectrum management area. One of the major aspects of the spectrum management is the decision making ability of CR users. The dynamic reconfiguration of both the operating frequency and channel bandwidth in a distributed CR network has not received sufficient attention despite their importance in spectrum decision making. In this paper, we present a biologically-inspired optimal foraging model to address the dynamic reconfiguration of frequency and channel bandwidth problems in a distributed cognitive radio network. One of the main advantages of biologically-inspired foraging model is its analytical simplicity and optimum solution. The average channel switching time, successful transmission probability, network throughput and energy efficiency were measured. The MATLAB simulation results show that the proposed optimal foraging model can reduce the communication overhead, balance the communication performance and improve the energy efficiency, which in-turn will help to achieve optimal spectrum utilization.","PeriodicalId":440445,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128613109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516972
S. V. Rossem, B. Sayadi, L. Roullet, Angelos Mimidis, Michele Paolino, P. Veitch, B. Berde, Ignacio Labrador, Aurora Ramos, W. Tavernier, Eder Ollora, José Soler
In an increasingly interconnected world, new opportunities for telecom-based services are emerging. Innovative applications profit from cloud versatility and scalability, but require a platform to combine the optimized 5G network fabric with the advancements in the domain of cloud computing, Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV). In this multi-domain context, we find that available service platforms are lagging, because they tend to be tightly coupled to a constrained set of technologies. In practice, we need the flexibility to deploy different microservices over a heterogeneous range of infrastructure types, aggregating various virtualization, orchestration and control mechanisms. Moreover, the integration of the service requires collaboration among a wide mix of actors (e.g. developers, operators, hardware/software vendors, infrastructure/service providers or vertical integrators). We propose a next-generation Platform-as-a-Service (NGPaaS), devised as a modular framework for the development and operation of network services, while targeting a high degree of both customization and automation. The presented architecture is built around a workflow-based orchestrator which coordinates custom-built tasks across a tailored group of specialized infrastructure or platforms. We also explain how NGPaaS enhances DevOps-principles, to achieve a more efficient integration process across the many isolated administrative domains in the modern telco landscape.
{"title":"A Vision for the Next Generation Platform-as-a-Service","authors":"S. V. Rossem, B. Sayadi, L. Roullet, Angelos Mimidis, Michele Paolino, P. Veitch, B. Berde, Ignacio Labrador, Aurora Ramos, W. Tavernier, Eder Ollora, José Soler","doi":"10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516972","url":null,"abstract":"In an increasingly interconnected world, new opportunities for telecom-based services are emerging. Innovative applications profit from cloud versatility and scalability, but require a platform to combine the optimized 5G network fabric with the advancements in the domain of cloud computing, Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV). In this multi-domain context, we find that available service platforms are lagging, because they tend to be tightly coupled to a constrained set of technologies. In practice, we need the flexibility to deploy different microservices over a heterogeneous range of infrastructure types, aggregating various virtualization, orchestration and control mechanisms. Moreover, the integration of the service requires collaboration among a wide mix of actors (e.g. developers, operators, hardware/software vendors, infrastructure/service providers or vertical integrators). We propose a next-generation Platform-as-a-Service (NGPaaS), devised as a modular framework for the development and operation of network services, while targeting a high degree of both customization and automation. The presented architecture is built around a workflow-based orchestrator which coordinates custom-built tasks across a tailored group of specialized infrastructure or platforms. We also explain how NGPaaS enhances DevOps-principles, to achieve a more efficient integration process across the many isolated administrative domains in the modern telco landscape.","PeriodicalId":440445,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)","volume":"788 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116416000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517041
A. Hassebo, A. Mohamed, R. Dorsinville, Mohamed A. Ali
This paper examines and explores the potential of how the capabilities of the emerging Fifth-Generation (5G) cellular technologies can be integrated with the power grid to enable the realization of a truly smart grid. Based on time-to-market strategy, we identify and propose two different 5G-based business and architectural models that enable a truly converged power grid-ICT infrastructure, namely, near-term model and long-term model.
{"title":"5G-based Converged Electric Power Grid and ICT Infrastructure","authors":"A. Hassebo, A. Mohamed, R. Dorsinville, Mohamed A. Ali","doi":"10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517041","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines and explores the potential of how the capabilities of the emerging Fifth-Generation (5G) cellular technologies can be integrated with the power grid to enable the realization of a truly smart grid. Based on time-to-market strategy, we identify and propose two different 5G-based business and architectural models that enable a truly converged power grid-ICT infrastructure, namely, near-term model and long-term model.","PeriodicalId":440445,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)","volume":"44 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132767115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517089
C. Antonelli, D. Cassioli, F. Franchi, F. Graziosi, A. Marotta, M. Pratesi, C. Rinaldi, F. Santucci
The city of L’Aquila is one of the five Italian cities selected by the Italian government to host the 5G experimentation. This city has the specificity of being a "living lab", because it is currently passing through the reconstruction process after the earthquake of 2009, thus offering a "green field" scenario to the scientific community. This process is led according to the innovative paradigm of "Smart City", whose foundation is the INCIPICT project (INnovating CIty Planning through Information and Communications Technology), described in this paper. Its main focus is the development of an innovative optical network, which surrounds the city center and connects the main public sites of interest. The optical network represents an open testbed for researchers in optical transmission and networking as well as the basis for innovative wireless technologies and smart city applications. This paper describes the INCIPICT project highlighting its role in the ongoing 5G trial hosted in the city of L’Aquila. The 5G experimental activities will be driven by several use-cases according to a vertical pilots approach. In this paper a description of the 5G use cases under the coordination of the University of L’Aquila together with the related experimental activities is provided.
{"title":"The City of L’Aquila as a Living Lab: the INCIPICT Project and the 5G Trial","authors":"C. Antonelli, D. Cassioli, F. Franchi, F. Graziosi, A. Marotta, M. Pratesi, C. Rinaldi, F. Santucci","doi":"10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517089","url":null,"abstract":"The city of L’Aquila is one of the five Italian cities selected by the Italian government to host the 5G experimentation. This city has the specificity of being a \"living lab\", because it is currently passing through the reconstruction process after the earthquake of 2009, thus offering a \"green field\" scenario to the scientific community. This process is led according to the innovative paradigm of \"Smart City\", whose foundation is the INCIPICT project (INnovating CIty Planning through Information and Communications Technology), described in this paper. Its main focus is the development of an innovative optical network, which surrounds the city center and connects the main public sites of interest. The optical network represents an open testbed for researchers in optical transmission and networking as well as the basis for innovative wireless technologies and smart city applications. This paper describes the INCIPICT project highlighting its role in the ongoing 5G trial hosted in the city of L’Aquila. The 5G experimental activities will be driven by several use-cases according to a vertical pilots approach. In this paper a description of the 5G use cases under the coordination of the University of L’Aquila together with the related experimental activities is provided.","PeriodicalId":440445,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133071884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517003
M. Nesterova, S. Nicol, Yuliya Nesterova
The next generation of wireless 5G technology is being continuously designed to meet the growing demand from different industries for more data, more devices, higher speed, and improved operational efficiency. While mmWave bands offer much higher bandwidths, they are subject to higher signal losses when compared to the lower frequency bands currently used for wireless technologies. As such, the industries involved require evolutionary methodologies for the thorough evaluation of 5G mobile devices. The authors offer an advanced near-field measurement technique as a solution for robust assessment of device performance. This novel method introduces the spatial vector evaluation of both electric E and magnetic H fields through the cross-detection of their interaction. Based in terms of the Poynting vector theorem, this two-probe technique provides a steady measurement-based orientation for research within the rapidly changing conditions of the mmWave environment.
{"title":"Evaluating Power Density for 5G Applications","authors":"M. Nesterova, S. Nicol, Yuliya Nesterova","doi":"10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517003","url":null,"abstract":"The next generation of wireless 5G technology is being continuously designed to meet the growing demand from different industries for more data, more devices, higher speed, and improved operational efficiency. While mmWave bands offer much higher bandwidths, they are subject to higher signal losses when compared to the lower frequency bands currently used for wireless technologies. As such, the industries involved require evolutionary methodologies for the thorough evaluation of 5G mobile devices. The authors offer an advanced near-field measurement technique as a solution for robust assessment of device performance. This novel method introduces the spatial vector evaluation of both electric E and magnetic H fields through the cross-detection of their interaction. Based in terms of the Poynting vector theorem, this two-probe technique provides a steady measurement-based orientation for research within the rapidly changing conditions of the mmWave environment.","PeriodicalId":440445,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128982755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516950
Duc-Hung Luong, Huu-Trung Thieu, A. Outtagarts, Y. Ghamri-Doudane
Mobile traffic is dramatically increasing in recent several years with the evolution of mobile network toward 5G era. Network function virtualization (NFV) and cloud computing provide more flexibility and elasticity for mobile networks. The autoscaling orchestrator allows adjusting the number of virtual network functions (VNFs) in a telecom cloud platform corresponding the devices demand (smartphone, IoT, robots,...). However, the adjusting process produces the delay resulting on instance creating to make services available with the enough resource. The predictive mechanisms with workload forecasting enable the improvement in performance of the autoscaling orchestration system. In this paper, we investigate predictive autoscaling in the orchestration system for virtualized mobile networks. We propose a cloud-native approach for stateless telecom services. We also consider and investigate realtime prediction to detect the peak load or burst request of resource. We develop longterm forecasting for periodical resource that detect seasonal workload demand and provide the resource plan to cloud provider. Finally, we evaluate the accuracy of these predictive mechanisms with a growing workload with several accuracy criteria. We develop our telecom testbed using containerization technology and these approaches are integrated with Kubernetes orchestrator.
近年来，随着移动网络向5G时代演进，移动流量急剧增加。网络功能虚拟化(Network function virtualization, NFV)和云计算为移动网络提供了更大的灵活性和弹性。自动缩放编排器允许根据设备需求(智能手机、物联网、机器人等)调整电信云平台中虚拟网络功能(vnf)的数量。但是，调整过程会产生延迟，导致实例创建延迟，从而使服务可以使用足够的资源。带有工作负载预测的预测机制可以提高自动伸缩编排系统的性能。在本文中，我们研究了虚拟化移动网络编排系统中的预测自动缩放。我们提出了一种无状态电信服务的云原生方法。我们还考虑和研究了实时预测，以检测资源的峰值负载或突发请求。我们开发周期性资源的长期预测，以检测季节性工作量需求，并向云提供商提供资源计划。最后，我们用几个精度标准来评估这些预测机制在不断增长的工作量下的准确性。我们使用容器化技术开发电信测试平台，这些方法与Kubernetes编排器集成在一起。
{"title":"Predictive Autoscaling Orchestration for Cloud-native Telecom Microservices","authors":"Duc-Hung Luong, Huu-Trung Thieu, A. Outtagarts, Y. Ghamri-Doudane","doi":"10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516950","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile traffic is dramatically increasing in recent several years with the evolution of mobile network toward 5G era. Network function virtualization (NFV) and cloud computing provide more flexibility and elasticity for mobile networks. The autoscaling orchestrator allows adjusting the number of virtual network functions (VNFs) in a telecom cloud platform corresponding the devices demand (smartphone, IoT, robots,...). However, the adjusting process produces the delay resulting on instance creating to make services available with the enough resource. The predictive mechanisms with workload forecasting enable the improvement in performance of the autoscaling orchestration system. In this paper, we investigate predictive autoscaling in the orchestration system for virtualized mobile networks. We propose a cloud-native approach for stateless telecom services. We also consider and investigate realtime prediction to detect the peak load or burst request of resource. We develop longterm forecasting for periodical resource that detect seasonal workload demand and provide the resource plan to cloud provider. Finally, we evaluate the accuracy of these predictive mechanisms with a growing workload with several accuracy criteria. We develop our telecom testbed using containerization technology and these approaches are integrated with Kubernetes orchestrator.","PeriodicalId":440445,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129034063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516958
Tejashri Kuber, D. Saha, I. Seskar
Legacy beamforming procedure for multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) requires periodic explicit feedback mechanism for channel estimation resulting in high control overhead with increasing number of users. Often, these procedures are redundant, especially if the channel remains static between two successive measurements. Projected increase in number of users in emerging 5G network, necessitates us to rethink the channel sounding technique to reduce overhead as well as increase aggregate throughput of the network. In this paper, we propose to use changes in channel to trigger the channel assessment procedure at Access Point (AP). This technique is generic enough to be used either in the AP of IEEE 802.11ac or in the eNodeB of LTE systems. The experimental results using Software Defined Radios (SDRs) on the ORBIT testbed show more than 96% classification success of channel transition and a significant difference in error vector values for different types of channel variations. This leads to a need-based CSI collection, which will improve aggregate throughput of the network.
{"title":"Predicting Channel Transition for MU-MIMO Beamforming","authors":"Tejashri Kuber, D. Saha, I. Seskar","doi":"10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516958","url":null,"abstract":"Legacy beamforming procedure for multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) requires periodic explicit feedback mechanism for channel estimation resulting in high control overhead with increasing number of users. Often, these procedures are redundant, especially if the channel remains static between two successive measurements. Projected increase in number of users in emerging 5G network, necessitates us to rethink the channel sounding technique to reduce overhead as well as increase aggregate throughput of the network. In this paper, we propose to use changes in channel to trigger the channel assessment procedure at Access Point (AP). This technique is generic enough to be used either in the AP of IEEE 802.11ac or in the eNodeB of LTE systems. The experimental results using Software Defined Radios (SDRs) on the ORBIT testbed show more than 96% classification success of channel transition and a significant difference in error vector values for different types of channel variations. This leads to a need-based CSI collection, which will improve aggregate throughput of the network.","PeriodicalId":440445,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116093229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516937
Adnan Mian, D. Reed
Despite forecasted quadratic growth of cellular traffic over the next several years, no in-depth analysis of brownfield and greenfield Long Term Evolution (LTE) backhaul deployment over different local access network options has been published. The models in this paper integrate engineering with economic analysis of the backhaul to support LTE mobile broadband networks using digital subscriber line (DSL), cable (DOCSIS), fiber, or microwave networks for the backhaul network. The results of the model allow a regulator to determine which backhaul solution to support depending upon traffic load and spectrum allocation. The model results indicate that the Net Present Value (NPV) do favor fiber passive optical network (PON) for a greenfield deployment, while brownfield DOCSIS or PON is favored depending on population density. The model demonstrates that demand for the next ten years can be met with the deployment of small cells and picocells with an increase in available frequencies. The model also demonstrates fifth generation (5G) picocells delays expansion of backhaul.
{"title":"Tomorrow’s Backhaul: Comparative Analysis of Backhaul Cost for Policy Decisions","authors":"Adnan Mian, D. Reed","doi":"10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516937","url":null,"abstract":"Despite forecasted quadratic growth of cellular traffic over the next several years, no in-depth analysis of brownfield and greenfield Long Term Evolution (LTE) backhaul deployment over different local access network options has been published. The models in this paper integrate engineering with economic analysis of the backhaul to support LTE mobile broadband networks using digital subscriber line (DSL), cable (DOCSIS), fiber, or microwave networks for the backhaul network. The results of the model allow a regulator to determine which backhaul solution to support depending upon traffic load and spectrum allocation. The model results indicate that the Net Present Value (NPV) do favor fiber passive optical network (PON) for a greenfield deployment, while brownfield DOCSIS or PON is favored depending on population density. The model demonstrates that demand for the next ten years can be met with the deployment of small cells and picocells with an increase in available frequencies. The model also demonstrates fifth generation (5G) picocells delays expansion of backhaul.","PeriodicalId":440445,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116742970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516965
Suma G. Pannala
The evolution from 1G through 5G cellular technologies has been fueled mainly by the insatiable need for speed, lower latency, high reliability and enhanced flexibility of use across the wireless ecosystem. Using multiple antennas in conjunction with complex modulation schemes has rendered each generation of cellular technology an enhanced version over its former counterpart. 5G technology aims to exploit previously unchartered higher millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies & larger bandwidths towards realizing the goal of greater data throughput, while simultaneously enhancing data reliability and reducing latency. The small wavelength of mmWave signals makes it possible to design 5G devices using several multi-element phased array antennas with small element-element spacing. However, unlike the antenna designs of 2G/3G/4G devices, 5G multi-element antennas would be integrated with the radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) board of the 5G device. The tight integration between antennas and RFIC renders the antenna port of the device under test (DUT) inaccessible for physical connections using cables/connectors to the test equipment. Since conducted testing with cables is not feasible anymore, radiated over-the-air (OTA) testing becomes mandatory for 5G mmWave device verification.This paper aims to assess the feasibility of candidate OTA test methods for 5G mmWave test requirements. The challenges of testing 5G mmWave devices over-the-air have been elucidated and alternative OTA test solutions for overcoming these challenges have also been discussed.
{"title":"Feasibility and Challenges of Over-The-Air Testing for 5G Millimeter Wave Devices","authors":"Suma G. Pannala","doi":"10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2018.8516965","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution from 1G through 5G cellular technologies has been fueled mainly by the insatiable need for speed, lower latency, high reliability and enhanced flexibility of use across the wireless ecosystem. Using multiple antennas in conjunction with complex modulation schemes has rendered each generation of cellular technology an enhanced version over its former counterpart. 5G technology aims to exploit previously unchartered higher millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies & larger bandwidths towards realizing the goal of greater data throughput, while simultaneously enhancing data reliability and reducing latency. The small wavelength of mmWave signals makes it possible to design 5G devices using several multi-element phased array antennas with small element-element spacing. However, unlike the antenna designs of 2G/3G/4G devices, 5G multi-element antennas would be integrated with the radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) board of the 5G device. The tight integration between antennas and RFIC renders the antenna port of the device under test (DUT) inaccessible for physical connections using cables/connectors to the test equipment. Since conducted testing with cables is not feasible anymore, radiated over-the-air (OTA) testing becomes mandatory for 5G mmWave device verification.This paper aims to assess the feasibility of candidate OTA test methods for 5G mmWave test requirements. The challenges of testing 5G mmWave devices over-the-air have been elucidated and alternative OTA test solutions for overcoming these challenges have also been discussed.","PeriodicalId":440445,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114549534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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